TransGood-Translation memory software Trados, SDL, ForeignDesk, Wordfast, WordFisher, Déjà Vu (DVX), 译佳计算机辅助翻译软件, 雅信CAT TransGood, TransMemory, Translation Software Tools, Computer-assisted translation, computer-aided translation, CAT, machine-aided translation, Translation memory software, Terminology management software, Alignment software, Software localization tools, ?bersetzung Software, Logiciels de traduction, Software di traduzione, Traducción de Software, Mémoire de traduction, Tradu??o memória, Memoria de traducción, Memoria di traduzione, Перевод Software, ForeignDesk, Okapi Framework, OmegaT, Transolution, AidTransStudio, Cafetran, Déjà Vu (DVX), Heartsome Translation Suite, MemoQ, MetaTexis, Rainbow, SDLX, SDL, STAR Transit, Trados, SDL Trados, Wordfast, WordFisher, Similis, Open Language Tools, 翻訳ソフトウェア, 翻訳メモリ, 翻译软件 辅助翻译软件 计算机辅助翻译软件 人工智能翻译 翻译工具 专业翻译软件 翻译记忆软件 塔多思 Trados SDL WordFast 雅信CAT 翻译公司 牛津词典 Oxford Dictionary interruption; continuous 不间断的; 持续的: the perpetual noise of traffic 不绝于耳的交通噪音. 3 (infml 口) frequently repeated; continual 反覆的; 不断的: He was irritated by their perpetual complaints. 他们一再发牢骚把他惹火了. perpetually / -tFUElI; -tFJElI/ adv. perpetual motion [U] movement (eg of an imagined machine) that would continue for ever without getting power from an outside source 永动（不需外加能量永久运转, 如假想的机器）. perpetuate / pE5petFUeIt; pL`pZtFJ9et/ v [Tn] cause (sth) to continue 使（某事物）永久、永存或 持续: These measures will perpetuate the hostility between the two groups. 采取这些措施势必使那 两集团永远对立. * They decided to perpetuate the memory of their leader by erecting a statue. 他们 为永远纪念那位领袖决定建一座雕像. perpetuation / pE9petFU5eIFn; pL9pZtFJ`eFEn/ n [U]. perpetuity / 9p\:pI5tju:EtI; ?@ -5tu:-; 9p[pE`tuEtI/ n (idm 习语) in perpetuity (fml 文) for ever; permanently 永久; 永恒; 永远: The site of the memorial is granted in perpetuity to Canada. 纪念馆 址已选定在加拿大作为永久的纪念. perplex / pE5pleks; pL`plZks/ v [Tn] make (sb) feel puzzled or confused; bewilder 使（某人）困惑、 糊涂或迷惑: The question perplexed me. 那问题把我难住了. * We were perplexed by his failure to answer the letter. 他何以不覆信, 我们大惑不解. * The whole affair is very perplexing. 整件事令人 感到莫名其妙. perplexed adj. puzzled or confused 困惑的; 糊涂的: The audience looked perplexed. 听众看样子 都没听懂. * She had to explain her behaviour to her perplexed supporters. 她要向那些不明所以的 拥护者解释自己的那种行为. * He gave her a perplexed look. 他茫然地看了她一眼. perplexedly / -IdlI; -IdlI/ adv: `What is this?' he asked perplexedly. ｀这是什麽?＇他困惑地问道. perplexity / -EtI; -EtI/ n [U] 1 state of being perplexed; bewilderment 困惑; 混乱: She looked at us in perplexity. 她茫然地望著我们. 2 state of being complicated or difficult 复杂; 困难: a problem of such perplexity that it was impossible to solve 复杂得无法解决的问题. perquisite / 5p\:kwIzIt; `p[kwEzIt/ n (esp pl 尤作复数) (fml 文) 1 (infml 口语作perk) money or goods given or regarded as a right in addition to one's pay （工资以外的）财物补贴, 额外收入, 津 贴, 奖金, 小费: Perquisites include the use of the company car. 福利包括可以使用公司的汽车. 2 special advantage or right enjoyed as a result of one's position （随职位而得到的）好处, 利益, 便 利, 特权, 优待: Politics in Britain used to be the perquisite of the property-owning classes. 英国的 政治以往是有产阶级的特权. perry / 5perI; `pZrI/ n (a) [U] drink made from the fermented juice of pears 梨酒. (b) [C] glass of this 一杯梨酒. Cf 参看 cider. pers abbr. 缩写= person; personal. persecute / 5p\:sIkju:t; `p[sI9kjut/ v 1 [esp passive 尤用于被动语态: Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (for sth) treat sb cruelly, esp because of his race, his political or religious beliefs, etc 迫害某人（尤指基于种族、政 治或宗教信仰等原因）: Throughout history religious minorities have been persecuted (for their beliefs). 纵观历史, 宗教上的少数派始终（因其信仰关系）受迫害. 2 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (with sth) allow no peace to sb; hound sb 烦扰、困扰或骚扰某人: Once the affair became public, he was persecuted by the press. 事情公开后, 他便受到新闻界的纠缠. persecution / 9p\:sI5kju:Fn; 9p[sI`kjuFEn/ n (a) [U] persecuting or being persecuted 迫害; 烦扰; 困扰; 骚扰: his persecution of his political opponents 他对政治反对派的迫害 * They suffered persecution for their beliefs. 他们因信仰问题受到迫害. (b) [C] instance of this 迫害; 烦扰; 困扰; 骚扰: He is writing a history of the persecutions endured by his race. 他在写一部关于其种族所受迫 害的历史书. persecution complex (also persecution mania) ( psychology 心) insane belief that one is being persecuted 受迫害妄想狂. persecutor n. person who persecutes others 迫害者: His persecutors were severely punished. 迫害 他的人受到了严厉的惩处. persevere / 9p\:sI5vIE(r); 9p[sE`vIr/ v [I, Ipr] ~ (at/in/with sth); ~ (with sb) (usu approv 通常作褒义) continue trying to do sth, esp in spite of difficulty 坚持做某事（尤指不畏困难）: You'll need to persevere if you want the business to succeed. 要想事业成功, 就得持之以恒. * She persevered in her efforts to win the championship. 她为赢得冠军而不断努力. * It's difficult, but I'm going to persevere with it. 难是难, 但我一定坚持到底. * He was hopeless at French, but his teacher persevered with him. 他怎麽也学不会法语, 可是老师仍锲而不舍地帮助他. perseverance / 9p\:sI5vIErEns; 9p[sE`vIrEns/ n [U] continued steady effort to achieve an aim; steadfastness 坚持不懈; 不屈不挠: After months of disappointment, his perseverance was finally rewarded. 数月来他经历挫折而不断努力, 终于有了收获. * perseverance in the face of extreme hardship 面对极端困苦而百折不挠. persevering / 9p\:sI5vIErIN; 9p[sE`vIrIN/ adj showing perseverance 坚持的; 不屈不挠的: [attrib 作定语] persevering efforts 坚持不懈的努力* A few persevering climbers finally reached the top. 少数几个攀登者坚忍不拔, 终于登上了顶峰. perseveringly adv. Persian / 5p\:Fn; ?@ 5p\:rVn; `p[VEn/ adj of Persia (now called Iran), its people or its language 波斯 （现称伊朗）的; 波斯人的; 波斯语的. Persian n. 1 [C] inhabitant of Persia 波斯人. 2 [U] language of Persia 波斯语. Persian carpet (also Persian rug) carpet of traditional design from the Near East, handmade from silk or wool 波斯地毯. Persian cat (also Persian) type of pure-bred cat with long silky hair 波斯猫. Persian lamb silky curled fur, usu black, of a type of Asian lamb, used for coats; astrakhan 波斯羔羊皮（通常为黑 色）. persiflage / 5p\:sIflB:V; `p[sI9flBV/ n [U] (fml 文) light good-humoured teasing; banter 戏谑; 打趣; 玩笑. persimmon / pE5sImEn; pL`sImEn/ n 1 large orange-red plum-like edible fruit 柿子. 2 any of several types of tropical tree on which this grows 柿子树. persist / pE5sIst; pL`sIst/ v 1 [I, Ipr] ~ (in sth/in doing sth) continue to do sth, esp in an obstinate and determined way and in spite of opposition, argument or failure 坚持; 执意: If you persist, you will annoy them even more. 你若固执, 他们就更恼火了. * He will persist in riding that dreadful bicycle. 他执意要骑那辆破自行车. * She persists in the belief/in believing that she is being persecuted. 她认 定自己受到了迫害. 2 [Ipr] ~ with sth continue doing sth in spite of difficulties 不畏困难继续做某 事: They persisted with the agricultural reforms, despite opposition from the farmers. 他们不顾农民 反对, 仍继续进行农业改革. 3 [I] continue to exist 持续; 存留: Fog will persist throughout the night. 雾将整夜不散. * Loyalty to the former king still persists in parts of the country. 该国一些地 方仍有人忠于前国王. persistence / -Ens; -Ens/ n [U] (a) being persistent 坚持不懈; 执意; 持续; 存留: His persistence was rewardedwhen they finally agreed to resume discussions. 他们终于同意继续谈判, 这是他坚持 不懈的结果. (b) continuing existence 继续存在: The doctor couldn't explain the persistence of the high temperature. 医生无法解释高烧何以持久不退. persistent / -Ent; -Ent/ adj 1 refusing to give up 坚持的; 不屈不挠的: She eventually married the most persistentof her admirers. 她终于嫁给了最执著追求她的人. 2 (a) continuing without interruption 持续不断的; 不间断的: [attrib 作定语] persistent noise, rain, pain 持续的噪音、雨 水、疼痛* persistent questioning 无休止的讯问. (b) occurring frequently 反覆出现的; 一再发生 的: [attrib 作定语] persistent attacks of coughing 咳嗽的频繁发作* Despite persistent denials, the rumour continued tospread. 尽管一再否认, 谣言还是不胫而走. persistently adv. person / 5p\:sn; `p[sn/ n (pl 复数作people / 5pi:pl; `pipl/ or, in formal or derogatory use, 作郑重或 贬抑用词时复数作persons). =>Usage at people 用法见people. 1human being as an individual with distinct characteristics （有某种个性或特性的）人: He's just the person we need for the job. 他 正是我们需要的做那种工作的人. * Hereshe is the very person we were talking about! 就是她--我 们刚刚谈到的那个人. * I had a letter from the people who used to own the corner shop. 我收到从前 街角那家商店的老板寄来的一封信. 2 (fml or derog 文或贬) (esp known or unspecified) human being （尤指已知的或非特指的）人: A certain person (ie somebody that I do not wish to name) told me everything. 有个人把一切都告诉我了. * Any person found leaving litter will be prosecuted. 禁 扔垃圾, 违者必究. * (law 律) accused of conspiring with person or persons unknown, eg said when charging sb in court 被控与人合谋（如于法庭控告某人所说）. 3 (grammar) any of the three classes of personalpronouns, the first person `I/we' referring to the person(s) speaking, the second person `you' referring to the person(s) spoken to, and the third person `he, she, it, they' referring to the person(s) or thing(s) spoken about 人称（第一人称I/we 指谈话者, 第二人称you 指谈话的对象, 第 三人称he、she、it、 they 指谈及的人或事物）. 4 (idm 习语) about/on one's `person carried about with one, eg in one's pocket 带在身上（如在口袋里）: A gun was found on his person. 从他身上搜 出一枝枪. be no/not be any respecter of persons => respecter (respect2). in `person physically present 亲身; 亲自; 本人: The winner will be there in person to collect the prize. 奖金需获奖者本人领取. * You may apply for tickets in person or by letter. 需票者可亲自来申请亦可来信索取. in the person of sb (fml 文) in the form or shape of sb 即某人; 乃某人; 其人: Help arrived in the person of his father. 前来帮忙的是他的父亲. * The firm has an important asset in the person of the director of research. 公司有一巨大财富, 就是研究部主任这个人. person-to-person call n. (esp US) telephone call made via the operator to a particular person and paid for from the time that person answers the phone 叫人电话（经接线员接通, 至指定受话人答话时起 计费）. persona / pE5sEUnE; pL`sonE/ n (pl -nae / -ni:; -ni/) (psychology 心) character of a person as presented to others or as others perceive it 面具人格; 伪装人格. persona grata / 5grB:tE; `-rBtE/ (Latin 拉) person who is acceptable to others, esp a diplomat acceptable to a foreign government 受欢迎的人（尤指受驻在国政府欢迎的外交官）. persona non grata / nCn 5grB:tE; 9nBn`-rBtE/ (Latin 拉) person who is not acceptable to others, esp to a foreign government 不受欢迎的人（尤指不受外国政府欢迎的）: He was declared persona non grata and forced to leave the country. 他被宣布为不受欢迎的人而被迫离开该国. * (joc 谑) He forgot to buy more coffee yesterday, so he was persona non grata at breakfast this morning! 他因昨日 忘了多买些咖啡, 今晨早餐上遂成为家中众矢之的. personable / 5p\:sEnEbl; `p[snEbl/ adj [esp attrib 尤作定语] having a pleasant appearance or manner 英俊的; 有风度的: The salesman was a very personable young man. 推销员是个风度翩翩的年轻 人. personably / -EblI; -EblI/ adv. dramatis personae / 9drAmEtIs p\:5sEUnaI; `drAmEtIs pL`soni/ (fml 文) (list of the) characters in a play 剧中人物（表）. personage / 5p\:sEnIdV; `p[snIdV/ n person, esp an important or distinguished one 人; （尤指）要人, 名人:Political and royal personages from many countries attended the funeral. 许多国家的政界要人 和皇族人士参加了葬礼. personal / 5p\:sEnl; `p[snl/ adj 1 [attrib 作定语] of or belonging to a particular person rather than a group or an organization 个人的: one's personal affairs, beliefs 私事、个人信仰* a car for your personal use only 仅供你个人用的汽车* She made a personal donation to the fund. 她以个人名义 向基金会捐款. * give sth the personal touch, ie make it individual or original 使某事物带有个人色 彩. 2 not of one's public or professional life; private 私人的: a letter marked `Personal' 注明｀亲 收＇字样的信件* Please leave us alone we have something personal to discuss. 请让我们单独在 一起--我们有点私事要谈. * His personal life is a mystery to his colleagues. 他的同事认为他的私 生活是个谜. 3 [attrib 作定语] done or made by a particular person 本人所做的: The Prime Minister made a personal appearance at the meeting. 首相亲临会议. * I shall give the matter my personal attention. 我将亲自过问此事. 4 [attrib 作定语] done or made for a particular person 为 某个人所做的: We offer a personal service to our customers. 我们为顾客提供个人服务. * Will you do it for me as a personalfavour? 请你帮我个人一个忙行吗? * a personal account,ie a bank or building society account in a person's name （银行或房屋建筑协会的）个人帐户. 5 critical of a person's faults 人身攻击: The argument was becoming too personal. 那场争论已演变成过分的人身 攻击了. * Try to avoid making personal comments. 尽量避免人身攻击. 6 [attrib 作定语] of the body 人身的; 身体的: personal cleanliness, freshness, hygiene, etc 身体的清洁卫生、活力、卫 生等. personally / -EnElI; -nlI/ adv 1 not represented by another; in person 亲身; 亲自: She presented the prizes personally. 她亲自颁奖. * The plans were personally inspected by the minister. 这计画经 部长亲自审阅过. 2 as a person 作为个人; 就个人而论: I don't know him personally, but I've read his books. 我对他个人并不了解, 但我看过他的书. 3 (often at the beginning of a statement, followed by a comma 常用于一句话的开始, 后有逗号) as far as I am concerned; for myself 就我 来说; 就自己而言: Personally, I don't like him at all. 就我而言, 我一点都不喜欢他. * Personally speaking/Speakingpersonally, I'm in favour of the scheme. 就本人而言, 我赞成这个计画. =>Usage at hopeful 用法见hopeful. 4 (idm 习语) take sth `personally be offended by sth 为某事所触怒: I'm afraid he took your remarks personally. 我看他对你的话很不高兴. personal assistant ( abbr 缩写PA) secretary who assists an official or a manager 私人秘书; 私人 助理. personal column column in a newspaper or some other periodical for private messages or short advertisements 个人启 事栏; 私人广告栏. personal pronoun ( grammar) any of the pronouns 人称代词I, me, she, her, he, him, we, us, you, they, them, etc. personal property (also personal estate) ( law 律) property owned by a person, except land or income from land, that passes to his heir 动产. Cf 参看real estate (real1). personalize, personalise / 5p\:sEnElaIz; `p[snl9aIz/ v 1 [Tn esp passive 尤用于被动语态] mark (sth) in order to show that it belongs to a person, esp by putting his address or initials on it 在某物上作物 主标志（尤指标示物主的地址或姓名的首字母）: handkerchiefs personalized with her initials 有她 的姓名首字母的手帕 * [attrib 作定语] a personalized number-plate, ie one on a car, with personally selected letters 有个人选择字母标记的汽车号码牌. 2 [Tn] cause (sth) to become concerned with personal matters or feelings 使（某事物）针对个人、带有个人感情或个人化: We don't want to personalize the issue. 我们不想把问题搞得个人化了. personality / 9p\:sE5nAlEtI; 9p[sn`AlEtI/ n 1 [C] characteristics and qualities of a person seen as a whole 人格; 个性: a likeable personality 讨人喜欢的个性* She has a very strong personality. 她 个性很强. * influences which affect the development of a child's personality 影响儿童性格发展的 因素. 2 [U, C] distinctive, esp socially attractive, qualities 特色（尤指社交上有吸引力的素质）: We need someone with lots of personality to organize the party. 我们需要有个人见人爱的人来组织 聚会. * His wife was very beautiful, but seemed to have no personality. 他的妻子很漂亮, 但似乎没 有什麽特点. 3 [C] famous person, esp in the world of entertainment or sport 名人（尤指娱乐界或 体育界的）: personalities from the film world 影界名流* a television personality 电视圈中的名人 * one of the best-known personalities in the world of tennis 网球界最著名的人物之一. personalities [pl] critical or impolite remarks about a person 人身攻击; 诽谤: indulge in personalities, ie make such remarks 一味进行人身攻击* Let's keep personalities out of it, ie avoid criticizing individual people. 咱们不要进行人身攻击. personality cult ( often derog 常作贬义) excessive admiration of a famous person, esp a political leader （对名人的）个人崇拜（尤指对政治领袖的）. personify / pE5sCnIfaI; pL`sBnE9faI/ v (pt, pp -fied) [Tn] 1 (a) treat (sth) as if it were a human being 将（某事物）人格化、拟人化: The sun and the moon are often personified in poetry. 诗歌中 常把日、月拟人化. (b) represent (an idea, a quality, etc) in human form; symbolize 以人的形象表 现（思想、品质等）; 象徵: Justice is often personified as a blindfolded woman holding a pair of scales. 常把蒙著眼睛手持天平的女人当作正义的象徵. 2 be an example in human form of a quality or characteristic, esp one possessed to an extreme degree 为某品质或特点的化身（尤指极典 型的）: He personifies the worship of money. 他是拜金的化身. * He is kindness personified. 他是善 良的化身. personification / pE9sCnIfI5keIFn; pL9sBnEfE`keFEn/ n 1 (a) [U] treating sth that is without life as a human being or representing it in human form 人格化; 拟人化; 象徵; 化身: The personification of evil as a devil is a feature of medieval painting. 用魔鬼象徵罪恶是中世纪绘画的 特色. (b) [C] instance of this 人格化; 拟人化; 象徵; 化身. 2 [C usu sing 通常作单数] ~ of sth person who possesses a quality or characteristic to an extreme degree 极具某品质或特点的人; 典型: He looked the personification of misery. 他那副样子可谓是苦难的典型. * She was the personification of elegance. 她是文雅的典范. personnel / 9p\:sE5nel; 9p[sn`Zl/ n 1 [pl v] people employed in one of the armed forces, a firm or a public office; staff 人员; 职员: trained personnel 培训过的职员* Army personnel are not allowed to leave the base. 军事人员不准离开基地. * Airline personnel can purchase flight tickets at reduced prices. 航空公司的职员可以优惠价购买飞机票. * [attrib 作定语] a personnel carrier, ie a ship or an aeroplane that carries troops 运兵的船（或飞机）. 2 [Gp] (also person`nel department) department in a firm which deals with employees, esp with their appointment and welfare 人事部门: Personnel is/are organizing the training of the new members of staff. 人事部门正在组织新雇员的培 训. * [attrib 作定语] person`nel manager/officer 人事部主任[负责人]. perspective / pE5spektIv; pL`spZktIv/ n 1 (a) [U] art of drawing solid objects on a flat surface so as to give the right impression of their height, width, depth and position in relation to each other 透视法: She drew a row of trees receding into the distance to demonstrate the laws of perspective. 她画了一 排由近而远高度递减的树以演示透视法的规律. * [attrib 作定语] a perspective drawing 一幅透视 画. (b) [C] drawing made this way 透视图. =>illus 见插图. 2 [C] view, esp one stretching into the distance 远景, 景（尤指由近而远的）: get a perspective of the whole valley 取整个山谷的远景 * (fig 比喻) a personal perspective of the nation's history 国家历史之我见. 3 (idm 习语) in/out of perspective (a) showing the correct/incorrect relationship between visible objects 可见物体的位置或 比例正确[不正确]; 按照[不按照]透视法: draw the buildings in perspective 按比例画某建筑物 * That tree on the left of the picture is out of perspective. 画中左边那棵树不合比例. (b) [U] ina way that does not exaggerate any aspect/that exaggerates some aspects 不夸大[夸大]; 恰当[不恰当]: He sees things in their right perspective. 他观察事物很正确. * view/put/see sth in (its true/its proper) perspective 从实际的[恰当的]角度观察[处置/看待]某事物 * see the events in their historical perspective 用历史的观点看待这些事件* get things badly out of perspective 处事极为失当. Perspex / 5p\:speks; `p[9spZks/ n [U] (propr 专利名) strong transparent plastic material that is often used instead of glass because it does not splinter 有机玻璃（一种高强度透明塑料）. perspicacious / 9p\:spI5keIFEs; 9p[spI`keFEs/ adj (fml 文) having or showing great insight or judgement; discerning 有洞察力的; 判断力强的; 有识别力的: a perspicacious analysis of the problem 对问题的精辟分析* It was very perspicacious of you to find the cause of the trouble so quickly. 你真是明察秋毫, 问题的原因这麽快就找出来了. perspicaciously adv. perspicacity / 9p:spI5kAsEtI; 9p[spI`kAsEtI/ n [U]. perspicuous / pE5spIkjUEs; pL`spIkjJEs/ adj (fml 文) (a) expressed clearly 表达得清楚的. (b) (of a person) expressing things clearly; lucid （指人）有表达力的, 表达清楚的. perspicuously adv. perspicuousness, perspicuity / -5kju:EtI; -`kjuEtI/ ns [U]. perspire / pE5spaIE(r); pL`spaIr/ v [I] (fml 文) give off moisture through the skin; sweat 出汗; 流汗: perspiring profusely after a game of squash 壁球赛后大汗淋漓. perspiration / 9p\:spE5reIFn; 9p[spE`reFEn/ n [U] (a) moisture given off by the body; sweat 汗; 汗 水: drops of perspiration rolling down one's forehead 从额头上滚落的汗珠. (b) process of giving off moisture through the skin 出汗; 流汗: Perspiration cools the skin in hot weather. 天热时出汗可使 皮肤降温. persuade / pE5sweId; pL`swed/ v 1 [Tn, Tn.pr, Cn.t] ~ sb (into/out of sth) cause sb to do sth by arguing or reasoning with him 说服或劝说某人做某事: You try and persuade her (to come out with us). 你去试试劝她（跟我们一起出去）吧. * He is easily persuaded. 他这人好说话. * How can we persuade him into joining us? 怎麽才能说服他参加我们的活动呢? * He persuaded his daughter to change her mind. 他说服女儿改变主意. 2 [Tn esp passive 尤用于被动语态, Tn.pr esp passive 尤 用于被动语态, Dn.f] ~ sb (of sth) (fml 文) cause sb to believe sth; convince sb 使某人相信某事物; 使某人信服: I am not fully persuaded by the evidence. 这证据不足以使我充分信服. * We are persuaded of the justice of her case. 我们确信对她案件的审理是公正的. * How can I persuade you that I am sincere? 怎样才能使你相信我是真心实意的呢? persuasion / pE5sweIVn; pL`sweVEn/ n 1 [U] persuading or being persuaded 说服; 劝说; 信服: Defeated by her powers of persuasion, I accepted. 她的劝说很有力, 我完全接受. * After a lot of persuasion, he agreed to come. 好说歹说, 他才同意来. * Gentle persuasion is more effective than force. 温和的说服胜于压服. 2 [C] (group who hold a) set of (esp religious or political) beliefs 持 有（尤指宗教的或政治的）信仰（的宗派）: people of all persuasions 持各种信仰的人们 * He is not of their (religious) persuasion. 他和他们的（宗教）信仰不同. 3 [sing] (fml 文) something that one believes; conviction 信念; 见解: It is my persuasion that the decision was a mistake. 我认为那 个决定是错误的. persuasive / pE5sweIsIv; pL`swesIv/ adj able to persuade; convincing 能说服人的; 有说服力的; 令 人信服的: apersuasive manner 晓人以理的态度* persuasive arguments,reasons, excuses, etc 有说 服力的论据、理由、藉口等. persuasively adv. persuasiveness n. [U]: the persuasiveness of his argument 他的论据的说服力. pert / p\:t; p[t/ adj 1 (esp of a girl or young woman) not showing respect; cheeky （尤指女孩或年轻 女子）无礼的, 冒失的: a pert child, reply 无礼的孩子、回答* Don't be so pert! 放庄重些! 2 (esp US) amusing; lively 好玩的; 别致的; 精神的: a pert little red hat 一顶别致的小红帽. pertly adv. pertness n. [U]. pertain / pE5teIn; pL`ten/ v [Ipr] ~ to sth (fml 文) (used esp in the continuous tenses 尤用于进行时 态) 1 be connected with or relevant to sth 与某事物有关联: evidence pertaining to the case 与案件 有关的证据. 2 belong to sth as a part of it 依附于或从属于某事物: (law 律) the manor and the land pertaining to it 庄园及其所属土地. 3 be appropriate to sth 符合于或适合于某事物: the enthusiasm pertaining to youth 青年特有的热情. pertinacious / 9p\:tI5neIFEs; ?@ -tn5eIFEs; 9p[tn`eFEs/ adj (fml 文) holding firmly to an opinion or a course of action; determined 坚持的; 固执的; 坚决的: His style of argument in meetings is not so much aggressive as pertinacious. 他在会议上的辩论态度并非锋芒逼人而是坚持己见. pertinaciously adv. pertinacity / p\:tI5nsEtI; US -tn5-; 9p[tn`AsEtI/ n [U]. pertinent / 5p\:tInEnt; ?@ -tEnEnt; `p[tnEnt/ adj ~ (to sth) (fml 文) relevant (to sth); to the point 有关 的; 中肯的; 恰当的: pertinent comments, points, questions, etc 中肯的意见、观点、问题等 * remarks not pertinent to the matter we are discussing 与我们正在讨论的事情不相干的话. pertinently adv. pertinence / -Ens; -Ens/ n [U]. perturb / pE5t\:b; pL`t[b/ v [Tn esp passive 尤用于被动语态] (fml 文) make (sb) very worried; disturb 使（某人）烦恼、不安: perturbing rumours 令人不安的谣言* We were perturbed to hear of his disappearance. 我们听说他失踪了, 都很不安. perturbation / 9p\:tE5beIFn; 9p[tL`beFEn/ n [U] (fml 文) state of being perturbed; anxiety 不安; 烦扰; 忧虑. peruse / pE5ru:z; pE`ruz/ v [Tn] 1 (fml 文) read (sth), esp carefully or thoroughly 读（某篇文字）; （尤指）细阅, 审阅: peruse a document 细阅一文件. 2 (joc 谑) read (sth) quickly and without concentrating 匆匆读或心不在焉地浏览（某篇文字）: absent-mindedly perusing the notices on the waiting-room wall 漫不经心地看等候室墙上的布告. perusal / pE5ru:zl; pE`ruzl/ n [C, U] (action of) reading carefully 细读. pervade / pE5veId; pL`ved/ v [Tn] spread to and be perceived in every part of (sth) 弥漫, 渗遍, 遍布, 充满（某处）: The smell of baked apples pervaded the house. 房子里弥漫著烤苹果的香味. * a pervading sense of disaster 普遍有大祸临头的感觉* Her work is pervaded by nostalgia for a past age. 她的作品充满怀旧之情. pervasion / pE5veIVn; pL`veVEn/ n [U] (fml 文) pervading or being pervaded 弥漫; 渗透; 遍布; 充满. pervasive / pE5veIsIv; pL`vesIv/ adj present and perceived everywhere; pervading 无处不在的; 遍 布的; 充斥各处的: pervasive smell, dust, damp etc 到处都有的气味、尘埃、湿气等 * the pervasive mood of pessimism 普遍存在的悲观情绪. pervasively adv. pervasiveness n. [U]. perverse / pE5v\:s; pL`v[s/ adj (fml 文) 1 (of a person) deliberately continuing to behave in a way that is wrong, unreasonable or unacceptable （指人）固执错误的, 背理的, 不合常情的: a perverse child 任性的孩子* You are being unnecessarily perverse. 你无谓一意孤行. 2 [esp attrib 尤作定 语] (of behaviour) stubbornly unreasonable （指行为）任性的, 蛮不讲理的: his perverse refusal to see a doctor 他那拒不就医的固执态度* It would be perverse to take a different view. 持异议之见 未免不近情理. * a perverse decision, judgement, etc, ie one that ignores the facts or evidence 罔顾事 实的决定、裁决等. 3 [esp attrib 尤作定语] (of feelings) unreasonableor excessive （指感情）不 近情理的, 过分的: take a perverse pleasure in upsetting one's parents 以忤逆父母作反常之乐 * a perverse desire to shock 故意使人吃惊的反常心理. perversely adv: She continued, perversely, to wear shoes that damaged her feet. 她偏偏穿那双挤脚的鞋. perverseness, perversity ns [U]. perversion / pE5v\:Fn; ?@ -Vn; pL`v[VEn/ n 1 (a) [U] changing sth from right to wrong; perverting 变错; 变坏; 反常: the perversion of innocence 纯洁心灵的变坏* the perversion of the evidence to suit powerful interests 因利欲熏心而颠倒是非. (b) [C] perverted form of sth; distortion 歪曲; 颠倒; 曲解: Her account was a perversion of the truth. 她所讲的歪曲了事实. 2 [U] (a) (esp of sexual feelings) being or becoming unnatural or abnormal （尤指对性的情感）反常, 异常: the perversion of normal desires 欲望的反常. (b) [C] (esp sexual) taste or desire which has been perverted （尤指性 的）变态心理, 倒错: the treatment of sexual perversion by psychotherapy 用心理疗法医治性变态 * His craving for publicity has become almost a perversion. 他渴望出风头已迹近病态. pervert / pE5v\:t; pL`v[t/ v [Tn] 1 turn (sth) away from its proper nature or use 误用, 滥用（某事 物）: pervert the truth/the course of justice 歪曲事实[妨碍司法公正] * an expression whose meaning has been perverted by constant misuse 积非成是的说法. 2 cause (a person, his mind) to turn away from what is right or natural 使（人、心理）入邪路、反常或堕落: pervert (the mind of) a child 把 儿童（的思想）教坏* an idealist perverted by the desire for power 被权欲引入歧途的理想主义者 * Do pornographic books pervert those who read them? 看色情书刊能诱人堕落吗? * a perverted desire to make others suffer 虐待他人的反常心理. pervert / 5p\:v\:t; `p[v[t/ n (derog 贬) person whose (esp sexual) behaviour is considered abnormal or unacceptable 走上邪路者; 堕落者; 反常者; （尤指）性变态者, 性欲倒错者. peseta / pE5seItE; pE`setE/ n (a) unit of money in Spain; 100 centimos 比塞塔（西班牙货币单位, 等 于100 分）. (b) coin of this value 一比塞塔硬币. pesky / 5peskI; `pZskI/ adj (-ier, -iest) (US infml 口) causing trouble; annoying 引起麻烦的; 恼人的: pesky kids, mosquitoes, weeds 讨厌的孩子、蚊子、杂草. peso / 5peIsEU; `peso/ n (pl ~s) unit of money in many Latin American countries and the Philippines 比索（拉丁美洲国家和菲律宾的货币单位）. pessary / 5pesErI; `pZsErI/ n (medical 医) 1 small tablet placed in a woman's vagina and left to dissolve (to prevent conception or to cure an infection); vaginal suppository 阴道栓（避孕或治疗炎 症的）. 2 device placed in a woman's vagina to prevent conception (also diaphragm pessary) or to support the womb 子宫帽（避孕用的）; 子宫托（治疗子宫下垂的）. pessimism / 5pesImIzEm; `pZsE9mIzEm/ n [U] 1 tendency to be gloomy and believe that the worst will happen 悲观: His pessimism has the effect of depressing everyone. 他的悲观情绪感染得大家 情绪低落. 2 (philosophy 哲) belief that evil will always triumph over good 悲观主义. Cf 参看 optimism. pessimist / -Ist; -Ist/ n person who expects the worst to happen 悲观主义者: It's easy to sell insurance to a pessimist. 向悲观的人推销保险很容易. Cf 参看 optimist (optimism). pessimistic / 9pesI5mIstIk; 9pZsE`mIstIk/ adj ~ (about sth) influenced by or showing pessimism 悲 观的; 悲观主义的: a pessimistic view of the world 对世界的悲观主义看法* After the pessimistic sales forecasts, production was halved. 在做了悲观销售预测之后, 产量降低了一半. pessimistically / -klI; -klI/ adv. pest / pest; pZst/ n 1 [C] (infml 口) annoying person or thing 讨厌的人; 害人虫; 坑人的事物: That child is an absolute pest he keeps ringing the doorbell and then running away! 那孩子讨厌极 了--老是来按门铃, 按完就跑了! 2 [C] insect or animal that destroys plants, food, etc 害虫、害 兽、害鸟等有害动物: Stores of grain are frequently attacked by pests, especially rats. 储存的物 经常受损坏, 尤其是老鼠为患最甚. * garden pests, eg slugs, greenfly 花园中的害虫（如蛞蝓、蚜 虫）. Cf 参看vermin 1. 3 [C, U] (arch 古) = pestilence. pest control [U] destruction of pests, eg with poison, traps, etc 消灭有害动物（如用毒药、诱捕装置等）. pester / 5pestE(r); `pZstL/ v [Tn, Tn.pr, Dn.t] ~ sb (for sth); ~ sb (with sth) annoy or disturb sb, esp with frequent requests 打扰或纠缠某人（尤指不断提出要求）: He told the photographers to stop pestering him. 他告诉照相的人别再缠著他. * The horses in the meadow were being pestered by flies. 牧场上的马不断受马蝇滋扰. * Beggars pestered him for money. 乞丐缠著向他讨钱. * He pestered her with requests for help. 他缠著她要她帮忙. * They pestered her to join in the scheme. 他们不断要求她参与那计画. pesticide / 5pestIsaId; `pZstE9saId/ n [C, U] chemical substance used to kill pests, esp insects 消灭有 害动物的化学药物;（尤指）杀虫剂: The flea-infested room had to be sprayed with a strong pesticide. 房间里有跳蚤, 得喷强力杀虫剂. Cf 参看 insecticide (insect). pestilence / 5pestIlEns; `pZstlEns/ (also pest) n [C, U] (arch 古) (any of various types of) deadly infectious disease that spreads quickly through large numbers of people, esp bubonic plague 瘟疫; （尤指）腺鼠疫. pestilent / -Ent; -Ent/ (also pestilential / 9pestI5lenFl; 9pZstl`ZnFEl/) adj 1 of or like a pestilence （似）瘟疫的, 腺鼠疫的. 2 [attrib 作定语] (infml 口) very irritating 极讨厌的; 极恼人的; 极可 恶的: the pestilential noise of aeroplanes coming in to land 飞机著陆的讨厌噪音* We must get rid of these pestilential flies. 我们得把这些可恶的苍蝇消灭掉. pestle / 5pesl; `pZsl/ n heavy round-ended tool used for crushing and grinding things to powder, esp in a special bowl (mortar) （捣碎或研磨用的）杵. pet / pet; pZt/ n 1 tame animal or bird kept as a companion and treated with care and affection 玩赏 动物; 宠物: They have many pets, including three cats. 他们有很多宠物, 猫就有三只. * [attrib 作 定语] a pet mouse, snake, lamb, etc 作宠物的老鼠、蛇、羊羔等* pet food 饲养宠物的食物. 2 (a) (often derog 常作贬义) (used esp in the expressions shown 尤用于以下示例) person treated as a favourite 宠儿; 宝贝: (a/the) teacher's pet 老师的得意门生* make a pet of sb 宠爱某人. (b) thing that is given special attention by sb 某人特别关心的事物: [attrib 作定语] a pet project, theory, cause, etc 深受重视的工程、理论、事业等* one's pet hate/aversion 耿耿于心的仇恨[反感]. 3 (infml 口) (a) kind or lovable person 善良的人; 讨人喜欢的人: Their daughter is a perfect pet. 他 们的女儿很可爱. * Be a pet and post this letter for me. 做件好事, 替我把信发了吧. (b) (used as a term of affection, esp for a child or young woman 用作亲昵的称呼, 尤用于孩子或年轻女子): That's kind of you, pet. 谢谢你, 小宝贝. pet v. (-tt-) 1 [Tn] treat (esp an animal) with affection, esp by stroking it 宠爱（尤指动物）; （尤 指）抚摸（动物）. 2 [I] (infml 口) (of a man and a woman) kiss and caress each other （指男女） 亲吻和爱抚: heavy (ie passionate) petting 热烈亲吻和爱抚. pet name name used affectionately, that is different from, or a short form of, a person's real name 爱称; 昵称. =>App 7 见附录7. pet shop shop where animals, birds etc are sold as pets 宠物商店. pet subject subject that obsesses one; hobby-horse 爱讲的话题: Once he starts talking about censorship you can't stop him it's his pet subject. 他一谈起新闻检查一类的事, 你就别想让他停--那是他最爱讲的话 题. pet / pet; pZt/ n (idm 习语) in a `pet in a fit of bad temper, esp about sth trivial 发脾气, 生气（尤指 为小事）: There's no need to get in a pet about it! 没必要为这件小事发火! petal / 5petl; `pZtl/ n any of the delicate, coloured, leaf-like divisions of a flower 花瓣: yellow petals with black markings 带黑纹的黄色花瓣* `rose petals 玫瑰花瓣. =>illus at App 1 见附录1 插图, page ii. petalled (US petaled) / 5petld; `pZtld/ adj (esp in compounds 尤用以构成复合词) having petals 有 花瓣的: a four-petalled flower 有四瓣的花* blue-petalled flowers 蓝瓣的花. petard / pe5tB:d; pI`tBrd/ n (idm 习语) hoist with one's own petard => hoist. peter / 5pi:tE(r); `pitL/ v (phr v) peter out decrease or fade gradually before coming to an end 逐渐减 少; 渐渐消失: The path petered out deep in the forest. 小路漫漫消失在密林深处. * The story begins dramatically but the plot peters out before the end. 这故事有些虎头蛇尾. petit bourgeois / 9petI 5bR:VwB:; ?@ -bUErV-; 9pZtI`bJrVwB/ n (pl unchanged 复数不变) (French 法) member of the lower middle class 小资产阶级: [attrib 作定语] petit bourgeois interests, occupations, prejudices, etc 小资产阶级的情趣、职业、偏见等. petite / pE5ti:t; pE`tit/ adj (approv 褒) (of a girl or a woman) having a small and dainty physique （指 女孩或妇女）娇小的. petition / pE5tIFn; pE`tIFEn/ n ~ (to sb) 1 formal written request, esp one signed by many people appealing to sb in authority 请愿书: a petition against closing the swimming-pool signed by hundreds of local residents 数百名当地居民联合签名反对关闭游泳池的请愿书* get up a petition about sth 就某事徵集签名请愿. 2 (law 律) formal application made to a court （向法院呈交的）诉状. 3 (fml 文) earnest request, esp to God; prayer 祈求; （尤指向上帝的）祈祷. petition v. 1 [Dn.pr, Dn.t] ~ sb (for sth) make a formal request to sb (for sth) （为某事）向某人祈 求或请愿: petition the government for a change in the immigration laws 向政府请愿要求修改移民 法* petition Parliament to allow shops to open on Sunday 向国会请愿要求准许商店星期日营业. 2 [Ipr] ~ for sth ask earnestly or humbly for sth 请求或恳求某事: (law 律) petition for divorce, ie ask a court of law to grant a divorce 请求批准离婚* petition for a retrial in the light of new evidence 根据新证据请求重审. petitioner/-FEnE(r); -FEnL/ n person who petitions, esp in a court of law 请愿人; （尤指）原告, 上诉人. petrel / 5petrEl; `pZtrEl/ n any of several types of black and white sea-bird that fly far from land 海燕. Cf 参看stormy petrel (storm). petrify / 5petrIfaI; `pZtrE9faI/ v (pt, pp -fied) 1 [esp passive 尤用于被动语态: Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (with sth) make sb unable to think, move, act, etc because of fear, surprise, etc 使某人惊呆或吓呆: The idea of making a speech in public petrified him. 一想到要在大庭广众面前讲演, 他就紧张得不知 所措. * I was absolutely petrified (with fear). 我完全吓傻了. 2 [I, Tn] (cause sth to) change into stone （使某物）石化. petrifaction / 9petrI5fkFn; 9pZtrE`fAkFEn/ n [U] petrifying or being petrified 惊呆; 吓呆; 石化. petro- : comb form 构词成分 1 of petrol 石油的: petrochemical. 2 of rocks 岩石的: petrology. petrochemical / 9petrEU5kemIkl; 9pZtro`kZmIkEl/ n [U, C] any of various chemical substances obtained from petroleum or natural gas 石油化学产品: [attrib 作定语] the petrochemical industry 石油化学工业. petrodollar / 5petrEUdClE(r); `pZtro9dBlL/ n US dollar earned by a country that exports petroleum 石油美元（国家出口石油所得的美元）. petrol / 5petrEl; `pZtrEl/ (US gasoline, gas) n [U] inflammable liquid obtained from petroleum by arefining process and used as a fuel in internal-combustionengines 汽油: fill a car up with petrol 给 汽车的油箱灌满汽油* an increase in the price of petrol 汽油价格的提高. petrol bomb device (often a bottle) filled with petrol that explodes when it hits something 汽油弹（常为瓶中注入 汽油者）. petrol station (also filling station, service station)(US gas station) place beside a road where petrol and other goods are sold to motorists 汽车加油站. Cf 参看 garage 2. petrol tank container for petrol in a motor vehicle （机动车的）汽油箱. =>illus at App 1 见附录1 插图, page xii. petroleum / pE5trEUlIEm; pE`trolIEm/ n [U] mineral oil that forms underground and is obtained from wells sunk into the ground, from which petrol, paraffin, diesel oil, etc are obtained by processing 石 油. petroleum jelly (US petrolatum / 9petrE5leItEm;9pZtrE`letEm/) greasy jelly-like substance obtained from petroleum, used in ointments 矿脂; 凡士林. petrology / pE5trClEdVI; pE`trBlEdVI/ n [U] scientific study of rocks 岩石学. petrologist / -dVIst; -dVIst/ n person who specializesin petrology 岩石学家. petticoat / 5petIkEUt; `pZtI9kot/ n woman's or girl's lightweight undergarment of dress length, worn hanging from the shoulders or the waist; slip 衬裙. pettifogging / 5petIfCgIN; `pZtI9fB-IN/ adj (a) (of a person) paying too much attention to unimportant detail, esp in an argument （指人）吹毛求疵的, 挑剔的（尤指在争论中的）. (b) unimportant; trivial 不重要的; 琐碎的: pettifogging details, objections, etc 无关宏旨的细节、异议 等. pettish / 5petIF; `pZtIF/ adj (a) (of a person) childishly bad-tempered or impatient, esp about unimportant things （指人）爱发小孩脾气的, 任性的, 不耐烦的（尤指为小事）. (b) (of a remark or act) said or done in a bad-tempered, petulant way （指言行）发脾气时说的或做的. pettishly adv. pettishness n. [U] petty / 5petI; `pZtI/ adj (-ier, -iest) (derog 贬) 1 small or trivial; unimportant 小的; 琐碎的; 不重 要的: petty details, petty queries, regulations, troubles 细节、小问题、琐碎的规章、小麻烦. 2 (a) concerned with small and unimportant matters 注重琐事的: petty observance of the regulations 遵守规章制度上的细节. (b) having or showing a small mind; mean 狭隘的; 器量小的; 小气的: petty and childish behaviour 小心眼和孩子气的行为 * petty spite 心胸狭窄的怨恨 * a petty desire to have her revenge 她想要报复的狭隘念头* petty about money 金钱上很小气. pettily / 5petIlI; `pZtIlI/ adv. pettiness n. [U]: The pettiness of their criticisms enraged him. 他们鸡毛蒜皮地挑剔, 他十分气愤. petty cash ( usu small) amount of money kept in an office from or for small payments （通常指小额 的）零用现金. petty larceny theft of articles of small value 小偷小摸. petty officer ( abbr 缩写PO) senior non-commissionedofficer in the navy 海军士官. =>App 9 见 附录9. petulant / 5petjUlEnt; ?@ -tFU-; `pZtFElEnt/ adj unreasonably impatient or irritable 性急的; 暴躁的: the petulant demands of spoilt children 宠坏的孩子提出的任性要求. petulantly adv. petulance / -Ens; -Ens/ n [U]: He tore up the manuscript in a fit of petulance. 他一怒之下把手稿撕 碎了. petunia / pE5tju:nIE; ?@ -5tu:-; pE`tunjE/ n garden plant with funnel-shaped flowers in white, pink, purple or red 矮牵牛; 碧冬茄. pew / pju:; pju/ n 1 any of the long bench-like seats with a back and (usu) sides, placed in rows in a church for people to sit on 教堂长椅. =>illus at App 1 见附录1 插图, page viii. 2 (infml joc 口, 谑) seat 座位(used esp in the following expressions 尤用于以下示例): Take/Grab a pew! ie Sit down. 坐下吧! pewit = peewit. pewter / 5pju:tE(r); `pjutL/ n [U] (a) grey metal made by mixing tin with lead, used (esp formerly) for making mugs, dishes, etc 白蜡（锡、铅合金, 尤于旧时用以制缸子、碟等）: [attrib 作定语] pewter goblets, bowls, tankards,etc 白蜡高脚杯、碗、带把啤酒杯等. (b) objects made of this 白蜡制品: a fine collection of old pewter 一批古白蜡器皿. peyote / peI5EUtI; pe`otI/ n 1 [C] type of Mexican cactus; mescal 佩奥特掌（墨西哥仙人掌属植 物）. 2 [U] drug made from this which causes hallucinations; mescaline 仙人球毒硷（取自佩奥特 掌的致幻药）. pfennig / 5fenIg; `fZnI-/ n (German coin of the value of) 100th part of a mark 芬尼（德国硬币, 为一 马克的百分之一）. PG / 9pi: 5dVi:; 9pi `dVi/ abbr 缩写= parental guidence 1 (Brit) (of films) parental guidance, ie containing scenes unsuitable for young children （指电影）须有家长指导观看的（有儿童不宜的镜 头）. 2 paying guest. 搭伙房客. 3 postgraduate （大学的）研究生. phagocyte / 5fAgEsaIt; `fA-E9saIt/ n type of white blood cell capable of protecting the body against infection because it absorbs bacteria （吞）噬细胞. phalanx / 5flANks; `felANks/ n (pl phalanges / fE5lAndVi:z; fE`lAndViz/ or ~es) 1 (in ancient Greece) close formation, esp of infantry ready for battle （古希腊）方阵（尤指步兵作战时的）. 2 number of people standing together to form a compact mass 密集队形: a phalanx of riot police 防暴 警察的密集队伍. 3 (anatomy 解) any of the bones in a finger or toe 指骨; 趾骨. => illus at skeleton 见skeleton 插图. phallus / 5fAlEs; `fAlEs/ n (pl -li / -laI; -laI/ or ~es) (esp in some religions) image of the erect penis as a symbol of the productive power of nature （尤指某些宗教的）视作生殖力象徵的勃起的阴茎 像. phallic / 5fAlIk; `fAlIk/ adj of or like a phallus （似）阴茎像的: phallic imagery, symbolism, symbols, etc 阴茎的意象、象徵、象徵物等. phantasm / 5fAntAzEm; `fAntAzEm/ n (fml 文) 1 thing seen in the imagination; illusion 幻象; 幻 影; 幻觉; 幻想. 2 = phantom. phantasmal / fAn5tAzmEl; fAn`tAzmEl/ adj (fml 文) of or like a phantasm （似）幻象的, 幻影的, 幻觉的, 幻想的: phantasmal images, figures, etc 幻想的形象、人物等. phantasmagoria / 9fAntAzmE5gCrIE; ?@ -5gR:rIE;9fAntAzmE`-RrIE/ n (fml 文) changing scene of real or imagined figures, etc, eg as seen in a dream or created as an effect in a film （真实的或想像 的）变幻情景（如梦中所见的）; 幻觉效应（如电影中的）. phantasmagoric / -5gCrIk; ?@ -5gR:rIk; -`-RrIk/ adj (fml 文) of or like a phantasmagoria （似）变 幻情景的, 幻觉效应的. phantasy = fantasy. phantom / 5fAntEm; `fAntEm/ n 1 (a) (also phantasm) ghostly image or figure; ghost 幽灵; 鬼魂: the phantom of his dead father 他亡父的幽灵 * [attrib 作定语] the legend of the phantom ship 鬼 船的传说. (b) [esp attrib 尤作定语] (joc 谑) person whose actions are known about, but whose identity is (supposedly) not known 知其行为而不知其身分的人: The phantom cake-eater has been here again! 那神出鬼没的偷吃蛋糕的人又来过这儿了! 2 unreal or imagined thing, as seen in a dream or vision; illusion 不真实的或想像的事物; 梦幻之物; 幻觉: [attrib 作定语] the phantom visions created by a tormented mind 受折磨的心灵产生的幻觉* phantom pregnancy, ie condition in which a woman wrongly believes she is pregnant and in which some of the symptoms of pregnancy may appear 精神性假妊娠. Pharaoh / 5feErEU; `fZro/ n (title of the) ruler of ancient Egypt 法老（古埃及国王或其称谓）. pharmaceutical / 9fB:mE5sju:tIkl; ?@ -5su:-; 9fBrmE`sutIkl/ adj of or connected with the making and distribution of drugs and medicines 制药的; 配药的: the pharmaceutical industry 制药工业. pharmaceutics /-Iks; -Iks/ n [sing v] = pharmacy 1. pharmacist / 5fB:mEsIst; `fBrmEsIst/ n (a) person who has been trained to prepare medicines; pharmaceutical chemist 药剂师. (b) person trained in this way, whose job is to sell medicines 药商. Cf 参看 chemist. pharmacology / 9fB:mE5kClEdVI; 9fBrmE`kBlEdVI/ n [U] scientific study of drugs and their use in medicine 药理学; 药物学. pharmacological / 5fB:mEkE5lCdVIkl; 9fBrmEkE`lBdVIkEl/ adj of or concerning pharmacology 药理学的; 药物学的: pharmacological research 药理研究. pharmacologist / -5kClEdVIst; -`kBlEdVIst/ n person who specializes in pharmacology 药理学家; 药物学家. pharmacopoeia / 9fB:mEkE5pi:E; 9fBrmEkE`piE/ n book containing a list of medicinal drugs and directions for their use, esp one officially published for use in a particular country 药典: the British Pharmacopoeia 英国药典. pharmacy / 5fB:mEsI; `fBrmEsI/ n 1 [U] (study of the) preparation and giving out of medicines and drugs 药学; 药剂学; 制药; 配药. 2 [C] (a) place (eg in a hospital) where medicines are prepared and given out; dispensary 药房（如医院中的）. (b) (US drugstore) (part of a) shop where medicines and drugs are sold; chemist's shop 药店; 药房; 医药用品商店. pharynx / 5fArINks; `fArINks/ n (pl pharynges / fE5rIndVi:z; fE`rIn9dViz/ or ~es) (anatomy 解) cavity at the back of the mouth and nose, where the passages to the nose and to the mouth connect with the throat 咽. =>illus at throat 见throat 插图. pharyngitis / 9fArIn5dVaItIs; 9fArIn`dVaItIs/ n [U] (medical 医) inflammation of the pharynx 咽 炎. phase / feIz; fez/ n 1 [C] stage in a process of change or development 阶段; 时期: a phase of history 历史的一个阶段* a critical phase of an illness 疾病的危险期* the most exciting phase of one's career 事业上最得意的时期* The child is going through a difficult phase. 那孩子正经历著 困难的阶段. * (infml 口) It's just a phase (she's going through), eg in childhood or adolescence. 就 是（她正在经历的）那麽一个阶段（如处于儿童时期或青春期）. 2 [C] amount of the bright surface of the moon that is visible at a given time (new moon, full moon, etc) （月球的）位相, 消长盈亏（新 月、满月等）: the phases of the moon 月相. 3 (idm 习语) in/out of phase being/not being in the same state at the same time 同相[异相]; 同步[不同步]; 协调[不协调]: The two sets of traffic lights were out of phase (ie did not show the same change at the same time) and several accidents occurred. 那两组交通灯不同步因而发生了几起事故. phase v. 1 [Tn esp passive 尤用于被动语态] plan or carry out sth in stages 按阶段计画或进行 某事: The modernization of the industry was phased over a 20-year period. 工业现代化分20 年逐步 实现. * a phased withdrawal of troops 分阶段撤军. 2 (phr v) phase sth in introduce sth gradually or in stages 逐步或分阶段引进某事物: The use of lead-free petrol is now being phased in. 无铅汽油 的应用现正逐步推广. phase sth out withdraw or discontinue sth gradually or in stages 逐步或分阶 段撤出或中止某事物: The old currency will have been phased out by 1990. 旧币分阶段至1990 年 将全部禁止流通. PhD / 9pi: eItF 5di:; 9pi etF `di/ abbr 缩写 = Doctor of Philosophy 哲学博士学位; 博士学位: have/be a PhD in History 有历史学博士学位[为历史学博士] * Bill Crofts PhD 比尔·克罗夫茨哲 学博士. Cf 参看 DPhil. pheasant / 5feznt; `fZznt/ n (a) [C] (pl unchanged or ~s 复数或不变或作pheasants) any of several types of long-tailed bird that are often shot for sport and food, the male of which usu has brightly-coloured feathers 雉; 野鸡: a brace of pheasants 一对野鸡. =>illus at App 1 见附录1 插图, page v. (b) [U] its flesh prepared as food 野鸡肉: roast pheasant 烧野鸡. phenobarbitone / 9fi:nEU5bB:bItEUn; 9fino`bBrbI9ton/ n [U] medicinal drug that calms the nerves and helps one to sleep 苯巴比妥（用作镇静剂和催眠药）. phenol / 5fi:nCl; `finRl/ n [U] = carbolic acid. phenomenal / fE5nCmInl; fE`nBmEnl/ adj 1 very remarkable; extraordinary 非凡的; 格外的; 了 不起的: the phenomenal success of the film 影片非常成功* The rocket travels at phenomenal speed. 火箭以惊人的速度飞行. * The response to the appeal fund has been phenomenal. 对呼吁募集基金 的反应格外热烈. 2 (fml 文) of (the nature of) a phenomenon 现象的; 现象性质的. phenomenally / -nElI; -nlI/ adv (infml 口) to an amazing degree 惊人地: Interest in the subject has increased phenomenally. 人们对此事的兴趣激增. phenomenon / fE5nCmInEn; ?@ -nCn; fE`nBmE9nBn/ n (pl -ena / -InE; -EnE/) 1 fact or occurrence, esp in nature or society, that can be perceived by the senses 现象: natural, social, historical, etc phenomena 自然的、社会的、历史的...现象* An eclipse of the moon is a rare phenomenon. 月 蚀是罕见的现象. * Bankruptcy is a common phenomenon in an economic recession. 在经济衰退时 破产是常见的现象. 2 remarkable person, thing or event 非凡的人、物或事: the phenomenon of their rapid rise to power 他们迅速掌权的奇迹. phew / fju:; fju/ (also whew) interj (written representation of a short soft whistling sound made by blowing out or sucking in one's breath, and used to express relief, exhaustion or amazement 呼气或吸 气发出的很短的口哨声, 用以表示松口气、疲劳或惊奇): Phew! That was a nasty moment -- that car nearly hit us. （发出口哨声）当时可真危险--那辆汽车差点撞上我们. phial / 5faIEl; `faIEl/ (also vial) n small glass container, esp one for liquid medicine or perfume 玻璃 的小容器; （尤指）小药水瓶, 小香水瓶. B Phil / 9bi: 5fIl; 9bi `fIl/ abbr 缩写= Bachelor of Philosophy 哲学学士: have/be a B Phil 有哲学 学士学位[为哲学学士] * Jill Green B Phil 哲学学士吉尔·格林. phil(o)- : comb form 构词成分liking or fond of 喜好; 爱好: philanthropy * philology. philander / fI5lAndE(r); fE`lAndL/ v [I, Ipr] ~ (with sb) (usu derog 通常作贬义) (of a man) amuse oneself by flirting with women （指男子）挑逗女子, 与女子调情: He spent his time philandering with the girls in the village. 他把时间花在和村子里的姑娘们调情上了. philanderer / -dErE(r); -dErL/ n (derog 贬) man who does this 挑逗女子或与女子调情的男子: He's a bit of a philanderer -- don't take him too seriously! 他这个人有点轻薄--别跟他太认真! philanthropy / fI5lAnWrEpI; fE`lAnWrEpI/ n [U] (a) concern for the welfare of mankind; benevolence 博爱; 慈善; 仁慈. (b) charitable actions inspired by this 慈善行为; 善事. philanthropic / 9fIlEn5WrCpIk; 9fIlEn`WrBpIk/ adj of or inspired by philanthropy 博爱的; 慈善的; 仁慈的: philanthropic organizations, eg to help poor or disabled people 慈善机构 * philanthropic motives 仁慈的动机. philanthropically / -klI; -klI/ adv. philanthropist / fI5lAnWrEpIst; fE`lAnWrEpIst/ n person who helps others, esp through charitable work or donations of money 帮助他人的人; （尤指）慈善家, 捐款人: The university was founded by a millionaire philanthropist. 这所大学的创建人是位腰缠万贯的慈善家. Cf 参看 misanthropist. philately / fI5lAtElI; fE`lAtlI/ n [U] (hobby of) collecting and studying postage stamps 集邮（的爱 好）. philatelic / 9fIlE5telIk; 9fIlE`tZlIk/ adj. philatelist / fI5lAtElIst; fE`lAtlIst/ n (a) person who collects postage stamps 集邮者. (b) person with expert knowledge of postage stamps 邮票专家. philharmonic / 9fIlB:5mCnIk; 9fIlBr`mBnIk/ adj (esp in names of orchestras, music societies, etc) devoted to or loving music （尤用于管弦乐队、音乐社团等名称中）爱好音乐的: the London Philharmonic Orchestra 伦敦爱乐管弦乐团. philhellene / 9fIl5heli:n; fIl`hZlin/ n, adj (person) friendly to or admiring the Greeks and Greek civilization 爱希腊人及其文明的（人）. philhellenic / 9fIlhe5li:nIk; ?@ -5lenIk; 9fIlhZ`lZnIk/ adj. -philia comb form 构词成分 (forming ns 用以构成名词) 1 (esp abnormal) love of or fondness for （尤指 不正常的）爱, 迷, 癖好. 2 inclination towards 倾向; 亲; 嗜: haemophilia. Cf 参看 -phobia. -phile (also -phil) comb form 构词成分(forming ns and adjs 用以构成名词和形容词) (person who is) fond of 爱好 （者）: Anglophile * bibliophile. Cf 参看 -phobe (-phobia). -philiac ( forming adjs 用以构成形容词). philippic / fI5lIpIk; fI`lIpIk/ n (fml 文) speech bitterly attacking sb; invective （抨击某人的）演说; 痛斥. philistine / 5fIlIstaIn; ?@ -sti:n; `fIlEs9tin/ n person who has no interest in or understanding of the arts, or is hostile to them; uncultured person 对艺术无兴趣或无认识的人; 讨厌艺术的人; 无教养的人: He accused those who criticized his work of being philistines. 他指责那些批评他的作品的人是对 艺术一窍不通. philistine adj. having no interest in or understanding of the arts, or being hostile to them 对艺术无 兴趣的; 不懂艺术的; 讨厌艺术的: The philistine attitude of the public resulted in the work being abandoned. 由于公众对艺术不感兴趣, 那个作品备受冷遇. philistinism / -tInIzEm; -tInIzEm/ n [U]: the philistinismof the popular press 为大众服务的新闻界 对艺术缺乏认识. philology / fI5lClEdVI; fI`lBlEdVI/ n [U] science or studyof the development of language or of a particular language 语文学; 语文研究. Cf 参看 linguistics (linguistic). philological / 9fIlE5lCdVIkl; 9fIlE`lBdVIkl/ adj of or concerning philology 语文学的; 语文研究 的. philologist / fI5lClEdVIst; fI`lBlEdVIst/ n expert in or student of philology 语文学家; 研究语文学 的人. philosopher / fI5lCsEfE(r); fE`lBsEfL/ n 1 (a) person who studies or teaches philosophy 研究或教 授哲学的人; 哲学教师. (b) person who has developed a particular set of philosophical theories and beliefs 哲学家; 思想家: the Greek philosophers 希腊哲学家. 2 (a) person whose mind is untroubled by passions and hardships 不受强烈感情和苦难左右的人; 豁达的人. (b) person whose life is governed by reason 哲人; 贤人. (c) (infml 口) person who thinks deeply about things 善于思 考的人: He's quite a philosopher. 他很爱动脑筋. philosopher's stone imaginary substance which, it was formerly believed by alchemists, would change any metal into gold; elixir 点金石（旧时炼金术士认为能使金属变成黄金的物质）. philosophy / fI5lCsEfI; fE`lBsEfI/ n 1 (a) [U] search for knowledge and understanding of the nature and meaning of the universe and of human life 哲学: moral philosophy, ie study of the principles on which human behaviour is based; ethics 伦理学. (b) [C] any particular set or system of beliefs resulting from this search for knowledge 哲学体系: the philosophy of Aristotle 亚里士多德的哲学 体系* conflicting philosophies 互相矛盾的哲学体系. 2 [C] set of beliefs or an outlook on life that is a guiding principle for behaviour 人生哲学; 生活的信念或原则: a man without a philosophy of life 没有生活信念的人 * Enjoy yourself today and don't worry about tomorrow that's my philosophy! 且享今朝乐, 莫管明朝愁--这就是我的人生哲学! 3 [U] calm quiet attitude towards life even in the face of suffering, danger, etc 即使面对困苦、危险等, 对生活仍持冷静沉著的态度; 达观: The philosophy of the prisoners during their worst sufferings impressed even their captors. 俘 虏们在最困苦时仍处之泰然, 连捉住他们的人都深有感触. philosophical / 9fIlE5sCfIkl; 9fIlE`sBfIkl/ philosophic adjs 1 of or according to philosophy 哲学 的; 根据哲学的: philosophical principles 哲学原则. 2 devoted to philosophy 研究哲学的: philosophical works 哲学著作. 3 ~ (about sth) having or showing the calmness and courage of a philosopher(2); resigned 豁达的; 达观的; 处之泰然的: She seemed fairly philosophical about the loss. 她对所受损失似乎很看得开. * He heard the news with a philosophical smile. 他听到那消息 后若无其事地付之一笑. philosophically / -klI; -klI/ adv: He accepted the verdict philosophically. 他泰然自若地接受了那一 裁决. philosophize, philosophise / fI5lCsEfaIz; fE`lBsE9faIz/ v 1 [I] think or argue as or like a philosopher 像哲学家般思考或辩论. 2 [I, Ipr] ~ (about/on sth) discuss orspeculate 讨论; 思考: They spend their time philosophizingabout the mysteries of life. 他们用很多时间探讨生命的奥秘. philosophy / fI5lCsEfI; fE`lBsEfI/ n 1 (a) [U] search for knowledge and understanding of the nature and meaning of the universe and of human life 哲学: moral philosophy, ie study of the principles on which human behaviour is based; ethics 伦理学. (b) [C] any particular set or system of beliefs resulting from this search for knowledge 哲学体系: the philosophy of Aristotle 亚里士多德的哲学 体系* conflicting philosophies 互相矛盾的哲学体系. 2 [C] set of beliefs or an outlook on life that is a guiding principle for behaviour 人生哲学; 生活的信念或原则: a man without a philosophy of life 没有生活信念的人 * Enjoy yourself today and don't worry about tomorrow that's my philosophy! 且享今朝乐, 莫管明朝愁--这就是我的人生哲学! 3 [U] calm quiet attitude towards life even in the face of suffering, danger, etc 即使面对困苦、危险等, 对生活仍持冷静沉著的态度; 达观: The philosophy of the prisoners during their worst sufferings impressed even their captors. 俘 虏们在最困苦时仍处之泰然, 连捉住他们的人都深有感触. phlebitis / flI5baItIs; flI`baItIs/ n [U] inflammation of a vein 静脉炎. phlegm / flem; flZm/ n [U] 1 thick semi-liquid substance which forms in the air passages, esp when one has a cold, and which can be removed by coughing 痰. 2 (dated or fml 旧或文) quality of being slow to act or react, or to show feeling; calmness 迟钝; 冷漠; 冷静: show considerable phlegm in facing the crisis 面对危机表现得相当冷静. phlegmatic / fleg5mtIk; flZ-`mAtIk/ adj calm and even-tempered; showing the quality of phlegm(2) 冷静而温和的; 迟钝的; 冷漠的: Commuting in the rush-hour requires a phlegmatic temperament. 在上下班交通高峰期间乘坐通勤车要有安之若素的心境. phlegmatically / -klI; -klI/ adv. phlox / flCks; flBks/ n [U] (pl unchanged or ~es 复数或不变或作phloxes) any of several types of garden plant with clusters of reddish, purple or white flowers 福禄考（园艺植物, 花簇生, 呈红色、 紫色或白色）. phobia / 5fEUbIE; `fobIE/ n extreme or abnormal dislike or fear of sth; aversion （对某事物极端的或 反常的）憎恶, 恐惧; 恐怖（症）: learning to control one's phobia about flying 学会克服飞行的恐 惧感* Dislike of snakes or spiders is a common phobia. 害怕蛇或厌恶蜘蛛是很常见的事. -phobia comb form 构词成分 (forming ns 用以构成名词) extreme or abnormal fear of 对...极端的或反常 的恐惧; 恐怖: claustrophobia * hydrophobia * xenophobia. Cf 参看 -philia. -phobe comb form 构词成分 (forming ns 用以构成名词) person who dislikes sth 憎恶某事物的人: Anglophobe * xenophobe. -phobic comb form 构词成分 (forming adjs 用以构成形容词) having or showing extreme or abnormal fear of 对...极端或反常恐惧的: claustrophobic * xenophobic. Cf 参看 -phile (-philia). phoenix / 5fi:nIks; `finIks/ n mythical bird of the Arabian desert, said to live for several hundred years before burning itself and then rising born again from its ashes 长生鸟（神话中的鸟, 在阿拉伯沙漠 中, 可活数百年, 然后自焚为灰而再生）. phon(o)- : comb form 构词成分of sound or sounds 声的; 音的: phonetic * phonograph. phone / fEUn; fon/ n 1 telephone 电话: tell sb sth/order sth over the phone, ie instead of writing 用电话把某事告诉某人[订购某物] * The phone is ringing. 电话铃响了. communicating by phone 通电话 * [attrib 作定语] make a phone call 打电话. 2 (idm 习语) (be) on the `phone (a) (be) talking on the phone 用电话交谈; 在通话: You can't see her now she's on the phone. 你现在不能 见她--她正在打电话. * They've been on the phone for an hour. 他们已通话一小时了. (b) (of a person, business, etc) having a telephone （指人或公司等）有电话: Are you on the phone yet? 你安 电话了吗? phone v. 1 [I, Ip, Tn, Tn.p] ~ (sb) (up) telephone (sb) 给（某人）打电话: Did anybody phone? 有 人打电话来吗? * I'll phone them up now. 我现在给他们打电话. 2 (phr v) phone in telephone (esp one's place of work) 打电话（尤指打至自己的工作处）: phone in sick, ie telephone to say one is absent from work because of illness 打电话请病假. phone book = telephone directory (telephone). phone booth (also phone box) telephone kiosk; call-box 电话亭. phone-in ( Brit) (US call-in) n radio or televisionprogramme in which telephoned questions and commentsfrom listeners or viewers are broadcast （电台或电视台的）听众可来电话的直播节目（向 主持人提问和作评论）: [attrib 作定语] a phone-in show 有听众来电话的直播节目. phone / fEUn; fon/ n (linguistics 语言) single sound (vowel or consonant) in speech 音子; 音素. -phone comb form 构词成分1 (forming ns 用以构成名词) instrument using sound 使用声音的仪器: telephone * dictaphone * xylophone. 2 (forming adjs 用以构成形容词) speaking a particular language 说某种语言的: anglophone * francophone. -phonic comb form 构词成分 (forming adjs 用以构成形容词) of an instrument using sound 使用声音的仪 器的: telephonic. phoneme / 5fEUni:m; `fonim/ n (linguistics 语言) any one of the set of smallest distinctive speech sounds in a language that distinguish one word from another 音位; 音素: English has 24 consonant phonemes. 英语有24 个辅音音素. * In English, the `s' in `sip' and the `z' in `zip' represent two different phonemes. 英语中sip 中的s 和zip 中的z 为两个不同的音素. phonemic / fE5ni:mIk; fE`nimIk/ adj of or concerning phonemes 音位的; 音素的. phonemically / -klI; -kl 庄 adv. phonemics n. [sing v] study of the phonemes of a language 音位学. phonetic / fE5netIk; fE`nZtIk/ adj (linguistics 语言) 1 of or concerning the sounds of human speech 语音的. 2 (of a method of writing speech sounds) using a symbol for each distinct sound or sound unit （指标音法）使用音标的: phonetic symbols, alphabet, transcription 音标、语音字母、标音. 3 (of spelling) corresponding closely to the sounds represented （指拼写）拼写与发音相似的: Spanish spelling is phonetic. 西班牙语的拼写与发音相似. phonetically / -klI; -klI/ adv. phonetician / 9fEUnI5tIFn; 9fonE`tIFEn/ n expert in or student of phonetics 语音学家; 研究语音 学的人. phonetics n. [sing v] study of speech sounds and their production 语音学. phonetic (Jones Vowels) / fE5netIk; fE`nZtIk/ The Jones phonetic symbols （音标）used in this dictionary contains the following vowels and diphthongs. Press the pronunciation button to hear the sounds they represent. 1. i: -- Example: see / si:; si/ 2. I --Example: sit / sIt; sIt/ 3. e -- Example: ten / ten; tZn/ 4. A -- Example: hat / hAt; hAt/ 5. B: -- Example: arm / B:m; Brm/ 6. C -- Example: watch / wCtF; wBtF/ 7. R: -- Example: saw / sR:; sR/ 8. U -- Example: put / pUt; pJt/ 9. u: -- Example: too / tu:; tu/ 10. Q -- Example: cup / kQp; kQp/ 11. \: --Example: fur / f\:(r); f[/ 12. E -- Example: ago / E5gEU; E`-o/ 13. eI -- Example: page / peIdV; pedV/ 14. EU -- Example: home / hEUm; hom/ 15. aI -- Example: five / faIv; faIv/ 16. aU -- Example: now / naU; naJ/ 17. RI -- Example: join / dVRIn; dVRIn/ 18. IE -- Example: near / nIE(r); nIE(r)/ 19. eE -- Example: hair / heE(r); hZE(r)/ 20. UE - Example: tour / tUE(r); tJE(r)/ phonetic (K.K. Vowels) / fE5netIk; fE`nZtIk/ The K.K. phonetic symbols （音标）used in this dictionary contains the following vowels and diphthongs. Press the pronunciation button to hear the sounds they represent. 1. i -- Example: see / si:; si/ 2. I -- Example: sit / sIt; sIt/ 3. e -- Example: ten / ten; tZn/ 4. A -- Example: hat / hAt; hAt/ 5. B -- Example: arm / B:m; Brm/ 6. C -- Example: watch / wCtF; wBtF/ 7. R -- Example: saw / sR:; sR/ 8. J -- Example: put / pUt; pJt/ 9. u -- Example: too / tu:; tu/ 10. Q -- Example: cup / kQp; kQp/ 11. [ -- Example: fur / f\:(r); f[/ 12. E -- Example: ago / E5gEU; E`-o/ 13. e -- Example: page / peIdV; pedV/ 14. o -- Example: home / hEUm; hom/ 15. aI -- Example: five / faIv; faIv/ 16. aJ -- Example: now / naU; naJ/ 17. RI -- Example: join / dVRIn; dVRIn/ 18. IE -- Example: near / nIE(r); nIE(r)/ 19. ZE -- Example: hair / heE(r); hZE(r)/ 20. JE -- Example: tour / tUE(r); tJE(r)/ phonetic (Jones Consonants) / fE5netIk; fE`nZtIk/ The Jones phonetic symbols （音标） used in this dictionary contains the following consonants. Press the pronunciation button to hear the sounds they represent. 1. p -- Example: pen / pen; pZn/ 2. b --Example: bad / bAd; bAd/ 3. t -- Example: tea / ti:; ti/ 4. d -- Example: did / dId; dId/ 5. k -- Example: cat / kAt; kAt/ 6. - -- Example: got / gCt; -Bt/ 7. tF -- Example: chin / tFIn; tFIn/ 8. dV -- Example: June / dVu:n; dVun/ 9. f -- Example: fall / fR:l; fRl/ 10. v -- Example: voice / vRIs; vRIs/ 11. W -- Example: thin / WIn; WIn/ 12. T --Example: then / Ten; TZn/ 13. s -- Example: so / sEU; so/ 14. z -- Example: zoo / zu:; zu/ 15. F -- Example: she / Fi:; Fi/ 16. V -- Example: vision / 5vIVn; `vIVEn/ 17. h --Example: how / haU; haJ/ 18. m -- Example: man / mAn; mAn/ 19. n -- Example: no / nEU; no/ 20. N --Example: sing / sIN; sIN/ 21. l -- Example: leg / leg; lZ-/ 22. r --Example: red / red; rZd/ 23. j --Example: yes / jes; jZs/ 24. w -- Example: wet / wet; wZt/ phonetic (K.K. Consonants) / fE5netIk; fE`nZtIk/ The K.K. phonetic symbols （音标）used in this dictionary contains the following consonants. Press the pronunciation button to hear the sounds they represent. 1. p -- Example: pen / pen; pZn/ 2. b --Example: bad / bAd; bAd/ 3. t -- Example: tea / ti:; ti/ 4. d -- Example: did / dId; dId/ 5. k -- Example: cat / kAt; kAt/ 6. - -- Example: got / gCt; -Bt/ 7. tF -- Example: chin / tFIn; tFIn/ 8. dV -- Example: June / dVu:n; dVun/ 9. f -- Example: fall / fR:l; fRl/ 10. v -- Example: voice / vRIs; vRIs/ 11. W -- Example: thin / WIn; WIn/ 12. T --Example: then / Ten; TZn/ 13. s -- Example: so / sEU; so/ 14. z -- Example: zoo / zu:; zu/ 15. F -- Example: she / Fi:; Fi/ 16. V -- Example: vision / 5vIVn; `vIVEn/ 17. h --Example: how / haU; haJ/ 18. m -- Example: man / mAn; mAn/ 19. n -- Example: no / nEU; no/ 20. N --Example: sing / sIN; sIN/ 21. l -- Example: leg / leg; lZ-/ 22. r --Example: red / red; rZd/ 23. j --Example: yes / jes; jZs/ 24. w -- Example: wet / wet; wZt/ phoney (also phony) / 5fEUnI; `fonI/ adj (-ier -iest) (infml derog 口, 贬) (a) (of a person) pretending or claiming to be what one is not （指某人）假装的, 冒充的: There's something very phoney about him. 他这人有些地方很假. * a phoney doctor, ie a quack doctor 冒牌医生. (b) (of a thing) false or faked （指事物）假的, 伪造的: a phoney American accent 假装的美国腔 * phoney jewels, qualifications, mannerisms 假珠宝、伪资格、矫饰的风格* some phoney excuse for the delay 因延误而找的假藉口* The story sounds phoney to me. 我觉得这件事听起来有假. phoney (also phony) n. (pl ~s) phoney person or thing 冒充者; 伪造物; 膺品: The man's a complete phoney. 这个男子的身分是冒充的. * This diamond is a phoney. 这钻石是假的. phoniness n. [U]. phonic / 5fCnIk; `fBnIk/ adj 1 of or concerning sound 声音的. 2 of or concerning the sounds of speech 语音的. phonograph / 5fEUnEgrB:f; ?@ -grAf; `fonE9-rAf/ n (dated 旧) = record player (record). phonology / fE5nClEdVI; fE`nBlEdVI/ n [U] (linguistics 语言) 1 study of the system of speech sounds, esp in a particular language 音位学, 音韵学, 音系学（尤指某语言的）: a course in phonology 音系学课程. 2 system of sounds in a particular language, esp at a particular pointin its development 语音体系（尤指历时的）: the phonologyof Old English 古英语语音体系. phonological / 9fEUnE5lCdVIkl; 9fonE`lBdVIkl/ adj. phonologist / fE5nClEdVIst; fE`nBlEdVIst/ n expert in or student of phonology 音位学、音韵学、 音系学的专家或研究者. phooey / 5fu:I; `fuI/ interj (infml 口) (expressing contempt, disappointment or a refusal to accept the truth of sth 表示对某事物轻视、失望或不信的叹词). phosgene / 5fCzdVi:n; `fBsdVin/ n [U] poisonous colourless gas used in chemical warfare, and in industry to make dyes, fertilizers, etc 光气; 碳酰氯. phosphate / 5fCsfeIt; `fBsfet/ n (a) [C, U] any salt or compound of phosphoric acid 磷酸盐; 磷酸酯. (b) [C often pl, U 作可数名词时常作复数, 亦作不可数名词] any artificial fertilizer composed of or containing these 磷肥. phosphorescence / 9fCsfE5resns; 9fBsfE`rZsns/ n [U] (a) giving out of light without heat or with so little heat that it cannot be felt 磷光; 磷火; 鬼火. (b) giving out of a faint glow in the dark, eg by certain insects or sea creatures （黑暗中的）微光（如某些昆虫或海洋生物的）. Cf 参看 fluorescence. phosphorescent / -snt; -snt/ adj (a) giving out light without heat 发磷光的. (b) glowing in the dark 在黑暗中发光的. phosphorus / 5fCsfErEs; `fBsfErEs/ n [U] (chemistry 化) (a) pale yellow waxlike poisonous substance that glows in the dark and catches fire easily 磷. (b) red non-poisonous form of this, used for the coating on match heads 红磷. =>App 10 见附录10. phosphoric / fCs5fCrIk; ?@ -5fR:r; fBs`fRrIk/ (also phosphorous / 5fCsfErEs; `fBsfErEs/) adj concerning or containing phosphorus 磷的; 含磷的. photo / 5fEUtEU; `foto/ n (pl ~s / -tEUz; -toz/) (infml 口) = photograph. photo finish (in horse racing) finish of a race where the leading horses are so close together that only a photograph of them passing the winning-post can show which is the winner （马赛中的）摄影定名次（参赛者到达终点时需藉 照片判断名次者）. photo- : comb form 构词成分 1 of light 光的: photoelectric* photosensitize * photosynthesis. 2 of photography 摄影的; 照相的: photocopy * photogenic. photocell / 5fEUtEUsel; `foto9sZl/ n = photoelectric cell (photoelectric). photocopy / 5fEUtEUkCpI; `foto9kBpI/ n photographic copy of (written, printed or graphic work) 照 相复制本; 影印本. Cf 参看 Xerox, Photostat. photocopy v. (pt, pp -pied) (a) [Tn] make a photographic copy of (written, printed or graphic work) 照相复印, 影印（文字、图表等）. (b) [I] make photographic copies of documents, etc 照相复制; 影 印: do some photocopying 影印. photocopier / -pIE(r); -pIL/ n machine for photocopying documents 照相复印机; 影印机. photoelectric / 9fEUtEUI5lektrIk; 9fotoI`lZktrIk/ adj of or using the electrical effects produced by light 光电的. photoelectric cell (also photocell, electric eye) electronic device that uses the effect of light to produce electric current (used eg in photographic light meters and burglar alarms) 光电管; 电眼. photogenic / 9fEUtEU5dVenIk; 9foto`dVZnIk/ adj (a) being a good subject for photography 适于拍 照的: a photogenic sunset, village, kitten 适于拍照的日落、村子、小猫. (b) (of a person) looking attractive in photographs （指人）上相的, 上镜的: I'm not very photogenic. 我这人不大上相. photograph / 5fEUtEgrB:f; ?@ -grAf; `fotE9-rAf/ (also infml 口语作photo) n 1 picture formed by means of the chemical action of light on a specially prepared surface, eg film or a glass plate, and then transferred to specially prepared paper 照片; 相片: take a photograph (of sb/sth) 给（某人[某物]） 拍照. 2 (idm 习语) take a good `photograph look attractive in photographs; be photogenic 照出像 来好看; 上相; 上镜. photograph v. 1 [Tn] take a photograph of (sb/sth) 给（某人[某物]）拍照: photograph the bride, the wedding, a flower 给新娘、婚礼、花拍照. 2 [I] (followed by an adv 后接副词) appear in a certain way in photographs 在照片上显出的某种样子: photograph well/badly 照出来好看[不好看]. photographer/ fE5tCgrEfE(r); fE`tB-rEfL/ n person who takes photographs, esp as a job 摄影者; （尤 指）摄影师: The competition is open to both amateur and professional photographers. 业余的和职业 的摄影者均可参赛. * a newspaper photographer 报社摄影记者* one of the best photographers in the world 世界上最优秀的摄影师之一. Cf 参看 cameraman (camera). photographic / 9fEUtE5grAfIk; 9fotE`-rAfIk/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] 1 of, used in or produced byphotography 摄影（术）的; 摄影用的; 摄制的: photographic equipment, images, records, reproduction 摄影设备、摄影影像、摄制的纪录、照相复制. 2 (of sb's memory) able to remember things in great detail, exactly as they were seen （指某人的记忆）记得详细准确的. photographically / -klI; -klI/ adv. photography / fE5tCgrEfI; fE`tB-rEfI/ n [U] art or process of taking photographs 摄影术; 摄影: black and white/colour/still photography 黑白[彩色/静物]摄影* Her hobby is photography. 她的业 余爱好是摄影. * The photography in the film about arctic wildlife was superb. 那部影片中拍摄的 极地野生动物好看极了. photolithography / 9fEUtEUlI5WCgrEfI; 9fotolI`WB-rEfI/ n [U] process of transferring an image onto a metal plate by a photographic method, and printing from it 照相平版印刷（术）. photon / 5fEUtCn; `fotBn/ n (physics 物) indivisible unit of electromagnetic radiation 光子; 光量子. photosensitive / 9fEUtEU5sensEtIv; 9foto`sZnsEtIv/ adj reacting when exposed to light, esp by changing colour 光敏的; （尤指）感光的: photosensitive paper 感光纸. photosensitize, photosensitise / -taIz; -taIz/ v [Tn] make (sth) photosensitive 使（某物）具感光性; 使光敏. Photostat (also photostat) / 5fEUtEstAt; `fotE9stAt/ n (propr 专利名) photocopy 照相复印件; 影 印本: [attrib 作定语] a Photostat copy 影印件. photostat v. [Tn] make a photocopy of (sth) 照相复印, 影印（文字、图表等）. photosynthesis / 9fEUtEU5sInWEsIs; 9foto`sInWEsIs/ n [U] process by which green plants convert carbon dioxide and water into food using the energy in sunlight 光合作用. Cf 参看 chlorophyll. photosynthesize, photosynthesise / -EsaIz; -E9saIz/ v [Tn] change (eg carbon dioxide or water) into food by photosynthesis 对（如二氧化碳或水）进行光合作用. photosynthetic / -sIn5WetIk; -sIn`WZtIk/ adj. phrase / freIz; frez/ n 1 [C] (a) (grammar) group of words without a verb, esp one that forms part of a sentence 词组; 短语; 片语: `The green car' and `at half past four' are phrases. the green car （绿色的 汽车）和at half past four （在四点半）都是词组. (b) group of words forming a short expression, esp an idiom or a clever, striking way of saying sth 固定词组; （尤指）习语, 成语, 警语, 隽语: an apt, a memorable, a well-chosen, etc phrase 恰当的、值得记住的、选用得切当的...习语 * That's exactly the phrase I was looking for myself. 这就是我一直找的那个成语. 2 [U] way of expressing oneself; style 个人的表达方式; 风格: the poet's beauty of phrase 该诗人表达风格之美. 3 [C] (music 音) short distinct passage forming part of a longer passage 乐句; 分句. 4 (idm 习语) to coin a phrase => coin v. turn a `phrase express oneself in an amusing and witty way 诙谐地表达; 作 妙语. a turn of `phrase way of expressing or describing sth 表达方式; 措词: an interesting, unusual, unpleasant, etc turn of phrase 有趣的、不寻常的、令人不快的...措词. phrasal / 5freIzl; `frezl/ adj (a) of or concerning a phrase 词组的; 短语的; 片语的. (b) in the form of a phrase 词组形式的; 短语形式的: phrasal verbs such as `go in for', `fall over', `blow up' 短语动 词, 如go in for 、 fall over 、 blow up. phrase v. [Tn] 1 express (sth) in words (in the specified way) （以某种方式）措词表达（某事）: phrase one's criticism very carefully 对批评用语字斟句酌* How shall I phrase it? 我用什麽词语 表达呢? * an elegantly phrased compliment 措词优雅的赞语. 2 divide (music) into phrases, esp in performance 将（乐曲）分成乐句（尤指演奏时）. phrasing n [U] 1 (music 音) action or manner of dividing a line into phrases, in composing or performing 乐句划分; 分句法: The singer was criticized for her poor phrasing. 她演唱歌曲时乐句划分失当受到批评. 2 = phraseology a. Oxford Dictionary Translation memory software company ForeignDesk, Okapi Framework, OmegaT, Transolution, AidTransStudio, Cafetran, Déjà Vu (DVX), Heartsome Translation Suite, MemoQ, MetaTexis, Rainbow, SDLX, SDL, STAR Transit, Trados, SDL Trados, Wordfast, WordFisher, Similis, Open Language Tools http://www.transgood.com