TransGood-Translation memory software Trados, SDL, ForeignDesk, Wordfast, WordFisher, Déjà Vu (DVX), 译佳计算机辅助翻译软件, 雅信CAT TransGood, TransMemory, Translation Software Tools, Computer-assisted translation, computer-aided translation, CAT, machine-aided translation, Translation memory software, Terminology management software, Alignment software, Software localization tools, ?bersetzung Software, Logiciels de traduction, Software di traduzione, Traducción de Software, Mémoire de traduction, Tradu??o memória, Memoria de traducción, Memoria di traduzione, Перевод Software, ForeignDesk, Okapi Framework, OmegaT, Transolution, AidTransStudio, Cafetran, Déjà Vu (DVX), Heartsome Translation Suite, MemoQ, MetaTexis, Rainbow, SDLX, SDL, STAR Transit, Trados, SDL Trados, Wordfast, WordFisher, Similis, Open Language Tools, 翻訳ソフトウェア, 翻訳メモリ, 翻译软件 辅助翻译软件 计算机辅助翻译软件 人工智能翻译 翻译工具 专业翻译软件 翻译记忆软件 塔多思 Trados SDL WordFast 雅信CAT 翻译公司 牛津词典 Oxford Dictionary readable / 5ri:dEbl; `ridEbl/ adj 1 that can be read easily or enjoyably 易读的; 读起来令人愉快 的: a highly readable style, essay, article, etc 脍炙人口的风格、随笔、文章等. 2 (of handwriting, etc) that can be read （指笔迹等）能辨认的. Cf 参看 legible. readability / 9ri:dE5bIlEtI; 9ridE`bIlEtI/ n [U]. read only ( computing 计) (of information) that a person can read but not change （指信息）只读: I have read-only access to my bank files. 我用只读方式存取我的银行文件. Cf 参看 random access (random). ,read only `memory (abbr 缩写 ROM) computer memory storing data that cannot be altered or removed and that can be found by random access 只读存储器: The most important programs are in the read only memory. 最重要的程序都在只读存储器中. Cf 参看 random access memory (random). read-out n. [C, U] (computing 计) (act of extracting) information from a memory or storage device 读出. readdress / 9ri:E5dres; `riE`drZs/ (also redirect) v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (to sb/sth) change the address on (a letter, etc) 更改（信件等）的地址: readdress the parcel to her new home 把包裹上的地址改写成她 新居的地址. reader / 5ri:dE(r); `ridL/ n 1 person who reads, esp one who is fond of reading 读者; （尤指）爱好 读书的人: an avid, slow, etc reader 废寝忘食的读者、看书看得慢的人* Happy Christmas to all our readers! eg as a notice in a newspaper, magazine, library, etc 祝全体读者圣诞快乐! （如报刊、 图书馆等的贺词）* He's a great reader of science fiction. 他很喜欢看科学幻想小说. 2 book intended to give students practice in reading 阅读教材; 读物; 读本: graded English readers, eg for foreign learners 分级英语读本（如供外国学习者使用的）. 3 Reader ~ (in sth) (Brit) senior university teacher of a rank immediately below a professor 教授（职位仅次于讲座教授）: Reader in English Literature 英国文学教授. 4 (also publisher's reader) person employed to readand report on the suitability of manuscripts for publication （出版部门的）审稿人. 5 person employed to read and correct proofs at a printer's 校对员. 6 (also lay reader) person appointed to read aloud parts of a service in church （教堂仪式中指定的）朗诵经文者. readership n. 1 [C] ~ (in sth) (Brit) position of a Reader(3) 教授的职位: hold, have a readership in Maths 担任数学教授. 2 [sing] (a) number of readers of a newspaper, periodical, etc （报刊等的） 读者人数: The Daily Echo has a readership of over ten million. 《每日回声报》拥有读者逾一千万 人. (b) number of readers of an author, journalist, etc （作家、新闻工作者的）读者人数: Len Deighton has/commands a large readership. 莱恩·戴顿有很多读者. readily, readiness => ready. reading / 5ri:dIN; `ridIN/ n 1 [U] (a) action of a person who reads 阅读; 朗读: be fond of reading 喜欢读书 * [attrib 作定语] reading matter, ie books, newspapers, etc 阅读材料（书、报等） * have a reading knowledge of French, ie understand it when written 有阅读法语的能力. (b) books, etc intended to be read 读物; 读本: heavy/light reading, ie for study/entertainment 学习[消遣]读物 * Her articles make/are interesting reading for travellers. 她的文章旅行的人很喜欢看. (c) knowledge gained from books 书本知识: a pupil of wide reading 有丰富书本知识的学生. 2 [C] amount indicated or registered by a measuring instrument （仪器上的）读数: readings on a thermometer, dial, etc 温度计、刻度盘等的读数* The readings we took were well above average. 我们记录的读数 远远高于平均数. 3 [C] way in which sth is interpreted or understood （对某事物的）解释, 理解: my reading of this clause in the contract, ie what I think it means 我对合同中这一条款的理解 * Give me your reading of the situation. 告诉我你对局势的看法. 4 [C] variant wording of a text, esp when more than one version of it exists 异文（尤指不同版本的）: different readings (eg by editors) of a speech in Hamlet 《哈姆雷特》剧中一段台词的异文（如经编者改动过的）. 5 [C] (a) entertainment at which sth is read to an audience; passage read in this way 朗诵会; 朗诵的章节: a poetry-/play-reading 诗歌[剧本]朗诵会 * readings from Dickens 狄更斯作品的朗诵片段. (b) formal announcement of sth to an audience 向公众正式宣布的事物; 告白: the reading of a will, marriage banns, etc 遗嘱、结婚等的启事. (c) formal reading aloud of a passage from the Bible （在 仪式上朗读的）《圣经》中的章节: a reading from St John's gospel 选自《约翰福音》的朗读. 6 [C] (in the British parliament) one of the three stages of debate through which a Bill must pass before it is ready for royal assent （英国议会中）一法案在提交国王批准以前须通过的三读之任何一次. reading age one's ability to read, measured by comparing it with the average ability of children of the specified age 阅读年龄（与某年龄儿童的平均阅读能力相比较而测定的某人的阅读能力）: adults with a reading age of eight 有相当于八岁儿童阅读能力的成年人. reading-desk n. desk for supporting a book that is being read （读书用的）书桌. reading-glasses n. [pl] glasses for reading (as contrasted with those for seeing things at a distance) 阅读眼镜（与一般视物所用者有别）. reading-lamp (also `reading-light) n. lamp designed or placed to give light so that a person can read 供阅读使用的灯. reading-room n. room in a library, club, etc set aside for reading 阅览室. readjust / 9ri:E5dVQst; 9riE`dVQst/ v 1 [I, Ipr, Tn, Tn.pr no passive 不用于被动语态] ~ (oneself) (to sth) adapt (oneself) again 使（自己）重新适应: It's hard to readjust (oneself) to life in Britain after working abroad. 在国外工作之后, 很难重新适应英国的生活. * You need time to readjust (to living alone). 你需要些时间才能重新习惯（过单身生活）. 2 [Tn] set or adjust (sth) again 重新安排或 调整（某事物）: readjust the engine tuning, TV set, lighting 调节发动机、电视机、灯光. readjustment n. 1 [U] readjusting or being readjusted 重新适应; 重新调整: go through a period of readjustment 经过一段重新适应的时期. 2 [C] act of readjusting 重新适应; 重新调整: make minor readjustments to the wiring 对线路作些微调整. ready / 5redI; `rZdI/ adj (-ier, -iest) 1 [pred 作表语] ~ (for sth/to do sth) (a) in a fit state for immediate use or action; fully prepared or completed 准备好: get ready for a journey 准备旅行 * I've got my overalls on, so I'm ready to start work. 我已经穿上了长罩衣, 准备开始工作了. * Your dinner is ready. 你的饭已经准备好了. * Ready, steady, go! ie said at the start of a race. 各就各位, 预备, 跑! * `Shall we go?' `I'm ready when you are!' ｀咱们走吗?＇｀我准备好了, 就等你了!＇ (b) (of a person) resolved to do sth; willing and eager （指人）决心做某事的, 愿意并急欲采取行动的: He's always ready to help his friends. 他总是乐于帮助朋友. * Don't be so ready to find fault. 不要 动不动就挑毛病. * The troops were ready for anything. 部队已做好了一切准备. 2 [pred 作表语] ~ to do sth on the point of doing sth; about to do sth 即将做某事; 正要做某事: She looked ready to collapse at any minute. 她看样子随时都可能垮下来. 3 (a) [attrib 作定语] quick and facile; prompt 敏捷的; 立刻行动的: have a ready wit, mind, tongue 头脑机敏、脑子快、口齿伶俐 * a ready answer to the question 对问题的随口而出的回答* a ready solution to the problem 对问题的 当场解决. (b) [pred 作表语] ~ with sth (of a person) quick to give sth （指人）敏于某事物: be too ready with excuses, criticisms, etc 很会找藉口、挑毛病等. 4 within reach; easily available 在可 及范围内; 容易得到: Keep your dictionary ready (to hand) at all times. 把词典时时放在手边. * This account provides you with a ready source of income. 这个户头为你提供了一个现成的收入来 源. * There's a ready market for antiques, ie Buyers are easily found for them. 古董的销路很好（很容 易找到买主）. 5 (idm 习语) make ready (for sth) prepare 做好准备: make ready for the Queen's visit 为女王莅临做好准备. ,ready and `waiting fully prepared and available for a particular task, activity, etc 做好充分准备以执行某任务、进行某活动等. rough and ready => rough. readily / -IlI; -IlI/ adv 1 without hesitation; willingly 毫不迟疑地; 欣然: answer questions readily 毫不迟疑地回答问题. 2 without difficulty; easily 无困难地; 不费事地; 容易地: The sofa can be readily converted into a bed. 这张沙发可以很容易改成床. readiness / 5redInIs; `rZdInIs/ n [U] 1 state of being ready or prepared 有准备; 准备就绪: the troops' readiness for battle 部队的临战状态* have everything in readiness for an early start 为及早 出发做好一切准备* hold oneself in readiness to take control 准备好以便控制. 2 willingness or eagerness 愿意; 乐意: her readiness to help 她乐于助人的品性. 3 quickness and facility; promptness 敏捷; 迅速: readiness of wit 机智. ready n. 1 the ready [sing] (also readies [pl]) (infml 口) available money; cash 现款; 现金: not have enough of the ready 现金不足. 2 (idm 习语) at the `ready (a) (of a rifle) in the position for aiming and firing （指步枪）瞄准目标准备射击. (b) ready for immediate action or use 准备立即行 动; 随时可用: reserve troops held at the ready 准备投入战斗的预备役部队* He had his camera at the ready. 他把照相机准备好, 可随时拍摄. ready adv (used before a past participle 用于过去分词之前) beforehand; already 预先; 已经: ready cooked, mixed, etc 预先做熟的、混合好的等. ready v. (pt, pp -died) [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth (for sth) make sb/sth ready; prepare sb/sth 使某人[某事 物]做好准备: ships readied for battle 作好战斗准备的舰艇. ready-made adj. 1 (esp of clothes) made in standardsizes, not to any particular customer's measurements （尤指衣服）现成的: a ,ready-made `suit 一套成衣. 2 (a) of a standard type 标准 型的: buy ,ready-made ,Christmasdeco`rations 购买配套的圣诞节饰物. (b) (fig derog 比喻, 贬) not original 非独创的; 陈腐的: come to a subject with ready-made ideas 用旧思想来对待问题. very appropriate; ideal 恰当的; 理想的: a ready-made answer to the problem 对该问题的妥善解决 办法. ready money (also ready cash) ( infml 口) actual coins and notes; immediate payment (instead of credit) 现款; （立即支付的）现金: payment in ready money 现金支付. ready reckoner book, table, etc of answers to calculations of the type most commonly needed in business 计算便览; 简便计算表. reaffirm / 9ri:E5f\:m; 9riE`f[m/ v [Tn, Tf] state (sth) positively again; affirm again 重申（某事物）; 再 确认: reaffirm one's loyalty 重申个人的忠诚* She reaffirmed that she was prepared to help. 她再 次表明她乐于提供帮助. reafforest / 9ri:E5fCrIst; ?@ -5fR:r-; 9riE`fRrEst/ (US reforest / 9ri:5fCrIst; ?@ -5fR:r-; ri`fRrIst/) v [Tn] replant (an area of land) with forest trees 在（某地）重新造林. reafforestation / 9ri:E9fCrI5steIFn; ?@ -9fR:r-; 9riEfRrEs`teFEn/ (US reforestation / 9ri:9fCr-; ?@ -9fR:r-; 9rifRr-/) n [U]. reagent / ri:5eIdVEnt; ri`edVEnt/ n (chemistry 化) substance used to cause a chemical reaction, esp to detect another substance 试药; 试剂; 反应物. real / rIEl; `rIEl/ adj 1 (a) existing as a thing or occurring as a fact; not imagined or supposed 确实 的; 实在的: real and imagined fears, illnesses, achievements 确实的和想像的恐惧、疾病、成就 * Was it a real person you saw or a ghost? 你看见的是真人还是鬼? * The growth of violent crime is a very real problem. 暴力犯罪的增加是个非常现实的问题. (b) [attrib 作定语] not apparent; actual or true 真实的; 真正的: Real life is sometimes stranger than fiction. 现实生活有时比小说还离奇. * Who is the real manager of the firm (ie the person who effectively runs it)? 谁是这家商行真正管 事的经理? * The doctors couldn't bring about a real (ie permanent) cure. 这些医生都无根治良方. * Tell me the real reason. 把真正的原因告诉我. 2 not imitation; genuine 非模仿的; 真的: real silk, gold, pearls, etc 真丝、真金、真正的珍珠* Is that real hair or a wig? 那是真发还是假发? 3 [attrib 作定语] (of incomes, values, etc) assessed by their purchasing power （指收入、价值等）按 购买力衡量的: Real incomes have gone up by 10% in the past year. 去年实际收入提高了10%. * This represents a reduction of 5% in real terms, ie when inflation, etc has been allowed for. 这相当于 实际上减少了5%（考虑到通货膨胀等因素）. 4 (idm 习语) for `real (infml 口) (a) seriously; in earnest 严肃地; 认真地: This isn't a practice game; we're playing for real. 这可不是练习; 我们是 在认真地比赛. (b) genuine 真正的: I don't think her tears were for real. 我认为她的眼泪不是真的. the ,real `thing/Mc`Coy/ mE5kRI; mE`kRI/ (infml 口) (a) the ultimate experience, achievement, etc 了不起的经历、成就等: Marathons are the real McCoy these little jogs are no challenge at all. 马 拉松赛跑才是真玩意儿--这些慢跑根本不算回事. (b) the authentic article 真货色: Bottled lemon juice is no good you must use the real thing. 瓶装柠檬汁可不行--你得用真货. real adv (US or Scot infml 用于美国或苏格兰, 口) very; really 非常; 的确: have a real fine time, a real good laugh 玩得、笑得非常痛快* I'm real sorry. 我非常抱歉. real ale ( Brit) draught ale or beer that is made and stored in the traditional way （按传统方法酿造 及储存的）散装麦芽啤酒或普通啤酒. real estate 1 (also realty, real property) (law 律) immovable property, consisting of land, buildings, etc 不动产. Cf 参看personal property (personal). 2 (US) (business of selling) houses, land for building, etc 房 屋、建房用地等（的销售业务）. real number ( mathematics 数) number that has no imaginary part 实数. real tennis (also royal tennis) ancient form of tennis played in an indoor court 纯网球, 宫廷网球, 皇家网球（古时在室内场地进 行的）. real time ( computing 计) (of a system) that can receive continually changing data from outside sources, process this rapidly, and supply results that influence the sources 实时. realign / 9ri:E5laIn; 9riE`laIn/ v 1 [Tn] bring (sth) into a new or former arrangement; align again 使 （某事物）（按新的或原先的方式）重新排列: realign ranks of troops 重整部队队形 * The chairs were realigned to face the stage. 椅子已重新排好面向舞台. 2 [I, Ipr, Tn, Tn.pr no passive 不用于 被动语态] ~ (oneself) (with sth) (esp politics 尤用于政治) form into new groups; reorganize 重组; 改组; 整编: The party may realign (itself) with Labour in a new coalition. 该党可能与工党重新组 成新的联盟. realignment n. [U, C]: the realignment of car wheels 对汽车轮的重新校整* various realignments in political parties 政治派别中各种各样的重新组合. realize, realise / 5rIElaIz; `rIE9laIz/ v 1 [Tn, Tf, Tw no passive 不用于被动语态] (not used in the continuous tenses 不用于进行时态) be fully aware of or accept (sth) as a fact; understand 认识到或 承认（某事物）属实; 了解到: realize one's mistake 认识到自己的错误* realize the extent of the damage 了解到破坏的程度* She realized that he had been lying. 她明白了他一直在说谎. * I fully realize why you did it. 我完全了解你为什麽要做这事. 2 [Tn esp passive 尤用于被动语态] convert (plans, etc) into reality 实现（计画等）: realize one's hopes, ambitions, etc 实现自己的希望、 抱负等* Her worst fears were realized, ie The things she was most afraid would happen did happen. 她最担心的事情终于发生了. 3 (fml 文) (a) [Tn] convert (property, shares, etc) into money by selling 变卖（财产、股票等）: realize one's assets 变卖自己的财产* Can these bonds berealized at short notice? 这些债券能在短期内兑现吗? (b)[Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (on sth) (of goods, etc) be sold for (a price); (of a person) sell sth for (a price) （指货物等）卖得（某价钱）; （指人）将某物卖得（某 价钱）: The furniture realized 900 at the sale. 拍卖这家具获900 英镑. * How much did you realize on those paintings? 那些画你卖了多少钱? realizable, realisable / -Ebl; -Ebl/ adj that can be realized (realize 2) 可实现的. realization, realisation / 9rIElaI5zeIFn; ?@ -lI5z-; 9rIElE`zeFEn/ n 1 [U] realizing (facts, hopes, plans, etc) （事情等）发生;（希望、计画等）实现: I was struck by the sudden realization that I would probably never see her again. 我突然意识到可能再也见不到她了. 2 [U] converting property into money 变卖财产. realism / 5rIElIzEm; `rIEl9IzEm/ n [U] 1 attitudes and behaviour based on the acceptance of facts and the rejection of sentiment and illusion 现实主义的态度和行为. 2 (in art and literature) portrayal of familiar things as they really are without idealizing them （文艺的）现实主义, 写实主 义. Cf 参看 classicism, romanticism (romantic). 3 (philosophy 哲) theory that matter has real existence independent of our perception of it 唯实论; 实在论. Cf 参看 idealism. realist n. 1 writer, painter, etc whose work shows realism(2) 现实主义的作家、画家等: [attrib 作定语] a realist writer, novel, style . 2person who shows realism(1) in his attitudes and behaviour 现实主义者: I'm a realist I know you can't change people's attitudes overnight. 我是实事 求是的人--知道不可能在一夜之间改变人们的看法. realistic / 9rIE5lIstIk; 9rIE`lIstIk/ adj 1 (in art and literature) showing realism(2) （文艺的）现实 主义的, 写实主义的. 2 based on facts rather than on sentiment or illusion; practical 实事求是的: a realistic person, attitude 实事求是的人、态度 * Be realistic you can't expect a big salary at eighteen. 实际一点吧--你别指望十八岁就能挣高薪. 3 (of wages or prices) high enough to pay the worker or seller adequately （指工资或价格）够高的: Is this a realistic salary for such a responsible job? 这种工作责任重大, 这份薪水够高吗? realistically / -klI; -klI/ adv. reality / rIA5lEtI; rI`AlEtI/ n 1 [U] quality of being real or of resembling an original 真实（性）: the lifelike reality of his paintings 他的绘画作品中表现的真实性. 2 [U] all that is real; the real world, as contrasted with ideals and illusions 现实; 现实世界: bring sb back to reality, ie make him give up his illusions 使某人面对现实* escape from the reality of everyday existence 逃避现实 * face (up to) (ie accept) reality 正视（承认）现实. 3 [C often pl 常作复数] thing that is actually experienced or seen; thing that is real 实际经历或目睹过的事物: the harsh realities (eg poverty, misery, etc) of unemployment 失业的严酷现实* He cannot grasp the realities of the situation. 他未能掌握实际情 况. * The plan will soon become a reality, ie will be carried out. 这计画不久就要化为现实. 4 (idm 习语) in re`ality in actual fact; really 事实上; 实际上: The house looks very old, but in reality it's quite new. 这房子看起来很旧, 实际上很新. really / 5rIElI; `rIElI/ adv 1 in reality; truly 事实上; 实际上; 真正地; 真实地; 的确; 确实: What do you really think about it? 你对那件事究竟是怎样想的? * Your name is on the car's documents, but who really owns it? 汽车登记证上倒是写著你的名字, 但真正的车主是谁? * Do you love him really (and truly)? 你爱他吗--确实爱他吗? 2 thoroughly; very 完全地; 非常: a really charming person 很讨人喜欢的人* a really cold, fast, long, etc journey 非常冷、快、长等的一次旅行. (used to express interest, surprise, mild protest, doubt, etc 用以表示兴趣、惊奇、异议、怀疑等): `We're going to Japan next month.' `Oh, really?' ｀我们下个月要去日本.＇｀啊, 真的吗?＇ * You `really shouldn't smoke. 你真不该吸烟. * `Shut up!' `Well, really!' ｀住口!＇｀哎呀, 怎麽啦!＇ * `She's going to resign.' `Really? Are you sure?' ｀她打算辞职了.＇｀真的? 这话有把握吗?＇ realm / relm; rZlm/ n 1 (fml or rhet 文或修辞) kingdom 王国: the defence of the realm 捍卫国家 * coins, peers, laws of the realm 王国的钱币、贵族、法律. 2 (fig 比喻) field of activity or interest; sphere （活动或兴趣的）领域, 范围: in the realm of literature, science, etc 在文学、科学 等领域里* the realms of the imagination 想像的境界. realpolitik / 9reIAl5pClItIk; re`Bl9polI9tik/ n [U] (German 德) approach to politics based on realities and material needs, not on morals or ideals 现实政治, 实力政策（从现实及物质需要出发而不顾及 道义与理想）. realtor / 5rIEltE(r); `rIEltL/ n (US) = estate agent (estate). realty / 5rIEltI; `riEltI/ n = real estate (real). ream / ri:m; rim/ n 1 [C] 500 or 516 (formerly 480) sheets of paper 令（纸张的计数单位, 旧为 480 张, 现为 500 或 516 张）. Cf 参看quire. 2 reams [pl] (infml fig 口, 比喻) large quantity (of writing) 许多（文字）: write reams (and reams) of bad verse 写出很多（很多）坏诗. reap / ri:p; rip/ v 1 [I, Tn] cut and gather (a crop, esp grain) as harvest 收割（庄稼, 尤指谷物）; 收 获: reap (a field of) barley 收割（田里的）大麦. 2 [Tn] (fig 比喻) receive (sth) as a result of one's own or others' actions （因自己或他人所为）获得（某事物）: reap the reward of years of study 从 多年研究中获得报偿* reap the fruits of one's actions 获得自己努力的成果. 3 (idm 习语) (,sow the `wind and) ,reap the `whirlwind (saying 谚) (start sth that seems fairly harmless and) have to suffer unforeseen consequences that are serious or disastrous 播种的是风, 收割的是暴风; （原无大 害的事）后果却不堪设想. reaper n. 1 person who reaps 收割者; 收获者. 2 machine for reaping 收割机. reaping-hook n. sickle 镰刀. reappear / 9ri:E5pIE(r); 9riE`pIr/ v [I] appear again (afterbeing absent or not visible) 再出现; 再现. reappearance /-rEns; -rEns/ n [U, C]. reappraisal / 9ri:E5preIzl; 9riE`prezl/ n [U, C] action of re-examining sth to see whether it or one's attitude to it should be changed; re-evaluation 重新考虑; 重新评价: a reappraisal of the situation, problem, etc 对情况、问题等的重新考虑* a radical reappraisal of our trade with China 对我们同 中国的贸易彻底的重新估价. rear / rIE(r); rIr/ n 1 (usu 通常作the rear) [sing] the back part 后部; 后面; 背后: a kitchen in/at/to the rear of the house 在房子后部的厨房* a view of the house taken from the rear 房子的后 视景* attack the enemy's rear 攻击敌人的后部 * [attrib 作定语] a car's rear doors, lights, wheels, window 汽车的后门、尾灯、后轮、后窗. 2 [C] (infml euph 口, 婉) buttocks 臀部; 屁股: a kick in/on the rear 踢屁股一脚. 3 (idm 习语) ,bring up the `rear be or come last, eg in a procession, race, etc 处于在最后的位置, 殿后（如列队行进、赛跑等）. rearmost / 5rIEmEUst; `rIr9most/ adj furthest back 最后的: the rearmost section of the aircraft 飞 机的最后一段机身. rearward / 5rIEwEd; `rIrwLd/ n [U] the rear (used esp in the expressions shown) 后部, 后面（尤用 于以下示例）: to rearward of (ie some distance behind) sth 在某物之后* in the rearward, ie at the back 在后部. rearwards / 5rIEwEdz; `rIrwLdz/ (also rearward) adv towards the rear 向后: move the troops rearwards 使部队向后移动. rear-admiral / 9rIEr 5dmErEl; 9rIr`AdmErEl/ n navalofficer holding a rank between those of commodore and vice-admiral 海军少将: Rear Admiral (Tom) King （汤姆·）金海军少将. =>App 9 见附录9. rearguard n. (usu the rearguard) [CGp] body of troops sent to guard the rear of an army, esp when it is retreating 后卫部队（尤指军队撤退时的）. Cf 参看 vanguard. `rearguard action 1 fight between an army in retreat and the enemy 后卫战斗（后撤的部队与敌军之间的战斗）. 2 (fig 比 喻) struggle continued even when it is unlikely to succeed 即使无望取胜也要继续进行的斗争: The government is fighting a rearguard action against the mass of public opinion. 政府冒天下之大不韪 负隅顽抗. rear-view mirror mirror in which a driver can see traffic, etc behind him 后视镜（供司机观察后面情况的）. =>illus at App 1 见附录1 插图, page xii. rear / rIE(r); rIr/ v 1 [Tn] (a) (esp Brit) bring up and educate (children, etc) 养育（子女等）: rear a family 养家. (b) breed and look after (sheep, poultry, etc); grow or produce (crops) 饲养（羊、家禽 等）; 种植（作物）. Cf 参看raise 6. 2 [I, Ip] ~ (up) (of a horse, etc) raise itself on its hind legs （指 马等）用后腿站立: The horse reared (up) in fright. 那马因受惊而用后腿直立（起来）. 3 [Tn] raise (esp one's head) 抬起（尤指头）: The snake reared its head. 那蛇扬起了头. * (fig 比喻) terrorism rearing its ugly head again 再次嚣张起来的恐怖主义. rearm / 9ri:5B:m; ri`Brm/ v [I, Ipr, Tn, Tn.pr] ~ (sb/sth) (with sth) supply (an army, etc) with weapons again or with better weapons 重新武装或装备（军队等）; 给（军队等）更新装备. rearmament / ri:5B:mEmEnt; ri`BrmEmEnt/ n [U]. rearrange / 9ri:E5reIndV; 9riE`rendV/ v [Tn] 1 place (sth) in a different way or order 重新安排（某 物）; 改变（某物）的秩序: rearrange the furniture, one's books, etc 重新摆放家具、重新整理自 己的书* Do you like the way I've rearranged the room? 我把房间这样重新布置了一下, 你觉得怎 样? 2 change (plans, etc) that have already been made 改变既定的（计画等）: Let's rearrange the match for next Saturday. 咱们把比赛重新安排在下星期六举行吧. rearrangement n. [U, C]: make some rearrangements 做些新安排. reason / 5ri:zn; `rizn/ n 1 [C, U] ~ (for sth/doing sth); ~ (to do sth); ~ (why.../that...) (fact put forward as or serving as the) cause of, motive for or justification for sth 原因; 动机; 理由: for one/some reason or other 由于某种原因* have adequate/sufficient reason for doing sth 有充分的[足够的]理 由做某事* all the more reason for doing/to do sth 做某事的更为充足的理由* Give me your reasons for going/the reasons foryour going. 告诉我你去的动机. * There is/We have (good) reason to believe that he is lying. 有[我们有（充分的）] 理由认为他说谎. * Is there any (particular) reason why you can't come? 你有什麽（特殊的）原因不能来? * The reason why I'm late is that/because I missed the bus. 我迟到的原因是没赶上公共汽车. * My reason is that the cost will be too high. 我的理由 是费用太高. * We aren't going, for the simple reason that we can't afford it. 我们不去, 原因很简单: 我们负担不起. * She complained, with reason (ie rightly), that she had been underpaid. 她抱怨她工 资一直很低, 这也不无道理. =>Usage 见所附用法. 2 [U] power of the mind to think, understand, form opinions, etc 思考、理解、推想等的能力; 理性: Only man has reason. 只有人类才有理性. 3 one's/sb's reason [sing] one's/sb's sanity 自己的[某人的]理智: lose one's reason/senses, ie go mad 失去理智（即发疯）* We feared for her reason, ie were afraid that she might go mad. 我们担心她 可能失去理智. 4 [U] what is right or practical or possible; common sense or judgement 道理; 情 理; 明智; 常识; 常理: see/listen to/hear/be open to (ie be prepared to accept) reason 讲道理（服理） * There's a good deal of reason in what you say. 你的话很有道理. 5 (idm 习语) be,yond/,past all `reason not reasonable or acceptable 不合道理的; 无法接受的: Her outrageous remarks were/went beyond all reason. 她那些无礼的话全无道理. ,bring sb to `reason; ,make sb see `reason make sb stop acting foolishly, resisting uselessly, etc 使某人停止愚蠢的举动、无谓的抵抗等. by reason of sth (fml 文) because of sth 因为或由于某事物: He was excused by reason of his age. 他因年高而 获宥. for reasons/some reason best known to one`self (esp joc 尤作戏谑语) for reasons that are hard for others to understand or discover 出于惟本人才知道的原因: For reasons best known to himself, he drinks tea from a beer glass. 谁都猜不透他为什麽要用啤酒杯子喝茶. (do anything) in/within `reason sensible or reasonable 理智的; 合理的: I'll do anything within reason to earn my living. 为 了谋生, 只要是正当的事我什麽事都做. lose all reason => lose. rhyme or reason => rhyme n. it/that ,stands to `reason it/that is obvious to everyone 这是人人都清楚的: It stands to reason that nobody will work without pay. 做工作不能白做, 这是明摆著的事. reason NOTE ON USAGE 用法: A cause (of something) is what makes something happen *cause 指 事物发生的原因: The police are investigating the cause of the explosion. 警方正在调查爆炸的原因. * The causes of the First World War. 第一次世界大战的起因. Reason (for something) has a wider use. *reason 一词用法较广. It can be the explanation that people give for why something is done 可 用以解释做某事的原因或理由: What was the reason for his resignation? ? * She didn't give any reasons for leaving. 她未做任何解释就走了. Reason, justification and cause (for something) can indicate that the explanation is acceptable to people in general, or reasonable *reason 、 justification 、 cause 三词均指用以解释的理由是一般人都可以接受的, 或曰reasonable: The police had no reason to suspect him/no justification for suspecting him/no cause for suspicion (ie They didn't suspect him or shouldn't have suspected him). 警方是没有理由怀疑他的（即: 警方未怀疑他或不该怀疑他）. 　?BGround is the formal, especially legal, justification for an action. *ground 是用于较庄重场合的 另一同义词, 尤用于法律文件中. It is commonly used in the plural 此词常用作复数: Boredom is not a ground for divorce. 日久生厌不能成为离婚的理由. * I left my job on medical grounds. 我 由于健康原因而辞去了工作. A motive for doing something is a feeling or desire within people which makes them act *motive 指想做某事的感觉或愿望: He claimed that his motive for stealing was hunger. 他说他因为饿才去偷东西. * The crime seemed to have been committed without (a) motive. 这一罪案似乎并无作案动机. reason / 5ri:zn; `rizn/ v 1 (a) [I] use one's power to think, understand, form opinions, etc 思考; 理解; 推理: man's ability to reason 人的思考能力. (b) [Tf no passive 不用于被动语态] conclude or state as a step in this process 推论; 推断: He reasoned that if we started at dawn, we would be there by noon. 他推断, 我们要是黎明出发, 中午就能到. 2 (phr v) reason sb into/out of sth persuade sb by argument to do/not to do sth 以理说服某人做[不做]某事: reason sb out of his fears 劝说某人消除 恐惧* She was reasoned into a sensible course of action. 她听人劝而采取了理智的做法. reason sth out find an answer to (a problem, etc) by considering various possible solutions 考虑各种可能性 以找出对（问题等）的解决办法: The detective tried to reason out how the thief had escaped. 这个 侦探反复琢磨想弄明白那个窃贼是怎样逃跑的. reason with sb argue in order to convince or persuade sb 为说服某人而与之理论: I reasoned with her for hours about the danger, but she would not change her mind. 我跟她争辩了几个小时,想让她认识到危险性, 但她就是不听. * There's no reasoning with that woman, ie She won't listen to arguments. 那个女人简直不可理喻. reasoned adj. [attrib 作定语] (of an argument, etc) presented in a logical way （指论据等）合乎逻 辑的: a reasoned approach to the problem 处理该问题的合理的方法* She put a (well-)reasoned case for increasing the fees. 对于岣叻延? 她提出了（非常）充分的理由. reasoning n. [U] act or process of using one's reason1(2); arguments produced when doing this 运用 思考、理解、推想等能力的做法或过程; 推理: great power/strength of reasoning 极强的推理能 力* Your reasoning on this point is faulty. 你在这一点上的推论是错误的. reasonable / 5ri:znEbl; `riznEbl/ adj 1 (a) (of people) ready to use or listen to reason; sensible （指 人）讲理的, 明事理的: No reasonable person could refuse. 凡是明事理的人都不会拒绝此事. * She's perfectly reasonable in her demands. 她的要求完全合情合理. (b) (of emotions, opinions, etc) in accordance with reason; not absurd; logical （指情感、见解等）合情理的, 不荒谬的, 合逻辑 的: a reasonable suspicion, fear, belief, etc 不无道理的怀疑、恐惧、信念等* a reasonable attitude, conclusion 合乎情理的态度、结论* It's not reasonable to expect a child to understand sarcasm. 希 望孩子明白讽刺的意义, 未免脱离实际. * Is the accused guilty beyond all reasonable doubt? 判定 被告有罪是否毫无怀疑余地? 2 (a) not unfair or expecting too much; moderate 公平的; 不过分的; 适度的: a reasonable fee, offer, claim 公平合理的费用、出价、要求. (b) (of prices, etc) not too expensive; acceptable （指价格等）不太贵的, 公道的: Ten pounds for a good dictionary seems reasonable enough. 花十镑买一部好词典算是够公道的了. 3 [esp attrib 尤作定语] tolerable; average 还可以的; 平均水平的: reasonable weather, health, food 过得去的天气、健康状况、食 物* There's a reasonable chance that he'll come. 他还是有可能来的. * reasonable expectations of success 对取得成功所抱有的并非捕风捉影的希望. reasonableness n. [U]. reasonably / -EblI; -EblI/ adv 1 in a reasonable way 合理地; 合乎逻辑地; 有理由地: discuss the matter calmlyand reasonably 冷静而有理性地讨论问题. 2 moderately,acceptably or tolerably; fairly or quite 适度地; 尚可; 过得去; 公平地; 相当地: reasonably good, cheap, intelligent 相当 好、便宜、聪明* a reasonably-priced book 售价公道的书* He seems reasonably satisfied with it. 他看来对此相当满意. reassure / 9ri:E5FR:(r); ?@ -5FUEr; 9riE`FJr/ v [Tn, Tn.pr, Dn.f] ~ sb (about sth) remove sb's fears or doubts; make sb confident again 消除某人的恐惧或疑虑; 恢复某人的信心; 使某人放心: The police reassured her about her child's safety. 警方让她放心, 她的孩子很安全. * A glance in the mirror reassured him that his tie wasn't crooked. 他照了一下镜子, 领带确实没有戴歪. reassurance / -rEns; -rEns/ n 1 [U] reassuring or being reassured 消除恐惧或疑虑; 恢复信心; 放 心: want, need, demand, etc reassurance, eg from a doctor about one's health 需要消除疑虑（如经医 生证实身体健康）. 2 [C] thing that reassures 使人消除恐惧或疑虑的事物; 使人恢复信心的事物: numerous reassurances that we were safe 消除我们的疑虑使我们感到安全的事物. reassuring adj. that reassures 使人消除恐惧或疑虑的; 使人放心的: a reassuring glance, word, pat on the back 使人恢复信心的目光、话、轻拍一下背部. reassuringly adv. rebate / 5ri:beIt; `ribet/ n amount by which a debt, tax, etc can be reduced; discount or partial refund （债、税等的）可减免的款额; 折扣; 部分退款: qualify for a rate/rent/tax rebate 有资格获得房 地产税[租金/所得税]的部分退款* offer a rebate of 1.50 for early settlement, ie of an account, a bill, etc 及早结帐有1.50 英镑的折扣. Cf 参看 discount1. rebel / 5rebl; `rZbl/ n (a) person who fights against, or refuses to serve, the established government 反 政府的人; 拒不为政府效劳的人; 反叛者; 造反者: [attrib 作定语] rebel forces 叛军. (b) person who resists authority or control 反抗权威的人; 抗拒控制的人; 叛逆者: She has always been a bit of a rebel. 她总是有点桀骜不驯. rebel / rI5bel; rI`bZl/ v (-ll-) [I, Ipr] ~ (against sb/sth) 1 fight against or resist the established government 反抗政府; 反叛; 造反. 2 resist authority or control; protest strongly 反抗权威; 抗拒 控制; 叛逆; 强烈抗议: Such treatment would make anyone rebel. 谁受这样的对待都得反抗. * He finally rebelled against his strict upbringing. 他终于起来反抗那种严厉管教他的方式. rebellion / rI5belIEn; rI`bZljEn/ n ~ (against sb/sth) 1 [U] open (esp armed) resistance to the established government; resistance to authority or control 对政府的公开（尤指武装）反抗; 对权威 的反抗; 对控制的抗拒; 反叛; 造反; 叛逆: rise (up) in open rebellion 起来造反. 2 [C] act of rebelling 反叛行动: five rebellions in two years 两年中的五次叛乱. rebellious / rI5belIEs; rI`bZljEs/ adj showing a desire to rebel; not easily controlled 显示反叛欲望 的; 叛逆的; 难以控制的: rebellious tribes 反叛部落* rebellious acts, activities, behaviour, etc 叛 逆的行动、活动、行为等* a child with a rebellious temperament 倔强的孩子. rebelliously adv. rebelliousness n. [U]. rebind / 9ri:5baInd; ri`baInd/ v (pt, pp rebound / 9ri:5baUnd; ri`baJnd/) [Tn] put a new binding on (a book, etc) 重新装订（书等）. rebirth / 9ri:5b\:W; ri`b[W/ n [sing] 1 spiritual renewal or enlightenment caused by religious conversion, etc （皈依后等精神上的）再生, 新生, 启蒙. 2 revival 复活; 复兴: the rebirth of learning, eg in the Renaissance 学术之再度繁荣（如文艺复兴时期的）. reborn / 9ri:5bR:n; ri`bRrn/ adj [pred 作表语] 1 spirituallyrenewed or enlightened （精神上）再生, 新生, 启蒙. Cf 参看born-again (born). 2 brought back to life; revived 重新获得生命; 复活: The old man felt reborn in his children. 这个老人觉得在他的孩子们身上获得了新生. rebound / rI5baUnd; rI`baJnd/ v 1 [I, Ipr] ~ (against/from/off sth) spring or bounce back after hitting sth 弹回; 反弹: The ball rebounded from/off the wall into the pond. 球从墙上弹回来掉进池里. 2 [I, Ipr] ~ (on sb) have an adverse effect on (the doer); misfire 对（施动者）产生反作用; 未能奏效: The scheme rebounded on her in a way she had not expected. 她未曾想到这计谋反倒使她自食其 果. rebound / 5ri:baUnd; `ri9baJnd/ n (idm 习语) on the `rebound (from sth) (a) while bouncing back 在弹回时: hit a ball on the rebound 击弹回的球. (b) (fig 比喻) while still affected by disappointment, depression, etc 失望、沮丧等之余: She quarrelled with Paul and then married Peter on the rebound. 她和保罗争吵后愤而嫁给了彼得. rebound pt, pp of rebind. rebuff / rI5bQf; rI`bQf/ n unkind or contemptuous refusal or rejection (of an offer, request, friendly gesture, etc); snub （对好意、请求、友好表示等的）粗暴拒绝, 轻蔑回绝, 冷落: Her kindness to him was met with a cruel rebuff. 她一片好心却遭到他冷酷的拒绝. rebuff v. [Tn] give a rebuff to (sb); snub 粗暴拒绝（某人）; 冷落. rebuild / 9ri:5bIld; ri`bIld/ v (pt, pp rebuilt / 9ri:5bIlt; ri`bIlt/)[Tn] 1 build or put (sth) together again 重建（某事物）; 重新组装（某物）: rebuild the city centre after an earthquake 地震后重建城市中 心区* We rebuilt the engine (ie took it to pieces and put it together again) using some new parts. 我 们用了一些新零件重新装配了这台发动机. 2 (fig 比喻) form (sth) again; restore 再形成（某事 物）; 恢复: rebuild sb's confidence, hopes, health 恢复某人的信心、希望、健康 * After his divorce, he had to rebuild his life completely. 他离婚后得完全重新安排生活. rebuke / rI5bju:k; rI`bjuk/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (for sth) express sharp or severe disapproval to sb, esp officially; reprove sb 指摘或非难某人: My boss rebuked me for coming to work late. 我的上司指摘 我上班迟到. rebuke n. act of rebuking sb; reproof 指摘; 非难; 责难: administer a stern rebuke 予以严厉的谴 责. rebus / 5ri:bEs; `ribEs/ n puzzle in which a word or phrase has to be guessed from pictures or diagrams representing the letters or syllables in it （以画或图代表字母或音节的）画谜. rebut / rI5bQt; rI`bQt/ v (-tt-) [Tn] prove (a charge, piece of evidence, etc) to be false; refute 证明（指 控、证据等）不实; 反驳; 驳斥. rebuttal / -tl; -tl/ n 1 [U] act of rebutting or being rebutted 反驳; 反证: produce evidence in rebuttal of the charge 提出反驳指控的证据. 2 [sing] evidence that rebuts a charge, etc 用以反驳 指控等的证据; 反证. rec / rek; rZk/ abbr 缩写= recreation ground 游乐场. recalcitrant / rI5kAlsItrEnt; rI`kAlsItrEnt/ adj (fml 文) resisting authority or discipline; disobedient 反抗权威的; 不守纪律的; 不服从的: a recalcitrant child, attitude 倔强的孩子、态度. recalcitrance / -Ens; -Ens/ n [U] (fml 文) quality of being recalcitrant 抗拒; 不服从. recall / rI5kR:l; rI`kRl/ v 1 (a) [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (from...) (to...) order sb to return (from a place) （从 某处）召回某人: recall an ambassador (from his post) 将大使（从驻在国）召回 * recall (members of) Parliament, eg for a special debate 召回国会议员（如举行特别辩论会）. (b) [Tn] order (sth) to be returned 要求归还（某物）: recall library books, eg for stock-taking 要求归还图书馆的书（如以便 清点）. 2 [Tn, Tf, Tw, Tg, Tsg] bring (sth/sb) back into the mind; recollect 回忆（某事物[某人]）; 记 起: I can't recall his name. 我想不起他的名字了. * She recalled that he had left early. 她回忆起他 走得很早. * Try to recall (to mind) exactly what happened. 把发生的事情尽可能仔细地回忆一下. * I recall seeing him. 我记得见过他. * I recall her giving me the key. 我记得她给过我那把钥匙. Cf 参看remember 1. 3 (phr v) recall sb to sth make sb aware or conscious again of sth 使某人重新注 意到或意识到某事物: The danger recalled him to a sense of duty. 这危险的事唤起了他的责任感. recall / also 5ri:kR:l; `ri9kRl/ n 1 [sing] order to sb/sth to return 召回; 唤回: the temporary recall of embassy staff 使馆人员的临时召回. 2 [U] ability to remember; recollection 记忆力; 记性: a person gifted with total recall 有本事把全部细节都能记住的人* My powers of recall are not what they were. 我的记忆力已大不如前. 3 [C] signal, esp a bugle-call, to troops, etc to return 军队等 的归队信号; （尤指）归队号: sound the recall 吹归队号. 4 (idm 习语) beyond/past re`call that cannot be brought back or cancelled 想不起来的; 不能取消的. recant / rI5kAnt; rI`kAnt/ v [I, Tn] (fml 文) (a) formally reject (a former opinion, belief, etc) as being wrong 宣布放弃（以前的意见、信仰等）: recant one's former beliefs, heresies 宣布放弃以前的信 仰、异教信仰. (b) take back or withdraw (a statement, an opinion, etc) as being false 撤回, 撤销（声 明、意见等）（因不正确）. recantation / 9ri:kAn5teIFn; 9rikAn`teFEn/ n (fml 文) 1 [U] recanting 放弃; 撤销. 2 [C] act of recanting; statement that one's former beliefs were wrong 放弃; 撤销; 承认以前信仰错误的声明. recap / 5ri:kAp; `rikAp/ v (-pp-) [I, Tn, Tw] (infml 口) = recapitulate. recap n. [C, U] (infml 口) = recapitulation (recapitulate). recap / 9ri:5kAp; ri`kAp/ v, n (-pp-) = re-tread. recapitulate / 9ri:kE5pItFUleIt; 9rikE`pItFE9let/ (also infml 口语作recap) v [I, Tn, Tw] state again or summarize the main points of (a discussion, etc) 重述或概括（讨论等）的要点: Let me just recapitulate (on) what we've agreed so far. 让我仅扼要重述一下到目前为止我们已取得的一致意 见. recapitulation / 9ri:kEpItFU5leIFn; 9rikE9pItFE`leFEn/ (also infml 口语作recap) n [C, U] (act of) recapitulating 扼要的重述; 概述: a brief recapitulation 摘要. recapture / 9ri:5kAptFE(r); ri`kAptFL/ v [Tn] 1 capture again (a person or an animal that has escaped, or sth taken by an enemy) 重新捕获（逃跑的人或动物）; 夺回（敌人夺走的事物）: recapture escaped prisoners, bears 重新捕获逃脱的犯人、熊* The town was recaptured from the enemy. 该城已从敌人手中收复. 2 (fig 比喻) experience again or reproduce (past emotions, etc) 再次经历、体验或产生（往日的情感等）: recapture the joys of youth 重新体验年轻时的欢乐 * recapture a period atmosphere, eg in a play, film, etc 再现某历史时期的气氛（如在戏剧、电影等 中）. recapture n. [U] recapturing; being recaptured 重新捕获; 再次体验: What led to the prisoner's recapture? 靠什麽线索把那个逃犯捉回的? recast / 9ri:5kB:st; ?@ -5kAst; ri`kAst/ v (pt, pp recast) 1 [Tn, Cn.n/a] ~ sth (as sth) put (sth written or spoken) into a new form 改动（文字或言语）: recast a sentence, chapter, paragraph, etc 改写一个 句子、一章、一段等* She recast her lecture as a radio talk. 她把讲义改动后用作电台的讲话. 2 (a) [Tn] change the cast of (a play, etc) 改变（戏剧等）的演员阵容. (b) [Tn] change the role of (an actor) 改变（演员）的角色: I've been recast as Brutus. 我改演布鲁特斯一角. recce / 5rekI; `rZkI/ n [C, U] (infml 口) = reconnaissance:make a quick recce of the area 对该地区进 行快速侦察. recce v. [I, Tn] (infml 口) = reconnoitre. recd abbr. 缩写= received: recd 9.50 收到9.50 英镑. recede / rI5si:d; rI`sid/ v 1 [I, Ipr] ~ (from sth) (seem to) move back from a previous position or away from an observer （似）自原处后退或避开别人的注视: As the tide receded (from the shore) we were able to look for shells. 潮水（自岸边）退去, 我们就能寻找贝壳了. * We reached the open sea and the coast receded into the distance. 我们驶抵公海, 海岸似乎退到了远方. * (fig 比喻) The prospect of bankruptcy has now receded, ie is less likely. 破产的危险现已减少了. 2 [I] slope backwards 向后倾斜: a receding chin 向后缩的下巴* Tom has a receding hairline, ie His hair has stopped growing at the forehead and temples. 汤姆的前发际已渐渐后移（前额和太阳穴不再长头 发）. receipt / rI5si:t; rI`sit/ n 1 [U] ~ (of sth) (fml 文) act of receiving or being received 收到: acknowledge receipt of a letter, an order, etc 签收信件、订单等* On receipt of the news, he left. 他一接到消息就走了. 2 [C] ~ (for sth) written statement that sth (esp money or goods) has been received 收条; 收据: get a receipt for your expenses 对开销要索取收据* sign a receipt 在收据上 签字 * [attrib 作定语] a receipt book 收据簿. 3 receipts [pl] money received by a business （营 业）收到的款项,收入: net/gross receipts 纯[总]收入. Cf 参看expenditure.4 [C] (arch 古) recipe 食谱; 烹饪法; 处方. 5 (idm 习语) (be) in receipt of sth (commerce 商) having received sth 已收 到某物: We are in receipt of your letter of the 15th. 我们收到了您15 日来函. receipt v. [Tn] mark (a bill) as having been paid, eg with a rubber stamp saying `Paid' or `Received with thanks' 在（帐单）上盖注有｀收讫＇字样的图章（以示款已付清）. receivable / rI5si:vEbl; rI`sivEbl/ adj (usu following ns 通常用于名词之后) (commerce 商) (of bills, accounts, etc) for which money has not yet been received （指票据、帐款等）应收的: bills receivable 应收票据. receivables n. [pl] assets of a business represented by accounts that still have to be paid 应收款项. receive / rI5si:v; rI`siv/ v 1 (a) [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (from sb/sth) get, accept or take (sth sent, given, etc) 收到, 得到, 接到, 领取（邮寄、赠送等之物）: receive a letter, present, phone call, grant 接到信、 礼物、电话、补助金* receive a good education 受到良好教育* receive severe injuries, blows 受重伤、打击* receive insults, thanks, congratulations 受到侮辱、感谢、祝贺 * Your comments will receive our close attention. 你的意见我们一定认真考虑. * You will receive a warm welcome when you come to England. 你到英国时一定受到热烈欢迎. (b) [I, Tn] (esp Brit) buy or accept (stolen goods) knowingly （有意）购买或接受（赃物）. 2 (a) [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (into sth) allow sb to enter, eg as a guest, member, etc; admit sb 接待（如客人、成员等）; 接纳或承认某人: rooms (eg in a hotel) ready to receive their new occupants 准备接待新房客的房间（如旅馆的）* He has been received into the Church. 他已入教. (b) [esp passive 尤用于被动语态: Tn, Tn.pr, Cn.n/a] ~ sb (with sth) (as sth) (fml 文) welcome or entertain (guests, etc), esp formally 欢迎或招待（客人等）（尤指正 式地）: The chief was received by the Prime Minister. 该领导人受到了首相的接见. * She was received with warm applause. 大家以热烈的掌声欢迎她. * He was received as an honoured visitor. 他以贵宾的身分受到款待. 3 [esp passive 尤用于被动语态: Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth (with sth) react in a specified way to sb/sth （以某方式）对某人[某事物]做出反应: How was the play received? 对这 出戏反应如何? * My suggestion was received with disdain. 我的建议人家不屑一顾. * The reforms have been well received by the public. 公众对改革反应良好. 4 [Tn] convert (broadcast signals) into sounds or pictures 将（无线电讯号）转变为声音或图像: receive a programme via satellite 通 过卫星接收节目* Are you receiving me? ie Can you hear me (said to sb to whom one is speaking on a radio transmitter)? 你能收听到我的声音吗（通过无线电发报机呼叫对方）? 5 (idm 习语) be at/on the receiving end (of sth) (infml 口) be the one who suffers sth unpleasant 承受不愉快事物的 人: The party in power soon learns what it's like to be on the receiving end of political satire. 执政党 很快就尝到了遭受政治讽刺的滋味. received adj. [attrib 作定语] widely accepted as correct 公认为正确而普遍接受的: received opinion, pronunciation 公认为正确的看法、规范读音* change received ideas about education 改 变对教育的一贯看法. receiver / rI5si:vE(r); rI`sivL/ n 1 (a) person who receives sth 接受者. (b) (esp Brit) person who buys or accepts stolen goods knowingly 购买或接受分明是赃物的人. 2 (also Receiver, Of,ficial Re`ceiver) official appointed by law to look after the property and affairs of a minor, bankrupt, etc or to administer disputed property 破产管理官: call in the receiver 申请委派破产管理官* put the business in the hands of a receiver 把公司交由破产管理官管理. 3 part of an instrument that receives sth, esp the part of a telephone that receives the incoming sound and is held to the ear 接收器; 受话器; （尤指）电话听筒: lift, replace, etc the receiver 拿起、放下...听筒. 4 radio or TV set that converts broadcast signals into sound or pictures 无线电接收机; 收音机; 电视机. receivership / -FIp; -9FIp/ n [U] (law 律) 1 (period of) office of a Receiver 破产管理官的职务或 任期. 2(idm 习语) in receivership (esp of bankrupt companies) under the control of an Official Receiver （尤指破产公司）受破产管理官管理: go into/be in receivership 交由[受]破产管理官管 理. recent / 5ri:snt; `risnt/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] (that existed, happened, began, was/were made, etc) not long ago or before 不久前的; 近来的: a recent event, development, occurrence, etc 不久前的事 件、发展、事情等* In recent years there have been many changes. 最近几年有了许多变化. * Ours is a recent acquaintance, ie We only met a short time ago. 我们是最近才认识的. =>Usage at new 用法见new. recently adv not long ago or before; lately 不久前; 近来: until quite recently 直到不久以前 * a recently painted house 最近粉刷过的房子. recently NOTE ON USAGE 用法: Recently, not long ago, lately indicate that the action spoken about took place in the recent past. *recently 、not long ago 、 lately 均指最近发生过的事. Recently has the widest use, in positive and negative statements and questions, with the past tense and the present perfect tense *recently 用法最广, 可用于肯定式陈述句、否定式陈述句及疑问句中, 与过去时态和现在完成时态连用: Did she have a party recently? 她最近举办过聚会吗? * They've recently bought a new car. 他们不久前买了一辆新汽车. 2 Not long ago is only used in positive statements with the verb in the past tense *not long ago 仅用于肯定式陈述句中, 与动词过 去时态连用: They arrived in Britain not long ago/recently. 他们不久以前[最近]到达英国. * It's not long ago that they arrived in Britain. 他们是不久以前到达英国的. 3 Lately is used in questions and negative statements. *lately 用于疑问句和否定式陈述句中. In positive statements it is used generally with only, much and a lot. 若用于肯定式陈述句中, 通常与only 、 much 、 a lot 连用. The verb must be in the present perfect tense 动词必须用现在完成时态: Have you seen him lately/recently? 你近来[最近]见过他吗? * They haven't written lately/recently. 他们近来[最近]没 有写信. * She's only lately/recently begun working here. 她只是近来[最近]才开始在这里工作的. * I've seen a lot of her lately/recently. 我近来[最近]常见到她. receptacle / rI5septEkl; rI`sZptEkl/ n (fml 文) container,space, etc for placing or storing sth 容器; 放 置物品的地方: a receptacle for litter, washing, waste paper 垃圾箱、待洗衣物袋、废纸箱. reception / rI5sepFn; rI`sZpFEn/ n 1 [U] action of receiving or being received 接受; 接待; 接纳; 接收: The bridal suite was prepared for the reception of the honeymooners. 新婚套间已准备好以接 待度蜜月的人. * prepare rooms for the reception of guests 准备房间以接待宾客* her reception into the religious order 接纳她进修道会 * [attrib 作定语] a reception area, camp, centre, etc, ie where refugees, immigrants, etc are received and accommodated 接待区、营、中心等（接纳和安 置难民、移民等的处所）* a `reception committee 接待委员会. 2 [sing] way in which sb/sth is received (receive 3) 反应: The play got a favourable reception from the critics. 该剧获评论界好评. * His talk met with/was given a warm (ie enthusiastic) reception. 他的讲话受到热烈的欢迎. 3 [sing] (Brit) area in a hotel or an office building where guests or clients are received, registered, etc （旅馆或事务所的）接待处: Wait for me at reception. 在接待处等我吧. 4 [C] formal social occasion to welcome sb 正式的欢迎场合; 欢迎会; 招待会; 宴会: hold a wedding reception 举办 结婚宴会 * official receptions for the foreign visitors 欢迎外宾的招待会. 5 [U] receiving of broadcast signals; efficiency of this （无线电信号的）接收, 接收效果: a radio with excellent reception 接收性能极好的收音机* Reception (eg of TV programmes) is poor here. 这里的接收情 况欠佳（如电视节目的）. receptionist / -FEnIst; -FEnIst/ n person employed to make appointments for and receive clients at a hotel, an office building, a doctor's or dentist's surgery, a hairdressing salon, etc （旅馆、事务所、诊 所、理发馆等雇用的）接待员. reception desk ( Brit) (in a hotel, an office building, etc) counter where guests, clients, etc are received, where they ask for rooms, etc （旅馆、事务所等的）服务台. reception room 1 (used esp when advertising houses for sale 尤用于房屋出售广告) living-room; room other than a kitchen, bathroom or bedroom 客厅; 起居室. 2 room (eg in a hotel) suitable for large social functions （适于大型活动的）客厅（如旅馆中的）. receptive / rI5septIv; rI`sZptIv/ adj ~ (to sth) able or quick to receive new ideas, suggestions, etc （对 新的思想、建议等）易于接受的, 接受得快的: a receptive person, mind, attitude 敏于接受新思想 的人、头脑、态度* receptive to new developments 对新事物接受得快的. receptiveness, receptivity / 9ri:sep5tIvEtI;9risZp`tIvEtI/ ns [U]. recess / rI5ses; ?@ 5ri:ses; `risZs/ n 1 [C, U] (a) (US also vacation) period of time when work or business is stopped, esp in Parliament, the lawcourts, etc （工作或业务活动的）中止或暂停期间; （尤指国会、法庭等的）休会期, 休庭期: the summer recess 暑假* Parliament is in recess. 议会 处于休会期. (b) (US) break between classes at school （学校的）课间休息. =>Usage at break2 用 法见break2. 2 [C] space in a room where part of a wall is set back from the main part; alcove 壁凹 （墙壁的凹进处）; 凹室; 壁龛: a door, window, cupboard, etc recess 可供安门、窗、橱柜等的 壁凹. 3 [C] hollow space inside sth 某物内部的凹形空间: a drawer with a secret recess 有隐秘槽 子的抽屉. 4 [C usu pl 通常作复数] remote or secret place 遥远或隐秘的地方: the dark recesses of a cave 洞中隐秘的暗处 * (fig 比喻) in the innermost recesses of the heart/mind 在内心[思想]的 最深处. recess v. 1 [Tn esp passive 尤用于被动语态] place (sth) in a recess(2) 把（某物）放在墙壁的凹 处: recessed shelves, windows, etc 在墙壁的凹处设置的搁架、窗户等. 2 [Tn esp passive 尤用于 被动语态] set (a wall) back; provide (a wall) with recesses 将（墙）做成凹形; 在（墙）上做壁龛. 3 [I] (US) take a recess(1a) 休息; 休假; 休会; 休庭. recession / rI5seFn; rI`sZFEn/ n 1 [C] temporary decline in economic activity or prosperity （经济） 衰退; 不景气: an industrial, a trade, etc recession 工业、贸易等的衰退. Cf 参看 slump n 1. 2 [U] movement back from a previous position; withdrawal 后退; 撤退; 撤回: the gradual recession of flood waters 洪水的逐渐消退. recessionary adj. 1 [attrib 作定语] of a slowing of economic activity （经济）萧条的, 疲软的: in the present recessionary period, conditions 在当前经济萧条的时期里、情况下. 2 likely to bring about a slowing of economicactivity 可能使经济活动减慢的: a recessionary effect on the economy 可能使经济衰退的影响* introduce recessionary measures 采取防止经济过热的措施. recessional / rI5seFEnl; rI`sZFEnEl/ n (also recessional hymn) hymn sung while the clergy and choir withdraw after a church service （礼拜仪式完毕后牧师和唱诗班退场时唱的）退场赞美诗. recessive / rI5sesIv; rI`sZsIv/ adj 1 (biology 生) (of characteristics inherited from a parent, such as the colour of the eyes or of the hair) not appearing in a child but remaining hidden because of the presence of stronger characteristics （指遗传性状, 如眼睛或毛发的颜色）隐性的, 潜性的. Cf 参 看dominant. 2 having a tendency to recede or go back （倾向于）后退的, 倒退的. recharge / 9ri:5tFB:dV; ri`tFBrdV/ v [Tn] 1 charge (a battery, a gun, etc) again 给（电池）再充电; 给（枪）再装弹药. 2 (idm 习语) recharge one's `batteries (infml 口) have a period of rest and relaxation during which one's energy is built up again 休整. rechargeable adj: rechargeable batteries 可再充电的电池. recherche / rE5FeEFeI; rE`FZrFe/ adj (fml 文) 1 (usuderog 通常作贬义) much too studied or refined; affected 过分刻意求工的; 矫揉造作的: a recherche idea, writing style, image 煞费苦心的 念头、矫揉造作的文风、挖空心思的比喻. 2 chosen or planned with great care; choice 精心选 择的; 精心设计的: a recherche menu, eg for gourmets 佳肴菜单. recidivist / rI5sIdIvIst; rI`sIdEvIst/ n person who commitscrimes repeatedly and seems unable to be cured of criminal tendencies; persistent offender 本性难移的惯犯; 累犯. recidivism / -IzEm; -IzEm/ n [U]. recipe / 5resEpI; `rZsEpI/ n 1 ~ (for sth) set of instructions for preparing a food dish, including the ingredients required 烹饪法; 食谱: [attrib 作定语] recipe books, cards 烹饪书、食谱卡片. 2 ~ for sth (fig 比喻) method of achieving sth 方法; 秘诀; 诀窍: What is your recipe for success? 你取 得成功有什麽窍门? * His plans are a recipe for (ie are likely to lead to) disaster. 他的计画后患无 穷. recipient / rI5sIpIEnt; rI`sIpIEnt/ n ~ (of sth) person who receives sth 接受者. reciprocal / rI5sIprEkl; rI`sIprEkl/ adj given and received in return; mutual 互相给与的; 互惠的; 相 互的: reciprocal affection, help, trade 互爱、互助、互惠贸易* have a reciprocal agreement to combat terrorism 有相互配合的协定, 共同与恐怖主义作斗争. reciprocally / -klI; -klI/ adv. reciprocal pronoun ( grammar) pronoun expressinga mutual action or relation, eg each other, one another 相互代词（表示相互之行为或关系, 如 each other 、 one another）. reciprocate / rI5sIprEkeIt; rI`sIprE9ket/ v 1 [I, Tn] (fml 文) (a) give and receive (sth) in return; exchange (sth) mutually 互给（某物）; 互换（某物）. (b) return (sth done, given or felt) 回报以（某 种动作、物品或感情）: He reciprocated by wishing her good luck. 他也祝她交好运. * I reciprocate your good wishes. 我也同样祝福你. 2 [I] (of parts of a machine) move alternately backwards and forwards in a straight line （指机件）沿直线往复移动: a reciprocating saw 往复式锯 * reciprocating pistons 往复式活塞. Cf 参看 rotary 2. reciprocation / rI9sIprE5keIFn; rI9sIprE`keFEn/ n [U]. reciprocating engine engine in which pistons move backwards and forwards inside cylinders 往复式发动机. reciprocity / 9resI5prCsEtI; 9rZsE`prBsEtI/ n [U] principleor practice of mutual exchange, esp of making concessions or granting privileges, etc in return for concessions or privileges received 相互交 换的原则或实践; （尤指）互相让步或互惠: reciprocity in trade (between countries) （国与国之间 的）贸易互惠. recital / rI5saItl; rI`saItl/ n 1 [C] public performance of music, dance, etc by a soloist or a small group 独唱会; 独奏会; （小型团体的）音乐演奏会、舞蹈表演会等: give a pi`ano recital 举行 钢琴独奏会 * a `song/`dance/`poetry recital 歌曲演唱会[舞蹈表演会/诗歌朗诵会]. Cf 参看 concert. 2 [C] detailed account of a series of events, etc 一系列事件等的详述: I had to listen to a long recital of all his complaints. 我得听他那些没完没了的牢骚. 3 [U] action of reciting 背诵, 朗诵（尤指向听众）: his recital of the poem 他的诗歌朗诵* music recorded in recital 在演奏现场 录制的音乐. recitation / 9resI5teIFn; 9rZsE`teFEn/ n 1 [C, U] (instance of) public delivery of passages of prose or poetry learnt by heart （散文或诗歌的）当众吟诵, 背诵: recitations from Dickens 狄更斯作品选 段的背诵* the recitation of a ballad, an ode, etc 叙事歌谣、颂诗等的背诵. 2 [C] piece of prose or poetry (to be) recited （要）背诵的散文或诗歌. 3 [C] (US) student's oral responses to questions on a lesson, etc （学生对课文等作的）口头答问. recitative / 9resItE5ti:v; 9rZsEtE`tiv/ n [C, U] (passage of) narrative or dialogue in an opera or oratorio sung in the rhythm of ordinary speech with many words on the same note 宣叙调, 朗诵调（歌剧或清 唱剧中近似说话的歌唱风格）. recite / rI5saIt; rI`saIt/ v 1 [I, Ipr, Tn, Tn.pr] ~ (sth) (to sb) say (a poem, passage, etc) aloud from memory, esp to an audience 背诵, 朗诵（诗文等）（尤指向听众）: recite a speech from `Hamlet' to the class 向班上同学背诵《哈姆雷特》中的一段话. 2 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (to sb) state (names, facts, etc) one by one; give a list of 说出一连串（名字、事情等）; 列举: recite one's grievances 叙述自己的 苦难* recite the names of all the European capitals 一一说出欧洲各国首都的名称. reckless / 5reklIs; `rZklIs/ adj ~ (of sth) (of people or their actions) not thinking of the consequences or of danger; rash or impulsive （指人或其行为）不考虑后果的, 不顾危险的, 鲁莽的, 由冲动引起 的: a reckless spender, gambler, etc 乱花钱的人、乱赌博的人* fined 100 for reckless driving 因 鲁莽驾驶罚款100 英镑* He's quite reckless of his own safety. 他完全不顾及自己的安全. recklessly adv. recklessness n. [U]. reckon / 5rekEn; `rZkEn/ v 1 [Tn.pr, Tf, Cn.a esp passive 尤用于被动语态, Cn.n esp passive 尤用 于被动语态, Cn.n/a esp passive 尤用于被动语态, Cn.t esp passive 尤用于被动语态] ~ sb/sth among sth; ~ sb/sth as sth (infml 口) (not used in the continuous tenses 不用于进行时态) be of the opinion or consider that sb/sth is as specified 认为某人[某事物]是...: We reckon her among our best reporters. 我们认为她是我们最好的记者. * I reckon (that) he is too old for the job. 我认为他年龄 太大, 不适于做这工作. * The price was reckoned high. 价钱未免太高了. * She is reckoned (to be) the cleverest pupil in the class. 她是班上最聪明的学生. * One quarter of the country is reckoned as unproductive. 全国四分之一的土地是不毛之地. 2 (a) [Tf no passive 不用于被动语态] (infml 口) assume; think 假定; 想; 思忖; 认为: I reckon we'll go next week. 我想我们下星期去. * The news won't worry her, I reckon. 我看这消息不会使她不安. * What do you reckon our chances are of arriving on time? 你认为我们有没有可能按时到达? (b) [Tf, Tt] calculate (time, price, age, etc) approximately; guess 约略地计算（时间、价格、年龄等）; 猜想: I reckon it will cost about 100. 我估计大约要100 英镑. * We reckon to arrive in Delhi at noon. 我们估计正午抵达德里. 3 [Tn] find out (the quantity, number, cost, etc) by using numbers; calculate 算出（数量、数目、费用等）; 计算: reckon the total volume of imports 计算进口商品的总量* Hire charges are reckoned from the date of delivery. 租金由货到之日起计算. 4 (phr v) reckon sth in include sth in a calculation 将 某事物计算在内: When you did your expenses, did you reckon in your taxi fares? 你计算费用时, 把计程车费算进去了吗? reckon on sb/sth base one's plans on sb doing sth or on sth happening; rely on sb/sth 指望或依赖某人[某事物]: Can I reckon on you to help? 你能帮助我吗? * We're reckoning on moving house in May. 我们指望著五月份搬家. * You can't always reckon on (having) good weather. 总依赖（有）好天气是靠不住的. reckon sth up find the sum or total of sth; count sth up 计算; 结算: reckon up bills, accounts, costs, etc 结算帐单、帐目、费用等. reckon with sb/sth take sb/sth into account; consider sb/sth as important 考虑到或重视某人[某事物]: They had many difficulties to reckon with. 他们有许多困难要考虑. * a force, fact,person to be reckoned with, ie that cannot be ignored 不可忽视的力量、事实、人物. reckon without sb/sth not take sb/sth into account; not consider sb/sth as important 未考虑到或未重视某人[某事物]: We wanted a quiet holiday, but we had reckoned without the children. 我们原想安安静静地度假, 却没有把孩子考虑在内. reckoner / 5rekEnE(r); `rZkEnL/ n device or table (of figures, etc) used as an aid to reckoning 计算 器; 计算表. Cf 参看ready reckoner (ready). reckoning / 5rekEnIN; `rZkEnIN/ n 1 [U] calculation; estimation 计算; 估计: the reckoning of debts, accounts, etc 债务、帐目等的计算* By my reckoning, this short cut will save us five miles. 据我估计, 我们走这条近道可少走五英里. * You were 5 out (ie over or under the correct sum) in your reckoning. 你计算差了5 英镑. 2 [sing] (dated 旧) (settlement of an) account or a bill, eg at a hotel or restaurant 帐目或帐单（的结算）（如旅馆或饭馆中）: ask for the reckoning 要求结帐 * (fig 比喻) There'll be a heavy reckoning to pay! ie The consequences will be serious. 后果不堪设想! 3 (idm 习语) a day of reckoning => day. reclaim / rI5kleIm; rI`klem/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] 1 ~ sth (from sb/sth) recover possession of sth 恢复或收 回某事物: reclaim tax, rent, lost property 取回税款、租金、失去的财物. 2 ~ sth (from sth) make (land) suitable for cultivation, eg by draining or irrigating it 开垦（土地）（如排水、灌溉以利耕种）: reclaimed marshland, desert, etc 经治理的沼泽地、沙漠等* reclaim an area from the sea 填海造 地. 3 ~ sb (from sth) (fml 文) win sb back or away from sin, error, etc; reform sb 挽救某人（不再 犯罪、犯错等）; 改造某人: reclaim young offenders from a life of crime 挽救失足少年脱离罪恶 的生活. 4 ~ sth (from sth) recover (raw material) from waste products （从废品中）回收（原料）: reclaim glass from old bottles 回收旧瓶子用以再造玻璃. Cf 参看 recycle. reclamation / 9reklE5meIFn; 9rZklE`meFEn/ n [U]. recline / rI5klaIn; rI`klaIn/ v 1 [I, Ipr] lean or lie back in a horizontal or near-horizontal position 向 后倚靠或躺: recline on a pillow, a sofa, a grassy bank 躺在枕头、沙发、草坡上* recline in a deck-chair, a punt, a hammock 斜躺在摺叠帆布椅、平底船、吊床上* a reclining chair, ie one with a back that tilts 躺椅* a reclining seat, eg in a train, plane, etc 躺式座椅（如火车、飞机等的） * a reclining figure, eg in a painting 躺卧著的人像（如绘画中的）. 2 [Tn.pr] ~ sth against/on sb/sth put or lay (one's head, arms) in a position of rest 将（头、臂）倚著某人[某物]. 3 [Tn] tilt (a seat, etc) backwards 使（座位等）向后倾斜. recluse / rI5klu:s; rI`klus/ n person who lives alone and avoids other people 隐居者; 隐士: live/lead the life of a recluse 过隐居生活. recognizance, recognisance / rI5kCgnIzns; rI`kB-nIzEns/ n (law 律) (a) formal promise made to a court or magistrate that one will observe certain conditions (eg keep the peace), appear when summoned or pay a debt 具结; 保证书: enter into recognizances (for sb) （为某人）具结 * bail in one's own recognizance of 500 自付500 英镑保证金获得保释 * be released on one's own recognizance 经本人具结获释. (b) sum of money pledged as a guarantee that this promise will be kept （交付法院的）保证金. recognize, recognise / 5rekEgnaIz; `rZkE-9naIz/ v (not usedin the continuous tenses 不用于进行时 态) 1 [Tn, Tn.pr]~ sb/sth (by sth) be able to identify (sb/sth that one has seen, heard, etc before); know sb/sth again 认出或识别某人[某事物]: recognize a tune, an old friend, a signal 听出一首听过 的曲子、认出一个老朋友、识别一个熟悉的信号* I recognized her by her red hat. 我根据她的 红色帽子认出了她. 2 [Tn, Cn.n/a, Cn.t] ~ sb/sth (as sth) be willing to accept sb/sth as valid or genuine; approve 承认某人[某事物]有效或属实; 认可: recognized (ie qualified or official) instructors, schools, charities 获得承认的教员、学校、慈善团体* recognize sb's claim to ownership 承认某人提出的所有权要求 *(fml 文) Britain has recognized (ie established diplomaticrelations with) the new regime. 英国已承认了这个新政权. * Everyone recognized him to be the lawful heir/as the lawful heir. 大家都承认他为合法继承人. 3 [Tn, Tf] be prepared to admit or be aware of (sth); realize 承认或认清（某事物）; 认识到: He recognized his lack of qualifications/that he was not qualified for the post. 他承认自己不够条件[没有资格]担任那个职务. 4 [Tn] show gratitude or appreciation of (sb's ability, service, etc) by giving him an honour or reward 给予某人以荣誉或奖励以对（其能力、贡献等）表示感激或赏识: The firm recognized Tom's outstanding work by giving him an extra bonus. 公司发给汤姆一笔额外奖金以表彰他工作出色. * His services to the State were recognized, eg by a knighthood. 他对国家的贡献获得了奖赏（如被封 为爵士）. recognizable, recognisable / 5rekEgnaIzEbl, also 9rekEg-5naIzEbl; `rZkE-9naIzEbl/ adj that can be recognized 可认出的; 可识别的; 可承认的; 可认可的: She was barely recognizable as the girl I had known at school. 我几乎认不出她就是我上学时认识的那个女孩儿. recognizably, recognisably / -EblI; -EblI/ adv. recognition / 9rekEg5nIFn; 9rZkE-`nIFEn/ n 1 [U] recognizing or being recognized 认识; 认出; 承认: an award in recognition of one's services, achievements, etc 为表彰某人的贡献、成就等而授 予的奖励* He has won wide recognition in the field of tropical medicine. 他在热带疾患这一医学 领域里广获赞誉. * (fml 文) Britain's recognition of (ie establishment of diplomatic relations with) the new regime is unlikely. 这个新政权不大可能获英国承认. 2 (idm 习语) change, etc beyond/out of (all) recog`nition change so much that recognition is very difficult 变化大得难以认出: The town has altered out of all recognition since I was last here. 自从我上次离开这里以来, 这小城 已变得认不出来了. recognizance, recognisance / rI5kCgnIzns; rI`kB-nIzEns/ n (law 律) (a) formal promise made to a court or magistrate that one will observe certain conditions (eg keep the peace), appear when summoned or pay a debt 具结; 保证书: enter into recognizances (for sb) （为某人）具结 * bail in one's own recognizance of 500 自付 500 英镑保证金获得保释 * be released on one's own recognizance 经本人具结获释. (b) sum of money pledged as a guarantee that this promise will be kept （交付法院的）保证金. recoil / rI5kRIl; rI`kRIl/ v 1 [I, Ipr] ~ (from sb/sth); ~ (at sth) (a) draw oneself back in fear, disgust, etc （因恐惧、厌恶等）畏缩, 退缩: She recoiled from the gunman in terror. 她面对持枪歹徒吓 得直往后缩. * He recoiled at the sight of the corpse. 他见到尸体厌恶得止步不前. (b) (fig 比喻) withdraw mentally 畏怯: recoil from murder, violence, etc 畏惧凶杀、暴力等. 2 [I] (a) (of guns) jerk back when fired （指枪炮）反冲, 产生后座力. (b) (of springs) move or jump back suddenly after impact （指弹簧）弹回. 3 (phr v) recoil on sb (of harmful actions) return to hurt the person who does them （指有害行动）还治其人之身; 报应. recoil / 5ri:kRIl; `rikRIl/ n [U, sing] sudden backward movement, esp of a gun when fired 反冲（力）; （尤指枪炮的）后座（力）. recollect / 9rekE5lekt; 9rZkE`lZkt/ v [I, Tn, Tf, Tw, Tg, Tsg no passive 不用于被动语态] succeed in calling (sth) back to the mind; remember 想起; 记得; 回忆起: As far as I recollect, you came late. 我记得你来晚了. * recollect one's childhood, sb's name 回忆起童年时代、某人的名字 * I recollect that you denied it. 我记得你曾否认此事. * Can you recollect how it was done? 你还记得 是怎麽做的吗? * She can recollect meeting the king. 她能回忆起觐见国王的事. * No one can recollect her leaving. 谁也想不起她走的事. recollection / 9rekE5lekFn; 9rZkE`lZkFEn/ n 1 (a) [U] ability to recollect; action of recollecting 记 忆力; 回忆: have amazing powers of recollection 有惊人的记忆力* I have some/no recollection of that day. 那天的事我还记得一些[不记得了]. * lost in quiet recollection of the past 沉浸在对往事 的幽思之中* to the best of my recollection, ie if I remember correctly 就我记忆所及（假若我没记 错的话）* My recollection of events differs from hers. 这些事, 我记得的情况与她的说法不同. (b) [C usu pl 通常作复数] thing, event, etc recollected 回忆的事物: vague, clear, distant, etc recollections of childhood 依稀记得的、历历在目的、遥远的...童年往事* The old letters brought back many happy recollections. 这些旧信使人想起许多愉快的往事. 2 time over which sb's memory goes back 记忆所及的时间: Such a problem has never arisen within my recollection. 我不 记得有过这样的问题. recommend / 9rekE5mend; 9rZkE`mZnd/ v 1 [Tn, Cn.n/a, Dn.n, Dn.pr] ~ sb/sth (to sb) (for sth/as sth) praise sth as suitable for a purpose; praise sb as suitable for a post, etc; speak favourably of sb/sth 推许某事物; 推荐某人; 赞许某人[某事物]: recommend a car, film, plumber, etc 推荐某汽车、影 片、管子工等* What would you recommend for removing ink stains? 你看用什麽方法可除去墨 迹? * She was strongly recommended for the post. 她获大力推荐担任这个职务. * I can recommend him as an extremely good accountant. 我推荐他一定能当个极好的会计. * Can you recommend me a good novel? 你给我介绍一本好的小说行吗? 2 [Tn, Tf, Tw, Tg, Tsg, Dn.t, Dpr.f] suggest (a course of action, treatment, etc); advise 建议（采取某种做法、对策等）; 劝告: I'd recommend extreme caution. 我奉劝多加小心. * I recommend that you resign. 我建议你辞职. * I'm not the person to recommend how the job should be done. 我不是能为做此事出主意的人. * I recommended (you) meeting him first. 我建议（你）先见见他. * I wouldn't recommend you to go there alone. 我 劝你不要孤身一人到那里去. 3 [Tn, Dn.pr] ~ sb/sth (to sb) (of a quality, etc) make sb/sth seem attractive （指特质等）使某人[某事物]显得可取: a plan with nothing, little, something, much, etc to recommend it 毫无、没有什麽、有某种、有许多...可取之处的计画* His integrity recommended him to his employers. 他很正直, 雇主对他都有好感. recommendable / -Ebl; -Ebl/ adj: a highly recommendable film, restaurant, camping site 备受推荐 的影片、餐厅、露营地. recommendation / 9rekEmen5deIFn; 9rZkEmZn`deFEn/ n 1 [U] action of recommending 推许; 推荐; 赞许; 建议; 劝告: speak in recommendation of sb/sth 口头推荐某人[某事物] * I bought it on your recommendation, ie because you recommended it. 我是经你推荐买的. 2 [C] (a) statement, letter, etc that recommends sb/sth, esp a person for a job 推荐; （尤指）推荐信, 求职介绍信: write, give sb a recommendation 为某人写推荐信、给某人一封介绍信. (b) course of action, etc that is recommended 建议采取的做法等: The judge made recommendations to the court. 法官向审判人员 提出建议. * a recommendation that the offer of 5% be rejected 对5%这一出价应予拒绝的建议. 3 quality, etc that makes sb/sth seem attractive 使某人[某事物]显得有可取之处的特质等: The cheapness of coach travel is its only recommendation. 乘长途汽车唯一可取之处就是旅费便宜. recompense / 5rekEmpens; `rZkEm9pZns/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (for sth) (fml 文) reward sb (for his work, efforts, etc); compensate sb (for his losses, etc) 酬谢或报答某人（因其工作、尽力等）; 赔 偿或补偿某人（受的损失等）: recompense employees for working overtime 给雇员发加班费 * recompense her for the loss of her job 赔偿她失去工作的损失. recompense n. [sing, U] ~ (for sth) (fml 文) thing that rewards; thing that compensates 报酬; 赔偿; 补偿: receive adequate recompense for one's services, labours, efforts, etc 因工作、劳动、尽力等 而获得合适的报酬* award the victim 500 in recompense for damages 给予受害者 500 英镑损害 赔偿金. reconcile / 5rekEnsaIl; `rZkEn9saIl/ v 1 (a) [esp passive 尤用于被动语态: Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (with sb) cause (people) to become friends again, eg after quarrelling 使（人）重新和好（如争吵后）; 使和 解; 使复交: We were finally reconciled when he apologized. 他道歉以后我们终于言归于好了. * She refused to be reconciled with her brother. 她拒不同她的弟弟和解. (b) [Tn] bring (a quarrel, disagreement, etc) to an end; settle 化解（争吵、分歧等）; 调解; 调停: They can't reconcile their differences. 他们无法调和彼此的分歧. 2 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (with sth) make (aims, statements, ideas, etc) agree when they seem to conflict 使（似有分歧的目标、说法、意见等）一致, 和谐: reconcile the evidence with the facts 使证据符合事实* Can eating fish be reconciled with vegetarianism? 吃 鱼与素食主义有矛盾吗? 3 [Tn.pr] ~ sb/oneself to sth (cause sb to) accept reluctantly sth unwelcome, unpleasant, etc （使某人）无可奈何地接受某事物: The high salary reconciled me to living abroad. 我为获高薪也只好在国外生活. * Could you reconcile yourself to a lifetime of unemployment? 你能甘心一辈子失业吗? reconcilable / -Ebl, also 9rekEn5saIlEbl; -Ebl, 9rZkEn`saIlEbl/ adj. reconciliation / 9rekEn9sIlI5eIFn; 9rZkEn9sIlI`eFEn/ n 1 [U] reconciling or being reconciled 和 解; 调和; 一致; 和谐; 勉强接受: the reconciliation of ideas, opinions, etc 思想、见解等的一致. 2 [sing] end to a quarrel, etc （争吵等的）止息; 和解; 复交: bring about a reconciliation between former enemies 使旧时的仇敌和解. recondite / 5rekEndaIt; `rZkEn9daIt/ adj (fml 文) 1 (of subjects) little known or understood; obscure （指学科）不甚了解的, 不甚理解的, 深奥的. 2 (of writers, etc) dealing with subjects that are little known or understood （指作者等）研究鲜为人知的或难以理解的专题的. recondition / 9ri:kEn5dIFn; 9rikEn`dIFEn/ v [Tn esp passive 尤用于被动语态] repair (sth) and put it into good condition again; overhaul or restore 修理（某物）; 彻底检修; 修复: a reconditioned engine, cooker 修复的发动机、炉具* reconditioned furniture, leather 修整过的家具、皮革. reconnaissance / rI5kCnIsns; rI`kBnEsEns/ (also infml 口语作recce) n [C, U] (patrol, flight, etc that carries out an) exploration or a survey of an area, esp for military purposes （对某地区的）侦察或观 测（尤指为军事目的）; （执行侦察任务的）巡逻队、飞行队等: make an aerial reconnaissance of an island 对一岛进行空中侦察* troops engaged in reconnaissance 执行侦察任务的部队 * [attrib 作定语] a reconnaissance plane, party, mission 侦察机、小组、任务. reconnoitre (US reconnoiter) / 9rekE5nRItE(r); 9rZkE`nRItL/ (also Brit infml 英式口语作 recce) v [I, Tn] explore or survey (an enemy area, position, etc) 侦察或观测（敌人的地区、位置等）: The platoon was sent to reconnoitre the village before the attack. 在发动进攻前, 这个排奉命侦察该村. reconsider / 9ri:kEn5sIdE(r); 9rikEn`sIdL/ v [I, Tn] consider (sth) again, esp to change an earlier opinion,decision, etc 重新考虑（某事物）: reconsider one's position, view, decision, etc 重新考虑自 己的立场、观点、决定等* The jury was called upon to reconsider its verdict. 召集陪审团重新审 议其裁定. reconsideration / 9ri:kEn9sIdE5reIFn; 9rikEn9sIdE`reFEn/ n [U]. reconstitute / 9ri:5kCnstItju:t; ?@ -tu:t; ri`kBnstE9tut/ v [Tn esp passive 尤用于被动语态] 1 restore (dried food) to its original state, eg by adding water 使（脱水食物）复原（如加水）: reconstitute dried milk, powdered soup, etc 加水使奶粉、汤粉等复原. 2 (fml 文) reorganize or change the membership of (sth) 重新组织或改组（某事物）: a reconstituted board, panel, committee,etc 经过 改组的董事会、专门小组、委员会等. reconstitution / 9ri:9kCnstI5tju:Fn; ?@ -tu:Fn; ri9kBnstE`tuFEn/ n [U]. reconstruct / 9ri:kEn5strQkt; 9rikEn`strQkt/ v 1 [Tn] construct or build again, eg after damage 重建, 修复（如破坏之后）. 2 [Tn, Tn.pr, Tw] ~ sth (from sth) create again (sth that has existed or happened) by using evidence or imagination （根据证据或想像）重现（存在过的或发生过的事物）: Police are trying to reconstruct the crime, eg by using actors at the place where it was committed or by Oxford Dictionary Translation memory software company ForeignDesk, Okapi Framework, OmegaT, Transolution, AidTransStudio, Cafetran, Déjà Vu (DVX), Heartsome Translation Suite, MemoQ, MetaTexis, Rainbow, SDLX, SDL, STAR Transit, Trados, SDL Trados, Wordfast, WordFisher, Similis, Open Language Tools http://www.transgood.com