TransGood-Translation memory software Trados, SDL, ForeignDesk, Wordfast, WordFisher, Déjà Vu (DVX), 译佳计算机辅助翻译软件, 雅信CAT TransGood, TransMemory, Translation Software Tools, Computer-assisted translation, computer-aided translation, CAT, machine-aided translation, Translation memory software, Terminology management software, Alignment software, Software localization tools, ?bersetzung Software, Logiciels de traduction, Software di traduzione, Traducción de Software, Mémoire de traduction, Tradu??o memória, Memoria de traducción, Memoria di traduzione, Перевод Software, ForeignDesk, Okapi Framework, OmegaT, Transolution, AidTransStudio, Cafetran, Déjà Vu (DVX), Heartsome Translation Suite, MemoQ, MetaTexis, Rainbow, SDLX, SDL, STAR Transit, Trados, SDL Trados, Wordfast, WordFisher, Similis, Open Language Tools, 翻訳ソフトウェア, 翻訳メモリ, 翻译软件 辅助翻译软件 计算机辅助翻译软件 人工智能翻译 翻译工具 专业翻译软件 翻译记忆软件 塔多思 Trados SDL WordFast 雅信CAT 翻译公司 牛津词典 Oxford Dictionary name called. 他听到有人叫他, 就突然停了下来. 2 (idm 习语) be caught/taken `short (infml 口) suddenly feel the needto go to the lavatory urgently 突然感到要去厕所. bring/pull sb up short/sharply =>pull2. cut a long story short =>long1. cut sth/sb `short bring sth/sb to an end before the usual or natural time; interrupt sth/sb 结束或中断某事物: a career tragically cut short by illness 因疾病而不幸中断的事业* The interviewer cut short his guest in mid-sentence. 采访的人没等客 人把那句话说完就打断了他的话. fall short of sth not reach sth 未达到（某目的）: The money collected fell short of the amount required. 筹集的资金没达到所需的数额. * His achievements had fallen short of his hopes. 他的成就没有达到他期望的那麽大. go short (of sth) not have enough (of sth) 缺少（某物）; 欠缺: If you earn well, you'll never go short. 钱挣多了就什麽都不缺了. * The children must not go short of food. 儿童不可缺少食物. run short (of sth) use up most of one's supply (of sth) 已快用完（某物）: Go and get some more oil so we don't run short. 去多弄些油来以免到时 候用光了. * I'm late for work every day, and I'm running short of excuses. 我每天迟到, 现在找不到 什麽藉口了. sell sth/sb short =>sell. short of sth without sth; unless sth happens 没有（某事物）; 除 非（发生某事）: Short of a miracle, we're certain to lose now. 除非出现奇迹, 不然我们现在是输定 了. stop short of sth/doing sth =>stop1. short / FR:t; FRrt/ n (infml 口) 1 = short circuit (short1). 2 short film, esp one shown before the main film at a cinema 短片（尤指正片之前放映的）. 3 (esp pl 尤作复数) small strong alcoholic drink, esp of spirits 少量烈性酒精饮料; （尤指）烈酒. 4 (idm 习语) the long and short of it =>long2. short v. [I, Tn] (infml 口) = short-circuit (short1). shortage / 5FR:tIdV; `FRrtIdV/ n [C, U] lack of sth needed; deficiency 缺少; 不足; 短缺: food, fuel, housing shortages 食物、燃料、住房短缺* a shortage of rice, funds, equipment 大米、资金、 设备不足* owing to (a) shortage of staff 由于人员缺乏* a shortage of 50 tons 缺少50 吨 * There was no shortage of helpers. 不缺帮手. shorten / 5FR:tn; `FRrtn/ v [I, Tn] (cause sth to) become shorter （使某物）变短: The days are beginning to shorten, eg in autumn. 白天开始变短了（如在秋季）. * take two links out of the chain to shorten it 取下两个链环把链子弄短* They want to shorten the time it takes to make the car. 他们 想把生产汽车的时间缩短. Cf 参看 lengthen (length). shortening / 5FR:tnIN; `FRrtnIN/ n [U] fat used to make pastry light and crumbly 用以使糕饼松脆的 油脂. shortly / 5FR:tlI; `FRrtlI/ adv 1 in a short time; not long; soon 马上; 立刻; 不久: shortly afterwards 不久以后* coming shortly 很快就来* shortly before noon 中午前不久* I'll be with you shortly. 我马上就来. 2 in a cross way; curtly 无礼地; 唐突地: spoke to me rather shortly 很 不客气地和我说话. shorts / FR:ts; FRrts/ n [pl] 1 short trousers that do not reach the knee, eg as worn by children, or by adults playing sports or in hot weather 短裤: a pair of tennis shorts 一条网球短裤. 2 (US) men's underpants （男用）短内裤. shorty / 5FR:tI; `FRrtI/ n (infml 口) (a) (sometimes derog 有时作贬义) (used esp as a term of address 尤用作称谓) person who is shorter than average 矮个子. (b) garment that is shorter than average （比一般的）短的衣服: [attrib 作定语] a shorty mackintosh 短雨衣. Parthian shot / 9pB:WIEn 5FCt; 9pBrWIEn `FBt/ sharp or telling remark made by sb as he leaves 临 别所说的刻薄话. Cf 参看a parting shot (parting). shot / FCt; FBt/ n 1 [C] ~ (at sb/sth) act of shooting a gun, etc; sound of this 射击; 发射; 枪炮声: fire a few shots 放几枪* hear shots in the distance 听到远处的枪声* take a shot at the enemy 朝 敌人开枪* Two of her shots hit the centre of the target. 她有两枪打中靶心. * (fig 比喻) His remark was meant as a shot at me. 他的话是冲著我来的. 2 [C] ~ (at sth/doing sth) attempt to do sth; try 试图; 设法: have a shot at (solving) this problem 设法解决这一问题* After a few shots at guessing who did it, I gave up. 到底是谁干的, 我猜了几次没猜著就不再猜了. 3 [C] stroke in cricket, tennis, billiards, etc or a kick in football （板球、网球、台球等中的）击球; （足球中的） 踢: a backhand shot 反手抽击* Good shot! 好球! * The striker had/took a shot at goal, ie tried to score. 前锋射门. 4 [C] (a) (pl unchanged 复数不变) (formerly) non-explosive ball of stone or metal shot from a cannon or gun （旧时）大炮或枪使用的无炸药的石弹丸或金属弹丸. Cf 参看 cartridge 1, shell 3. (b) (often 常作the shot) [sing] heavy iron ball used in shot-put competitions （运 动竞赛用的）铅球: put (ie throw) the shot 推铅球. 5 [U] (also lead `shot) large number of tiny balls or pellets of lead packed inside cartridges fired from shotguns （猎枪用的）散弹. 6 [C] person with regard to his skill in shooting a gun, etc 射手; 枪手; 炮手: a first-class, good, poor, etc shot 第一流 的、好的、差劲的...射手. 7 [C] (a) photograph or scene photographed 镜头; 景: a long shot, ie taken with a long distance between the camera and the thing photographed 远镜头* a shot of the politician making a speech 政治家演讲的镜头. (b) single continuous film sequence photographed by one camera （电影中以同一摄影机拍摄的）连续镜头: an action shot of a car chase 汽车追赶动作 的连续镜头. 8 [C] launch of a space rocket, missile, etc （宇宙火箭、导弹等的）发射: the second space shot this year 今年的第二次空间发射. 9 [C] (infml 口) injection of a drug, etc with a hypodermic needle 皮下注射（药物等）: Have you had your typhus shots yet? 你打过斑疹伤寒防 疫针了吗? 10 [C] (infml 口) small amount of whisky, gin, etc （威士忌、杜松子酒等的）少量: a shot of vodka 一点伏特加. 11 (idm 习语) a big noise/shot =>big call the shots/tune =>call2. a leap/shot in the dark =>dark1. like a `shot (infml 口) (a) at once; without hesitation 立刻; 毫不犹豫 地: If I had the chance to go, I'd take it like a shot. 我要是有机会去, 我就不犹豫. (b) very fast 飞快 地: The dog was after the rabbit like a shot. 那只狗飞快地追赶兔子. a long shot =>long1. not by a long chalk/shot =>long1. a parting shot => parting. a shot in the `arm thing that encourages or gives fresh energy to sb/sth 起鼓舞或振奋作用的事物: The improved trade figures are a much-needed shot in the arm for the economy. 贸易数额增长是当前极需的推动国民经济的因素. shotgun n. 1 gun for firing cartridges containing shot1(5), eg at birds, rabbits, etc 散弹枪（如用于 打鸟、兔者）; 猎枪; 鸟枪. =>illus at gun 见 gun 插图. 2 (idm 习语) a shotgun `wedding wedding of two people who are or feel forced to marry, usu because the woman is pregnant 被迫举行 的结婚（通常指已怀孕）. shot-put n. [sing] (also ,putting the `shot) sports contest in which athletes try to throw a shot1(4b) as far as possible 推铅球; 掷铅球. shot / FCt; FBt/ adj 1 ~ (with sth) (of cloth) woven or dyed so as to show different colours when looked at from different angles （指织物）（织得或染得）颜色闪变的（从不同角度看颜色不同）: shot silk 闪光绸* a black curtain shot with silver 闪银光的黑色帷幔 * (fig 比喻) brown hair shot with grey 花白的棕色头发. 2 [usu pred 通常作表语] (infml 口 esp US) worn out; used up; wrecked 筋疲力尽; 用旧; 耗尽; 毁坏: Her patience was completely shot. 她已忍无可忍. 3 (idm 习语) shot through with sth containing much of (a quality); suffused with sth 很有（某特质）; 充满 著: conversation shot through with humour 富于幽默的交谈* comedy shot through with sadness 充满心酸的喜剧. shot pt, pp of shoot1. should / FEd; FEd; strong form 强读式FUd; FJd/ modal v (neg 否定式should not, contracted form 缩约式 shouldn't / 5FUdnt; `FJdnt/) 1 (a) (indicating obligation 用以表示义务或责任): You shouldn't drink and drive. 你不应该喝酒后开车. * Visitors should inform the receptionist of their arrival. 来宾在到达时应当知会接待员. * We should have bought a new lock for the front door. 我 们本该买把新锁安在前门上. =>Usage 1 at must 见must 所附用法第1 项. (b) (indicating advice or recommendation 用以表示劝告或推荐): He should stop smoking. 他应该戒烟. * You shouldn't leave a baby alone in the house. 你不应该把幼儿一个人留在家里. * They should have called the police. 他们本应该叫警察的. =>Usage 2 at must 见must 所附用法第2 项. 2 (drawing a tentative conclusion 用以表示试探性的推断): We should arrive before dark. 我们按说能在天黑前到达. * The roads should be less crowded today. 今天路上不致于那麽拥挤了. * I should have finished reading it by Friday. 我大概到星期五能把它看完. => Usage 3 at must 见must 所附用法第3 项. 3 (fml 文) (used to describe the consequence of an imagined event 用以表达假定的结果): If I was asked to work on Sundays I should resign. 要是叫我星期天上班, 我就辞职. * We should move to a larger house if we had the money. 我们要是有钱就找个大房子住了. 4 (used in a that-clause after the adjs anxious, sorry, concerned, happy, delighted, etc 用在形容词anxious 、 sorry、 concerned 、 happy、 delighted 等后接的that 从句中): I'm anxious that he should be well cared for. 我盼望他能 受到很好的照顾. * We're sorry that you should feel uncomfortable. 你觉得在这儿不舒服, 我们非 常抱歉. * That he should speak to you like that is quite astonishing. 他竟然这样对你说话, 实在让 人吃惊. * I am delighted that he should take that view. 他有那种看法, 我十分高兴. 5 (used after if and in case, or with subject and v reversed, to suggest that an event is unlikely to happen 用于if 和 in case 之后或将主语与动词倒置, 表示某事不太可能发生): If you should change your mind, do let me know. 万一你要改变主意, 一定要告诉我. * If he should have forgotten to go to the airport, nobody will be there to meet her. 要是他忘了去机场, 就没人去那儿接她了. * Should anyone phone (ie If anyone phones), please tell them I'm busy. 有人打电话来, 就说我很忙. 6 (fml 文) (used after so that/in order that to express purpose 用于so that/in order that 之后表示目的或动机): He put the cases in the car so that he should be able to make an early start. 他把箱子放在汽车里, 这 样他就可以早点动身了. * She repeated the instructions slowly in order that he should understand. 她把那些指示慢慢重复了一遍好让他听明白. 7 (a) (used to make polite requests 用作表示请求 的客气说法): I should like to make a phone call, if possible. 劳驾, 我想打个电话. * We should be grateful for your help. 承您协助, 不胜感激. Cf 参看would1 2a. (b) (used with imagine, say, think, etc to give tentative opinions 与imagine 、 say、 think 等连用, 表达不成熟的意见): I should imagine it will take about three hours. 我想得花大约三个钟头. * I should say she's over forty. 我说 她有四十多岁了. * `Is this long enough?' `I should think so.' ｀这个够长吗?＇｀我看可以了.＇ 8 (a) (used with question words to express lack of interest, disbelief, etc 与疑问词连用, 表示不感兴 趣、难以相信等): How should I know? 我怎麽知道呢? * Why should he think that? 他怎麽那麽想 呢? (b) (used with question words to express surprise 与疑问词连用表示惊讶): I was thinking of going to see John when who should appear but John himself. 我还想去看约翰, 想不到约翰来了. * I turned round on the bus and who should be sitting behind me but my ex-wife. 我在公共汽车上转过 身来, 谁料后面坐的竟是我的前妻. should pt of shall. shoulder / 5FEUldE(r); `FoldL/ n 1 [C] (a) part of the body where an arm, a foreleg or a wing is attached; part of the human body from this point to the neck 胳膊、前腿或翅膀与身体相连接的部 位; 肩; 肩膀; 肩胛: look back over one's shoulder 回头看* shrug one's shoulders 耸肩 * This coat is too narrow across the shoulders. 这件大衣肩部太窄. =>illus at human 见human 插图. =>Usage at body. (b) part of a garment covering this （衣服的）肩部: a jacket with padded shoulders 有垫肩的甲克. (c) [C, U] piece of meat cut from the upper foreleg of an animal 前腿肉（从动物前腿 上部切下的肉）: some shoulder of lamb, beef, etc 羊、牛等的前腿肉. 2 shoulders [pl] (a) part of the back between the shoulders 背的上部; 肩胛: a person with broad shoulders 肩宽的人 * a coalman carrying a sack on his shoulders 肩上扛著麻袋的送煤人* give a child a ride on one's shoulders 让子孩骑在肩膀上. (b) (fig 比喻) a person, with regard to the responsibilities, blame, etc he must bear 有责任的或须承担责任的人: shift the blame onto sb else's shoulders 把责任推给别人 承担* The burden of guilt has been lifted from my shoulders. 我已卸下了负疚的重担. * The duty fell upon her shoulders. 这一责任落在了她的肩上. 3 [C] part of a thing resembling a human shoulder in shape or position, eg on a bottle, tool, mountain 形状或部位似肩的部分（如瓶、工具、 山的）. =>illus at mountain 见mountain 插图. 4 (idm 习语) be/stand head and shoulders above sb/sth =>head1 a chip on one's shoulder => chip1. give sb/get the cold shoulder =>cold1. have a good head on one's shoulders =>head1. an old head on young shoulders =>old. put one's shoulder to the `wheel work hard at a task 努力工作: Come on, everyone, shoulders to the wheel we've got a lot to do. 快, 各位, 加把劲--我们有很多事情要做. rub shoulders with sb =>rub1. ,shoulder to `shoulder (a) side by side 肩并肩: soldiers standing shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩站著的士兵. (b) working, fighting, etc together; united 并肩工作、战斗等; 团结一致: shoulder to shoulder with one's fellow-workers in the dispute 辩论中与同事齐心协力. straight from the shoulder => straight2. shoulder v. 1 [Tn] (a) put (sth) on one's shoulder(s) 扛, 担, 挑, 掮（某物）: She shouldered her rucksack and set off along the road. 她背起帆布背包就上路了. (b) (fig 比喻) take (guilt, responsibility, etc) upon oneself 承担（罪责、责任等）: shoulder the duties of chairman 负起主席 的责任* She won't shoulder all the blame for the mistake. 她不承担该过失的全部责任. 2 [Tn.pr, Tn.p] push (sb/sth) with one's shoulder 用肩顶（某人[某物]）: shoulder sb to one side 用肩膀把某 人顶到一旁* He shouldered off a defender and shot at goal. 他用肩膀挡开防守队员后射门. 3 (phr v) shoulder one's way in, through, past, etc move in the specified direction by pushing with one's shoulder(s) 用肩膀沿某方向挤出一条路: shoulder one's way into the room 用肩膀挤著进入房间 * shoulder one's way through (the crowd) 用肩膀挤著穿过人群. shoulder-bag n. bag hung over the shoulder by a long strap 背在肩上的手提包. shoulder-blade n. either of the two large flat bones at the top of the back; scapula 肩胛骨. =>illus at skeleton 见 skeleton 插图. shoulder-strap n. (a) narrow strip of material that goes over the shoulder to support a bra, nightdress, etc （乳罩上、睡衣裙上及儿童服装等的）肩带. (b) narrow strap on the shoulder of a military uniform, a raincoat, an overcoat, etc （军服、雨衣、大衣等的）肩带. shout / FaUt; FaJt/ n 1 loud call or cry 呼喊; 喊叫: shouts of joy, alarm, excitement, etc 欢呼、惊 叫、激动的喊叫* Her warning shout came too late. 她发出的警告呼喊声来得太晚了. * She was greeted with shouts of `Long live the President!' 大家欢迎她, 高呼著｀总统万岁!＇ 2 (sl esp Austral or NZ 俚, 尤用于澳大利亚或新西兰) person's turn to buy drinks 轮到某人请喝饮料: What will you have? It's my shout. 你要喝什麽? 该我请客了. shout v. 1 (a) [I, Ipr, Ip, Cn.a, Dpr.f, Dpr.t no passive 不用于被动语态, Dpr.w] ~ (at/to sb); ~ (out) speak or call out in a loud voice 大声说; 喊; 呼; 叫: shout for joy 欢呼* shout (out) in pain 痛得 大叫* We had to shout because the music was so loud. 因为音乐音量太大, 我们只好大声叫喊. * Don't shout at me! 别冲著我喊! * She shouted to me across the room. 她在房间的另一端向我喊. * She shouted herself hoarse cheering on the team. 她为该队喝采把噪子都喊哑了. * He shouted to me that the boat was sinking. 他对我大声喊叫说船要沉了. * I shouted to him to shut the gate. 我大 声告诉他把门关上. (b) [Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p, Tf no passive 不用于被动语态] ~ sth (at/to sb); ~ sth (out) say sth in a loud voice 大声说（某事）: I shouted (out) my name to the teacher. 我向老师大声说出 我的名字. * `Go back,' she shouted. ｀回去,＇她喊道. * They shouted their disapproval, ie expressed it by shouting. 他们大声喊著反对. * She shouted that she couldn't hear properly. 她大声说她听不 清楚. 2 (phr v) shout sb down shout to prevent sb from speaking 大声喊叫以阻止某人说话: The crowd shouted the speaker down. 群众高声喊叫把演讲人的声音压了下去. shouting n. [U] 1 shouts 叫; 喊: [attrib 作定语] within shouting distance, ie near enough to hear sth shouted 在能听到彼此喊声的距离. 2 (idm 习语) be all over ,bar the `shouting (of a performance, contest, etc) be concluded or decided, with only the applause, the official announcement, etc to follow （指演出、竞赛等）大局已定, 胜负已分（只剩下欢呼声、大会正式宣布等）: Now that most of the election results have been declared, it's all over bar the shouting. 因为选举结果多已 公布, 可谓大局已定. shout NOTE ON USAGE 用法: Compare cry (out), shout, yell and scream. 试比较cry (out) 、 shout、 yell 、 scream 的用法. These verbs indicate people making different kinds of noise for various reasons. 这四个动词指人们因不同原因而发出各种声音. We cry out by making a sharp noise as an automatic reaction to pain, surprise, etc *cry out 指发出尖利的声音, 是痛苦、惊讶等的自然反应: He cried out in fright as the dark figure approached. 那个黑影向他逼近, 他吓得叫了出来. We shout in anger or to get attention *shout 是因愤怒或为引起注意而发出的声音: I don't like our teacher; he's always shouting at us. 我不喜欢我们的老师, 他动不动就大声说我们. * I had to shout to make myself heard. 我得大声嚷, 否则根本听不见我的声音. Yell is to make a high-pitched shout of pain, fear or excitement *yell 是指因痛苦、恐惧或激动而尖叫: We heard him yelling for help. 我们听见 他高呼救命. It can also indicate loud shouting 这个词还可指大声呼喊: You don't have to yell; I can hear you. 你用不著喊, 我听得见. People scream in pain, fear or excitement. *scream 指因痛苦、恐 惧或激动而喊叫. It is a very loud, high-pitched noise 这种喊叫, 声音大而尖利: The baby woke up screaming. 那婴儿醒来时尖声哭叫. These verbs can all be used instead of `say' to indicate ways of speaking 这几个动词都可用以替换say, 表示说话的方式: `Get out!' she screamed/yelled/shouted. ｀走开!＇她高声喊道. * `Who's there?' he cried (out). ｀谁呀?＇他嚷道. shove / FQv; FQv/ v 1 [I, Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] push (sb/sth) roughly 乱推, 挤, 撞（某人[某物]）: a crowd pushing and shoving to get in 推推搡搡往里挤的人群* Who shoved me? 谁撞我了? * He shoved her out of the way. 他把她推到了一边. * The policeman shoved me aside. 警察把我挤到一 旁. 2 [Tn.pr, Tn.p] (infml 口) put (sth) casually (in a place) 随意将（某物）放在（某处）: shove papers (away) in a drawer 把文件往抽屉里胡乱一塞* `Where shall I put the case?' `Shove it on top of the car.' ｀我把箱子放在哪里?＇｀先放在汽车顶上吧.＇ 3 (idm 习语) put/shove/stick one's oar in =>oar. 4 (phr v) shove off (a) push a boat out onto the water away from the shore (eg by pushing the shore with a pole) 将船推离岸边（如用篙撑）. (b) (infml 口) (often imperative 常用于祈使句) leave; go away 离开; 走开: You aren't wanted here, so shove off! 这儿不需要你, 走开! shove up (infml 口) move along, esp in order to make more room 向前移动（尤指为腾出地方）: We can get one more in if you shove up. 向前挤一挤我们还能再进一个人. shove n. (usu sing 通常作单数) rough push 乱推; 挤; 撞: give sb/sth a good shove 猛推某人[某 物]. shove-halfpenny / 9FQv 5heIpnI; `FQv`hepEnI/ n [U] game played in pubs, etc, in which coins are pushed with the hand along a marked board （在酒馆等玩的）推硬币游戏. shovel / 5FQvl; `FQvl/ n 1 tool like a spade with curved edges, used for moving earth, snow, sand, etc 铲; 铁. =>illus at spade 见 spade 插图. 2 part of a large earth-moving machine that scoops up earth, etc like a shovel 挖土机或推土机前的铲形部分. shovel v. (-ll-; US -l-) 1 [Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] lift or move (sth) with a shovel （用铲子或铁）铲（某 物）: spend hours shovelling snow 用几个小时铲雪* shovel sand into the hole 把沙子铲进洞里 * shovel up coal into the container 把煤铲起来放进箱子里 * (fig derog 比喻, 贬) shovelling food into their mouths （他们）把食物大块大块地塞进嘴里. 2 [Tn, Cn.a] make or clear (sth) by shovelling 铲成, 铲净（某物）: shovel a path through the snow 在雪中铲出一条路* shovel the pavement clear of snow 把人行道上的雪铲乾净. shovelful / -fUl; -fJl/ n amount that a shovel can hold 一铲或一铲之量: two shovelfuls of earth 两 铲的土. show / FEU; Fo/ n 1 [C] any type of public entertainment, eg a circus, a theatre performance, or a radio or TV programme 演出; 表演; 节目: a TV quiz show 电视上的智力竞赛节目* a comedy show on radio 收音机里的喜剧节目* She has her own chat show. 她有个个人漫谈节目. * The most successful shows in the London theatre are often musicals. 伦敦剧院最叫座的剧目往往是歌舞 喜剧. 2 [C] public display or exhibition, eg of things in a competition, new products, etc 展览; 展 览会: a flower, horse, cattle show 花卉、马、牛的展览会* the motor show, ie where new models of cars, etc are displayed 汽车展览会* the Lord Mayor's Show, ie a procession through the streets of London when a new Mayoris appointed 伦敦市长的就职游行. =>Usage at demonstration 用法见 demonstration. 3 [C, U] (a) thing done to give a certain impression, often a false one; outward appearance 表面上做出的样子（常指虚伪的）; 外观: a show of defiance, strength, friendship, sympathy 做出的蔑视、强大、友好、同情的样子* His public expressions of grief are nothing but show. 他公开表示悲痛只不过是做做样子而已. (b) splendid or pompous display 炫耀; 夸示: a fine show of blossom on the apple trees 苹果树上盛开的花朵* all the glitter and show of the circus 马戏团的光彩华丽的洋洋大观* They are too fond of show, ie too ostentatious. 他们太好炫耀. 4 [C usu sing 通常作单数] (Brit infml 口) thing done or performed in a specified way 表现: a poor show, ie sth done badly 表现不佳* put up a good show, eg do well in examinations or a contest 表 现良好. 5 [C] (infml 口) anything that is happening; organization, business or undertaking 事情; 组织; 事业; 企业: She runs the whole show. 她负责全部业务. * Let's get this show moving, ie start work. 咱们先干起来吧. * This is the manager's show: you must ask him about it. 这是经理的事: 你得问他. 6 (idm 习语) for `show intended to be seen but not used 为了给人看而不是为了使用: She only has those books for show she never reads them. 她的那些书只是装门面的--她从来不 看. ,good `show! (Brit infml 口) (used to express approval or congratulation when sth has been done well 用以表示赞成或祝贺某事干得好): You passed your exams? Good show! 你考试及格了? 好 极了! on `show being displayed 在展览中; 陈列著: All the new products were on show at the exhibition. 展览会上陈列著所有的新产品. a show of `hands raising of hands by a group of people to vote for or against sth 举手表决（赞成或反对某事）: The issue was decided by a show of hands. 这件事是通过举手表决决定的. * Who is in favour of the proposal? Can I have a show of hands, please? 谁赞成这项建议? 请大家举手表决好吗? steal the scene/show =>steal. stop the show =>stop1. showy adj. (-ier, -iest) (often derog 常作贬义) attracting attention through being bright, colourful or exaggerated 夸示的; 炫示的: a showy dress, hair-style, manner 花哨的连衣裙、招眼的发型、做 作的态度. showily / -IlI; -ElI/ adv: dress very showily 穿得十分艳丽. showiness n. [U]. showbiz / 5FEUbIz; `FobIz/ n [U] (infml 口) = show business. show business business of professional entertainment,esp in the theatre, in films, in TV, etc 演艺业, 娱乐界（尤指戏 剧、电影、电视等）: working in show business 在娱乐界工作 * [attrib 作定语] show-business people, news 娱乐界人士、新闻. show-case n. 1 case with a glass top or sides, for displaying articles in a shop, museum, etc （商 店、博物馆等的）玻璃柜橱, 陈列橱. 2 (fig 比喻) any means of showing sth favourably 显示某 事物优点的方法: The programme is a show-case for young talent. 该计画旨在展示年轻人的才华. show-down n. final test, argument or fight to settle adispute （为解决争端的）最后的较量: The two contenders for the world championship will meet for a show-down next month. 两位世界冠军竞争者 将于下月一决雌雄. * Management are seeking a show-down with the unions on the issue of illegal strikes. 资方正在就非法罢工问题与工会摊牌. showgirl n. girl (usu one of a group) who sings and dances in a musical show （歌舞喜剧中的）歌 舞女演员. show-jumping n. [U] sport of riding a horse to jump over barriers, fences, etc 骑马跳越障碍运动: [attrib 作定语] a show-jumping competition 骑马跳越障碍比赛. showman / -mEn; -mEn/ n (pl -men / -mEn; -mEn/) 1 person who organizes public entertainments, eg musicals, pop concerts, etc 演出主持人（如歌舞喜剧、流行音乐会等的）. 2 person who is skilled in showmanship 善于引起公众注意的人: He's always been a bit of a showman, ie fond of drawing attention to himself. 他总是爱出风头. showmanship n. [U] skill in attracting public attention, eg to sth one wishes to sell or to one's own abilities 引起大家注意的技巧（如招揽生意或展示能力）. show-piece n. thing that is an excellent example of its type and is therefore used for display 供展出 的样品. show-place n. place that is attractive or interesting, eg for tourists 吸引人的或有趣的地方（如游客 去处）: old castles, palaces and other show-places 古老的城堡、皇宫以及其他游览胜地. showroom n. place where things, eg goods for sale, are put on display 商品陈列室. show / FEU; Fo/ v (pt showed, pp shown / FEUn; Fon/ or, rarely, 罕读作 showed) 1 (a) [Tn, Cn.a, Cn.g, Dn.n, Dn.pr] ~ sb/sth (to sb) cause sb/sth to be seen; display sb/sth 使某人[某物]被看见; 显示 或展示某人[某物]: You must show your ticket at the barrier. 必须在检票处出示票. * The film is being shown at the local cinema. 本地影院正在上映这部电影. * Her paintings are being shown (ie exhibited) at a gallery in London. 她的画正在伦敦的一个美术馆里展出. * The photo shows her dressed in black. 在这张照片里, 她穿著黑衣服. * In the portrait he is shown lying on a sofa. 在这 张画像中画著他躺在沙发上. * He showed me his pictures. 他给我看了他的照片. * She has shown them to all her friends. 她把那些东西给她所有的朋友都看过了. (b) [Tn, Tf, Tw] allow (sth) to be seen; reveal 使（某物）被看见; 显露: A dark suit doesn't show the dirt so much. 黑色的套装禁脏. * My shoes are showing signs of wear. 我的鞋已经显得旧了. 2 [I, Ipr, Ip] be visible or noticeable 看得见; 可察觉出: Your petticoat is showing, Jane. 简, 你的衬裙露出来了. * Does the scar still show? 伤疤还看得出来吗? * His fear showed in his eyes. 他眼里露出恐惧的目光. * Her laziness showed in her exam results. 她平时懒惰从她的考试成绩可以看得出来. * His shirt was so thin that his vest showed through (it). 他的衬衫很薄, 连里面穿的背心都能看见. 3 [Tn no passive 不用于 被动语态, Dn.n, Dn.w] point (sth) out; indicate 指出（某物）; 指示; 告知: The clock shows half past two. 时钟的针指著两点半. * Show me which picture you drew. 告诉我哪张是你画的. 4 [Tn no passive 不用于被动语态] (a) ~ itself be visible 呈现; 可看出: His annoyance showed itself in his face. 从他的脸上可以看出他有烦恼. * The sun didn't show itself all day. 一整天没出太阳. (b) ~ oneself be present; appear 出席; 出现: He showed himself briefly at the party. 他在聚会上匆匆露 了一面. * The leader rarely shows herself in public. 这位领导她很少在公众场合露面. 5 [Tn, Dn.n, Dn.pr] treat (sb) with (kindness, respect, cruelty, etc); give; grant 对（某人）（和蔼、尊敬、残忍 等）; 给; 施予: The king often shows mercy (to prisoners). 这位国王常（对囚犯）大发慈悲. * The priest showed me great understanding. 神父对我非常理解. * They showed nothing but contempt for him. 他们对他轻蔑已极. 6 [Tn, Cn.a, Cn.n no passive 不用于被动语态] give evidence or proof of being or having (sth) 证明、证实或表明为或有（某特质）: show no signs of intelligence 表现得 一点也不聪明* a soldier who showed great courage/showed himself to be very brave 表现得非常 勇敢的士兵* She showed herself unable to deal with money. 她做出的事表明她不善理财. * He showed himself (to be) a dishonest rascal. 他的表现证明他是个无赖. 7 [Tn, Tf, Tw, Tnt, Dn.n, Dn.pr, Dn.f, Dn.w] ~sth (to sb) make sth clear; demonstrate sth; prove sth 使某事物清楚; 阐明或证 明某事物: show the falseness of her claims/that her claims are false 证明她的说法不确 * show (him) how to do it/what to do 告诉（他）如何做[做什麽] * His expression shows how unhappy he is. 他的 表情说明他非常不愉快. * Her new book shows her to be a first-rate novelist. 她的新书表明她是第 一流的小说家. * They were shown the tragedy of war. 他们了解到了战争的悲惨. * She showed her methods of analysis to her pupils. 她向学生展示自己的分析方法. 8 [Tn.pr, Tn.p] lead or conduct (sb) to the specified place or in the specified direction 引领（某人）; 引导; 指引: We were shown into the waiting-room. 把我们带到了候客室. * Please show this lady out (of the building). 请把这 位太太送出去. * The usherette showed us to our seats. 女引座员把我们带到座位上. * Our trained guides will show you round (the museum). 我们这些训练有素的导游来带你们参观（博物馆）. 9 [Tn no passive 不用于被动语态] (infml 口) prove one's ability or worth to (sb) 向（某人）证实自 己有能力或价值: They think I can't win, but I'll show them. 他们认为我赢不了, 但我要让他们看 看. 10 (sl 俚esp US) appear; show up 出现; 露面: I waited for you all morning but you never showed. 我整个上午都在等你, 但是没见到你的影子. 11 [I] (US) win a place (third or better) in a horse race 赛马中得名次（前三名）. 12 (idm 习语) do/show sb a kindness =>kindness (kind1). fly/show/wave the flag =>flag1. go to `show serve to prove or demonstrate 用以证明或显示: You've got no money now. It all/only goes to show you shouldn't gamble. 你现在没钱了, 这完全证明你不 应该赌博. show (sb) a clean pair of `heels (infml often joc 口, 常作戏谑语) run away 跑掉; 溜之 大吉. show sb the `door ask sb to leave 叫某人离开; 逐出: After having insulted his host, he was shown the door. 他侮辱了主人, 结果被轰了出去. show one's `face appear before people 露面: She daren't show her face in the street. 她不敢在街上露面. show one's `hand/`cards reveal one's intentions or plans 表明意图或计画: I suspect they're planning something but they haven't shown their hand yet. 我怀疑他们在策画什麽事, 但是他们还没表露出来. show sb/know/learn the ropes =>rope. show a `leg (infml joc 口, 谑) get out of bed 起床. show one's teeth use one's power or authority to intimidate or punish sb 用权力或权威来吓唬或惩罚某人. show (sb) the `way (a) tell sb how to get to a certain place 告诉（某人）怎样到达某处: show him the way to the station 告诉他到 车站怎麽走. (b) be an example to sb 成为某人的榜样: Let's hope her bravery will show the way for other young people. 希望她的英雄行为能成为年轻人的榜样. show the white `feather act in a cowardly way; show fear 示弱; 胆怯. show `willing show that one is ready to do sth, eg work hard, help, etc 表示愿意做某事（如努力工作、帮助别人等）: I don't think I'm needed as a helper, but I'll go anyway, just to show willing. 我想并不需要我帮忙, 但我还是要去, 以示诚意. (have) something, nothing, etc to show for sth (have) something, nothing, etc as a result of sth 在某事物上 有些、没有成果等: All those years of hard work, and nothing to show for it! 苦干了那麽多年, 却 拿不出成绩来. * I've only got 100 to show for all the stuff I sold. 我卖了那麽多东西, 只得到区区 100 英镑. 13 (phr v) show off (infml often derog 口, 常作贬义) try to impress others with one's abilities, wealth, intelligence, etc 炫耀自己的能力、财富、智慧等: Do stop showing off it's embarrassing. 快别卖弄了--太难为情了. * The child danced around the room, showing off to everybody. 那个孩子满屋子跳舞, 向大家显派一番. show sb/sth off draw people's attention to sb/sth 吸引大家注意某人[某事物]: a dress that shows off her figure well 能充分衬托出她那身段 的连衣裙* She was showing off her new husband at the party. 她在聚会上引著大家注意她的新郎. * He likes showing off how well he speaks French. 他喜欢引人注意到他法语说得非常好. show up (infml 口) arrive, often after a delay; appear 到来（通常在耽搁一段时间后）; 出现: It was ten o'clock when he finally showed up. 十点钟时他终于到了. * We were hoping for a full team today but only five players showed up. 今天我们希望全体队员都到齐, 但结果只到了五个人. show (sth) up (cause sth to) become visible （使某物）显现出来: The dust on the shelf shows up in the sunlight. 在阳光照射下能看见架子上有灰尘. * Close inspection shows up the cracks in the stonework. 仔细 观察就能发现这石雕中有裂缝. show sb up (infml 口) make sb feel embarrassed by behaving badly in his company 因举止失当使某人羞与为伍: He showed me up by falling asleep at the concert. 他 在音乐会上睡著了, 弄得我很难为情. show sb up (as/for sth/to be sth) show sb to be (dishonest, disreputable, etc) 显露某人（不诚实、不名誉等）: His diary shows him up as/shows him up to have been a greedy, arrogant man. 他的日记暴露出他又贪婪又傲慢. showing n. 1 act of showing 演出; 表演: two showings of the film daily 该电影每天放映两场. 2 (usu sing 通常作单数) record or evidence of the success, quality, etc of sb/sth （某人[某事物]的） 功过、好坏、表现等: the company's poor financial showing in recent years 公司近年来的财务不 佳情况* On (ie Judging by) last week's showing, the team is unlikely to win today. 按上星期的情 况判断, 这个队今天不太可能赢. show-off n. (derog 贬) person who tries to impress others in speech or actions 爱炫耀的人: Take no notice of him you know what a show-off he is. 别理睬他--你知道他多喜欢卖弄. shower / 5FaUE(r); `FaJL/ n 1 (a) brief fall of rain, sleet or hail; sudden sprinkle of water 一阵的 雨、雨夹雪或冰雹; 突然喷洒的水: be caught in a shower 遇到阵雨* a shower of spray 一阵喷 雾. (b) large number of things falling or arriving together 大量同时来到的事物: a shower of stones, arrows, dust, ash 一阵乱石、乱箭、灰尘、灰烬 * (fig 比喻) a shower of insults, blessings 一番 侮辱、祝福. 2 (a) (small room or cabinet containing a) device attached to the water supply, which produces a spray of water for washing 淋浴设备; 喷头; 淋浴室: I'm in the shower. 我在淋浴室呢. * [attrib 作定语] a shower cap, ie for keeping the hair dry 淋浴帽（防止头发淋湿的）. (b) wash in or under this 淋浴: take a shower 淋浴. 3 (US) party at which presents are given to a person, esp a woman about to get married or have a baby 礼物赠送会（尤指为即将结婚或分娩的女子举行的）. shower v. 1 [Ipr, Ip] ~ (down) on sb/sth; ~ down fall in a shower 阵雨般地降落: Small stones showered (down) on us from above. 小石块阵雨般地落在我们身上. * Good wishes showered (down) on the bride and bridegroom. 大家纷纷向新娘新郎祝福. 2 [Tn.pr] ~ sb with sth; ~ sth on/upon sb (a) cause (a great number of things) to fall on sb 使（大量东西）落在某人身上: shower the newly-weds with confetti 向新婚夫妇撒彩色纸屑* The falling wall showered dust on us. 墙倒 了, 落了我们一身土. (b) send or give sth to sb in great numbers 给某人大量的某物: The dancer was showered with praise. 那个跳舞的人备受称赞. * shower gifts on sb 向某人赠送大量礼物 * Honours were showered upon the hero. 人们纷纷向那位英雄致敬. =>Usage at spray2 用法见 spray2. showery / 5FaUErI; `FaJErI/ adj (of the weather) with frequent showers of rain （指天气）多阵雨 的: a showery day 有阵雨的一天. shower-proof adj. (of clothing) that can keep out light rain （指衣服）防小雨的. shown pp of show2. shrank pt of shrink. shrapnel / 5FrApnEl; `FrApnEl/ n [U] small fragments of metal encased in a shell and scattered when the shell explodes 榴霰弹: be hit by (a piece of) shrapnel 被榴霰弹（弹片）击中. shred / Fred; FrZd/ n 1 (esp pl 尤作复数) strip or piece torn, cut or scraped from sth （撕下、切下 或刮下的）细条, 碎片: The jacket was torn to shreds by the barbed wire. 那件甲克让铁丝网给挂碎 了. 2 ~ of sth (usu sing, in questions and negative sentences 通常作单数, 用于疑问句与否定句中) (fig 比喻) small amount of sth 少量: not a shred of truth in what she says 她说的没有一点实话 * Can they find a shred of evidence against me? 他们能找到丝毫不利于我的证据来吗? > shred v (-dd-) [Tn] tear, cut, etc (sth) into shreds 将（某物）撕成细条、切成碎片等: shredded cabbage 切 成丝的洋白菜* shredding top-secret documents 用碎纸机切碎绝密文件. shredder n device that shreds, esp one that cuts documents into very small pieces so that they cannot be read 切碎机; （尤指 用以销毁文件的）碎纸机. shrew / Fru:; Fru/ n 1 small mouse-like animal that feeds on insects （似鼠的小动物, 以昆虫为食）. 2 (dated 旧) bad-tempered scolding woman 脾气坏而好骂人的女子. shrewish adj. bad-tempered; scolding 脾气坏的; 爱骂人的. shrewishly adv. shrewishness n. [U]. shrewd / Fru:d; Frud/ adj (-er, -est) having or showing good judgement and common sense; astute 有 准确判断力和常识的; 精明的; 敏锐的: a shrewd financier, dealer, politician, etc 精明的金融家、 商人、政治家等* a shrewd argument, plan, measure, investment 高明的论点、计画、措施、投 资* make a shrewd guess, ie one that is likely to be right 猜得相当准. shrewdly adv. shrewdness n. [U]. shriek / Fri:k; Frik/ v (a) [Ipr, Ip] ~ with sth; ~ (out) utter a shrill scream 尖叫: shrieking with laughter, excitement 尖声大笑、激动的尖叫* shriek (out) in fright 吓得尖叫起来. (b) [Tn, Tn.p] ~ sth (out) utter sth with a shrill scream 尖声说出: shriek (out) a warning 尖声警告 * `I hate you,' he shrieked. ｀我讨厌你,＇他尖声叫道. shriek n. shrill scream 尖叫声: shrieks of laughter 尖利的笑声 * He gave a loud shriek and dropped the pan. 他尖叫了一声就把锅扔下了. shrift / FrIft; FrIft/ n (idm 习语) give sb/sth/get short shrift =>short1. shrike / FraIk; FraIk/ n bird with a strong hooked bill which often impales its prey (small birds and insects) on thorns 伯劳（鸟, 喙弯而坚, 常将捕捉的小鸟和昆虫穿挂在荆刺上）. shrill / FrIl; FrIl/ adj 1 (-er, -est) (of sounds, voices, etc) high-pitched; piercing; sharp （指声响、嗓 音等）高声调的, 尖锐的, 刺耳的: a shrill cry, whistle 尖叫声、刺耳的汽笛声* the shrill call of the parrot 鹦鹉的尖叫声.2 (fig sometimes derog 比喻, 有时作贬义) making loud, persistent and forceful complaints, demands, etc 大声、执著、强烈地提出申诉、要求等的: his shrill protests about cruelty 他大声疾呼反对残酷行为 *The Opposition were shrill in their criticism of the Government's action. 反对党声嘶力竭地抨击政府的措施. shrilly / 5FrIlI; `FrIlI/ adv: scream shrilly 高声叫喊* complain shrilly in a letter 在信中笔锋尖利 地表示不满. shrillness n. [U]. shrimp / FrImp; FrImp/ n 1 small marine shellfish that is used for food, becoming pink when boiled 小虾. =>illus at shellfish 见 shellfish 插图. 2 (joc or derog 谑或贬) very small person 矮小的人: a pale, skinny shrimp 面黄肌瘦的小个子. shrimp v. [I] (usu 通常作go shrimping) try to catch shrimps 去捉小虾. shrine / FraIn; FraIn/ n 1 any place that is regarded as holy because of its associations with a special person or event 神圣的地方或处所; 圣地; 圣坛; 圣祠; 神龛: He built a chapel as a shrine to the memory of his dead wife. 他建了一座小教堂作为悼念亡妻的圣所. * (fig 比喻) Wimbledon is a shrine for all lovers of tennis. 温布尔登是所有网球爱好者的圣地. 2 tomb or container in which holy relics are kept 圣陵; 圣骨匣. shrink / FrINk; FrINk/ v (pt shrank / FrANk; FrANk/ or shrunk / FrQNk; FrQNk/, pp shrunk) 1 [I, Tn] (cause sth to) become smaller, esp because of moisture or heat or cold （使某物）收缩（尤指因 受潮、受热或受凉所致）; 萎缩: Will this shirt shrink in the wash? 这件衬衫洗后缩水吗? * The dough shrank slowly in the cold air. 面团在冷空气中慢慢收缩了. * Car sales have been shrinking (ie Fewer have been sold) recently. 汽车销量近来一直在下降. * The hot water shrank my pullover. 我的套头毛衣遇热水后收缩了. 2 (idm 习语) a ,shrinking `violet (joc 谑) timid or shy person 胆 小的或怕羞的人: She's no shrinking violet always ready to speak up for herself. 她可不胆小--任 何场合都能为自己说话. 3 (phr v) shrink (away/back) from sth/sb move back or withdraw from sth/sb, esp through fear or disgust 退缩;畏缩: As he moved threateningly forward she shrank (back) from him. 他步步逼近, 把她吓得直（向后）退缩. shrink from sth/doing sth be reluctant to do sth 不 愿做某事: He shrinks from hurting animals. 他很怕伤害了动物. shrink n. (sl joc 俚, 谑esp US) psychiatrist 精神科医生; 精神病学家. shrinkage / 5FrINkIdV; `FrINkIdV/ n [U] process of shrinking; amount by which sth shrinks 收缩 过程; 收缩量; 收缩程度: You can expect some shrinkage when the jeans are washed. 这种牛仔裤 洗后要缩些水. * There has been some shrinkage in our export trade. 我们的出口贸易已有些萎缩. shrunken / 5FrQNkEn; `FrQNkEn/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] having shrunk 萎缩的; 收缩的: an old, shrunken apple 因放久而蔫了的苹果* the shrunken body of a starving child 孩子饿瘦的身 体. shrink-wrap v. (-pp-) [Tn esp passive 尤用于被动语态] wrap (eg food) in plastic film that shrinks tightly round it 用收缩性塑料薄膜包装（如食物）: shrink-wrapped `cheese 用收缩塑料薄膜包 装的乾酪. shrive / FraIv; FraIv/ v (pt shrived or shrove / FrEUv; Frov/, pp shrived or shriven / 5FrIvn; `FrIvEn/) [Tn] (arch 古) (of a priest) hear (sb) confess his sins and forgive him for them （指教士）听（某人） 忏悔并赦其罪. shrivel / 5FrIvl; `FrIvl/ v (-ll-; US -l-) [I, Ip, Tn, Tn.p] ~ (sth) (up) (cause sth to) shrink and wrinkle from heat, cold or dryness （使某物）蔫, 萎缩, 枯萎（因热、冷或乾所致）: The leaves shrivelled (up) in the sun. 叶子在阳光下都蔫了. * The dry air shrivels the leather. 因空气乾燥, 皮子已起皱 了. * He has a shrivelled face, ie with many wrinkles. 他脸上有很多皱纹. shroud / FraUd; FraJd/ n 1 (also `winding-sheet) [C] cloth or sheet in which a dead person is wrapped for burial 裹尸布; 寿衣. 2 [C] ~ (of sth) (fig 比喻) thing that covers and hides 覆盖物; 遮蔽物: a shroud of fog, smoke, etc 一片浓雾、烟雾等* cloaked in a shroud of mystery/secrecy 笼罩在神秘的[秘密的]气氛中. 3 shrouds [pl] ropes supporting a ship's masts 支桅索. shroud v. [Tn.pr esp passive 尤用于被动语态] ~ sth in sth cover or hide sth with sth 用某物覆盖 或遮蔽他物: shrouded in darkness, mist, etc 笼罩在黑暗、雾霭等中* a crime shrouded in mystery 笼罩在神秘气氛中的罪案. Shrove Tuesday / 9FrEUv 5tju:zdI, -deI; ?@ 5tu:z-; `Frov`tuzdI, -de/ day before the beginning of Lent, on which people were often shriven 忏悔节（大斋首日的前一天, 人们曾常在此日忏悔请求赦罪）. Cf 参看 Ash Wednesday (ash2). shrub / FrQb; FrQb/ n plant with a woody stem, lower than a tree and often having smaller stems branching off near the ground （有一个主茎的）灌木: [attrib 作定语] shrub roses 灌木蔷薇. Cf 参 看 bush shrubbery / 5FrQbErI;`FrQbErI/ n [C, U] area planted with shrubs 灌木丛: plant a shrubbery 栽种 灌木林* hiding in some shrubbery 藏在灌木丛中. shrug / FrQg; FrQ-/ v (-gg-) 1 [I, Tn] raise (one's shoulders) slightly to express doubt, indifference, ignorance, etc 耸（肩）（以示怀疑、与己无关、不知道等）: I asked her where Sam was, but she just shrugged (her shoulders), ie to show she didn't know or didn't care. 我问她萨姆在哪儿, 她只是 耸了耸肩（表示不知道或与己无关）. 2 (phr v) shrug sth off dismiss sth as being unimportant （认 为某事物不重要）不予理会: I admire the way she is able to shrug off unfair criticism. 我很佩服她能 对错误的批评意见不予理会. shrug n. (usu sing 通常作单数) movement of shrugging the shoulders 耸肩: with a shrug of the shoulders 耸耸肩* She gave a shrug and walked away. 她耸了耸肩就走开了. shrunk, shrunken =>shrink. shuck / FQk; FQk/ n (US) 1 [C] outer covering of a nut, etc; shell; husk （坚果等的）外壳; 荚; 外 皮. 2 shucks [pl] thing of little value 没什麽价值的东西: not worth shucks 没有价值. shuck v. [Tn] (US) remove the shucks from (sth); shell 剥去（某物）的壳; 去荚: shuck peanuts, maize, peas 剥花生、玉米、豆. shucks interj (US infml 口) (used to express annoyance, regret, embarrassment, etc 用以表示恼怒、悔恨、 尴尬等). shudder / 5FQdE(r); `FQdL/ v (a) [I, Ipr, It] ~ (with sth) shiver violently with cold, fear, etc; tremble （因寒冷、恐惧等）发抖, 战栗: shudder with pleasure in a hot bath 洗热水澡时舒适得抖动起来 * shudder (with horror) at the sight of blood 看到血（吓得）发抖* I shudder to think of the problems ahead of us. 我想到摆在面前的问题就不寒而栗. (b) [I] make a strong shaking movement; vibrate 剧烈地摇晃、摆动; 震动: The ship shuddered as it hit the rocks. 船撞到礁石上剧烈地摇晃起来. shudder n. shuddering movement 战栗; 发抖; 摆动; 震动: A shudder of fear ran through him. 他 吓得浑身哆嗦. * (infml 口) It gives me the shudders, ie terrifies me 我害怕极了. shuffle / 5FQfl; `FQfl/ v 1 (a) [I, Ipr, Ip] walk without lifting the feet completely clear of the ground 拖著脚步走: Walk properly don't shuffle. 好好走路--脚别蹭地. * The prisoners shuffled along the corridor and into their cells. 囚犯们沿著走廊拖著脚步进入牢房. * The queue shuffled forward slowly. 排长队的人拖著脚步往前蹭. (b) [I, Tn] change one's position or move (one's feet) about while standing or sitting, because of nervousness, boredom, etc （因紧张、厌烦等）站著或坐著时 改变位置或移动（双足）: The audience began to shuffle (their feet) impatiently. 观众已经不耐烦了, 渐渐跺起脚来. =>Usage 见所附用法. 2 (a) [I, Tn, Tn.p] slide (playing-cards) over one another to change their order 洗（纸牌）: Who is going to shuffle? 谁洗牌? * She shuffled the pack (up). 她把 牌洗好了. (b) [Tn, Tn.p] move (papers, etc) around to different positions 将（文件等）移来移去: He shuffled the papers (around) on the desk, pretending to be busy. 他胡乱翻动桌上文件, 装出很忙的 样子. 3 [I] behave as if one is being dishonest, or avoiding responsibility, etc; avoid being definite 显得不诚实或逃避责任等; 闪烁其辞: Don't shuffle: give us a clear answer. 别躲躲闪闪的: 给我 们一个明确的答覆. 4 (phr v) shuffle sth off (onto sb); shuffle out of sth avoid doing (what one ought to do) 推卸（应做的事）: He tries to shuffle his work off onto others. 他想把工作推给别人. * She shuffled out of the chores by saying she felt ill. 她说她有病, 把杂事都推掉了. shuffle n. (usu sing 通常作单数) 1 shuffling walk or movement 拖著脚步走或移动（的姿态）: walk with an exhausted shuffle 拖著疲惫不堪的脚步走. 2 act of shuffling playing-cards 洗牌: give the pack a good shuffle 把牌好好洗一下. 3 rearrangement; reordering 重新安排; 重新组合: a shuffle in the Cabinet, ie reallocating responsibilities among its members, etc 内阁改组. shuffler / 5FQflE(r); `FQflL/ n. shuffle NOTE ON USAGE 用法: There are a number of verbs which describe abnormal ways of walking. 有几个动词可用以表示不正常的行走方式. Shuffle and shamble indicate moving without lifting the feet completely off the ground. *shuffle 和shamble 均指行走时脚不完全离开地面. Shuffle suggests a slow, tired movement; shamble may be faster and more careless *shuffle 指缓慢的、疲惫 的步子, 而shamble 则可来得较快也较随便: The queue of prisoners shuffled towards the door. 那队 囚犯拖著沉重的步子向门口蹭去. * The beggar shambled past us. 那个乞丐脚蹭著地从我们身旁 走过.Stagger and stumble suggest unsteady or uncontrolledmovement. *stagger 和stumble 均指不稳 的或身不由己的动作. A person staggers when carrying a heavy load or when drunk. 身负重物的人 或喝醉的人走起路来即为stagger. We stumble when we hit our feet against unseen objects. 因未见 到地上的物体, 不留心用脚碰到即为stumble. Waddle is used humorously to describe someone swaying from side to side like a duck because of fatness or while carrying heavy bags. *waddle 的词 义很幽默, 指因肥胖或因负重走起路来一摇一摆像鸭子似的. Hobble and limp describe the uneven movement of someone whose legs are injured. *hobble 和limp 均指腿受伤时不平稳的步子. Limp is used especially when only one leg is damaged or stiff. *limp 专用以指单腿受伤或强直. shufty (also shufti) / 5FUftI; `FJftI/ n (idm 习语) take/have a shufty (at sth/sb) (dated Brit sl 旧, 俚) have a look (at sb/sth) （朝某人[某物]）看一眼: Take a shufty at this box and tell me if it's big enough. 看一下这个盒子, 告诉我够大不够大. shun / FQn; FQn/ v (-nn-) [Tn, Tg] keep away from (sth/sb); avoid 避开, 回避（某事物[某人]）; 避 免: shun temptation, publicity, other people 避开诱惑、避免出风头、躲避别人* She shuns being photographed. 她不愿别人给她照相. shun / FQn; FQn/ interj (infml 口) = attention. shunt / FQnt; FQnt/ v 1 (a) [Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] move (a railway locomotive, wagons, etc) from one track to another 使（火车头、货车等）转轨、调轨: shunting a train into a siding 把火车开到岔 轨上. (b) [I, Ipr, Ip] (of a train) be shunted （指火车）转轨, 调轨. 2 (fig infml 比喻, 口) (a) [Tn.pr, Tn.p] move sb/sth to a different (often less important) place 将（某人[某事物]）转至另一（常指次 要）地方: She's been shunted off to an office in the annexe. 她已调到附属建筑的办事处去了. * The luggage was shunted slowly into the lift. 已把行李慢慢移进电梯里. (b) [Tn.pr] change the direction or course of (sth); divert 改变（某事物）的方向或路线; 转移: shunt the conversation towards more pleasant topics 转换话题谈些愉快的事. shush / FUF; FQF/ interj be silent!; hush! 安静! ; 嘘! shush v. [Tn, Tn.p] ~ sb (up) tell sb to be silent 让某人安静. shut / FQt; FQt/ v (-tt-, pt, pp shut) 1 (a) [Tn] move (a door, lid, window, etc) into a position where it blocks an opening 关上（门、盖子、窗户等）: shut the doors and windows at night 夜晚把门窗 都关上* shut the drawer 关上抽屉* I can't shut the suitcase lid when it's so full. 衣箱装得很满, 我盖不上盖子了. * He shut the door on her/in her face, ie wouldn't let her in. 他把她关在门外了. (b) [I] (of a door, etc) move or be able to be moved into such a position （指门等）关上, 能关闭: The window won't shut. 这窗户关不上. * The supermarket doors shut automatically. 超级市场的门是自 动关的. 2 (a) [Tn] cause (sth open) to close; close the door, lid, etc of (sth) 使（开著的东西）关上; 关上（某物）的门、盖等: shut one's eyes/mouth 合上眼睛[嘴] * I can't shut my briefcase. 我关不 上公事包. * The cashier shut the till and locked it. 出纳员把钱柜关好并锁上了. (b) [I] (esp of the eyes or mouth) close （尤指眼睛或嘴）闭上, 合上: His eyes shut and he fell asleep. 他合上眼睛睡 著了. * Her mouth opened and shut, but no sound came out. 她的嘴张开又闭上了, 没有发出声音. 3 [Tn] fold together (sth that opens out) 合拢（打开著的东西）; 摺起: shut a book, wallet, penknife 合上书、钱夹、摺刀. 4 [I, Tn] (cause a business, etc to) stop functioning, esp temporarily （使 公司等）停止营业（尤指暂时的）: It's time to shut the shop. 商店该关门了. * When do the pubs shut? 酒馆什麽时候关门? =>Usage at close4 用法见close4. 5 (idm 习语) keep one's mouth shut =>mouth 1. shut/slam the door in sb's face =>door. shut the door on sth refuse to consider sth 拒不考 虑某事物: The union accused the management of closing the door on further negotiation. 工会指责 资方拒绝进一步谈判. shut one's ears to sth/sb refuse to listen to sth/sb 拒不听某事[某人的话]: I begged her for help but she shut her ears to all my appeals. 我恳求她帮忙, 但她完全不理睬我的请 求. shut/close one's eyes to sth =>eye1. shut one's `mouth/`face (sl 俚) (esp imperative 尤用于祈使 句) be silent 要安静: Shut your mouth, nobody asked you! 闭上你的嘴, 没人要你说话! shut sb's `mouth (infml 口) prevent sb from speaking, revealing secrets, etc 防止某人说话、泄露机密等. shut up `shop close one's business, stop trading, etc 停业; 关张: I've lost so much money this year that I'm being forced to shut up shop. 我今年赔了很多钱, 只好关门了. with one's eyes shut/closed =>eye1. 6 (phr v) shut sb/sth away put sb/sth in an enclosed place or away from others 将某人[某事 物]置于封闭的范围内或隔离开: shut the letters away where no one will find them 把信放在谁也找 不到的地方* I hate being shut away in the country. 我很不喜欢住在闭塞的乡村. shut (sth) down ( cause a factory, etc to) stop working; close （使工厂等）停工, 歇业, 关闭: The workshop has shut down and the workers are unemployed. 工厂关闭后工人失业了. * They've shut down their factory. 他们把工厂关闭了. shut sb/oneself in (sth) prevent sb/oneself from getting out of (a place) 将某人[自己]关在（某处）: She shuts herself in her study for hours. 她一个人关在书房里一呆就是几个小时. * We're shut in (ie surrounded) by the hills here. 我们处在群山环抱之中. shut sth in sth trap or pinch sth by closing sth 关闭某物时夹住、 卡住、挤住...某物: I shut my finger in the car door, ie between the door and the door-pillar. 我的手 指让汽车门给夹住了. shut sth off stop the supply or flow of (eg gas, steam, water) 停止供应（煤气、蒸气、水）: You must shut the gas supply off if there's a leak. 煤气泄漏时, 必须把截门关上. shut sb/sth off (from sth) keep sb/sth away from sth 将某人[某物]与他物分开或隔开: His deafness shuts him off from the lives of others. 他耳聋阻碍了他与别人的交往. * The village is shut off from the world by lakes and marshes. 这个 村子周围有湖泊与沼泽地, 隔断了与外界的联系. shut sb/sth out (of sth) keep sb/sth out; exclude sb/sth; block sb/sth 将某人[某物]关在外面; 排除; 遮住: The government wants to shut the refugees out. 政府不愿接收难民. * These trees shut out the view. 这些树把景色遮 住了. * He tried to shut all thoughts of her out of his mind. 他尽力不再想与她有关的任何事情. shut (sb) up ( infml 口) (cause sb to) stop talking （使某人）不再谈话: Oh, shut up, you fool! 喂, 住嘴, 你这个傻瓜! * Tell her to shut up. 叫她不要再说了. * Can't you shut him up? 你能不能叫他 别再说了? shut sth up close all the doors and windows of (a house, etc) 将（房子等）的所有门窗都 关上: We shut up the house before going on holiday. 我们去度假之前把所有门窗都关好了. shut sb/sth up (in sth) confine sb; put sth away 将某人关在（某处）; 将某物藏在（某处）: We shut him up in his room. 我们把他关在他的房间里. * Shut the jewels up in the safe. 把这些宝石藏在保险 箱里. shut-down n. process of closing a factory, etc, either temporarily or permanently （工厂等的）关闭 （临时或永久的）: strikes causing shut-downs in the steel industry 造成钢铁工业中一些企业倒闭 的罢工. shut-eye n. [U] (infml 口) sleep 睡觉: get a bit of shut-eye 睡一会儿觉. shutter / 5FQtE(r); `FQtL/ n 1 movable panel or screen that can be closed over a window to keep out light or thieves 活动的窗板或窗帘; 百叶窗; 遮板: The shop-front is fitted with rolling shutters. 那 商店的店面装有卷动门帘. 2 device that opens to allow light to come through the lens of a camera （照相机镜头的）快门. 3 (idm 习语) put up the `shutters (infml 口) stop doing business at the end of the day or permanently 停止营业（一日结束时的或永久性的）: After managing the shop for thirty years she decided it was time to put up the shutters. 她经营这个商店已三十年了, 认为应该停业了. shutter v. [Tn esp passive 尤用于被动语态] close the shutters of (a building); provide with shutters 关闭（建筑物）的窗板; 装上窗板: The house was empty and shuttered. 这所房子是空的, 窗板都 关上了. shuttle / 5FQtl; `FQtl/ n 1 (a) (in a loom) instrument that pulls the thread of weft between the threads of warp（织机的）梭, 梭子. (b) (in a sewing-machine) holder that carries the lower thread to meet the upper thread to make a stitch （缝纫机的）滑梭, 摆梭. 2 aircraft, bus, etc that travels regularly between two places 穿梭班机、公共汽车等（定时往返两地的）: I'm flying to Boston on the shuttle. 我将乘穿梭班机去波士顿. 3 (infml 口) = shuttlecock. shuttle v. [I, Tn] (cause sth to) move or travel backwards and forwards, or to and fro （使某物）穿 梭般往返移动. shuttlecock n. round piece of cork, etc with a ring of feathers or of a light synthetic material attached, struck to and fro in badminton 羽毛球. shuttle diplomacy diplomacy that requires the diplomat(s) to travel to and fro between the two groups involved 穿梭外 交. shuttle service service of buses, aircraft, etc travelling regularly between two places 穿梭业务, 穿梭营运（公共汽 车、飞机等往返于两地之间的定期班次）. shy / FaI; FaI/ adj (shyer, shyest) 1 (a) (of people) timid and nervous in the presence of others; reserved （指人）羞怯的, 腼腆的: He was too shy to speak to her. 他很怕羞, 连话都不敢跟她说. * The child isn't at all shy with adults. 这小孩在大人面前一点也不羞怯. (b) (of behaviour, etc) showing that one is timid, reserved, etc （指行为等）羞怯的, 腆的: a shy look, smile, etc 羞怯的 表情、微笑等. 2 (of animals, birds, etc) unwilling to be seen by or be near to humans; easily frightened （指鸟兽等）不愿近人的, 易受惊的, 胆怯的. 3 ~ of sb/doing sth wary or afraid of (a person or an action) 对（某人或某行为）存戒心的或有顾忌的: The dog is shy of strangers. 这狗怕 生人. * I'm shy of buying shares, in case I lose money. 我不敢买股票, 怕赔钱. 4 ~ (on/of sth/sb) (US infml 口) short of or lacking sth/sb 短、少或缺某事物[某人]: We've plenty of wine, but we're shy on beer. 我们有很多葡萄酒, 但啤酒不够. * We are still two men shy (of a full team). 我们还少 两个人（才能凑成一个队）. 5 (idm 习语) fight shy of sb/sth =>fight1. once bitten, twice shy => bite1. shy v. (pt, pp shied / FaId; FaId/) 1 [I, Ipr] ~ (at sth) (of a horse) turn aside or hold back in fear or alarm （指马）受惊, 惊: The colt shied at the fence and refused to jump over it. 这马驹到障碍物前 害怕不敢跳过去. 2 (phr v) shy away from sth/doing sth avoid or move away from (doing) sth because of shyness, fear, etc （因害羞、恐惧等）避免或逃避（做某事）: I've always shied away from close friendships. 我总是避免与人深交. -shy ( forming compound adjs 用以构成复合形容词) avoiding or not liking the thing specified 避 开或厌恶某事物的: `camera-shy, ie reluctant to be photographed * a pub,licity-shy politician * You've been `work-shy all your life. 你这辈子就是不喜欢工作. shyly adv. shyness n. [U]. shy / FaI; FaI/ v (pt, pp shied / FaId; FaId/) [Tn, Tn.pr] (dated infml 旧, 口) throw (sth) 投, 掷, 扔 （某物）: shy stones (at a bottle, over a wall, etc) （朝瓶子、墙那边等）扔石头. shy n. (infml 口) act of throwing 投; 掷; 扔: have/take a couple of shies at the tin can in the lake 朝著湖里的白铁罐砍了两下. Cf 参看coconut shy (coconut). shyster / 5FaIstE(r); `FaIstL/ n (infml 口esp US) unscrupulous and dishonest person, esp a lawyer 不道德、不诚实的人（尤指律师）: [attrib 作定语] shyster politicians 奸诈的政客. SI / 9es 5aI; 9Zs `aI/ abbr 缩写= International System (of units of measurement) (French Systeme International) 国际单位制（源自法文 Systeme International）: SI units 国际单位. Siamese / 9saIE5mi:z; 9saIE`miz/ adj of Siam (now called Thailand), its people or its language 暹罗 （现称泰国）的; 暹罗人的; 暹罗语的. Siamese n. 1 (a) [C] (pl unchanged 复数不变) native of Siam 暹罗人. (b) [U] language of Siam 暹罗语. 2 [C] (pl unchanged 复数不变) = Siamese cat. Siamese cat cat of an oriental breed having short pale fur with darker face, ears, tail and feet 暹罗猫. Siamese twins twins born with their bodies joined together in some way 连体双胞胎. sibilant / 5sIbIlEnt; `sIblEnt/ adj like or produced with a hissing sound （似）发咝咝声的: the sibilant noise of steam escaping 蒸气逸出时发出的咝咝声. sibilant n. sibilant letter or speech-sound, eg / s, z, F, V, tF, dV/ 发嘶音的字母或语音（如 /s/ 、 /z/ 、 /F/ 、 /V/、/tF/ 、 /dV/）. sibling / 5sIblIN; `sIblIN/ n (fml 文) any one of two or more people with the same parents; brother or sister 兄弟姊妹: I have two brothers and a sister: three siblings in all. 我有两个哥哥和一个妹妹: 共有三个兄妹. * [attrib 作定语] sibling rivalry 同胞兄弟姊妹间的竞争. sibyl / 5sIbl; `sIbl/ n any of a group of women in the ancient world thought to be able to foresee the future （古代的）女预言家. sibylline / 5sIbElaIn, sI5bIlaIn or, rarely, ?@ 罕, 美亦读作5sIbEli:n; `sIbl9in/ adj spoken by or characteristic of a sibyl; mysteriously prophetic 女预言家（所言）的; 神秘预言的: a sibylline utterance 女预言家的预言. sic / sIk; sIk/ adv (placed in brackets after a quoted word or phrase that seems to be or is incorrect, in order to show that it is quoted accurately 置于括号中, 表示前面引文非笔者之误): The notice read: `Skool (sic) starts at 9 am.' 布告上写的是: `Skool （原文如此）starts at 9 am.' sick / sIk; sIk/ adj (-er, -est) 1 physically or mentally unwell; ill （身体或精神）不适; 患病的: a sick person, animal, plant 患病的人、动物、植物* She has been sick for weeks. 她已病了好几个星 期了. * He's off (work) sick. 他因病而未上班. 2 [usu pred 通常作表语] likely to vomit; nauseous 作呕; 恶心: feeling sick 觉得恶心* a sick feeling in the stomach 胃里恶心的感觉* You'll make yourself sick if you eat all those sweets. 要是你把这些糖都吃下去就要恶心. =>Usage 见所附用法. 3 [pred 作表语] ~ of sb/sth/doing sth (infml 口) bored with sb/sth; not liking sb/sth through having had too much of him/it 厌倦或腻烦某人[某事物]: I'm sick of waiting around like this. 我腻烦像这 样在一旁等著. * She has had the same job for years and is heartily sick of it. 她做这一工作已多年, 因此从心底里感到厌烦. * Get out! I'm sick of the sight of you! 滚出去! 一见到你我就觉得讨厌! 4 [pred 作表语] ~ (at/about sth/doing sth) distressed or disgusted 苦恼; 憎恶: We were pretty sick about losing the match. 我们比赛输了感到很恼火. 5 (infml 口) cruel, morbid or perverted; offensive 残酷的; 病态的; 反常的; 讨厌的: a sick joke, mind 可怖的笑话、病态的心理 * sick humour 残酷的幽默* She made a sick remark about dead babies. 关于那些死的婴儿, 她说了些 令人反感的话. 6 (idm 习语) be `sick throw up food from the stomach; vomit 呕吐: The cat's been sick on the carpet. 猫在地毯上吐了. eat oneself sick =>eat. fall sick (with sth); (fml 文) take `sick become ill 生病: He fell sick with malaria on a trip to Africa. 他在去非洲时患了疟疾. laugh oneself silly/sick =>laugh. make sb `sick outrage or disgust sb 使某人愤慨或厌恶: His hypocrisy makes me sick. 我很讨厌他那麽虚伪. * It makes me sick to see her being treated so badly. 我看到她受到这样 虐待非常愤怒. on the `sick-list (infml 口) sick and absent from work, duty, etc 因病缺勤或缺席: She's not at her desk today: she's on the sick-list. 她今天没上班: 因病缺勤. (as) sick as a parrot (Brit joc catchphrase 谑, 警语) disgusted 憎恶的. sick at `heart (fml 文) full of disappointment, fear or grief; unhappy 极为失望、恐惧或悲伤; 感到不快: She left her home reluctantly and sick at heart. 她依依不舍地离开了家, 心情很沉重. sick to death of/sick and tired of sb/sth (infml 口) wearied, bored or annoyed by sb/sth; fed up with sb/sth （因某人[某事物]）厌倦, 厌恶; 厌烦某人[某事物]: sick to death of eating boiled cabbage with every meal 顿顿都吃煮洋白菜, 腻死了* I'm sick and tired of your constant complaints. 我厌烦你没完没了的抱怨. sick to one's `stomach (US) outraged or disgusted 愤慨的; 厌恶的. sick n. 1 [U] (infml 口) vomit 呕吐物: The basin was full of sick. 盆里全是吐的东西. 2 the sick [pl v] people who are ill 病人; 患者: all the sick and wounded 所有的病人和伤者 * visit the sick in hospital 看望住院的病人. sick v. (phr v) sick sth up (infml 口) throw (food) up from the stomach; vomit sth 吐出（食物）; 呕 吐某物: The baby sicked up a little milk. 婴儿吐出了一点奶. -sick ( forming compound adjs 用以构成复合形容词) feeling sick(2) as a result of travelling on a ship, plane, etc 晕船、晕飞机等: `seasick * `airsick * `travel-sick * `carsick. sick-bay n. room or rooms in a ship, boarding-school, etc for people who are ill （船上、寄宿学校 等的）病室. sick-bed n. bed of a person who is ill 病床: lying pale on his sick-bed （他）躺在病床上, 面色苍 白* The President left his sick-bed to attend the ceremony, ie attended it although he was ill. 总统带 病参加了典礼. sick-leave n. [U] permission to be absent from work, duty, etc because of illness; period of such absence 病假: be granted sick-leave 准予休病假* two weeks' sick-leave 两周病假. sick-pay n. [U] pay given to an employee who is absent because of illness 病假工资. sick-room n. room that is occupied by or kept ready for sb who is ill 病室: You should go to the sick-room if you're not feeling well. 要是觉得不舒服就应该到病室里去休息. sick NOTE ON USAGE 用法: 1 (Be) sick in informal British English means `bring food up from the stomach' (US vomit) 在英式英语的口语中, (be) sick 意为｀呕吐＇（美式英语中用vomit）: Johnny's been sick again should we call the doctor? 约翰尼又吐了--我们应该请医生来吗? * Do you get seasick/airsick? 你晕船[晕机]吗? * I feel sick I think it was that fish I ate. 我很恶心--大概 是吃那鱼的缘故. Sick in British English is used only before a noun when it means `ill' 在英式英语 中, sick 只有用在名词前时才作ill 解: a sick child 患病的孩子* He's looking after his sick mother. 他正在看护生病的母亲. 2 Sick in US English and ill in British English mean `not well' or `in bad health', usually as a result of a disease 美式英语中的sick 和英式英语中的ill 均指｀不适＇或｀身 体不好＇, 通常指因疾病引起的: I've been too sick/ill to go to work for the last few months. 我近几 个月身体不好没上班. 3 Poorly (informal British English) means `ill'. *poorly （在英式英语的口语 中）意为ill. *It is often used of or by children 这个词常用于儿童或是儿童经常使用: My daughter's a bit poorly today, so she didn't go to school. 我女儿今天有点不舒服, 所以她没去上学. sicken / 5sIkEn; `sIkEn/ v 1 [Tn] cause (sb) to feel disgusted 使（某人）感到厌恶或恶心: Cruelty sickens most of us. 我们大多数人都对残暴行为十分愤慨. * Their business methods sicken me. 我 很讨厌他们做生意的手法. * I was sickened at/by the sight of the dead body. 我看到那死尸感到很 恶心. 2 [I, Ipr] ~ (for sth) (Brit) begin to be ill; become ill 生病; 患病: slowly sickened and died 慢慢病死了* She looks so pale. Is she sickening for something? 她气色很不好. 是不是得了什麽 病了? 3 (phr v) sicken of sth (fml 文) become weary of or disgusted with sth 厌倦或厌恶某事物: I began to sicken of the endless violence shown on television. 我逐渐对电视上无尽无休的暴力镜头 感到厌恶. sickening adj. disgusting 令人厌恶的: a sickening sight, smell 令人厌恶的场面、气味 * sickening cruelty 令人憎恶的残酷行为* The car hit the tree with a sickening crash. 那辆汽车撞在 树上发出让人难受的撞击声. sickeningly adv. sickle / 5sIkl; `sIkl/ n short-handled tool with a curved blade for cutting grass, corn, etc 镰刀. Cf 参 看 scythe. sickle cell sickle-shaped red blood-corpuscle found esp in a severe type of hereditary anaemia 镰形红细胞. sickly / 5sIklI; `sIklI/ adj (-ier, -iest) 1 often ill 常病的: a sickly child 多病的孩子. 2 looking unhealthy 不健康的: sickly, dried-out plants 长势不好、枯槁的植物* a pale, sickly complexion 苍白的病容 * He looked weak and sickly. 他看上去虚弱有病态. 3 [usu attrib 通常作定语] expressing unhappiness; weak; faint 显示不愉快的; 虚弱的; 无力的: a sickly smile, look 苦笑、 苦相. 4 causing or likely to cause a feeling of sickness or distaste 令人作呕的; 令人厌恶的: a sickly smell, taste, etc 令人作呕的气味、味道等* a sickly green colour 令人生厌的绿色 * (fig 比喻) a sickly, sentimental story 无病呻吟的伤感故事. sickness / 5sIknIs; `sIknIs/ n [U] 1 illness; ill health 疾病; 患病; 不健康: Is there much sickness in the village now? 这村庄现在患病的多吗? * They were absent because of sickness. 他们因病缺席. 2 [U, C usu sing 作不可数名词或可数名词, 后者通常作单数] particular type of illness or disease 病; 疾病: sleeping sickness 昏睡病* suffering from altitude sickness 患高空病 * air-/sea-/travel-/car-sickness 晕机[晕船/晕（机、船、车等）/晕车] * a sickness common in the tropics 热带常见病. 3 [U] feeling that one is likely to vomit; vomiting 作呕; 呕吐: The sickness passed after I lay down for a while. 我躺下一会后就不恶心了. * The symptoms of this disease are fever and sickness. 这种病的症状是发烧与呕吐. sickness benefit ( Brit) money paid by the State to sb who is absent from work because of illness 病 假补助（政府付给生病员工的钱）: entitled to sickness benefit 享受病假补助. side / saId; saId/ n 1 [C] (a) any of the flat or nearly flat surfaces of a solid object （固体的平的或近 似平的）面: the six sides of a cube 立方体的六个面. (b) any of the surfaces that is not the top or bottom 侧面（不包括顶面或底面）: A box has a top, a bottom and four sides. 盒子有顶面、底面 和四个侧面. (c) any of the surfaces that is not the top or bottom, front or back 侧面（不包括顶面、 底面、前面或后面）: There is a garage built onto the side of the house. 这所房子的一侧建有一个 车库. * [attrib 作定语] a side door, entrance, window 边门、侧门、边窗. 2 [C] (mathematics 数) any of the lines that form the boundaries of a plane figure, such as a triangle or a rectangle （组成三角 形、矩形等平面图形的）边. 3 [C] (area near the) edge or boundary of sth 边缘或边界（的地方）: a table by one's bedside/by the side of one's bed 床边的桌子* people sitting on both sides of the table, ie on the two longer sides of a rectangular one 坐在桌子两（长）边的人* standing at the side of the road 站在路边* the south side of the field 田地的南边* We planted tulips along the side of the lawn. 我们沿草坪的边缘种上了郁金香. 4 [C] either of the two surfaces of sth flat and thin, eg paper, cloth, sheet metal （平而薄的东西, 如纸、布、金属片两面之一的）面: Write on one side of the paper only. 只在纸的一面写字. * Which is the right side of the cloth (ie the one intended to be seen)? 这块布哪一面是正面? * This side of the glass is filthy. 玻璃的这一面很脏. 5 [C] inner or outer surface of sth more or less upright （垂直或近似垂直物的）内侧或外侧: the side of the mountain, tower, haystack 山、塔、草堆的坡面* a steep hillside 陡峭的山坡* paint the sides of the cylinder 把圆筒的外面漆一下* paintings on the sides (ie walls) of the cave 在洞穴内壁上的 图画* a puncture in the side of the tyre 轮胎上的小孔. 6 [C] (a) either the right or the left part of a person's body, esp from the armpit to the hip （人体的）左侧或右侧（尤指腋至臀的部分）; : wounded in the left side 左受伤* lying on one's side 侧卧. (b) region near to this 身边; 身旁: sit at/by sb's side 坐在某人旁边* On my left side stood Fred. 我的左侧站著弗雷德. 7 [C] either of the two halves of an animal that has been killed for meat （已宰杀供食用动物的）半边躯体, 肉: a side of beef, bacon, etc 牛的肉、腌的猪肉. 8 [C] (a) either of the two halves of a surface or an object divided by an imaginary central line （一物体或物体表面从中以假想线分为两半之一的） 面, 半, 边: the left side of the brain 脑的左半部* the left, right, shady, sunny, etc side of the street 大街的左、右、背阴、向阳等面* the eastern side of the town 城镇的东区* the debit/credit side of the account 帐簿中的借[贷]方* Go over to the other/far side of the room. 到房间的另一边去. * Which side of the theatre would you like to sit? 你喜欢坐在剧院的哪一边? (b) either of the two areas, etc divided by a line or boundary （由一界线分成两部分之一的）面, 边, 部分: She stood on the other side of the fence. 她站在篱笆的另一边. * He crossed the bridge to this side of the river. 他 过桥来到河的这一边. 9 [C] (Brit dated infml 旧, 口) television channel 电视频道: Switch over to the other side. 转到另一个频道看看. 10 [C] (a) either of two parties or groups involved in a dispute, contest, etc with each other （辩论、竞赛等双方的）一方: the two sides in the strike, ie employers and workers 罢工事件中的双方（雇主和工人）* There are faults on both sides. 双方都 有错. (b) position or opinion held in an argument; attitude or activity of one person or group with respect to another （辩论中所持的）立场或观点; （个人或团体相对于另一个人或团体采取的） 态度或行动: She argued her side of the case well. 她有理有据地陈述了自己的意见. * You must hear his side of things now. 你现在得听听他这方面的看法. * Will you keep your side of the bargain? 你那一方能遵守协议吗? 11 (Brit) sports team （运动）队: five-a-side football 五人一队的足球 比赛* the winning/losing side 胜[败]方* pick sides, ie choose who will play on each side 双方各 自挑选队员* Austria has a good side, and should win. 奥地利队阵容强, 很可能赢. 12 [C] aspect of sth that is different from other aspects; point of view （与其他方面不同的）方面, 观点: study all sides of a question 研究一问题的各个方面* the gentle side of her character 她性格中温柔的一面 * approach the problem from a different side 从另一角度来探讨这一问题. 13 [C] line of descent through a father or mother 父系或母系; 世系; 血统: a cousin on my father's side, ie a child of my father's brother or sister 堂兄弟姐妹之一或父系的表兄弟姐妹之一. 14 [U] (dated infml 旧, 口) behaviour showing that one thinks one is better than others; arrogance 自大; 傲慢: a person quite without side 不摆架子的人* There's absolutely no side to him. 他非常谦虚. 15 (idm 习语) born on the wrong side of the blanket =>born. come down on one side of the fence or the other make a choice between two alternatives 在两者之间做出选择; 支持两方中之一方: The jury is considering its verdict and we're waiting to see which side of the fence they'll come down on. 陪审团正在考虑裁 决, 我们等著看他们支持哪一方. err on the side of sth =>err. get on the right/wrong side of sb please/ displease sb 使某人愉快[使某人不愉快]. have got out of bed on the wrong side =>bed1. know which side one's bread is buttered =>know. laugh on the other side of one's face =>laugh. let the `side down not give one's colleagues, etc the help and support they expect, or behave in a way that disappoints them 不帮助、不支持同事; 使同事感到失望: You can always rely on Angela she'd never let the side down. 你尽可完全信赖安吉拉--她从不使同事感到失望. look on the bright side =>bright. on/from all sides; on/from every side in/from all directions; everywhere 在[从]各个方向; 到处: soldiers attacking on all sides 从各个方向发动进攻的士兵* There was devastation on every side. 到处都是破坏的创伤. on the `big, `small, `high, etc side (infml 口) rather or too big, small, high, etc 偏大、偏小、偏高等: These new trousers are a bit on the large side. 这条新裤子有点大. on the distaff side =>distaff. on the ,right/,wrong side of `forty, `fifty, etc (infml often joc 口, 常作戏 谑语) younger/older than forty, fifty, etc years of age 不足[已过]四十、五十岁等. on the safe side =>safe1. on the `side (infml 口) (a) as a sideline 作为兼职或副业: a mechanic who buys and sells cars on the side 兼营买卖汽车的技工. (b) secretly 秘密地; 暗地里: He's married but he has a girl-friend on the side. 他虽有妻室, 但暗地里还有一个女朋友. (be) on the side of sb (be) a supporter of sb; holding the same views as sb （成为）某人的支持者; 与某人观点相同: Whose side are you on anyway? ie You should be supporting me. 你究竟支持谁? （你应该支持我.） * I'm on George's side in this debate. 这场辩论中我和乔治的观点相同. on/from the wrong side of the tracks =>wrong. the other side of the `coin the opposite or contrasting aspect of a matter 事情的另一面: Everyone assumes he's to blame but they don't know the other side of the coin. 大家都认为是他的错, 但他们都不知道事情的另一面. put sth on/to one `side (a) put sth aside 将某物置于一边: I put the broken glass to one side. 我把破玻璃杯搁在一旁. (b) leave sth to be dealt with later 搁置某事; 暂 缓处理: I put his complaint on one side until I had more time. 我把他的申诉暂搁一边, 待有时间时 再处理. ,side by `side (a) close together, facing in the same direction 肩并肩地: two children walking side by side 两个并肩走路的小孩. (b) supporting each other 相互支持: We stand side by side with you in this dispute. 在这场辩论中我们与你们相互支持. split one's sides =>split. take sb on(to) one `side have a private talk with sb 将某人拉到一边以便私下交谈: I took her on one side to ask about her odd behaviour. 我把她带到一旁问她为什麽有这种奇怪举动. take `sides (with sb) express support for sb in a dispute, etc 在辩论等中表示支持某人; 偏袒: You mustn't take sides in their argument. 在他们的争论中你不要偏袒任何一方. * She took sides with me against the teacher. 她 支持我反对老师. a thorn in one's flesh/side =>thorn. time is on sb's side =>time1. wrong side out =>wrong. -sided ( forming compound adjs 用以构成复合形容词) having a specified number or type of sides （有某数目或类型的）面的, 边的: a six-sided object * a glass-sided container. sideboard n. 1 [C] table, usu with drawers and cupboards, for crockery, etc 餐具柜. 2 `sideboards (US `sideburns) [pl] patches of hair growing on the side of a man's face in front of the ears （男子的）鬓角. => illus at hair 见 hair 插图. side-car n. small vehicle attached to the side of a motor cycle, to seat a passenger （摩托车的）跨斗. side-dish n. extra dish or course at a meal, usu served with another course （正菜外的）小菜（通常 指配菜）. side-drum n. small double-sided drum 小鼓. =>illus at App 1 见附录1 插图, page xi. side-effect n. (often pl 常作复数) secondary, usu unpleasant or unwanted, effect of a drug, etc （药 物等的）副作用. side-issue n. issue that is less important than the main one 次要问题: What I earn is a side-issue. What really matters is that I don't like my work. 我挣多少钱倒不重要. 真正重要的是我不喜欢这 个工作. sidekick n. (infml 口esp US) assistant or close companion 助手; 亲密伙伴: the gangster and his two sidekicks 匪徒与他的两个帮凶. sidelight n. 1 either of a pair of small lights at the front of a vehicle （车辆前面的）侧灯. =>illus at App 1 见附录1 插图, page xii. 2 ~ (on sb/sth) (fig 比喻) minor or casual piece of information that helps one to understand a subject, etc （有助于了解某问题等的）小的或偶然的启示: The article about the theatre gave us a few sidelights on the character of its owner. 关于该剧院的这篇文章对我Oxford Dictionary Translation memory software company ForeignDesk, Okapi Framework, OmegaT, Transolution, AidTransStudio, Cafetran, Déjà Vu (DVX), Heartsome Translation Suite, MemoQ, MetaTexis, Rainbow, SDLX, SDL, STAR Transit, Trados, SDL Trados, Wordfast, WordFisher, Similis, Open Language Tools http://www.transgood.com