TransGood-Translation memory software Trados, SDL, ForeignDesk, Wordfast, WordFisher, Déjà Vu (DVX), 译佳计算机辅助翻译软件, 雅信CAT TransGood, TransMemory, Translation Software Tools, Computer-assisted translation, computer-aided translation, CAT, machine-aided translation, Translation memory software, Terminology management software, Alignment software, Software localization tools, ?bersetzung Software, Logiciels de traduction, Software di traduzione, Traducción de Software, Mémoire de traduction, Tradu??o memória, Memoria de traducción, Memoria di traduzione, Перевод Software, ForeignDesk, Okapi Framework, OmegaT, Transolution, AidTransStudio, Cafetran, Déjà Vu (DVX), Heartsome Translation Suite, MemoQ, MetaTexis, Rainbow, SDLX, SDL, STAR Transit, Trados, SDL Trados, Wordfast, WordFisher, Similis, Open Language Tools, 翻訳ソフトウェア, 翻訳メモリ, 翻译软件 辅助翻译软件 计算机辅助翻译软件 人工智能翻译 翻译工具 专业翻译软件 翻译记忆软件 塔多思 Trados SDL WordFast 雅信CAT 翻译公司 牛津词典 Oxford Dictionary 使某人起疑心* sow the seeds of hatred 播下仇恨的种子. 3 (idm 习语) sow one's wild `oats go through a period of irresponsible pleasure-seeking while young （年轻时）放荡, 纵情玩乐: He sowed all his wild oats before he married. 他荒唐够了才结婚的. sower n. person who sows 播种的人; 传播的人: (fig 比喻) a sower of discontent among the people 挑拨人们不满情绪的人. soya bean / 5sRIE bi:n; `sRIE 9bin/ (also esp US soy bean / 5sRI bi:n; `sRI 9bin/) n type of bean (originally from SE Asia) rich in protein, grown for food and used esp as a substitute for meat 大豆: a casserole made with soya beans 大豆焙盘 * [attrib 作定语] soya oil, ie extracted from soya beans 豆油* soya flour 大豆粉* soya milk, ie milk substitute made from processed soya beans 豆浆. soya sauce (also ,soy `sauce) dark brown sauce made by fermenting soya beans in salty water, used in oriental cooking 酱油: adding soy sauce to the stir-fried vegetables 炒蔬菜中加酱油. sozzled / 5sCzld; `sBzEld/ adj (infml 口) very drunk 烂醉的: He got absolutely sozzled at the Christmas party. 他在圣诞节聚会上烂醉如泥. sp abbr. 缩写= (esp on corrected written work 尤用于校正文字时) spelling. sp gr abbr. 缩写= specific gravity. spa / spB:; spB/ (also in place names 用于地名时作Spa) n (place where there is a) spring of mineral water with medicinal properties 矿泉; 有矿泉的地方: Cheltenham Spa 功尔滕纳姆矿泉 * [attrib 作定语] spa water 矿泉水. space / speIs; spes/ n 1 [C] unused or unfilled gap or area between two or more objects or points 空 白; 空隙; 空地: the spaces between words 字与字之间的空隙 * There's a space here for your signature. 你可以在这空白处签字. * Is there a space for the car in the firm's car park? 公司停车场 有没有这辆车的位子? * We were separated by a space of ten feet. 我们相距十英尺. 2 [U] unoccupied area or place available for use; room 空地方; 空处: There isn't much space left for your luggage. 剩下的地方不太够你放行李的. * Have you enough space to work in? 你做事的地方够大 吗? * There isn't enough space in the classroom for thirty desks. 教室里放不下三十张桌子. =>Usage 见所附用法. 3 [C, U] large area (esp of land not built on) 开阔地区, 空旷处（尤指无建 筑物的）: open spaces for children to play on 供儿童玩耍的空地* a country of wide open spaces 土地辽阔的国家 * the freedom and space of the countryside 乡村的自由和广阔天地. 4 [U] continuous expanse in which all things exist and move 空间: He was staring into space. 他极目远眺. 5 [U] (also ,outer `space) (often in compounds 常用以构成复合词) universe beyond the earth's atmosphere in which all other planets and stars exist 外层空间; 太空: travel through space to other planets 穿越太空飞向其他行星* the exploration of outer space 对外层空间的探索. 6 [C usu sing 通常作单数] interval of time 时间的持续; 期间: (with)in the space of two hours, ie during a period not longer than two hours 两小时之内* a space of two weeks between appointments 两次约 会之间相隔的两星期. 7 (idm 习语) cramped for room/space => cramp2. ,watch this `space (catchphrase 警语) (in a newspaper, etc) keep alert because sth interesting or surprising will appear here soon （见于报纸等）请留意此处（即将有不容错过的内容）. space v. [Tn, Tn.p] ~ sth (out) set sth out with regular spaces between 将某事物均匀隔开: space out the posts three metres apart 把这些柱子间隔三米排开* space out (ie spread) payments for a house over twenty years 房款分二十年付清* space the rows 10 inches apart 排列成行距10 英寸 * The letter was well spaced, ie typed, etc with a suitable amount of space between each line, etc. 信 中的间隔距离处理得很整齐. spacing n. [U] amount of space left between objects, words, etc in laying or setting sth out （物体、 字词等之间的）间隔, 间距: Be careful with your spacing or you won't get the heading on one line. 注意间隔, 否则这个标题一行排不下. * Shall I use single or double spacing (ie single or double spaces between the lines) when I type this letter? 我打这封信是用单行行距还是用双行行距? space-age adj. [attrib 作定语] very modern andadvanced 航天时代的; 太空时代的: space-age technology,equipment 太空时代的技术、设备. space-bar n. bar on a typewriter, tapped to make spaces between words （打字机的）空格键. spacecraft n. (pl unchanged 复数不变) (also `spaceship) vehicle manned or unmanned for travelling in space 航天器; 宇宙飞船; 太空船: spacecraft orbiting the earth 绕地球运行的航天器. spaceman / -mn; -mAn/ (fem 阴性作`spacewoman) n (pl -men, -women) (also astronaut) person who travels in outer space 宇航员; 太空人. space invaders ( propr 专利名) popular computerizedgame in which players try to prevent creatures from space landing on earth 太空侵略者（阻止天外怪物入侵地球的流行的电脑游戏）. space probe = probe 2. spaceship n. = spacecraft. space shuttle spacecraft designed for repeated use, eg between earth and a space station or the moon 航天飞机; 太 空穿梭机. space station large manned artificial satellite used asa base for operations in space(5), eg for scientific research,as a launching pad for spacecraft, etc 航天站; 太空站. spacesuit n. sealed suit covering the whole body and supplied with air, allowing the wearer to move about in space(5) 宇航服; 太空服. spacewalk n. act or time of moving about in space outside a spacecraft （在航天器舱外进行的）太 空行走, 太空行走的时间. space NOTE ON USAGE 用法: Space, room, place and seat all relate to an area in a room, building, vehicle, etc which can be occupied by a person or thing. *space 、 room 、 place 、 seat 均指房间、建 筑物、车辆等中可容纳人或物的范围. Space (countable and uncountable) and room (uncountable) are the most general and suggest an undefined area, big enough for something or for a purpose *space （为可数和不可数名词）和room（不可数名词）最通用, 指不确定的范围, 可容下某物或符合 某目的: The wardrobe takes up too much space/room. 这衣橱太占地方了. Place and seat (both countable) are used for specific spaces, usually for people to sit *place 和seat （均为可数名词）指具 体的空处, 通常指座位: We'll try to get places/seats at the front of the hall. 我们要设法弄到大厅前 面的座位. * There are only two places/seats left for tonight. 今晚只剩下两个座位了. spacious / 5speIFEs; `speFEs/ adj having or providing much space; roomy 宽敞的; 宽广的: a very spacious kitchen 非常宽敞的厨房* the spacious back seat of a car 汽车上宽舒的后座. spaciously adv. spaciousness n. [U]. spade / speId; sped/ n 1 tool for digging, with a wooden handle and a broad metal blade 锹; 铲: a garden spade 种花草用的锹. 2 (idm 习语) call a spade a spade => call2. spadeful / 5speIdfUl; `sped9fJl/ n amount (of earth, etc) carried on a spade 一锹的量: three spadefuls of sand 三锹沙子. spadework n. [U] (fig 比喻) hard work done in preparation for sth 艰苦的准备工作: She got the praise for the job but he did all the spadework. 工作完成后她获得赞誉, 但筹备期间的苦活儿全是 他干的. spade / speId; sped/ n (a) spades [sing or pl v] suit of playing-cards marked with black figures shaped like pointed leaves with short stems （纸牌中的）黑桃: the five of spades 黑桃五 * Spades is/are trumps. 黑桃是王牌. (b) [C] card from this suit 黑桃牌: I've only one spade left. 我只剩一张黑桃 了. =>illus at playing-card 见 playing-card 插图. spaghetti / spE5getI; spE`-ZtI/ n [U] Italian pasta made in long thin rods, cooked in boiling water until soft and usu served with a sauce 意大利面条. spam / spAm; spAm/ n [U] (propr 专利名) type of tinned meat made from spiced and chopped cooked ham, usu eaten cold 香火腿（碎火腿加香料制成的罐头, 通常冷食）: spam and salad 香火 腿和色拉. span / spAn; spAn/ n 1 distance or part between the supports of an arch or a bridge 跨度, 跨径, 跨 （拱或桥支撑物之间的距离或部分）: The arch has a span of 60 metres. 那个拱的跨度为60 米. * The bridge crosses the river in a single span. 河上那座桥是单跨桥. 2 length of time over which sth lasts or extends from beginning to end （某事物）自始至终的持续时间或期间: the span of life 一 生的时间* a short span of time 短暂的一段时间* over a span of six years 六年期间* have a short concentration span, ie be capable of concentrating for only a short period of time 不能长久集中 注意力. 3 (dated 旧) distance from the tip of the thumb to the tip of the little finger when the hand is stretched out; about 23 centimetres (9 inches) 乍, 一乍宽（手掌张开时拇指尖与小指尖的距离, 约 23 厘米或 9 英寸）. span ( -nn-) v [Tn] 1 form a bridge or arch over (sth); extend across 建造跨越（某物）的桥或拱; 横跨: The river Thames is spanned by many bridges. 泰晤士河上有很多桥. 2 extend over or across (sth); stretchacross 跨越, 穿越（某事物）; 贯穿: (fml 文) His knowledgespans many different areas. 他的知识广博遍及许多领域. * Her life spanned almost the whole of the 19th century. 她的 一生几乎经历了整个 19 世纪. 3 stretch one's hand across (sth) in one span 将手指作一乍状跨 于（某物）上: Can you span an octave on the piano? 你一乍能按到钢琴的八个键吗? span / spAn; spAn/ adj (idm 习语) spick and span => spick. spangle / 5spANgl; `spAN-l/ n tiny piece of shining metal or plastic used for decoration on a dress, etc, esp in large numbers 闪光饰片（装饰衣物等的金属或塑料片, 尤指大量的）: the spangles on the fairy's dress in the pantomime 童话剧中仙女连衣裙上的闪光饰片. spangle v. [esp passive 尤用于被动语态: Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (with sth) cover or decorate sth with spangles or small bright objects like spangles 用闪光饰片等小物件布满或装饰某物: a dress spangled with tiny silver sequins 用闪光的圆形小银片儿装饰的连衣裙. spaniel / 5spAnjEl; `spAnjEl/ n breed of dog with large ears which hang down 西班牙猎狗（耳大下 垂的一种狗）: a cocker spaniel 西班牙猎鸡狗. Spanish / 5spAnIF; `spAnIF/ adj of Spain; of the people of Spain or their language 西班牙的; 西班 牙人的; 西班牙语的: a Spanish dance 西班牙舞* Spanish customs 西班牙的风俗. Spanish n. [U] the language of Spain 西班牙语: Do you speak Spanish? 你会说西班牙语吗? the Spanish Main ( former name for the) NE coast of S America and the Caribbean Sea near this coast （旧称）南美东北沿岸及其附近的加勒比海海域. spank / spANk; spANk/ v 1 [Tn] slap (esp a child) with a flat hand, esp on the buttocks, as a punishment 掴（尤指小孩）（尤指打屁股惩罚）: spank a child's bottom 掴小孩的屁股. 2 (phr v) ~ along (dated infml 旧, 口) (esp of a horse, ship or car) move along quickly （尤指马、船或汽车） 快速向前行进, 疾驶: fairly spanking along 很快地行进. spank n. slap with a flat hand, esp on the buttocks 掴（尤指打屁股）: a spank on the bottom 打在 屁股上的一巴掌. spanking n. series of spanks; process of spanking （打在屁股上的）一顿巴掌: The boy got a sound spanking. 那男孩的屁股著实挨了一顿巴掌. adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] (dated infml 旧, 口) quick and energetic 快速而有力的: go at a spanking pace 很快地走著. adv (infml 口) (used esp before adjs like fine, new 尤用于 fine 、 new 等形容词之前) outstandingly; very 非常; 十分: a spanking new boat 崭新的船* spanking white paint 纯白的颜料. spanner / 5spAnE(r); `spAnL/ (Brit) (US wrench) n 1 tool for gripping and turning nuts on screws, bolts, etc 扳子; 扳手: I'll need a spanner to change the back wheel. 我需要一把扳手来换后轮. 2 (idm 习语) (throw) a `spanner in the works (Brit infml 口) (cause the) ruin or sabotage of a plan, scheme, etc 破坏一计画、方案等. spar / spB:(r); spBr/ n strong wooden or metal pole used as a mast, yard, boom, etc on a ship 圆材（木 质或金属质, 用作桅杆、帆桁等）. spar / spB:(r); spBr/ v (-rr-) [I, Ipr] ~ (with sb) 1 box (sb) using light blows, usu for practice only 用 拳轻击（某人）（通常仅作拳击练习）. 2 argue or dispute (with sb), usu in a friendly way （与某 人）争辩（通常指善意）: children sparring with each other 争吵著的孩子. sparring-partner / 5spB:rIN; `spBrIN/ n 1 person with whom a boxer spars as part of training 练拳 的对手. 2 (infml 口) person with whom one enjoys frequent, usu friendly, arguments 经常斗嘴的 对手: They've been sparring-partners ever since they were at school together. 他俩从一块儿读书起 就没停过斗嘴. spare / speE(r); spZr/ adj 1 in addition to what is usu needed or used; kept in reserve for use when needed 多余的; 剩余的; 备用的: Do you carry a spare wheel in your car? 你的汽车上有备用车轮 吗? * We have no spare room (ie space) for a table. 我们没有放桌子的空地方. * I wish we had a spare room, ie an extra bedroom (eg for guests). 我们要是有一间富余的卧室就好了（如给客人用）. * I have no spare money this month. 这个月我没有余钱. 2 (of time) for leisure; free; unoccupied （指时间）空闲的, 未占用的: a busy woman with little spare time 忙得没有空的女子* He paints in his spare time. 他在空闲时绘画. 3 (esp fml 尤作文雅语) (of people) thin; lean （指人）瘦的: a tall spare man 又高又瘦的男子* a spare figure 瘦削的身材* spare of build 体格瘦削的. 4 [attrib 作定语] (fml 文) small in quantity 少量的: a spare meal 量小的一顿饭* on a spare diet 在 节食. 5(idm 习语) go `spare (Brit sl 俚) become very annoyedor upset 烦恼; 难过: Your mum will go spare if she finds out what you've done! 要是你妈妈知道你干的事, 她会气坏的! spare n. spare part (for a machine, car, etc), esp an extra wheel for a car （机器、汽车等的）备件; （尤指）汽车备用车轮: I've got a puncture and my spare is flat too! 我的车胎扎破了, 备用的也瘪 了! * I'll show you where the spares are kept. 我来指给你看放备件的地方. spare part part (for a machine, car, etc) used to replace an identical part if it gets lost, damaged, etc 备用零件; 备件; 配件: It's difficult to get spare parts for old washing-machines. 旧洗衣机的配件已很难弄到. spare-rib n. rib of pork with most of the meat cut off （肉少的）猪排骨: barbecued spare-ribs 烤猪 排骨. spare tyre 1 extra wheel for a car, etc （汽车等的）备用车轮. 2 (Brit infml joc 口, 谑) roll of fat around the waist 腰部的一圈脂肪: I'll have to exercise to get rid of my spare tyre. 我得运动运动以减少腰部 的脂肪. spare / speE(r); spZr/ v 1 [Tn, Dn.n] refrain from hurting, harming or destroying (sb/sth); show mercy to 不伤害（某人[某事物]）; 饶恕; 宽容: Please spare (ie don't kill) me! 请饶了我（一命） 吧! * (fml 文) spare a person his life, ie not kill him 饶某人一命* if I am spared, ie if I live 假若我 幸而不死* They killed the men but spared the children. 他们把男人都杀了, 但放过了孩子. * The woodman spared (ie did not cut down) a few trees. 伐木工人留下了几棵树没砍掉. 2 [Tn, Dn.n] refrain from using, giving, etc (sth); use as little as possible 节制使用或提供（某事物）; 吝惜; 节 约: No trouble was spared to ensure our comfort. 为了我们舒适, 已竭尽全力. * Try to spare her as much distress as possible when you tell her. 你告诉她的时候, 尽量不要让她伤心. * He does not spare himself, ie works, etc very hard indeed. 他不偷懒. * Please spare me (ie don't tell me) the gruesome details. 你可别给我讲那些可怕的细节. 3 [Tn, Tn.pr, Dn.n, Dn.pr] ~ sth (for sb/sth) be able to afford to give (time, money, etc) (to sb for a purpose) （为某人或某目的）提供（时间、钱 等）; 拨出; 匀出; 分出: I can't spare the time for a holiday at the moment. 目前我抽不出时间去度 假. * Can you spare me a few minutes of your time? 我能耽搁你几分钟吗? * Can you spare me a few litres of petrol? 你能匀给我几升汽油吗? * Can you spare a cigarette for me? 给我根烟行吗? 4 [Tn, Tn.pr] (infml 口) manage without (sb) 无（某人）也可以: I can't spare him today we need everybody here. 我今天需要他--我们需要人人都到齐. * I can't spare you for that job; you must finish this one first. 我不能放你去做那件事; 你必须先把这件做完. 5 (idm 习语) no expense spared => expense. spare sb's `blushes do not embarrass sb by praisinghim 不夸奖某人以免使之难 为情. spare sb's `feelingsavoid hurting sb's feelings 避免伤害某人的感情; 不使某人难堪: He spared her feelings by not criticizing her husband in front of her. 他没当她的面说她丈夫的不是, 以 免使她难堪. spare no pains doing/to do sth (fml 文) take as much trouble as is necessary to achieve sth 不遗余力地做某事: The hotel staff spared no pains to ensure that our stay was as enjoyable as possible. 旅馆工作人员对我们照顾得无微不至, 尽量让我们住得舒适. ,spare the ,rod and ,spoil the `child (saying 谚) if you do not punish a child when he does wrong you will spoil his character 孩 子不打不成器. (and) to `spare more than is needed; left over 过剩; 有余; 剩余: We have enough fruit and to spare. 我们的水果充足有余. * Do you have any sugar to spare? 你的食糖有富余吗? * There's no time to spare! ie You must act, go, etc as quickly as possible. 没有多余的时间了! sparing / 5speErIN; `spZrIN/ adj [pred 作表语] ~ with/of/in sth (fml 文) economical or frugal with sth; not wasteful of sth 节约; 俭省; 不浪费: be sparing with the sugar 节约用糖* sparing of one's energy 节省精力* not sparing in his advice to others 他向别人提供意见时知无不言. sparingly adv: Use the perfume sparingly! 少用些香水! spark / spB:k; spBrk/ n 1 [C] (a) tiny glowing particle thrown off from sth burning or produced when two hard substances (eg stone, metal, flint) are struck together 火花; 火星: Sparks from the fire were flying up the chimney. 火星沿著烟囱向上飘. * The firework exploded in a shower of sparks. 烟火 炸开放出一阵火花. * Rubbing stones together produces sparks to start a fire. 用石头相擦可产生火 花用来引火. (b) flash of light produced by the breaking of an electric current （切断电流而产生的） 电火花: a faulty light switch sending out sparks 冒著火花的有故障的电灯开关. 2 [sing] ~ of sth trace (of a particular quality) （某特质的）极微的量: He hasn't a spark of generosity in him. 他一点 也不慷慨. * without a spark of enthusiasm 没有丝毫的积极性. 3 (idm 习语) a bright spark => bright. make the fur/sparks fly => fly2. spark v. [I] 1 give out sparks (spark 1); producesparks 发出火花; 冒火星: The fire is sparking dangerously. 那堆火迸出火星, 十分危险. 2 (phr v) spark sth off (infml 口) be the immediate cause of (usu sth bad); lead to sth 直接导致（尤指坏事）; 引发某事: His comment sparked off a quarrel between them. 他提的意见引起了他们之间的争吵. * The incident sparked off a whole chain of disasters. 那件事惹出了一连串的灾祸. sparks n. [sing v] (sl 俚) electrician or radio operator (esp on a ship) 电工, 无线电操作员（尤指船 上的）. sparking-plug (also `spark-plug) n. device producingan electrical spark which fires the petrol mixture in a petrol engine 火花塞: The sparking-plugs need cleaning. 火花塞要清理一下了. =>illus at App 1 见附录 1 插图, page xii. sparkle / 5spB:kl; `spBrkl/ v [I, Ipr] ~ (with sth) 1 shine brightly with flashes of light 闪耀; 闪烁: Her diamonds sparkled in the candle-light. 她的钻石在烛光中闪闪发亮. * pavements sparkling with frost 冰霜闪耀的人行道* Her eyes sparkled with excitement. 她目光闪烁显露出激动的神情. 2 be full of life and wit 活力和才智焕发; 活跃: She was really sparkling (with happiness) at the wedding. 在婚礼上她（幸福得）容光焕发. * She always sparkles at parties. 在聚会上她总是神采 奕奕. sparkle n. [U, C] effect made by sparkling (sparkle 1, 2); act of sparkling 光亮; 活力; 闪光: the sparkle of sunlight on snow 阳光照射在雪上的闪光* There was a sudden sparkle as the fireworks were lit. 烟火点燃后火花迸发. * a performance that lacked sparkle 缺乏生气的表演. sparkler / 5spB:klE(r); `spBrklL/ n 1 [C] type of small hand-held firework that sends off showers of sparks （手持的）喷火星的小烟火. 2 sparklers [pl] (sl 俚) diamonds 钻石. sparkling / 5spB:klIN; `spBrklIN/ adj [attrib 作定语] 1 (of wine, etc) giving off tiny bubbles of gas （指酒等）起泡的: sparkling white wine 白葡萄汽酒* sparkling mineral water 矿泉汽水. 2 lively and witty 活泼机智的: sparkling conversation 轻松愉快的交谈* a brilliant, sparkling young woman 聪明活泼的年轻女子. sparrow / 5spArEU; `spAro/ n type of small brownish-grey bird common in many parts of the world 麻雀: sparrows twittering in the roof-tops 在屋顶上吱吱喳喳叫的麻雀. =>illus at App 1 见附录 1 插图, page iv. sparrow-hawk n. small hawk that eats smaller birds 雀鹰. sparse / spB:s; spBrs/ adj not dense, thick or crowded; thinly scattered 稀少的; 稀疏的; 稀落的: a sparse population 稀少的人口* a sparse beard 稀疏的胡须* The television coverage of the event was rather sparse. 电视上对这件事报道得很少. sparsely adv: a sparsely furnished room, ie one with little furniture 陈设简陋的房间 * sparsely spread financial resources 分散的财力. sparseness (also sparsity / 5spB:sEtI; `spBrsEtI/) n. [U]: the sparseness of trees on the landscape 景 物中树木寥寥无几. spartan / 5spB:tn; `spBrtn/ adj (fml 文) (of conditions) simple and harsh; without luxury or comforts （指环境）简陋而艰苦的, 清苦的: lead a spartan life in the mountains 在山里过清苦的生活 * a spartan meal, ie a very simple one 一顿简单的饭. spasm / 5spAAAzEm; `spAzEm/ n [C, U] 1 strong, sudden and uncontrollable tightening of a muscle or muscles 痉挛; 抽搐; 发作: an asthma spasm 气喘发作* painful muscular spasms 引起 疼痛的痉挛* The muscles in the athlete's leg went into spasm, ie tightened uncontrollably and painfully. 那运动员的腿抽筋了. 2 sudden short burst (of activity, emotion, etc) （活动、情感等 的）突发, 发作: a spasm of energy, excitement, pain, coughing 一阵活力的爆发、兴奋、疼痛、 咳嗽. spasmodic / spAz5mCdIk; spAz`mBdIk/ adj 1 occurring or done at irregular intervals (usu for short periods at a time); not continuous or regular 一阵阵的; 时断时续的: spasmodic efforts to clean the house 对房子时干时停的打扫* spasmodic periods of happiness followed by misery 时而快乐, 时 而痛苦. 2 caused by or affected by spasms 痉挛的; 痉挛性的: spasmodic asthma 支气管气喘. spasmodically / -klI; -klI/ adv: spasmodically energetic 表现出阵阵活力的. spastic / 5spAstIk; `spAstIk/ n, adj (person who is) physically disabled because of cerebral palsy, a condition in which there are faulty links between the brain andmotor nerves causing jerky or uncontrollable movements 患大脑性麻痹的（人）: a special school for spastics 专为大脑性麻痹患 者办的学校* spastic children 大脑性麻痹患儿. spat pt, pp of spit1. spat / spAt; spAt/ n (US infml 口) small or unimportant quarrel 小争吵: a spat between brother and sister 兄妹俩的小吵小闹. spat / spAt; spAt/ n (usu pl 通常作复数) cloth or leather covering for the ankle worn formerly by men over the shoe and fastened at the side （旧时男子用的）护踝鞋罩: a pair of spats 一双鞋罩. spate / speIt; spet/ n 1 [sing] sudden fast rush (of business, etc) （生意等的）突然增多: a spate of orders 突如其来的一大批订货单* a spate of new cars on the market 突然上市的一批新汽车 * a spate of (cases of) influenza in the winter 冬天的一阵流感. 2 (idm 习语) in `spate (of a river, etc) flowing strongly at a much higher level than normal （指河水等）高涨: After the storm all the rivers were in spate. 暴雨过后河水都上涨了. spatial / 5speIFl; `speFEl/ adj (fml 文) of, concerning or existing in space 空间的; 有关空间的; 存 在于空间的: the spatial qualities of the new concert hall 新音乐厅的空间特性. spatially / -FElI; -FElI/ adv. spatter / 5spAtE(r); `spAtL/ v 1 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (on/over sb/sth); ~ sb/sth (with sth) scatter, splash or sprinkle sth in drips (over sb/sth) 洒、溅或泼在（某人[某物]）上: spatter oil on one's clothes/spatter one's clothes with oil 把油溅在衣服上* As the bus passed it spattered us with mud. 公共汽车开过时, 溅了我们一身泥. =>Usage at spray2 用法见spray2. 2 [I, Ipr, Ip] fall or rain down in drops 滴下; 洒落: We heard the rain spattering down on the roof of the hut. 我们听到雨滴 滴答答打在小屋的屋顶上. * Bullets spattered around us. 子弹像雨点般射在我们周围. spatter n. [sing] ~ (of sth) (a) sprinkling; small shower 溅; 洒; 泼; 滴落: a spatter of rain, bullets, etc 一阵雨、弹雨. (b) sound of spattering 洒、溅、泼等的声音: the spatter of rain on the tent 雨 落在帐篷上的滴沥声* a spatter of applause 劈里啪拉的一阵掌声. spatula / 5spAtFUlE; `spAtFElE/ n 1 tool with a wide flat blunt blade used for mixing and spreading, esp in cooking and painting （搅拌或涂敷用的）铲; （尤指）烹调用铲, 漆工抹刀: He scraped the mixture out of the bowl with a plastic spatula. 他用塑料铲把盆里的混合料刮了出来. * She levelled the surface of the cake mixture with a metal spatula. 她用金属铲抹平了蛋糕配料. =>illus at kitchen 见 kitchen 插图. 2 strip of hard material (usu wood) used by a doctor for pressing the tongue down when examining the throat 压舌板. spawn / spR:n; spRn/ n [U] (esp in compounds 尤用以构成复合词) 1 eggs of fish, shellfish and frogs, toads, etc （鱼、甲壳动物、蛙、蟾等的）卵: `frog-spawn 蛙卵. 2 (biology 生) white fibrous matter from which mushroomsand other fungi grow 菌丝. spawn v. [I, Tn] (a) (of fish, frogs, etc) produce (eggs) （指鱼、蛙等）产（卵）: salmon spawning 产卵的鲑鱼* Have the frogs spawned yet? 那些蛙产卵了吗? (b) (esp derog 尤作贬义) appear or produce (sth) in great numbers 大批涌现; 大量产生（某事物）: departments which spawn committees and sub-committees 派生出一大串委员会和附属委员会的部门* new housing estates spawning everywhere 处处涌现出的新住宅区. spay / speI; spe/ v [Tn] remove the ovaries of (a female animal) to prevent breeding 切除（动物的） 卵巢; 骟（雌性动物）: Has your cat been spayed yet? 你那只母猫骟了吗? speak / spi:k; spik/ v (pt spoke / spEUk; spok/, pp spoken / 5spEUkEn; `spokEn/) 1 [I] make use of words in an ordinary voice (not singing); utter words 说话; 讲话: He can't speak. 他不会说话. * Please speak more slowly. 请慢点说. * `May I speak to Susan?' ie at the beginning of a telephone conversation. ｀可以请苏珊听电话吗?＇ * `Speaking,' ie this is Susan speaking (in reply to previous question). ｀我就是.＇（对前一句的回答）. 2 [Tn] (not in the continuous tenses 不用于进行时态) know and be able to use (a language) 会说（某语言）: He speaks several languages. 他会说好几种 语言. * She speaks a little Urdu. 她会一点儿乌尔都语. * Does anyone speak English here? 这儿有 人会说英语吗? 3 [Ipr] ~ (to/with sb) (about/of sb/sth) have a conversation (with sb); express oneself in words; talk （与某人）交谈; 用语言表达; 谈话: I was speaking to him only yesterday. 昨天我还 跟他说过话呢. * Can we speak about plans for the holidays? 我们谈谈假期的打算好吗? * She was speaking about it for hours. 那件事她谈了好几个钟头. * She didn't speak of her husband at all. 她 完全没谈到她丈夫. 4 [I, Ipr] ~ (on/about sth) make a speech (to an audience) 发言; 讲话; 演讲: She spoke for forty minutes at the conference. 她在会上讲了四十分钟. * Are you good at speaking in public? 你善于当众讲话吗? * I told him to speak on any subject he wanted. 我已告诉他想谈什 麽就谈什麽. 5 [Tn] make (sth) known; say or express 表明（某事）; 说出: speak the truth 说实话 * He spoke only two words the whole evening. 一晚上他只说了两个字. =>Usage at say 用法见say. 6 [I, Ipr]~ (to/with sb) (usu in negative sentences 通常用于否定句) (infml 口) be on friendly or polite terms (with sb) （与某人）礼尚往来: They're not speaking (to each other) after their argument. 他们争吵过后就互不理睬了. 7 (idm 习语) actions speak louder than words => action. be on `speaking terms (with sb) (a) know sb well enough to speak to him 与某人熟识到可交谈的程度: I see him on the train every day but we're not on speaking terms. 我每天都在火车上见到他, 但彼此 没说过话. (b) be on friendly or polite terms; be willing to talk (to sb) (esp after an argument) 礼尚往 来; 肯（对某人）说话（尤指争吵后）: At last they're on speaking terms again! 他们终于又互相说 话了! * They're not on speaking terms after their quarrel. 他们那次吵过架后就互不理睬了. the facts speak for themselves => fact. in a manner of speaking => manner. nothing to `speak of nothing worth mentioning; not much 不值一提; 不多: She has saved a little money, but nothing to speak of. 她存了一点钱, 但少得不值一提. not to speak of/no sth to speak of not worth mentioning/no sth worth mentioning 谈不上[没有值得一提的事物]: We've not had any summer to speak of. 直到现在 还没有像样的夏天. * We've had no food to speak of today. 谈不上今天吃过东西了. roughly, generally, personally, etc speaking in a rough, general, etc way; from a general, personal, etc point of view 大致上; 一般来说; 从一般、个人等角度来看: Generally speaking, I don't like spicy food. 我一般不爱吃辛辣的食物. * Personally speaking, I prefer the second candidate. 我本人喜欢第二个 候选人. Cf 参看strictly speakinging (strict). ,so to `speak one could say; as it were 可以说; 可谓: The new procedures have been officially christened, so to speak. 新措施可以说已经正式实施了. speak for it`self/them`selves need no explaining; be self-evident 无需说明; 不言自喻: The events of that evening speak for themselves. 那天晚上发生的事情不用说也很清楚. speak for one`self express one's opinion, etc in one's own way 自己表达自己的意思: I'm quite capable of speaking for myself, thank you! 我还是有能力把话说清楚的, 谢谢你吧! speak for your`self (joc or derog catchphrase 谑或贬, 警语) don't think you are speaking on behalf of everyone 你只能代表你自己; 你不能代表 别人: `We all played very badly.' `Speak for yourself, I think I played quite well.' ｀我们在场上表现 得都很差劲.＇｀你只能说你自己, 我觉得我表现得很不错.＇ speak ill of sb (fml 文) speak in an unkind or unfavourable way about sb 说某人坏话: Don't speak ill of the dead. 别说死者的坏话. * I've never spoken ill of him in my life. 我这辈子从来没说过他的坏话. speak one's `mind express one's views directly and frankly 直率地表达意见. speak/talk of the devil => devil1. speak the same `language (as sb) (infml 口) have similar tastes and ideas (as sb); have a common understanding （与 某人）口味和意见相同; 有共同的想法: As soon as I met Liz, it was obvious we spoke the same language. 我和利兹一见面就明显觉得我们俩很说得来. speak volumes for sb/sth be strong evidence of sb/sth's merits, qualities, etc 充分证明某人[某事物]的优点、品质等: These facts speak volumes for her honesty. 这些事实都有力地证明了她为人诚实. speak `well for sb be evidence in favour of sb 证明某人很好: Her reputation as a good mother speaks well for her. 大家都知道她是 个好母亲, 这足以证明她人品好. `spoken for reserved, etc in advance 事先预订的: I'm afraid you can't use those chairs they're already spoken for. 很抱歉, 你不能用这些椅子--有人预先说好了要 用的. the spoken/written word => word. 8 (phr v) speak for sb (no passive 不用于被动语态) (a) state the wishes, views, etc, of sb; act as a spokesman for sb 表达某人的愿望、意见等; 代某人说 话: I'm afraid I can't speak for Geoff, but... 很抱歉, 我不能代表杰夫说话, 但是.... (b) give evidence on behalf of sb 为某人作证; 为某人辩护: Who is prepared to speak for the accused? 谁来 为被告辩护? speak of sth (fml 文) indicate sth; suggest sth 表明某事物; 意味著某事物: Her behaviour speaks of suffering bravely borne. 她的表现显示出她勇敢地承受著痛苦. speak out (against sth) say boldly and clearly what one thinks (in opposition to sth) 大胆明确地说出（反对某事 物）的意见: He was the only one to speak out against the closure of the hospital. 只有他一人直言不 讳地表示反对关闭医院. speak to sb (euph 婉) reprimand; tell off 责备; 训斥: Your children are disturbing my wife; can you speak to them, please? 你的孩子吵得我妻子不得安宁, 请说说他们好 吗? speak to sth (fml 文) give information about (a subject), esp at a meeting 讲述（某事）（尤指在 会上）: Will you speak to this item, David? 戴维, 你来谈谈这个问题好吗? speak up speak louder 大点声说: Please speak up; we can't hear you at the back. 请大点儿声说, 我们在后面听不见. speak up (for sb) state clearly and freely what one thinks (on behalf of sb) （为某人）明确而坦率地说出想 法: It's time to speak up for those who are suffering injustice. 现在该为蒙受不公正对待的人们大声 疾呼了. speaker n. 1 person who makes speeches; person who speaks or was speaking 发言者; 演讲者; 说（著）话的人: May I introduce our speaker for this evening? 我来介绍一下今晚演讲的人好吗? * a good, poor, interesting, etc speaker 演讲水平高的人、演讲能力差的人、发言有趣的人 * I turned and saw the speaker at the back of the room. 我转过脸看见说话的人是在屋子的最后面. 2 (infml 口) = loudspeaker (loud). 3 person who speaks a language 说某种语言的人: French speakers/speakers of French 说法语的人. 4 the Speaker person who presides over business in the House of Commons and other legislative assemblies （英国下议院及其他议会的）议长: `Order! Order!' shouted the Speaker. ｀安静! 安静!＇议长大声说道. * MP's trying to attract the attention of the Speaker 尽力引起议长注意的下议院议员. -spoken ( forming compound adjs 用以构成复合形容词) speaking in a specified way 以某种方式 说话的: well-spoken * a soft-spoken man. speaking clock ( Brit infml 口) telephone service that gives spoken statements of the time 电话报 时服务. speak-easy n. place where alcohol may be bought illegally (esp formerly in the US during Prohibition) 非法售酒处（尤指美国禁酒时期）. -speak suff 后缀 (forming ns 用以构成名词) (infml often derog 口, 常作贬义) language or jargon (esp of a particular group or organization) 语言, 术语, 行话（尤指某群体或机构的）: computerspeak 计 算机术语 * newspeak 新说法（模棱两可、互相矛盾的宣传用语）. spear / spIE(r); spIr/ n 1 weapon with a metal point on a long handle, used (esp formerly) for hunting and fighting 矛; 长枪; 标枪: antelopes killed with spears 用长枪刺死的羚羊. 2 long pointed leaf or stem (eg of grass or asparagus) growing directly out of the ground 长而尖的叶或茎（直接从地面 生出的, 如草或芦荀）: spears of the snowdrop plant 雪花莲的茎. spear v. [Tn] strike, pierce or wound (sb/sth) with a spear; kill with a spear （用矛）刺穿, 刺伤, 刺 死（某人[某物]）: They were standing in the river spearing fish. 他们站在河里叉鱼. * The warriors speared the man to death. 武士们把那个男子戳死了. spearhead n. (usu sing 通常作单数) person or group that begins or leads an attack 先锋; 前锋; 先 头部队: The new managing director will act as spearhead of the campaign. 新上任的常务董事将在 这场运动中挂帅. spearhead v. [Tn] act as a spearhead for (sth) 为（某事）作先锋; 带头做（某事）: The tanks spearheaded the offensive. 坦克在那次进攻中打头阵. spearmint / 5spIEmInt; `spIr9mInt/ n [U] common variety of mint used for flavouring (esp chewing-gum) 留兰香: [attrib 作定语] spearmint toffees 留兰香太妃糖. Cf 参看 peppermint. spec / spek; spZk/ n (idm 习语) on `spec (infml 口) as a speculation or gamble, without being sure of obtaining what one wants 碰运气: I went to the concert on spec: I hadn't booked a seat. 我去听音乐 会是碰运气, 因为没预订座位. special / 5speFl; `spZFEl/ adj 1 [usu attrib 通常作定语] of a particular or certain type; not common, usual or general 特殊的; 特别的: goods on special offer, ie cheaper than usual 特价货* He did it as a special favour. 他做这事算是特别照顾. * What are your special interests? 你有些什麽特别爱 好? * She's a very special friend. 她是个特殊的朋友. 2 [attrib 作定语] designed, reserved or arranged, etc for a particular purpose 专门的; 特设的: a special train, eg for a holiday excursion 专 列（如为假日出游特设的）* a special occasion 特别安排的活动* You'll need a special tool to do that. 干那个活儿要用专用工具. * She has her own special way of doing things. 她做事自有一套办 法. * Newspapers send special correspondents to places where important events take place. 报社往往 派遣特派记者到有重大事件的现场. 3 [attrib 作定语] exceptional in amount, degree, quality, etc 额外的; 格外的: Take special care of it. 对这东西要特别细心. * Why should we give you special treatment? 凭什麽要我们对你特殊照顾? * He takes no special trouble with his work. 他在工作上 不特别卖力. Cf 参看 especial. special n. 1 person or thing that is not of the usual or regular type, esp a special constable, train or edition (of a newspaper, etc) 特别的人或事物; （尤指）特种警察, 专列, 号外, 特刊: an all night television special on the election 电视上整夜的选举专题报道* Specials were brought in to help the regular police force. 已增派特警部队协助常规警察. 2 (US infml 口) reduced price (in a shop) given prominence through advertising, etc （通过广告等宣传的）大减价: There's a special on coffee this week. 本周咖啡特价出售. * Coffee is on special (ie being sold at a lower price than usual) this week. 本周咖啡大减价. specialist / -FElIst; -FElIst/ n person who is an expert in a special branch of work or study, esp of medicine 专业工作者; 专家;（尤指）专科医生: an `eye specialist 眼科医师* a specialist in plastic surgery 整形外科医生. specially / -FElI; -FElI/ adv 1 for a particular purpose 特意地; 专门地: I came here specially to see you. 我是专程来看你的. * I made this specially for your birthday. 这是我特意为你生日而做的. 2 (also especially) exceptionally; particularly 格外地; 特别地; 特殊地: I enjoyed the evening, but the meal wasn't specially good. 整个晚上我过得很高兴, 但那顿饭不怎麽样. Special Branch ( Brit) department of the police force that deals with national security （警察部门 的）政治保安处. special constable person trained to help the police force occasionally, esp in an emergency 特种警察. special delivery delivery of mail (a letter, parcel, etc) by a special messenger instead of by the usual postal service （信 件、包裹等的）专递: If you want the letter to arrive tomorrow send it (by) special delivery. 要让这 封信明天到, 就得用专递服务. special licence licence allowing a marriage to take place at a time or place not usu authorized 结婚特别许可（不限在 通常规定的时间或地点举行婚礼）. special pleading ( law 律) persuasive but unfair reasoning that favours one side of an argument 偏 向的诡辩. special school school for handicapped children 特殊学校（残疾儿童学校）. special student ( US) student at an American university not on a degree course 美国大学中不就读 学位课程的学生. specialize, specialise / 5speFElaIz; `spZFEl9aIz/ v [I, Ipr] ~ (in sth) (a) be or become a specialist 成为 专家; 专门从事; 专攻: He specializes in oriental history. 他专门研究东方史. (b) give particular attention to (a subject, product, etc); be well-known for 专注于（某项目、产品等）; 以...闻名: This shop specializes in chocolates. 这个商店专门出售巧克力. specialization, specialisation / 9speFElaI5zeIFn; ?@ -lI5z-; 9spZFElI`zeFEn/ n [U]. specialized, specialised adj. 1 adapted or designed for a particular purpose （为适应某目的或为某 目的而设计的）专门的: specialized tools 有专门用途的工具. 2 of or relating to a specialist 专业 的; 专科的: specialized knowledge 专业知识* specialized work 专业性的工作. speciality / 9speFI5AlEtI; 9spZFI`AlEtI/ (also esp US specialty / 5speFEltI; `spZFEltI/) n 1 interest, activity, skill, etc to which a person gives particular attention or in which he specializes 专业; 特长: Her speciality is medieval history. 她专修中世纪史. * His speciality is barbecued steaks. 烤牛排是 他的拿手好菜. 2 service or product for which a person, place, firm, etc is well-known; particularly good product or service 招牌性的或优质的服务或产品; 特制品; 拳头产品: Wood-carvings are a speciality of this village. 木雕是这个村的特殊工艺品. * Home-made ice-cream is one of our specialities. 本店自制的冰激凌别具风味. specie / 5spi:Fi:; `spiFI/ n [U] (fml 文) money in the form of coins (contrasted with paper) 硬币（相 对纸币而言）: [attrib 作定语] specie payments 硬币支付* payment in specie 以硬币支付. species / 5spi:Fi:z; `spiFiz/ n (pl unchanged 复数不变) 1 group of animals or plants within a genus(1) differing only in minor details from the others, and able to breed with each other but not with other groups 物种; 种: a species of antelope 一种羚羊* various animal species 各种动物 * the human species, ie mankind 人类. Cf 参看phylum, class 7, order1 9, family 4. 2 (infml or joc 口 或谑) sort; type 种类; 类型: an odd species of writer 古怪的作家. specific / spE5sIfIk; spI`sIfIk/ adj 1 detailed, precise and exact 详细而精确的; 确切的: specific instructions 明确的指示* What are your specific aims? 你有确切的目标吗? 2 relating to one particular thing, etc; not general 特定的; 具体的: The money is to be used for one specific purpose: the building of the new theatre. 这笔钱有专门用途: 就是建造新剧院. specific n. 1 (medical 医) drug used to treat a particular disease or condition 特效药: Quinine is a specific for malaria. 奎宁是治疗疟疾的特效药. 2 particular aspect or precise detail 具体的方面; 详情; 细节: moving from the general to the specific 从泛泛而谈转向具体论述* We all agreed on our basic aims, but when we got down to specifics it became more complicated. 关于基本目标, 大家 的意见是一致的, 但谈到具体事情时, 情况就复杂了. specifically / -klI; -klI/ adv in a specific manner 确切地; 具体地; 特别地: You were specifically warned not to eat fish. 已经特别叮嘱过你不要吃鱼. * The houses are specifically designed for old people. 这些房子是专为老年人设计的. specific gravity mass of any substance in relation to an equal volume of water 比重. specification / 9spesIfI5keIFn; 9spZsEfE`keFEn/ n 1 [C esp pl 尤作复数] details and instructions describing the design, materials, etc of sth to be made or done 规格; 规格说明: specifications for (building) a garage （建造）车房的规格说明* the technical specifications of a new car 新汽车的 技术规格. 2 [U] action of specifying 具体说明; 详述: the specification of details 细节的详述. specify / 5spesIfaI; `spZsE9faI/ v (pt, pp -fied) [Tn, Tf, Tw] (esp fml 尤作文雅语) state or name clearly and definitely (details, materials, etc) 确切说明（细节、材料等）; 明确规定; 详述: The contract specifies red tiles, not slates, for the roof. 合同中规定屋顶要用红瓦而不用石板瓦. * The regulations specify that you may use a dictionary in the examination. 规则中指明考试时可以用词 典. specimen / 5spesImEn; `spZsEmEn/ n 1 thing or part of a thing taken as an example of its group or class (esp for scientific research or for a collection) 样品, 标本（尤用于科研或作收藏品）: There were some fine specimens of rocks and ores in the museum. 博物馆里有些很好的岩石和矿石标本. * [attrib 作定语] a specimen signature 签字样* a publisher's catalogue with specimen pages of a book 附有某书样张的出版物目录. 2 sample (esp of urine) to be tested (usu for medical purposes) 标本; 样; （尤指）尿样: supply specimens for laboratory analysis 提供作实验分析的标本. (infml sometimes derog 口, 有时作贬义) person of a specified sort, esp one who is unusual in some way 有某特点的人（尤指有些怪异的）: a fine specimen (of humanity) 好人* That new librarian is an odd specimen, isn't he? 新来的图书管理员挺古怪的, 是不是? specious / 5spi:FEs; `spiFEs/ adj (fml 文) seeming rightor true but actually wrong or false 似是而非 的: a speciousargument 似是而非的论点. speciously adv: speciously convincing 貌似有理而让人信服. speciousness n. [U]. speck / spek; spZk/ n very small spot or stain; tiny particle (of dirt, etc) 小斑点; 小污点; （泥土等 的）小颗粒: a speck of soot on his shirt 他衬衫上的黑炱斑* Do you ever see specks in front of your eyes? 你是否有过眼前出现黑斑的现象? * The ship was a mere speck on the horizon. 那只船在天 水交接处不过是一个小点儿. speckle / 5spekl; `spZkl/ n small mark or spot, esp one of many, often occurring as natural markings on a different coloured background (on the skin, feathers, eggs, etc) （皮肤、羽毛、蛋壳等上的） 斑点, 色斑, 色点: brown speckles on a white egg 白色蛋上的褐斑* speckles of red in a blue background 蓝底红点儿. speckled adj. marked with speckles 有斑点的; 有色斑的: a speckled hen 有花斑的母鸡 * speckled eggs 有色斑的蛋. spec / spek; spZk/ n (idm 习语) on `spec (infml 口) as a speculation or gamble, without being sure of obtaining what one wants 碰运气: I went to the concert on spec: I hadn't booked a seat. 我去听音乐 会是碰运气, 因为没预订座位. specs / speks; spZks/ n [pl] (infml 口) = glasses (glass 5). spectacle / 5spektEkl; `spZktEkl/ n 1 grand public display, procession, performance, etc 大场面（壮 观的公开展示、队列、表演等）: The ceremonial opening of Parliament was a fine spectacle. 该 议会的开幕式场面隆重. 2 impressive, remarkable or interesting sight 精彩的、非凡的或有趣的 情景: The sunrise seen from high in the mountains was a tremendous spectacle. 从山上居高远望, 日 出景象蔚为奇观. 3 (usu derog 通常作贬义) object of attention, esp sb/sth unusual or ridiculous 注 意的目标; （尤指）不同寻常的或滑稽的人[事物]: The poor fellow was a sad spectacle. 那可怜的 家伙看著就叫人难过. 4 (idm 习语) make a `spectacle of oneself draw attention to oneself by behaving, dressing, etc ridiculously, esp in public （因行为、穿著等）出丑, 出洋相: make a spectacle of oneself by arguing with the waiter 跟服务员争吵而出丑. spectacles / 5spektEklz; `spZktEklz/ n [pl] (usu fml 通常作文雅语) = glasses (glass 5): I've lost a pair of spectacles. 我丢了一副眼镜. * Where are my spectacles? 我的眼镜呢? spectacled / -kEld; -kld/ adj wearing spectacles 戴眼镜的. spectacular / spek5tAkjUlE(r); spZk`tAkjElL/ adj (a) making a very fine display or show 壮观的; 精 彩的:a spectacular display of fireworks 壮观的烟火会. (b)(attracting attention because) impressive or extraordinary 引人注目的; 出色的; 与众不同的: a spectacular victory by the French athlete 那个 法国运动员的辉煌胜利. spectacular n. (supposedly) impressive show or performance; spectacle 精彩的节目或表演; 壮观 的场面: a Christmas TV spectacular 圣诞节精彩的电视节目* an aerobatic spectacular at the air show 航空表演中的特技飞行奇观. spectacularly adv: a spectacularly daring performance 扣人心弦的惊险表演. spectator / spek5teItE(r); ?@ 5spekteItEr; `spZktetL/ n person who watches (esp a show or game) 观 看者; （尤指表演或比赛的）观众: noisy spectators at a football match 足球比赛中喧闹的观众. spectator sports sports that attract many spectators,eg football 观众多的体育运动（如足球）: Many spectator sports are now televised. 有许多体育项目因观众多现已由电视转播. spectral / 5spektrEl; `spZktrEl/ adj (fml 文) 1 of or like a spectre(1) （似）鬼的, 幽灵的: spectral figures 鬼影. 2 of the spectrum or spectra 谱的; 光谱的: spectral colours 谱色. spectre (US specter) / 5spektE(r); `spZktL/ n (fml 文) 1 ghost; phantom 鬼; 幽灵: haunted by spectres from the past 闹鬼的. 2 unpleasant and frightening mental image of possible future trouble （因可能出现困难而产生的）忧虑, 恐怖: The spectre of unemployment was always on his mind. 他心头一直萦绕著可能失业的恐惧感. spectro- : comb form 构词成分of or concerned with a spectrum 谱的; 有关谱的: spectrometer. spectrometer / spek5trCmItE(r); spZk`trBmEtL/ n type of instrument that can be used for measuring spectra 分光计; 分光仪; 谱仪. spectroscope / 5spektrEskEUp; `spZktrE9skop/ n instrument for producing and examining the spectra of a ray of light 分光镜. spectroscopic / 9spektrE5skCpIk; 9spZktrE`skBpIk/ adj of or by means of a spectroscope 分光镜的; 藉分光镜的: spectroscopic analysis 光谱分析. spectrum / 5spektrEm; `spZktrEm/ n (pl spectra / 5spektrE; `spZktrE/) (usu sing 通常作单数) 1 image of a band of colours as seen in a rainbow (and usu described as red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet), formed by a ray of light that has passed through a prism 光谱. 2 similar series of bands of sound 声谱; 频谱: the sound spectrum 声谱. 3 (fig 比喻) full or wide range or sequence 范围; 系列: covering the whole spectrum of ability 涉及整个能力范围. =>Usage at data 用法见 data. speculate / 5spekjUleIt; `spZkjE9let/ v 1 [I, Ipr, Tf] ~ (about/on/upon sth) form opinions without having definite or complete knowledge or evidence; guess 思考; 思索; 推断; 推测: speculate about/upon the future 对未来的推想* I wouldn't like to speculate on the reasons for her resignation. 我不愿意猜测她辞职的原因. * I can only speculate that he left willingly. 我看他一定是自愿走的. 2 [I, Ipr] ~ (in sth) buy and sell goods or stocks and shares in the hope of making a profit through changes in their value, but with the risk of losing money 投机; 做投机买卖: speculate in oil shares 做石油股票的投机买卖* speculating on the stock market 进行证券投机. speculator n. person who speculates (speculate 2) 投机者; 投机商. speculation / 9spekjU5leIFn; 9spZkjE`leFEn/ n 1 (a) [U] ~ (over/about/upon/on sth) action of speculating (speculate1) 思考; 思索; 推断; 推测: much speculation over the cause of the air crash 对飞机坠毁原因的多方推测. (b) [C] opinion reached in this way; guess 推测结论; 猜测: My speculations proved totally wrong. 我猜想的全错了. 2 (a) [U] ~ (in sth) activity of speculating (speculate2) 投机活动: speculation in oil 在石油业中的投机活动 * dishonest speculation in property development 房地产开发中的欺诈性投机活动. (b) [C] business deal, transaction, etc involving this 投机买卖; 投机生意: make some unprofitable speculations 做些无利可图的投机生 意* buy many shares as a speculation 买入许多股票进行投机. speculative / 5spekjUlEtIv; ?@ also 5spekjEleItIv;`spZkjElEtIv, `spZkjE9letIv/ adj 1 concerned with or formed by speculation(1) 思考的; 思索的; 有关推断的; 推测出的: speculative philosophy 思 辩哲学* His conclusions are purely speculative, ie based on reasoning, not facts. 他做出的结论纯 粹是推测而来的. 2 as a speculation(2) 投机的; 投机生意的: speculative buying of grain 投机购 买谷物* speculative housing 投机性营造房屋. sped pt, pp of speed. speech / spi:tF; spitF/ n 1 [U] (a) power or act of speaking 说话的能力; 说话: Man is the only animal that has the faculty of speech. 人类是唯一有说话能力的动物. * We can express our thoughts by speech. 我们能以说话的方式表达思想. * His illness left him without the power of speech. 他病 后丧失了说话能力. * freedom of speech, ie freedom to say openly in public what one thinks, eg on social and political questions 言论自由. (b) manner or way of speaking 说话的方式: His indistinct speech made it impossible to understand him. 他口齿不清, 无法听懂他的意思. * She's doing a study of children's speech. 她正在研究儿童说话现象. * His speech was slurred: he'd clearly been drinking. 他说话含混不清, 显然喝了酒了. 2 [C] (a) ~ (on/about sth) formal talk given to an audience 讲话; 发言; 演说: make/deliver/give a speech 发言* a speech on/about racism 关于种 族主义的讲话* He made a very boring after-dinner speech. 他在宴会后的讲话很枯燥. (b) (usu long) group of lines to be spoken by an actor in a play （通常指长的）台词: I've got some very long speeches to learn in Act 2. 第2 幕中我有些大段台词要记. speechless adj. (a) unable to speak, esp because of strong feeling 说不出话的（尤指因激动）: speechless with surprise 惊讶得说不出话来* Anger left him speechless. 他气得说不出话来. (b) that cannot be expressed in words 无法用言语表达的: speechless rage 无法用言语表达的愤怒. speechlessly adv: speechlessly furious 气愤得说不出话来. speechlessness n. [U]. speech-day n. annual school celebration with speeches and distribution of certificates and prizes （学 校一年一度的）毕业典礼日. speech therapy special treatment to help people with speech problems to speak more clearly 言语治疗. speech therapist person trained to provide this 言语治疗专家. speechify / 5spi:tFIfaI; `spitFE9faI/ v (pt, pp -fied) [I] (infml usu derog 口, 通常作贬义) make a speech or speeches pompously; talk as if making speeches 高谈阔论; 煞有介事地讲话: town councillors speechifying at the opening of a new building 在新大厦的启用典礼上放言高论的市镇 议员. speed / spi:d; spid/ n 1 [U] quickness of movements; swiftness 快; 迅速: He moves with great speed. 他动作很迅速. * The tennis player's speed is his great asset. 那个网球运动员动作迅速, 这 是他的一大优势. 2 [C, U] rate at which sb/sth moves 速度; 速率: at a speed of fifty kilometres an hour 以每小时五十公里的速度* at (a) very slow speed 以很慢的速度* at top speed 以最高速 度. 3 [C] (a) sensitivity of photographic film to light 感光度: What's the speed of the film you're using? 你用的胶卷感光度是多少? (b) time taken by a camera shutter to open and close 快门速度: different shutter speeds 不同的快门速度* a photograph taken at a speed of -1-250 of a second 用 -1-250 秒的快门速度拍摄的照片. 4 [U] (sl 俚) amphetamine used as a drug to produce a sense of well-being and excitement 苯异丙胺, 安非他明（用以产生欣快感和兴奋感）: He's hooked on (ie addicted to) speed. 他使用安非他明已成瘾. 5 [C] (esp in compounds 尤用以构成复合词) gear 排挡: a ten-speed bicycle 十速自行车. 6 (idm 习语) at speed at high speed; quickly 高速地; 快 地: It's dangerous to go round corners at speed. 高速转弯很危险. full pelt/tilt/speed => full. full speed/steam ahead => full. more haste, less speed => haste. pick up speed => pick3. a turn of speed => turn2. with all `speed/`haste as quickly as possible 尽快地. with lightning speed => lightning2. speed v. (pt, pp sped / sped; spZd/; in senses 2 and 3 用于下述第2 义和第3 义时作 speeded) 1 [Ipr] move along or go quickly 快速行进; 疾行: cars speeding past the school 从学校旁快速驶过 的汽车* He sped down the street. 他沿那条街快步走去. 2 [Tn, Tn.pr] cause (sth) to move or go quickly 使（某事物）快速移动或行进: This medicine will help speed her recovery. 这药能加快她 康复. 3 [I] (usu in the continous tenses 通常用于进行时态) drive or go faster than the speeds allowed by law 违章超速驾驶或行驶: The police said he'd been speeding on the motorway. 警察说 他在高速公路上违章超速行驶. 4 (phr v) speed (sth) up (cause sth to) increase speed （使某事物） 加速: They've speeded up production of the new car. 他们加快了新汽车的生产. * The train soon speeded up. 火车不久就加快了速度. speeding n. [U] traffic offence of travelling at an illegal or a dangerous speed 违章超速行驶: fined 60 for speeding 因超速而被罚款60 英镑. speedometer / spi:5dCmItE(r); spi`dBmEtL/ n instrument showing the speed of a motor vehicle, etc （机动车等的）速度计: The speedometer is faulty. 这个速度计有毛病. =>illus at App 1 见附录1 插图, page xii. speedy adj. (-ier, -iest) 1 (often infml 常作口语) moving quickly; fast 快速的; 迅速的: a speedy business operator 办事效率高的经营者. 2 coming, done or carried out, etc without delay 迅即的; 及早的: wish sb a speedy recovery from illness 祝某人早日康复. speedily adv. speediness n. [U]: the speediness of his recovery from the accident 他在事故后的迅速康复. speedboat n. motor-boat designed to go at high speeds 快艇. speed-indicator n. (fml 文) speedometer 速度计. speed limit highest speed at which it is legal to travel (on a particular stretch of road) （某段道路的）速度限制: What's the speed limit on the motorway? 高速公路的速度限制是多少? * The speed limit is 40 miles per hour. 规定的最高时速为40 英里. speed merchant ( sl derog 俚, 贬) person who drives a car or motor bike very fast 高速驾驶汽车 或摩托车的人. speed trap system used by the police to catch motorists, etc who are driving faster than the speed limit 车速监视 路段. speedway n. (a) [C] track for fast driving and racing, esp by motor-bikes 赛车跑道（尤指摩托车的）. (b) [U] sport of racing motor-bikes on such a track 摩托车赛: Do you like speedway? 你喜欢摩托车 赛吗? (c) [C] (US) road on which fast driving is allowed 高速公路. speed-up n. (infml 口) increase in speed; acceleration 加速; 加快: a speed-up in the rate of production 生产速度的提高. speedwell / 5spi:dwel; `spidwZl/ n type of small wild plant with bright blue flowers 婆婆纳（草本植 物, 开鲜艳蓝花）. speleology (also spelaeology) / 9spi:lI5ClEdVI; 9spilI`BlEdVI/ n [U] 1 scientific study and exploration of caves 洞穴学. 2 sport of walking in and exploring caves 洞穴探险（运动）. speleological (also spelaeological) / 9spi:lIE5lCdVIkl;9spilIE`lBdVIkEl/ adj: speleological exploration 洞穴探索. speleologist (also spelaeologist) / 9spi:lI5ClEdVIst; 9spilI`BlEdVIst/ n scientist who studies caves; expert in speleology 洞穴学学者; 洞穴探险家. spell / spel; spZl/ n 1 (a) [C] words which when spoken are thought to have magical power; charm 咒语; 咒; 符咒: a book of spells 咒语集* The wizard recited a spell. 那术士念了一咒. (b) [C usu sing 通常作单数] state or condition caused by the speaking of such words (used esp in the expressions shown) 被咒语镇住的状态, 中魔（尤用于以下示例）: be under a spell, ie be in this state 被咒语镇住* cast/put a spell on sb 对某人施魔咒. 2 [sing] great attraction, fascination, etc caused by a person or thing; strong influence 魅力; 魔力; 威势: under the spell of her beauty 被她的美艳 迷住* the mysterious spell of music 音乐的神奇魔力. spellbinder / 5spelbaIndE(r); `spZl9baIndL/ person (esp a speaker) who can hold sb's attention completely (as if) by magic （似乎）以魔法吸引住他人注意力者; （尤指）使听者入迷的演讲者. spellbinding / -baIndIN;-baIndIN/ adj holding the attention in this way; entrancing 使人入迷的; 迷 人的: a spellbinding performance 迷住人的表演. spellbound / -baUnd; -9baJnd/ adj [usu pred 通常作表语] with the attention held by, or as if by, a magical spell; entranced 著魔; 入迷; 出神: The magician held (ie kept) the children spellbound. 魔 术师把孩子都迷住了. spell / spel; spZl/ n 1 period of time during which sth lasts （某事物持续的）一段时间: a long spell of warm weather 持续很久的温暖的天气* a cold spell in January 一月份中一段寒冷的日子 * rest for a short spell 歇一会儿. 2 ~ (at/on sth) period of activity or duty (esp one which two or more people share); turn 活动的或工作的一段时间; （尤指）轮班的时间: a spell at the wheel of the car, eg when two people are sharing the driving 轮流驾驶汽车* a spell on the typewriter 打一会儿字 * We took spells at carrying the baby. 我们轮流抱孩子. spell / spel; spZl/ v (pt, pp spelled / speld; spZld/ or spelt / spelt; spZlt/) =>Usage at dream2 用法见 dream2. 1 (a) [Tn, Tn.pr, Cn.n] name or write letters of (a word) in their correct order （用字母）拼 （某字）; 拼写: How do you spell your name? 你的名字怎麽拼写? * That word is spelt with a PH, not an F. 那个字里的f 音拼作PH 而不是F. * You spell his name P-A-U-L. 他的名字拼作P-A-U-L. (b) [I, Tn] put the letters of (words) together in the correct or accepted order 正确地拼（字）: These children can't spell. 这些孩子不会拼字. * Why don't you learn to spell my name (correctly)? 你怎麽 不花点工夫把我的名字拼对呢? 2 [Tn] (of letters) form (words) when put together in a particular order （指字母）拼成（字）: C-A-T spells cat. C-A-T 拼成cat. 3 [Tn] have (sth) as a result; mean 招致（某事物）; 意味著: The failure of their crops spelt disaster for the peasant farmers. 作物歉收 农民就要受灾. 4 (phr v) spell sth out (a) say aloud or write the letters of (a word) in their correct order 拼出（某字）: Could you spell that word out for me again? 那个字你再拼一遍好吗? (b) make sth clear and easy to understand; explain sth in detail 讲清楚某事; 详细解释某事: My instructions seem simple enough do I have to spell them out again? 我的要求算是够明白的了--还要我再讲清 楚吗? * She's so stupid that you have to spell everything out. 她笨极了, 什麽事都要给她解释得明 明白白. speller n. person who spells (usu in the way indicated by the adj) 拼字者（通常有形容词修饰）: She's a good/poor speller. 她拼字的功底很好[差]. spelling n. 1 [U] (a) ability of a person to spell 拼写的能力: His spelling is terrible. 他的拼字功 底极差. * [attrib 作定语] They were given a spelling test. 对他们进行了拼写测验. (b) action or process of forming words correctlyfrom letters 拼写. 2 [C] way a word is spelt 拼法: Which is the better spelling: Tokio or Tokyo? Tokio 和 Tokyo 哪种拼法好呢? * English and American spelling(s) 英式拼法和美式拼法. spelt => spell3. spend / spend; spZnd/ v (pt, pp spent / spent; spZnt/) 1 [I, Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (on/sth) give or pay out (money) for goods, services, etc 用（钱）; 花（钱）: He spends as if he were a millionaire. 他用起 钱来像个百万富翁似的. * She's spent all her money. 她把钱都花光了. * He spends too much (money) on clothes. 他在衣著上花费太大. 2 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (on sth/in doing sth) (a) use (time, etc) for a purpose 花（时间等）: spend a lot of time on a project/(in) explaining a plan 花很多时间 进行某项目[解释某方案] * spend one's energy cleaning the place up 用力气把那地方打扫乾净. (b) use sth up; exhaust sth 用完, 耗尽（某物）: The blizzard quickly spent itself, ie used up all its force. 暴风雪很快就停了下来. * They went on firing until they had spent all their ammunition. 他们不停 地射击, 耗尽了所有的弹药. * I've spent all my energy on this. 我对此事已呕尽心血. 3 [Tn, Tn.pr] pass (time) 度过, 消磨（时间）: How do you spend your spare time? 你业余时间怎麽打发? * spend a weekend in Paris 在巴黎过周末* spend summer holidays by the sea 在海滨过暑假. 4 (idm 习语) spend the `night with sb (euph 婉) sleep for a night in the same bed as and have sexual intercourse with sb to whom one is not married 跟某人过一夜（与非配偶同床并发生性行为）. spend a`penny (infml euph 口, 婉) go to the toilet; urinate 去厕所; 解小便: I'm just going to spend a penny. 我要去厕所. spender n. person who spends money (usu in wayindicated by the adj) 花钱者（通常有形容词修 饰）: a big/an extravagant spender 大手大脚的人[挥金如土的人] * a miserly spender 用钱很小气的 人. spendthrift n. person who spends money extravagantly and wastefully 挥霍者; 败家子. spent / spent; spZnt/ adj (a) [usu attrib 通常作定语] having lost power or strength; used 失去效力的; 衰竭的; 用过的: a spent match 燃过的火柴* a spent cartridge/bullet 空的弹壳[弹头]. (b) (fml 文) exhausted 筋疲力尽的: He returned home spent, dirty and cold. 他回到家时筋疲力尽, 又脏又冷. sperm / sp\:m; sp[m/ n 1 [C] (pl unchanged or ~s 复数或不变或作sperms) male reproductive cell able to fertilize a female ovum 精子: He has a low sperm count, ie He has few sperm cells and so is not very fertile. 他的精液中精子含量少. 2 [U] fertilizing fluid of a male animal containing these; semen 精液. spermicide / -IsaId; -E9saId/ n substance that kills sperm 杀精子剂. spermicidal / 9sp\:mI5saIdl; 9sp[mE`saIdEl/ adj [attrib 作定语]: spermicidal jelly 杀精膏. sperm whale / 5sp\:m weIl; `sp[m 9hwel/ n large whale producing spermaceti 抹香鲸. spermaceti / 9sp\:mE5setI; 9sp[mE`sZtI/ n [U] white waxy fatty substance contained in solution in the heads of sperm whales, used (esp formerly) for ointments, candles, etc 鲸蜡; 鲸脑油. spermatozoon / 9sp\:mEtE5zEUEn; 9sp[mEtE`zoEn/ n (pl -zoa / -5zEUE; -`zoE/) (biology 生) sperm 精子; 精液. spew / spju:; spju/ v 1 [I, Ip, Tn, Tn.p] ~ (sth) (out/up) (esp infml 尤作口语) vomit 呕吐: spewing up in the basin 呕吐到盥洗盆里* She spewed up the entire meal. 她把那顿饭全吐出来了. 2 [Ip, Tn, Tn.p] ~ out; ~ sth (out) (cause sth to) send out in a stream （使某事物）喷出, 射出: Water spewed out of the hole. 水从孔中射出. * The volcano spewed molten lava. 火山喷出了熔岩. sphagnum / 5sfAgnEm; `sfA-nEm/ n (pl ~s or sphagna / 5sfgnE; `sfA-nE/) type of moss that grows in wet areas, used esp for packing plants 泥炭藓（尤用于包裹植物）. sphere / sfIE(r); sfIr/ n 1 (a) solid figure that is entirely round (ie with every point on the surface at an equal distance from the centre) 球体; 球形. =>illus at cube 见cube 插图. (b) any object having approximately this shape (eg a ball, a globe) 球状物. 2 (a) range or extent (of sb's interests, activity, influence, etc) （某人的兴趣、活动、影响等的）范围: a sphere of influence, eg area over which a country, etc claims certain rights 势力范围（如一国的）* Her sphere of interests is very limited. 她 的爱好很有限. (b) group in society; person's place in society 社会阶层; 社会地位: It took him completely out of his sphere. 这件事完全超出了他的生活范围了. * distinguished in many different spheres, eg in artistic, literary and political circles 在许多领域出众（如艺术、文学、政治等方面）. spherical / 5sferIkl; `sfZrIkl/ adj shaped like a sphere 球形的; 球状的; 球面的: a spherical object 球状的物体. spheroid / 5sfIErRId; `sfIrRId/ n solid object that is almost, but not perfectly, spherical 扁球体; 椭 形球. -sphere comb form 构词成分 (forming ns 用以构成名词) of or like a sphere 球体的; 球状的: ionosphere * atmosphere. -spheric (also -spherical) ( forming adjs 用以构成形容词): atmospheric. sphincter / 5sfINktE(r); `sfINktL/ n (fml 文) ring of muscle that surrounds an opening in the body and can contract to close it 括约肌: the anal sphincter 肛门括约肌. sphinx / sfINks; sfINks/ n 1 (esp 尤作the Sphinx) stone statue in Egypt with a lion's body and a man's or an animal's head 斯芬克斯（埃及的狮身人面或狮身兽面石像）. 2 person who keeps his thoughts and feelings secret; enigmatic person 内心世界不外露的人; 谜一样的人: I've always found her rather sphinx-like. 我总觉得她像个谜一样, 难以捉摸. spice / spaIs; spaIs/ n 1 (a) [C] any of various types of substance obtained from plants, with a strong taste and/or smell, used, esp in powder form, for flavouring food 香料（从植物中提取而得, 尤指粉 状的）: Ginger, nutmeg, cinnamon, pepper and cloves are common spices. 姜、肉豆蔻、肉桂、胡 椒、丁香都是常用的香料. (b) [U] such substances considered as a group 香料（总称）: mixed spice 混合香料* too much spice in the cake 糕饼中香料太多 * [attrib 作定语] a spice jar 香料瓶. 2 [U] (fig 比喻) extra interest or excitement 额外的趣味或刺激性的事物: a story that lacks spice 乏 味的故事* add a bit of spice to their marriage 给他们的婚姻增添了些微情趣. Cf 参看 salt 5. spice v. [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (with sth) 1 add flavour to sth with spice 用香料给某物调味: Have you spiced this cake? 这蛋糕中加香料了吗? * He spiced the biscuits with cinnamon. 他在饼乾里加了 肉桂. 2 (usu passive 通常用于被动语态) add (humour, etc) to give interest, variety, etc 加入（幽默 成分等）以增添趣味、新鲜感等: a boring life spiced with moments of intrigue 除了几件秘史点缀 外枯燥无味的一生* His stories are spiced with humour. 他的小说里有很多幽默风趣的片断. spiced adj. containing spice(1) or spices 含香料的: heavily spiced curries 味道浓的咖喱食品 * spiced biscuits 香味饼乾. spicy adj. (-ier, -iest) 1 flavoured with spice; smelling or tasting of spice 用香料调味的; 有香料 味的; 辛辣的: Do you like spicy food? 你喜欢吃辣的食物吗? 2 exciting or interesting (esp because slightly indecent or scandalous) 有刺激性的, 有趣味的（尤指有些猥亵或丑事成分的）: spicy details of a film star's love life 某影星的桃色底蕴. spiciness n. [U]: the spiciness of Indian food 印度菜的辛辣. spick / spIk; spIk/ adj (idm 习语) ,spick and `span [usu pred 通常作表语] neat, clean and tidy 整洁: They always keep their kitchen spick and span. 他们的厨房总是很整洁. spider / 5spaIdE(r); `spaIdL/ n any of several types of small creature with eight thin legs, many of which spin webs to trap insects as food 蜘蛛. spidery / 5spaIdErI; `spaIdErI/ adj 1 (esp of handwriting) having thin angular lines like a spider's legs （尤指笔迹）细长而有棱角的: written in her spidery scrawl 她用细长而潦草的字体写的. full of spiders 有很多蜘蛛的. spider-man / -mn; -mAn/ n (pl -men / -men; -mZn/) man who works at a great height in constructing buildings 高空作业的建筑工人. spider plant plant with thin leaves and long stems from which fresh young plants grow 醉蝶花属植物. spied pt, pp of spy. spiel / Fpi:l; ?@ spi:l; spil/ n (infml usu derog 口, 通常作贬义) long or fast prepared speech (usu intended to persuade sb or as an excuse) 滔滔不绝的讲话（通常为说服某人或用作藉口）: The salesman gave (us) a long spiel about why we should buy his product. 推销员口若悬河, 说我们应该 买他的东西. spigot / 5spIgEt; `spI-Et/ n (usu wooden) peg or plug used to stop the hole of a barrel, etc or to control the flow of liquid from a tap （通常为木质的）塞子. spike / spaIk; spaIk/ n 1 [C] hard thin pointed piece of metal, wood, etc; sharp point （金属、木质 等的）尖状物, 尖头: sharp spikes on top of the railings in the park 公园栏杆上的尖头. 2 (a) [C] any of a set of metal points attached to the sole of a shoe, etc to prevent the wearer slipping while running in sports, etc （鞋底的）防滑钉. (b) spikes [pl] running-shoes fitted with these 钉鞋: a pair of spikes 一双钉鞋. 3 [C] long metal nail or pin （金属的）长钉, 长针, 大钉. 4 [C] ear (of corn, etc) （玉米等的）穗: spikes of barley 大麦穗. 5 [C] long pointed group of flowers on a single stem 穗 状花: spikes of lavender 薰衣草的穗状花. spike v. [Tn] 1 (usu passive 通常用于被动语态) put spikes on (shoes, etc) 给（鞋等）装上钉: spiked running shoes 带钉的跑鞋. 2 pierce or injure with a spike 用尖物刺或伤害. 3 (esp US) = lace v 2. 4 (idm 习语) spike sb's `guns spoil the plans of (an opponent) 破坏（对手）的计画. spiky adj. (-ier, -iest) 1 having sharp points or spikes 有尖刺的: Your hairbrush is too spiky for me. 你的发刷我觉得太尖了. 2 (infml fig 口, 比喻) (of people) easily offended and difficult to please; irritable （指人）难对付的, 难取悦的, 易怒的. spikiness n. [U]. spill / spIl; spIl/ v (pt, pp spilt / spIlt; spIlt/ or spilled) =>Usage at dream2 用法见 dream2. 1 [I, Ipr, Ip, Tn, Tn.pr] ~ (sth) (from, out of, etc sth); ~ out (allow or cause liquid, etc to) run or fall over the edge of a container 流出; 溢出; 洒出: The ink spilt all over the desk. 墨水洒了一桌子. * He knocked the bucket over and all the water spilt out. 他撞翻了水桶, 水全流出去了. * Who has spilt/spilled the milk? 谁把牛奶泼出来了? =>illus at pour 见pour 插图. 2 [Tn] (infml 口) reveal or make sth known 泄漏某事物: Who spilt the news? 是谁把这消息捅出去的? 3 (idm 习语) cry over spilt milk => cry1. spill the `beans (infml 口) reveal (esp secret) information, deliberately or unintentionally （故意地或无意地）泄露（尤指秘密的）信息. spill `blood (fml 文) (cause people to) be injured or killed; shed blood （使人）受伤, 被杀, 流血: Much innocent blood is spilt in war. 许 多无辜的人在战争中受伤或死亡. 4 (phr v) spill over overflow from sth that is full 从某物中溢出: The meeting spilt over from the hall into the corridor. 参加会议的人从大厅到走廊挤得水泄不通. spill n. 1 fall from a horse, bicycle, etc （从马、自行车等上）跌下: have a nasty spill 重重地 摔了下来. 2 (idm 习语) thrills and spills => thrill n. spillage / 5spIlIdV; `spIlIdV/ n (a) [U] action of spilling 溢出; 泼出; 洒出. (b) [C] amount spilt 溢 出量; 洒出量: spillages of drink 饮料洒出的量. spillway n. passage for surplus water from a reservoir, river, etc 溢洪道; 泄洪道. spill / spIl; spIl/ n thin strip of wood or twisted paper, used for lighting candles, pipes, fires, etc （点燃 蜡烛、烟斗等用的）木片, 纸捻. spin / spIn; spIn/ v (-nn-; pt spun / spQn; spQn/ or, in archaic use, 古语拼作span / spn; spAn/, pp spun) 1 (a) [Tn, Tn.p] ~ sth (round) make sth turn round and round rapidly 使某物快速旋转: spin the ball, eg in cricket or tennis 打旋转球（如板球或网球中）* spin a top 转陀螺* He spun the wheel of his bicycle. 他快速转动自行车的轮子. * They spun a coin to decide who should start, ie threw it spinning in the air to see which side was uppermost when it landed. 他们抛转硬币来决定谁 开场. (b) [I, Ipr, Ip] move round and round rapidly 快速旋转: The revolving sign was spinning round and round in the wind. 旋转的标志牌在风中打著旋儿. * The collision sent the car spinning across the road. 汽车被撞得转著圈儿冲到路的另一边. * The blow sent him spinning back against the wall. 他被打得晕头转向, 撞在后面的墙上. * She spun round to catch the ball. 她飞快地转身接球. * (fig 比喻) My head is spinning, ie I feel dizzy. 我头晕. 2 (a) [I, Tn, Tn.pr] ~ (A into B)/(B from A) form (thread) from wool, cotton, silk, etc by drawing out and twisting; make (yarn) from wool, etc in this way 纺（线）; 纺（纱）: She spins goat's hair into wool/spins wool from goat's hair. 她把山羊 毛纺成毛线. (b) [I] engage in the occupation or pastime of spinning thread 纺纱（为业或消遣）: I enjoy spinning. 我喜欢纺纱. 3 [Tn] (of a spider, silkworm, etc) produce (fine silk or silk-like material) from the body in order to make (a web, cocoon, etc) （指蜘蛛等）结（网）; （指蚕等） 吐丝做（茧）: spiders spinning their webs 结网的蜘蛛* silkworms spinning cocoons 做茧的蚕. 4 (idm 习语) spin (sb) a `yarn tell a (usu long) story, often in order to deceive sb 讲故事（通常很长, 常用以蒙人）: The old sailor loves to spin yarns about his life at sea. 那老水手爱信口开河地讲他的 航海生涯. * He spun us this unlikely yarn about being trapped for hours in a broken lift. 他对我们胡 诌在坏电梯中困了几个小时. 5 (phr v) spin along (sth) move along rapidly on wheels （车辆）疾 驰: The car was spinning merrily along (the road). 汽车（沿路）轻快地奔驰著. spin sth out make sth last as long as possible 使某事物尽量延长或拖延: spin out the time by talking 靠说话来拖延时间 * spin one's money out until the next pay-day 省著花钱以维持到发工资那天. spin n. 1 [U, C] turning or spinning movement 旋转: [attrib 作定语] spin bowling 投旋球 * The bowler gave (a) spin to the ball, eg in cricket, baseball, etc. 投球手发了一个旋球（如在板球、棒球 等运动中）. * He gambled his money on one spin of the wheel, eg at a game of roulette. 他把钱压在 （轮盘赌等的）一局上. 2 [C usu sing 通常作单数] fast spinning movement of an aircraft during a diving descent （飞行器的）旋冲: go/get into a spin 进入旋冲状态* come/get out of a spin 脱离 旋冲状态. 3 [C] (infml 口) short ride for pleasure (in a car, on a bicycle, etc) （乘汽车、骑自行 车等）兜风: Let's go for a spin in my new car. 坐我的新汽车兜一圈吧. 4 (idm 习语) in a (flat) `spin in a state of panic or confusion 惊慌失措; 晕头转向: I've been in a real spin all morning. 我整 个上午都晕头转向的. spinner 1 person who makes thread, etc by spinning 纺纱者; 纺纱工: spinners and weavers 纺纱工和织布 工. 2 (a) = spin bowler. (b) cricket ball bowled with a spinning movement （板球的）旋球. spinning n. [U] art, occupation or pastime of spinning wool, etc into yarn 纺纱: Spinning is one of my hobbies. 我很喜爱纺纱. * [attrib 作定语] spinning wool/thread/yarn 纺出的毛线[ 线/ 纱]. ,spinning-`jenny n early type of machine for spinning more than one thread at a time 詹妮纺纱机 （初期的多轴纺纱机）. `spinning-wheel n simple household machine for spinning thread continuously on a spindle turned by a large wheel, usu worked by a foot pedal 纺车（通常为脚踏的）. spin bowler (also spinner) ( in cricket) bowler who gives the ball a spinning movement （板球中） 投出旋转球者. spin-dry v. (pt, pp -dried) [Tn] dry (washed clothes) by spinning them in a rotating drum to remove excess water 给（洗好的衣物）用旋转式脱水机脱水; 甩乾. spin-drier n. machine for doing this 旋转式脱水机; 甩乾机. spin-off n. benefit or product that is produced incidentally from a larger process, or while it is being developed 副产品; 派生物: This new material is a spin-off from the space industry. 这种新材料是 航天工业的副产品. spun glass glass made into threads by being spun while heated 玻璃纤维. spun silk cheap material made from short threads and waste pieces of silk, often mixed with cotton 绢丝纺绸. spun sugar sugar made into fluffy threads by being spun when in a thick liquid form 棉花糖. Cf 参看 candy-floss (candy). spina bifida / 9spaInE 5bIfIdE; 9spaInE `bIfIdE/ (medical 医) condition in which certain bones of the spine are not properly developed at birth and allow parts of the spinal cord to protrude (causing severe disability) 脊柱裂. spinach / 5spInIdV; ?@ -ItF; `spInItF/ n [U] type of common garden plant with wide dark-green leaves that are cooked and eaten as a vegetable 菠菜: [attrib 作定语] spinach soup 菠菜汤. spinal / 5spaInl; `spaInl/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] of or relating to the spine 脊柱的; 与脊柱相关 的: a spinal injury 脊柱受伤. spinal column backbone; spine 脊梁骨; 脊柱. spinal cord mass of nerve fibres enclosed in the spine 脊髓. spindle / 5spIndl; `spIndl/ n 1 thin rod on which thread is twisted or wound by hand in spinning 纺 锤; 锭子. 2 bar or pin which turns or on which sth (eg an axle or a shaft) turns 转杆; 轴; 心轴. spindly / 5spIndlI; `spIndlI/ adj (infml sometimes derog 口, 有时作贬义) very long or tall and thin 细长的; 又高又瘦的: a young foal with spindly legs 细长腿的小驹子* a few spindly plants 几棵 细长的花草. spine / spaIn; spaIn/ n 1 row of bones along the back of humans and some animals; backbone 脊柱; 脊椎: He sustained an injury to his spine when he fell off his horse. 他从马上摔下来, 伤了脊梁骨. =>illus at skeleton 见skeleton 插图. 2 any of the sharp needle-like parts on some plants (eg cactuses) Oxford Dictionary Translation memory software company ForeignDesk, Okapi Framework, OmegaT, Transolution, AidTransStudio, Cafetran, Déjà Vu (DVX), Heartsome Translation Suite, MemoQ, MetaTexis, Rainbow, SDLX, SDL, STAR Transit, Trados, SDL Trados, Wordfast, WordFisher, Similis, Open Language Tools http://www.transgood.com