TransGood-Translation memory software Trados, SDL, ForeignDesk, Wordfast, WordFisher, Déjà Vu (DVX), 译佳计算机辅助翻译软件, 雅信CAT TransGood, TransMemory, Translation Software Tools, Computer-assisted translation, computer-aided translation, CAT, machine-aided translation, Translation memory software, Terminology management software, Alignment software, Software localization tools, ?bersetzung Software, Logiciels de traduction, Software di traduzione, Traducción de Software, Mémoire de traduction, Tradu??o memória, Memoria de traducción, Memoria di traduzione, Перевод Software, ForeignDesk, Okapi Framework, OmegaT, Transolution, AidTransStudio, Cafetran, Déjà Vu (DVX), Heartsome Translation Suite, MemoQ, MetaTexis, Rainbow, SDLX, SDL, STAR Transit, Trados, SDL Trados, Wordfast, WordFisher, Similis, Open Language Tools, 翻訳ソフトウェア, 翻訳メモリ, 翻译软件 辅助翻译软件 计算机辅助翻译软件 人工智能翻译 翻译工具 专业翻译软件 翻译记忆软件 塔多思 Trados SDL WordFast 雅信CAT 翻译公司 牛津词典 Oxford Dictionary 镜; 墨镜: a pair of sun-glasses 一副墨镜. sun-god n. the sun worshipped as a god 太阳神. sun-hat n. hat made to shade the head and neck from sunlight 太阳帽; 遮阳帽. sun-lamp n. lamp producing ultra-violet light, with effects like those of sunlight, used eg for tanning the body 太阳灯（能产生紫外线的）. sunlight n. [U] light of the sun 日光; 太阳光. sunlit adj. [usu attrib 通常作定语] lighted by the sun 阳光照耀的; 被阳光照射的: a sunlit garden, scene, landscape 阳光灿烂的花园、景象、景色. sun lounge (Brit) (US `sun parlor, `sun porch) room, veranda, etc with glass sides, and situated so as to receive much sunlight 日光浴室、浴廊等 （用玻璃做围墙, 以吸收大量阳光）. sun-ray n. ray of ultra-violet light as used on the body for tanning or for medical reasons （日光浴或 医疗所用的）紫外线: [attrib 作定语] a sun-ray lamp 紫外线灯* sun-ray treatment 紫外线疗法. sunrise n. [U] (time of the) rising of the sun; dawn 日出（时分）; 黎明: She got up at sunrise. 她 黎明即起. `sunrise industry new and expanding industry 新兴工业; 发展中的工业. sun-roof n. (also ,sunshine `roof) panel on the roof of a car that can be opened to let in air and sunshine （汽车的）天窗. sunset n. 1 [U] (time of the) setting of the sun 日落（时分）; 傍晚: finish work at sunset 傍晚时 做完工作. 2 [C] appearance of the sky at sunset 落日余辉; 晚霞: the beautiful sunsets in the desert 沙漠里落日的美景. sunshade n. 1 umbrella for protecting sb from hot sunshine 阳伞. Cf 参看 parasol. 2 sun-blind 遮阳篷. sunshine n. [U] 1 light and heat of the sun 太阳的光和热; 阳光: sitting out in the bright/warm sunshine 坐在室外灿烂[温暖]的阳光下. 2 (fig infml 比喻, 口) cheerfulness 快活; 愉快: the loss of her closest friend which took the sunshine out of her life 她那最亲密友伴的丧生, 使她在生活中 失去欢愉. 3 (Brit infml 口) (used for addressing sb, usu in a cheerful and friendlyway 用作称呼语, 通常表示快活和友好): Hello, sunshine! 喂, 你好! 4 (idm 习语) a ray of sunshine => ray. ,sunshine `roof = sun-roof. sunspot n. 1 (astronomy 天) any of the dark patches that sometimes appear on the sun's surface, causing electrical disturbances and interfering with radio communications （太阳）黑子; 日斑. 2 (infml 口) place that has a sunny climate (eg for holidays) 多阳光的地方（如度假胜地）. sunstroke n. [U] illness caused by being exposed to the heat and light of the sun too much 日射病; 中暑. sun-tan n. browning of the skin from exposing it to the sun （皮肤的）晒黑: get a good sun-tan 皮 肤晒成健美的古铜色 * [attrib 作定语] sun-tan oil, lotion, cream, etc 防晒油、液、霜等. Cf 参 看 sunburn. sun-tanned adj: her sun-tanned legs 她那晒得黑黑的腿. sun-trap n. warm sunny place that is sheltered from the wind 向阳避风处. sun-up n. [U] (US infml 口) sunrise 日出（时分）; 黎明. sun-worship n. [U] 1 worship of the sun as a god 太阳崇拜（视太阳为神）. 2 (infml 口) extreme fondness for sun-bathing 极爱日光浴. sun-worshipper n. Sun abbr. 缩写= Sunday: Sun 1 June 6 月1 日, 星期日. sundae / 5sQndeI; ?@ -di:; `sQndI/ n dish of ice-cream with crushed fruit, fruit-juice, nuts, etc 三德冰 激凌（加有压碎的水果、果汁、果仁等的）: a peach sundae 一份桃的三德冰激凌. Sunday / 5sQndI; `sQndI/ n (abbr 缩写Sun) 1 [C, U] the first day of the week (coming before Monday), a day of rest and worship for Christians 星期日; 星期天; （基督教徒的）礼拜日. 2 [C usu pl 通常作复数] newspaper published on a Sunday 每逢星期日出版的报纸; 星期日刊. 3 (idm 习语) for/in a month of Sundays => month. one's Sunday `best (infml joc 口, 谑) one's best clothes （自己的衣服中）最好的衣服: Go to the party in your Sunday best. 穿上你最好的衣服去 参加聚会. Sunday school class held on Sundays at which children receive religious teaching 主日学校（于星期日授课, 对儿 童进行宗教知识教育）. For the uses of Sunday see the examples at Monday. 关于 Sunday 的用法 见 Monday 词条中的示例. sunder / 5sQndE(r); `sQndL/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth/sb (from sth/sb) (fml or rhet 文或修辞) separate sth/sb, esp by force or for ever 将某事物[某人]分开（尤指强制性地或永久性地）. sundry / 5sQndrI; `sQndrI/ adj [attrib 作定语] 1 various 不同的; 各种的: on sundry occasions 在 各种场合* rice, flour and sundry other items of food 米、面粉及其他各种食物. 2 (idm 习 语) ,all and `sundry (infml 口) everyone, without discrimination 每个人（一视同仁）: She invited all and sundry to her party. 她邀请所有的人都来参加聚会. sundries n. [pl] various (esp small) items not separately named 杂物; 杂项: My expenses claim includes 15 for sundries. 我的报销申请中包括 15 英镑杂项支出. sung pp of sing. sunk pt, pp of sink1. sunken / 5sQNkEn; `sQNkEn/ adj 1 [attrib 作定语] that has gone to the bottom of the sea 沉没海 底的: a sunken ship 沉船 * sunken treasure 沉入海底的金银财宝. 2 (of cheeks, etc) hollow as a result of hunger, illness, etc （指面颊等）（因饥饿、疾病等）凹陷的: the sunken eyes of the dying man 那垂死男子的凹陷的眼睛. 3 [attrib 作定语] at a lower level than the surrounding area 比周 围低的: a sunken terrace at the bottom of the garden 在园子尽头低洼处的梯田. sup / sQp; sQp/ v (-pp-) 1 [Tn, Tn.p] ~ sth (up) (Brit dialect 方) drink sth in small amounts 一点点 地喝某物: They sat supping their beer. 他们坐著一小口一小口地喝著啤酒. * Come on, sup up your tea. 来, 把茶喝了吧. 2 [I, Ipr] ~ (on/off sth) (arch 古) eat supper 吃晚饭: We supped on cold roast beef. 我们晚饭吃的是凉的烤牛肉. sup n. (Brit dialect 方) small amount of liquid drunk （喝下的）少量饮料: a sup of ale 少量麦芽 啤酒. sup abbr. 缩写= above; earlier on (in a book, etc) (Latin supra) 在上, 在上文中（源自拉丁文 supra）. Cf 参看 inf. super / 5su:pE(r); also, in British use, 英式英语读作5sju:-; `supL/ adj (infml 口) excellent; splendid 极好的; 了不起的; 棒的: a super meal, book, dress 极好的饭菜、书、连衣裙 * You'll like her, she's super. 你一定喜欢她, 她好极了. super / 5su:pE(r); also, in British use, 英式英语读作5sju:-; `supL/ (Brit infml 口) superintendent, esp in the police force 主管人; 负责人; （尤指）警务长: the chief super 警务总长. super-pref. 前缀1 (a) (with ns and vs 与名词和动词结合) above; over 在...之上; 超过: superstructure * superimpose. (b) (with adjs and advs 与形容词和副词结合) superior to; more than 优于; 超: superhuman * supernaturally. 2 (esp with adjs 尤与形容词结合) extremely; very 极端; 非常: super-intelligent * super-chic. 3 (esp with ns 尤与名词结合) larger, more efficient, etc than the standard sort 特大的; 特别有效的; 超级的: superglue * super-lubricant. Cf 参看 over-. super-duper, superduper / 9su:pE5du:pE(r); `supL`dupL/ adj (infml 口) excellent; splendid 极好的; 了不起的; 棒的: I've got a super-duper new radio. 我有一台特别好的新收音机. super-ego, superego / 5su:pEregEU; also, in British use, 英式英语读作 5sju:-; ?@ -i:gEU; 9supL`i-o/ n (psychology 心) part of a person's mind which contains a set of rules for right and wrong behaviour, acting as a conscience 超我. Cf 参看ego 1, id. superabundant / 9su:pErE5bQndEnt; also, in British use, 英式英语读作 9sju:-; 9supErE`bQndEnt/ (fml 文) very abundant; more than enough 极多的; 过剩的: a superabundant harvest 特大丰收. superabundance / -Ens; -Ens/ n [U, sing] ~ (of sth) (fml 文) amount that is more than enough 过多; 过剩: food in superabundance 过剩的食物* a superabundance of fuel 燃料的过剩. superannuate / 9su:pE5rAnjUeIt; also, in British use, 英式英语读作9sju:-; 9supL`AnjJ9et/ v [Tn] send (an employee) into retirement with a pension 使（雇员）退休（有养老金）. superannuated adj. [usu attrib 通常作定语] (infml esp joc 口, 尤作戏谑语) old and barely fit for work or use 年老不适于工作的; 陈旧不宜使用的: Are you still riding that superannuated old bike? 你还骑那辆老掉牙的自行车吗? superannuation / 9su:pE9rAnjU5eIFn; also, in British use, 英式英语读作 9sju:-; 9supL9AnjJ`eFEn/ n [U]1 superannuating 退休（有养老金）. 2 (money paid towards a) pension that one gets when one retires 退休金. superb / su:5p\:b; also, in British use, 英式英语读作sju:-; sJ`p[b/ adj excellent; splendid 卓越的; 杰出的; 极好的: a superb player, painting, view 极好的运动员、画、景色* The sports facilities are superb. 运动设施是第一流的. superbly adv. supercharge / 5su:pEtFB:dV; also, in British use, 英式英语读作 5sju:-; 9supL`tFBrdV/ v [Tn] increase the power of (an engine) by supplying air or fuel above the normal pressure 用增压法提高 （发动机）的功率: a supercharged racing-car (engine) 提高功率的赛车（发动机）. supercharger n. device that supercharges an engine 增压器. supercilious / 9su:pE5sIlIEs; also, in British use, 英式英语读作9sju:-; 9supL`sIlIEs/ adj (derog 贬) thinking or showing that one thinks one is better than other people; arrogant and disdainful 自高自大 的; 倨傲不逊的; 目空一切的: a supercilious person, smile, attitude 傲慢的人、微笑、态度 * The shop assistant was very supercilious towards me when I asked for some help. 我要买东西招呼售货 员时, 那个售货员对我不屑一顾. superciliously adv. superciliousness n. [U]. superconductivity / 9su:pE9kCndQk5tIvEtI; also, in British use, 英式英语读作 9sju:-; 9supL9kBndQk`tIvEtI/ n [U] (physics 物) property of certain metals, at temperatures near absolute zero, of having no electrical resistance, so that once a current is started it flows without a voltage to keep it going 超导电性. superconductor / 9su:pEkEn5dQktE(r); also, in British use, 英式英语读作 9sju:-; 9supLkEn`dQktL/ n metal that possesses superconductivity 超导体. superficial / 9su:pE5fIFl; also, in British use, 英式英语读作9sju:-; 9supL`fIFEl/ adj 1 of or on the surface only 表面的; 在表面上的: a superficial wound 表皮的损伤* Superficial scratches can be easily removed. 表层的划痕很容易除掉. 2 apparent when looked at quickly or carelessly, but perhaps not real 表面的（乍看起来的, 未必真实）: a superficial similarity 表面上的相似. 3 (a) not thorough or profound 肤浅的; 浅薄的: a superficial book, mind 立论肤浅的书、浅薄无知的头 脑 * have only a superficial knowledge of the subject 对这个问题仅略知皮毛. (b) (derog 贬) having no depth of character, feeling or commitment （性格、感情或承诺方面）缺乏深度的, 停 留在表面的: You're too superficial to appreciate great literature like this. 你没有钻劲, 无法欣赏这 类文学巨著. superficiality / 9su:pE9fIFI5AlEtI; also, in British use, 英式英语读作9sju:-; 9supL9fIFI`AlEtI/ n [U]. superficially / -FElI; -FElI/ adv: only superficially alike 仅仅表面上相似. superfine / 5su:pEfaIn; also, in British use, 英式英语读作 5sju:-; 9supL`faIn/ adj extremely or unusually fine in size, texture or quality （规格、质地或质量上）特级的, 最高档的, 精致的, 精 制的: superfine flour, grains 精制的面粉、谷物* a superfine needle 小号缝纫针* superfine silk 高档丝绸. superfluous / su:5p\:flUEs; also, in British use, 英式英语读作sju:-; sJ`p[flJEs/ adj more than is needed or wanted 过多的; 过剩的; 多余的; 不必要的: Repack all the superfluous cups in the box. 把多余的杯子都重新装入箱中. * The crowd was so well-behaved that the police presence was superfluous. 群众秩序良好, 警方在场并无必要. * That remark was superfluous, ie It should not have been made, eg because it contributed nothing or was offensive. 那样的话多余说. * They were only interested in each other, so I felt rather superfluous, ie felt that I shouldn't be there. 他们只是意 在对方, 所以我自觉多余在场. superfluity / 9su:pE5flUEtI; also, in British use, 英式英语读作9sju:-; 9supL`fluEtI/ n [U, sing] ~ (of sth) (fml 文) superfluous amount 多余的量; 过剩的量: have food in superfluity/a superfluity of food 有过剩的食物. superfluously adv. superhuman / 9su:pE5hju:mEn; also, in British use, 英式英语读作9sju:-; 9supL`hjumEn/ adj exceeding normal human power, size, knowledge, etc （力量、身材、知识等）超乎常人的: It required superhuman effort to lift the huge boulder. 要搬起这块大石头需要有超人的力量. * Her intelligence seems almost superhuman. 她很聪明, 可谓才智超人. superimpose / 9su:pErIm5pEUz; also, in British use, 英式英语读作9sju:-; 9supErIm`poz/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (on sth) put sth on top of sth else, esp so that what is underneath can still be seen, heard, etc 将某物置于另一物上（尤指后者仍可见、可闻等）: a map of Great Britain superimposed on a map of Texas, eg to show comparative size 放在得克萨斯地图上的英国地图（如用以比较大小） * superimpose an English commentary on the original soundtrack 把英语解说加录到原声带上. superimposition / 9su:pE9rImpE5zIFn; also, in British use, 英式英语读作 9sju:-; 9supL9ImpE`zIFEn/ n [U]. superintend / 9su:pErIn5tend; also, in British use, 英式英语读作9sju:-; 9supErIn`tZnd/ v [Tn] (fml 文) manage and control (workers, their work, etc); supervise 管理,监督（工作人员、工作等）; 主 管: appointed to superintend(the staff in) the toy department 获任玩具部（全体员工）的负责人. superintendence / -Ens; -Ens/ n [U] (fml 文) superintending 管理; 监督; 主管: work done under the personal superintendence of the manager 在经理亲自监管下做的工作. superintendent / -Ent; -Ent/ n 1 person who superintends 监管人; 主管人; 负责人: the park superintendent 公园管理员. 2 (in Britain) police officer next in rank above chief inspector （英国 的）警务长. superior / su:5pIErIE(r); also, in British use, 英式英语读作sju:-; sJ`pIrIL/ adj 1 (a) better than average 优于一般水平的; 优良的; 优秀的; 优等的: a superior cloth, team, standard 上等布、强 队、高水平* a girl of superior intelligence 智力出众的女孩子* This candidate is clearly superior. 这个候选人显然比别的候选人强. (b) ~ (to sb/sth) better, stronger, etc than sb/sth else （比某人[某 事物]）好的、强的等: Which of the two methods is superior? 这两种方法哪一种好? * The match will show who is the superior player. 这场比赛就能看出谁行谁不行. * This cloth is superior to that. 这种布比那种好. * The enemy forces were superior in numbers. 敌军在数量上占优势. * Which side has the superior weapons? 哪一方在武器上占优势? 2 ~ (to sb) higher in rank or position 级 别或地位较高的: a superior court 上级法院* A soldier must obey his superior officers. 军人应服 从上级军官. * She works well with those superior to her in the firm. 她与公司中的那些上级主管合 作愉快. 3 (derog 贬) showing that one thinks one is better than others 有优越感的: a superior smile, look, air, etc 带优越感的微笑、样子、神态等* Don't be so superior! 别自以为了不起! [usu attrib 通常作定语] (fml 文) placed higher up; upper 位于较高处的; 上层的: a superior stratum of rock 上部岩石层. Cf 参看 inferior. superior n. 1 person of higher rank, position, etc 级别、地位...高的人; 上级; 长官: obey one's superiors 服从上级. 2 person or thing that is better 较好的人或事物; 优胜者: She is my superior in knowledge, ie knows more than I do. 她比我有知识. * He has no superior as a Shakespearian actor. 他演莎士比亚戏剧无出其右. 3 (in titles) head of a religious community （用作称谓）宗教团体的 领导: the Father Superior, eg an abbot 男修道院院长. superiority / su:9pIErI5CrEtI; ?@ -5R:r-; also, in British use, 英式英语读作sju:-; sJ9pIrI`RrEtI/ n [U] ~ (in sth); ~ (to/over sth/sb) state of being superior 优秀; 优良; 优越; 优胜: the superiority of one thing to another 一事物之优于另一事物* her superiority in talent 她才能之出众* They won the battle because of their massive superiority in numbers. 他们人数远占优势而战斗获胜. superiority complex ( a) (psychology 心) state of mind that makes a person act as if he were better or more important than others although he actually feels that they are better, etc than him 优越情结 （在自觉不如他人时, 反而故意表现出的优越感）. (b) (infml 口) too great a belief that one is better or more important than others 过强的优越感. Cf 参看inferiority complex (inferior). superlative / su:5p\:lEtIv; also, in British use, 英式英语读作sju:-; sJ`p[lEtIv/ adj 1 of the highest degree or quality 最高级的; 最好的: a superlative achievement, performance, meal 最佳成就、表 演、饭菜* This wine is quite superlative. 这种酒相当好. 2 (grammar) of adjectives or adverbs expressing the highest or a very high degree, eg best, worst, slowest, most difficult （指形容词或副 词）最高级的（如best、 worst 、 slowest、 most difficult）. Cf 参看 comparative 3. superlative n. superlative form of an adjective or adverb （形容词或副词的）最高级: a book review full of superlatives, ie expressions praising it highly 充满盛赞言辞的书评. superlatively adv: She plays the mandolin superlativelywell. 她演奏曼陀林非常出色. superman / 5su:pEmAn; also, in British use, 英式英语读作5sju:-; `supL9mAn/ n (pl -men / -men; -mZn/) manwith greater strength, ability, intelligence, etc than normalhumans; superhuman man （力 量、能力、才智等）超常的人; 超人: He's a kind of intellectual superman. 他是智力超常的人. supermarket / 5su:pEmB:kIt; also, in British use, 英式英语读作5sju:-; `supL9mBrkIt/ n large shop selling food, household goods, etc which one takes from the shelves oneself and pays for at the exit 超级市场（开架出售食品、日用品等的商场）. supernatural / 9su:pE5nAtFrEl; also, in British use, 英式英语读作9sju:-; 9supL`nAtFrEl/ adj that cannot be explained by natural or physical laws; of the world of spirits, magic, etc 超自然的（自然或 物理规律无法解释的）; 神灵、幻术等的: supernatural beings, eg angels and devils 超自然体（如 天使和魔鬼）* witch-doctors believed to have supernatural powers 据信有超自然力量的巫医. the supernatural n. [sing] supernatural beings, events, etc 超自然体; 超自然的事物: an interest in the supernatural 对超自然事物的兴趣. supernaturally / -5ntFrElI; -`nAtFrElI/ adv. supernova / 9su:pE5nEUvE; also, in British use, 英式英语读作9sju:-; 9supL`novE/ n (pl -vae / -vi:; -vi/ or ~s) (astronomy 天) star that suddenly becomes very much brighter as a result of an explosion 超新星（因爆炸而突然亮度大增的）. Cf 参看 nova. supernumerary / 9su:pE5nju:mErErI; ?@ -5nu:mErerI; also, in British use, 英式英语读作 9sju:-; 9supL`numE9rZrI/ adj (fml 文) in excess of the normal number; extra 超过正常数目的; 额外的; 多余的: a supernumerary (ie sixth) finger 多出的手指（六指儿的）. supernumerary n. (fml 文) supernumerary person or thing 额外的或多余的人或事物. superphosphate / 9su:pE5fCsfeIt; also, in British use, 英式英语读作9sju:-; 9supL`fBsfet/ n fertilizer containing soluble phosphates 过磷酸盐（用作化肥）. superpower / 5su:pEpaUE(r); also, in British use, 英式英语读作5sju:-; 9supL`paJL/ n any of the most powerful nations in the world, esp the USA or former USSR 超级大国: [attrib 作定语] a superpower summit 超级大国最高级会议. superscript / 5su:pEskrIpt; also, in British use, 英式英语读作5sju:-; `supL9skrIpt/ adj [attrib 作定 语] written or printed just above a word, figure or symbol 上角标的（写或印在字、数字或符号上 面的）; 标在上方的: Different words with the same spelling are distinguished in this dictionary by superscript numbers. 本词典在同形异义词的右上角标注数字以资区别. supersede / 9su:pE5si:d; also, in British use, 英式英语读作9sju:-; 9supL`sid/ v [Tn] take the place of (sth/sb that was present or used before); be introduced so as to be used instead of (sth/sb) 代替, 取 代, 接替（某事物[某人]）: Motorways have largely superseded ordinary roads for long-distance travel. 高速公路多已取代了普通公路. * Will factory workers be entirely superseded by machines one day? 工人将来能完全由机器取代吗? supersonic / 9su:pE5sCnIk; also, in British use, 英式英语读作9sju:-; 9supL`sBnIk/ adj (that can travel) faster than the speed of sound 超音速的; 超声速的: a supersonic aircraft 超音速飞机 * supersonic speeds 超过声速的速度. Cf 参看 subsonic. superstar / 5su:pEstB:(r); also, in British use, 英式英语读作5sju:-; 9supL9stBr/ n (infml 口) very famous and admired entertainer （娱乐界的）超级明星, 巨星: Hollywood superstars 好莱坞超级明 星 * [attrib 作定语] superstar footballers 超级足球明星. superstition / 9su:pE5stIFn; also, in British use, 英式英语读作9sju:-; 9supL`stIFEn/ n [C, U] 1 (idea, practice, etc based on the) belief that certain events cannot be explained by human reason or physical laws; irrational fear of what is unknown or mysterious 迷信; 迷信的思想、行为等; （对 未知的或神秘的事物的）盲目恐惧: Ignorance and superstition prevent them from benefiting from modern medicine. 由于无知和迷信, 他们无法得到现代医学的好处. 2 idea or belief held by many people for no good or logical reason 很多人持有的并无充分根据的说法: It's just (a) superstition that you shouldn't walk under ladders. 不应该在梯子下面穿过, 人们都是这麽说说罢 了. superstitious / -5stIFEs; -`stIFEs/ adj 1 of, based on or caused by superstition 迷信的; 根据迷信 的; 由迷信引起的; 无充分根据的说法的: superstitious beliefs, ideas, practices 迷信的说法、想 法、做法. 2 believing in superstitions 受迷信思想支配的: I always put my left shoe on first; I'm superstitious (about it). 我穿鞋总是先左后右, 我是很迷信（这件事）的. superstitiously adv. superstore / 5su:pEstR:(r); also, in British use, 英式英语读作5sju:-; `supL9stRr/ n very large shop in which groceries and/or larger types of goods (eg furniture) are sold as in a supermarket 超级商场 （出售食品杂货和[或]大件商品（如家具）者）: a DIY superstore 出售成套零件供顾客自行装配 的超级商场. superstructure / 5su:pEstrQktFE(r); also, in British use, 英式英语读作5sju:-; `supL9strQktFL/ n 1 (a) structure built on top of sth else, eg the part of a building above the ground 上部结构, 上层建筑 物（如建筑物的地面部分）. Cf 参看substructure. (b) parts of a ship above the main deck 舰船主 甲板上面的部分. 2 (esp in Marxist theory) institutions and culture that result from the economic system on which a society is based （尤指马克思理论中的）上层建筑. supertanker / 5su:pEtANkE(r); also, in British use, 英式英语读作5sju:-; `supL9tANkL/ n very large tanker ship 超级油轮. supertax / 5su:pEtAks; also, in British use, 英式英语读作5sju:-; `supL9tAks/ n [U] additional tax on income, paid by those who earn a very large amount of money （对高收入者徵收的）附加所得税. supervene / 9su:pE5vi:n; also, in British use, 英式英语读作9sju:-; 9supL`vin/ v [I] (fml 文) occur as an interruption or change 发生（因而干扰或变化）: She was working well until illness supervened. 她本来工作得很顺利, 但生病后情况就不同了. supervention / -5venFn;-`vZnFEn/ n [U]. supervise / 5su:pEvaIz; also, in British use, 英式英语读作5sju:-; 9supL`vaIz/ v [I, Tn, Tng] watch or otherwise keep a check on (sb doing sth or sth being done) to make sure it is done properly 监督 （某人做某事）; 察看并指导（工作）: The chief clerk supervises the work of the department. 文书 组长负责监督该部门的工作. * I supervised the workers loading the lorry. 我监督工人把货物装上 卡车. supervision / 9su:pE5vIVn; also, in British use, 英式英语读作9sju:-; 9supL`vIVEn/ n [U] supervising or being supervised 监督; 管理; 指导: Children should not be left to play without supervision. 孩子玩儿的时候不能无人照看. * This drug should only be taken under the supervision of (ie as supervised by) a doctor. 此药须遵医嘱服用. supervisor n. person who supervises 监督人; 监察员; 管理人; 指导者: university students showing essays to their supervisor 把文章交给指导教师审阅的大学生. supervisory / 5su:pEvaIzErI; also, in British use, 英式英语读作 5sju:-; ?@ 9su:pE5vaIzErI; 9supL`vaIzErI/ adj supervising 监督的; 管理的; 指导的: supervisory duties 监督的职责 * a supervisory committee 监察委员会. supine / 5su:paIn; also, in British use, 英式英语读作5sju:-; su`paIn/ adj (fml 文) 1 lying flat on the back,face upwards 仰卧的: a supine figure on the bed 仰卧在床上的人（绘画等中的）. Cf 参看 prone 1, prostrate 1. 2 (fig derog 比喻, 贬) showing a weak or lazy unwillingness to act 消极的; 懒散的; 没精打采的: accept unfair treatment in supine submission 以消极的态度接受不公平的待 遇. supinely adv. supper / 5sQpE(r); `sQpL/ n [C, U] last meal of the day, usu less large and less formal than dinner 晚 饭; 晚餐: have cold meat for supper 晚饭吃凉肉* have a late supper 很晚才吃晚饭* eat very little supper 晚饭吃得很少. =>Usage at dinner 用法见 dinner. supper-time n. [U] time at which supper is (usu) eaten 晚饭时间. supplant / sE5plB:nt; sE`plAnt/ v [Tn] (fml 文) take the place of (sb/sth); replace 取代（某人[某事 物]）; 代替: Oil has supplanted coffee as our main export. 我们的主要出口货已由原来的咖啡改为 石油了. * The party leader has been supplanted by his rival. 那位党的领导人已被其对手取而代之. * She has been supplanted by another in his affections, ie He now loves sb else. 他爱上了另一个女 人, 不再爱她了. supple / 5sQpl; `sQpl/ adj (-r, -st) bent or bending easily; not stiff; flexible 易弯曲的; 柔软的; 灵活 的: the supple limbs of a child 儿童的柔软四肢* Exercise keeps you supple. 经常锻炼可使身体灵 活. * She has a supple mind, ie is quick to respond to ideas. 她头脑灵活. supplely (also supply) / 5sQplI; `sQplI/ adv. suppleness n. [U]. supplement / 5sQplImEnt; `sQplEmEnt/ n 1 ~ (to sth) thing added to sth else to improve or complete it 增补的事物; 补充: The money I get from teaching the piano is a useful supplement to my ordinary income. 我教钢琴挣的钱是一笔很管用的外快. 2 (a) ~ (to sth) book, section of a book, etc that gives further information, treats a special subject, etc （书等的）补编, 补遗, 附录: the supplement to the Oxford English Dictionary 《牛津英语大辞典》补编. (b) additional section added to a newspaper （报纸的）增刊: the colour supplements of the Sunday newspapers 星期日报纸的彩色增刊. extra amount of money paid for an additional service, item, etc （为增加的服务、项目等支付的） 额外费用, 附加费: a 10 supplement for a single room with a shower 带淋浴间的单人房间需付10 英镑附加费. supplement / 5sQplIment; `sQplE9mZnt/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (with sth) add to or complete sth with sth else 增加或补充某事物: I supplement my grant by working in the evenings. 我除享受助学金外 还打夜工以增加收入. * She supplements her diet with vitamin tablets. 她服用维生素片剂以补充规 定食谱中的营养. supplementary / 9sQplI5mentrI; ?@ -terI; 9sQplE`mZntErI/~ (to sth) 1 additional; extra 增补的; 补 充的; 附加的: a supplementary payment, lecture, item 额外的付款、讲座、项目. 2 (mathematics 数) (of an angle) making a total of 180 with another angle （指角）补角的. supplementary benefit ( in Britain) money paid regularly by the State to poor people （在英国）（政 府定期发给穷人的）补助金: a family (living) on supplementary benefit 依靠补助金（生活）的家 庭. Cf 参看 welfare 3. suppliant / 5sQplIEnt; `sQplIEnt/ n, adj (fml 文) (person) asking humbly for sth 恳求的（人）: kneel as a suppliant at the altar, ie praying to God for sth 跪在祭坛前祈求（向上帝祈祷）* in a suppliant attitude 以恳切的态度. supplicate / 5sQplIkeIt; `sQplI9ket/ v [Ipr, Tn, Cn.t] ~ (for) sth (fml 文) ask (sb) humbly or pleadingly for sth 恳求, 哀求, 祈求, 央求（某人）: supplicate for pardon 恳求原谅 * supplicate sb's forgiveness, ie ask sb to forgive one 乞求某人宽恕* supplicate sb to help 向某人求助. supplicant / 5sQplIkEnt; `sQplIkEnt/ n (fml 文) person who supplicates; suppliant 恳求的人. supplication / 9sQplI5keIFn; 9sQplI`keFEn/ n [C, U] (fml 文) (act of) supplicating 恳求; 哀求; 祈 求; 央求; 祈祷: He was deaf to my supplications. 我恳求他, 他连理都不理. * kneel in supplication 跪著祈祷. supply / sE5plaI; sE`plaI/ v (pt, pp supplied) 1 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (to sb); ~ sb (with sth) give sb sth that is needed or useful; provide sb with sth 供给或供应某人所需或可用的物品; 向某人提供某物: a company supplying heating oil (to homes) （向住户）供应燃油的公司* supply consumers with gas, electricity, etc 向消费者提供煤气、电力等* He kept me well supplied with cups of coffee while I wrote the report. 我写报告时, 他一直不停地给我一杯杯续咖啡. 2 [Tn] provide enough (of sth) for (a need); fulfil 提供足够的（某物）以满足（需要）: Will the new power-station be able to supply our cheap energy requirements? 新建的发电厂能够满足我们对廉价能源的需求吗? supply n. 1 [U] supplying or being supplied 供给; 供应; 补给: a contract for the supply of office stationery 供应办公文具的合同* You promised us fuel, but can you guarantee its supply? 你答应 给我们提供燃料, 但能保证供应吗? * a reliable source of supply 可靠的来源 * [attrib 作定语] a supply train 运送补给品的列车. 2 [C often pl 常作复数] thing that is supplied; stock or store of things provided or available 供给之物; 供应品; 补给品; 贮备; 存货; 现货: the water-supply 供 水* a supply of reading-matter for the journey 为旅途提供的读物* arms, food, fuel supplies 武 器、食物、燃料贮备* Have we got enough supplies of coal? 我们贮存的煤够用吗? * Helicopters dropped supplies (ie of food, etc) for the stranded villagers. 直升飞机给受困的村民空投了物资. (idm 习语) in short supply => short1. sup,ply and de`mand (esp economics 尤用于经济) the amount of goods, etc available and the amount wanted by consumers, the relationship between which is regarded as controlling prices 供求关系. supplier / sE5plaIE(r); sE`plaIL/ n person or firm supplying goods, etc 供应者（人或公司）. supply teacher teacher employed to do the work of any other teacher who is absent through illness, etc 代课教师. support / sE5pR:t; sE`pRrt/ v 1 [Tn] bear the weight of (sth/sb); hold in position; carry 承受（某物 [某人]）的重量; 支撑; 扶持: a beam supporting a roof 支承屋顶的横梁* Is this bridge strong enough to support heavy lorries? 这座桥禁得住重型卡车通行吗? * He was weak with hunger, so I had to support him. 他饿得没有力气, 我得搀著他. 2 (a) [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth (in sth) help sb/sth by one's approval or sympathy or by giving money （用表示赞同或同情或给钱）帮助某人[某事物]; 支 持; 支援; 资助: support a cause, political party, reform 支持某事业、政党、改革* donate money to support a charity 捐款赞助慈善事业* The directors were trying to get rid of her, but her staff all supported her. 董事都想把她撤掉, 可是她那部门的人员全都支持她. * The American public stopped supporting the war in Vietnam. 美国公众不再支持美国在越南进行的战争了. * Will you support me in my campaign for election? 你支持我参加竞选吗? (b) [Tn] be a regular customer of or visitor to (sth); be a fan of (a team, etc) 经常光顾（某处）; 为（某队等）捧场: Support your local theatre: buy tickets regularly! 请大力支持本地剧院, 欢迎经常光临! * Which football team do you support? 你是哪个足球队的球迷? 3 [Tn] help to show that (a theory, claim, etc) is true; confirm 支持（某理论、主张等）; 证实; 肯定: a theory that is not supported by the facts 缺乏事实根据的 理论* This evidence supports my argument that she is guilty. 这一证据支持了我认为她有罪的推 定. 4 [Tn] provide (sb) with the necessary money, etc to buy food, accommodation,etc 资助, 供养, 赡养（某人）: I was supported by my parents when I was studying. 我求学期间由父母供养. 5 [Tn] provide enough food and water to keep (sb/sth) alive （提供食物和水）维持（某人[某物]）的生命: Such a barren desert can support very few creatures. 在这样荒瘠的沙漠里, 很少生物能够存活. support n. 1 [U] ~ (for sth) 　?bsupporting or being supported 支撑; 扶持; 支持; 支援; 资助; 供养; 维持: adequate support for the great weight of the crane 对起重机巨大重量的足够的支承力 * a proposal that received no, little, not much, etc support 没有人、很少有人、没有多少人...支持 的建议* I need some financial support for this venture. 我需要一些财务赞助来兴办这一企业. * Can I rely on your support (ie Will you vote for me) in this election? 在此次选举中你能支持我吗? * She is without any visible means of support, ie has no work, income, etc. 她生活无著（无工作、收 入等）. 2 [C] thing that supports or bears the weight of sth 支撑物; 支柱; 支座; 支架: wearing an athletic support 穿著下体护身* supports holding up a collapsing wall 支撑危墙的柱子. 3 [C] person who gives help, sympathy, etc 给予帮助、同情等的人: Jim was a great support to us when father died. 父亲死后, 吉姆给了我们巨大的帮助. 4 [U] people who support a political party, team, etc （政党、球队等的）支持者, 拥护者: The theatre has had to close for lack of support. 这 家剧院光顾者寡只好关闭. 5 (idm 习语) in sup`port (eg of troops) in reserve; ready to give support （如指军队等）后备的, 准备给予支援的: We have ten people to do the cooking, with several more in support. 我们有十个人做饭, 还有几个人可随时来帮忙. in support of sb/sth supporting sb/sth; in favour of sb/sth 支持或支援某人[某事物]: speak in support of a ban on arms supplies 讲话支持武 器禁运. supportable adj. (fml 文) 1 that can be supported 禁得住的; 可承受的; 供养得起的. 2 (used in negative sentences 用于否定句中) that can be tolerated 可忍受的: Such rudeness is scarcely supportable. 这种粗暴的行为让人难以容忍. supporter n. person who supports a political party, team, etc （政党?球队等的）支持者, 拥护者: The government's supporters welcomed the new law. 拥护政府的人都欢迎新颁布的法规. supporting adj. [attrib 作定语] (in the theatre and cinema) of secondary importance （戏剧和电影 中）次要的: a supporting actor/cast/part/role 配角演员* a supporting film, eg one that is shown before the main film 电影加片. supportive / sE5pR:tIv; sE`pRrtIv/ adj (approv 褒) giving help, encouragement or sympathy 给予 帮助、鼓励或同情的; 支持的; 支援的; 赞助的: She has been very supportive during my illness. 我患病期间她帮了我很大忙. suppose / sE5pEUz; sE`poz/ v 1 [Tf, Cn.a, Cn.t] accept as true or probable; believe; imagine; assume 认定; 认为; 以为; 猜想; 料想; 假定: What do you suppose he wanted? 你认为他想要什麽? * What makes you suppose (that) I'm against it? 你根据什麽认为我反对这件事? * I don't suppose for a minute that he'll agree, ie I'm sure that he won't. 我认为他决不同意. * She'll be there today, I suppose. 我想她今天能到那儿去. * `Will he come?' `Yes, I suppose so.' ｀他来吗?＇｀对, 我想他 能来.＇ * I suppose you want to borrow money from me again? ie showing annoyance 我猜你又要找 我借钱了吧? * I don't suppose you could help me (ie Please help me) with my homework. 请你帮助 我做家庭作业吧. * It was generally supposed that it would not happen again. 一般都认为此事不会 再发生. * (fml 文) Everyone supposes him (to be) poor, but he is really quite wealthy. 大家都以为 他穷, 实际上他很阔. * It was widely supposed to have been lost during the war. 普遍认为那东西在 战争期间丢失了. 2 [Tn, Tf, Cn.t] pretend that (sth) is true; take (sth) as a fact 假定或假设（某事 物）属实; 认定（某事物）: a theory which supposes the existence of other worlds besides our own 假 定除地球外还存在其他有生命的天体的理论* Suppose (that) the news is true: what then? 假定这 消息是真的, 那又怎样? * Suppose you had a million pounds how would you spend it? 假如你有 一百万镑--你怎麽花呢? 3 [Tf] (used in the imperative, to make a suggestion 用于祈使句, 用以提 出建议) consider as a proposal 作为建议来考虑: Suppose we go (ie Let's go) for a swim! 咱们去游 泳吧! 4 [Tn] (fml 文) require (sth) as a condition 须以（某事物）为条件: Creation supposes a creator. 有了创造者, 才能有创造. 5 (idm 习语) be supposed to do sth (a) be expected or required to do sth (by rules, custom, etc) 被期望或被要求（按规则、惯例等）做某事: Am I supposed to (ie Should I) clean all the rooms or just this one? 我是应该打扫所有的房间, 还是只这一间? * You're supposed to pay the bill by Friday. 你最晚在星期五结清这笔帐. * They were supposed to be here an hour ago. 他们应该在一小时以前到达这里. (b) (infml 口) (used in negative sentences 用于否定句 中) be allowed to do sth 获准做某事: You're not supposed to play football in the class-room. 在教室 里是不准踢足球的. supposed / sE5pEUzd; sE`pozd/ adj [attrib 作定语] wrongly believed or said to be the specified thing 误信的; 误传的; 信以为真的: His supposed generosity is merely a form of self-interest. 他貌 似慷慨, 不过是变相的利己而已. * The supposed beggar was really a police officer in disguise. 那 个众人眼中的乞丐, 其实是化了装的警察. supposedly / sE5pEUzIdlI; sE`pozIdlI/ adv according to what is supposed (but not known for certain) 根据推测; 据认为; 据称; 大概; 可能: This picture is supposedly worth more than a million pounds. 这幅画大概值一百万镑以上. supposing conj (also supposing that) if we assume the fact or the possibility that; if 假定; 假设; 假如: Supposing (that) it rains, can we play the match indoors? 要是下雨的话, 我们在室内比赛行吗? supposition / 9sQpE5zIFn; 9sQpE`zIFEn/ n 1 [U] supposing 假定; 猜想; 推测: a newspaper article based on supposition, ie only on what the writer supposes to be true, not on fact 根据臆想写出 的报刊文章* We must not condemn her on pure supposition. 我们不能单凭臆测而谴责她. 2 [C] ~ (that...) thing supposed; guess 假定的事物; 猜测: Our suppositions were fully confirmed. 我们 猜测的事已全部证实. * I am proceeding on the supposition that..., ie by assuming it to be true that... 我假定.... suppository / sE5pCzItrI; ?@ -tR:rI; sE`pBzE9tRrI/ n piece of a medicinal substance placed in the rectum or vagina to dissolve 栓剂（外用药, 置入直肠或阴道内使之融化）; 坐药. suppress / sE5pres; sE`prZs/ v [Tn] 1 put an end to (sth), esp by force; crush 制止（尤指凭藉武力）; 镇压; 平定: suppress an uprising, a revolt, etc 镇压起义、叛乱等. 2 (a) (usu derog 通常作贬义) prevent (sth) from being known or seen 防止（某事物）被人知道或看到; 查禁或禁止发表（某事 物）: suppress the truth about sth 隐瞒某事物的真相* suppress a newspaper, ie prevent it from being published 查禁一家报纸* Are the police suppressing some evidence? 警方是否隐瞒了一些 证据? * The dictator tried to suppress all criticism of him. 那独裁者竭力压制一切批评他的言论. (b) prevent (esp one's feelings) from being expressed 抑制, 压抑（尤指感情）: suppress one's anger, amusement, etc 抑制愤怒、欢娱等心情而不形于色* He could scarcely suppress a laugh. 他忍不 住要笑出声来. suppressible adj. that can be suppressed 可制止的; 可禁止的; 可抑制住的: anger that was barely suppressible 难以抑制的愤怒. suppression / sE5preFn; sE`prZFEn/ n [U] suppressing or being suppressed 制止; 镇压; 查禁; 抑 制: the suppression of a revolt, the facts 对叛乱的镇压、对事实的隐瞒* the suppression of one's anger, etc 抑制愤怒. suppressor n. 1 person or thing that suppresses 制止者; 镇压者; 查禁者; 起抑制作用的事物. 2 device fitted to an electrical apparatus to stop it causing interference on radio or television sets 干扰 抑制器（安装在用电器上, 可防止用电器对收音机或电视机产生干扰）. suppurate / 5sQpjUreIt; `sQpjE9ret/ v [I] (fml 文) (of a wound, etc) have a thick yellow liquid (pus) forming inside it because of infection （指伤口等）化脓: asuppurating sore 化脓的疮. suppuration / 9sQpjU5reIFn;9sQpjE`reFEn/ n [U]. supra- / 5su:prE; `suprE/ pref 前缀 above; beyond 在...之上; 超: supranational, ie going beyond national boundaries. supreme / su:5pri:m; also, in British use, 英式英语读作sju:-; su`prim/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] 1 highest in authority, rank or degree （权力、级别或地位）最高的; 至高无上的: the supreme ruler of a vast empire 一个庞大帝国的最高统治者 * (fig 比喻) After a year without defeat, the team now reigns supreme as the finest in the country. 该队一年来所向无敌, 现已称雄全国. 2 most important; greatest 最重要的; 最大的: make the supreme sacrifice, eg die for what one believes in 做出最大的牺牲（如为信仰而捐躯）* Winning an Olympic gold medal was, I suppose, the supreme moment of my life. 我认为我荣获奥运会金牌时是我一生中最重要的时刻. supremacy / su:5premEsI; also, in British use, 英式英语读作sju:-; su`prZmEsI/ n ~ (over sb/sth) [U] being supreme; position of the highest power, authority or status 至高无上; 最高权力; 最高权 威; 最高地位: achieve military supremacy over neighbouring countries 获得超越邻国的军事优势 * challenging Japan's supremacy in the field of electronics 争夺日本在电子学领域中占据的领先地 位* the dangerous notion of white supremacy, ie that white races are better than others and should control them 白人至高无上的危险观念（认为白色人种优于其他人种因而应成为主宰者）. supremacist / su:5premEsIst; also, in British use, 英式英语读作 sju:-; su`prZmEsIst/ n: white supremacists 白人至上主义者. supremely / su:5pri:mlI; also, in British use, 英式英语读作sju:-; su`primlI/ adv in a supreme way; extremely 至高无上地; 极度地: supremely happy 极其快乐. the ,Supreme `Being ( fml 文) God 上主; 上帝. the Supreme Court the highest court in a state of the US or in the whole of the US （美国各州或联邦）最高法院. the Supreme Soviet the law-making body of the former Soviet Union 最高苏维埃（前苏联的立法机构）. Supt abbr. 缩写= Superintendent (esp in the police force 尤用于警界): Supt (George) Hill （乔 治·）希尔警务长. surcharge / 5s\:tFB:dV; `s[9tFBrdV/ n 1 ~ (on sth) payment that is demanded in addition to the usual charge 增付的费用; 增收费; 附加费: a 10% surcharge on the price of a holiday 在度假费用之外 增收的10% 附加费. 2 mark printed over a postage stamp, changing its value （加盖在邮票上的） 改值印记. surcharge / s\:5tFB:dV; s[`tFBrdV/ v [Tn, Tn.pr, Dn.n] ~ sb (on sth) demand a surcharge from sb 向 某人索取额外费用: They've surcharged us 10% on the price of the holiday because of a rise in air fares. 因飞机票涨价, 他们在度假费用中向我们增收了10%附加费. surd / s\:d; s[d/ n (mathematics 数) mathematical quantity, esp a root, that cannot be expressed as an ordinary number or quantity 不尽根: The square root of 5 (5) is a surd. 5 的平方根（5）是不尽根. sure / FR:(r); ?@ FUEr; FJr/ adj (-r, -st) 1 [pred 作表语] ~ (of/about sth); ~ that...; ~ what, etc... not doubting or seeming to doubt what one believes, knows, etc; confident that one is right 无疑; 确实; 自信; 有把握: I think he's coming, but I'm not quite sure. 我想他会来的, 但是不太有把握. * I'm not sure when I saw her last. 我不能确定上一次看见她是什麽时候. * Are you sure of your facts? 你能肯定你的资料属实吗? * If you're not sure how to do it, ask me. 假若你拿不准怎样做, 就来问 我好了. * Can we be sure that she's honest? 我们能相信她是诚实的吗? * I think the answer's right but I'm not absolutely sure about it. 我认为这答案是正确的, 但是没有绝对的把握. * Jane is reliable, but I'm not so sure about Jim. 简是信得过的, 至于吉姆, 我就不敢说了. * She felt sure that she had done the right thing. 她确信自己做得对. 2 [pred 作表语] ~ of sth certain to receive, win, etc sth 一定会获得、赢得...某事物: You're sure of a warm welcome. 你一定会受到热烈欢迎 的. * Can I be sure of a profit if I invest? 我要是投资, 肯定能获利吗? * You're sure of passing the exam if you work hard. 只要用功, 就一定能考及格. 3 ~ to do sth definitely going to do sth; certain to do sth 肯定要做某事的; 一定做某事的: It's sure to rain. 肯定要下雨. * You're sure to fail if you do it that way. 你那样做一定失败. 4 undoubtedly true 无可置疑的; 千真万确的: in the sure and certain knowledge of her guilt 在确确实实知道她有罪的情况下* One thing is sure: we've won a great victory! 有一点是确切无疑的: 我们已取得了巨大的胜利! =>Usage at certain 用法见 certain. 5 (usu attrib 通常作定语) proven and reliable; trustworthy 经证明可靠的; 可信的: no sure remedy for a cold 没有包治感冒的灵丹妙药* There's only one sure way to do it. 做此事只有 一种万全之策. * She has always been a sure friend. 她一直就是靠得住的朋友. 6 not deviating or wavering; steady and confident 不偏离的; 不动摇的; 稳而有信心的: She drew the outline with a sure hand. 她笔力雄健地画出了轮廓. 7 (idm 习语) be sure to do sth; be sure and do sth don't fail to do sth 务必做某事: Be sure (to write) and tell me all your news. 务必（来信）把你的所有情况都 告诉我. for sure (infml 口) without doubt 无疑: I think he lives there but I couldn't say for sure. 我 想他是住在那里的, 但我不敢肯定. make sure (of sth/that...) (a) find out whether sth is definitely so 把某事物弄清楚; 核实或查明某事物: I think the door's locked, but I'd better go and make sure (it is). 我想门已经锁了, 但我最好还是去查看一下. (b) do sth to ensure that sth happens 设法确保出现某 事物: arrangements to make sure that the visit goes well 为使参观得以顺利进行而做的安排. sure of oneself (sometimes derog 有时作贬义) (too) confident of one's own abilities, etc; self-confident （过于）自信: You seem very sure of yourself, young man! 小伙子, 你未免太自信了吧! ,sure `thing (infml 口esp US) yes; of course 是的; 当然: `Do you want to come too?' `Sure thing!' ｀你也想来 吗?＇｀当然了!＇to be `sure (fml 文) I cannot deny (that); admittedly 无可否认; 诚然: He is clever, to be sure, but not very hard-working. 他聪明是聪明, 但是不怎麽勤奋. sure adv 1 (infml 口esp US) certainly 的确; 当然: It sure was cold! 确实很冷! 2 (idm 习语) (as) sure as eggs is `eggs, as `fate, as I'm standing `here, etc (infml 口) very certainly 的的确确; 千真万 确: He's dead, as sure as eggs is eggs. 他确实死了. ,sure e`nough (used to introduce a statement that confirms a previous prediction, etc 用以表示所说的与预料的相符): I said it would happen, and sure enough it did. 我说过要有这样的事, 果然如此. sureness n. [U] quality of being sure(4,6) 确切性; 真切; 沉稳: a picture that shows the artist's sureness of touch 显示出画家苍劲笔力的一幅画. sure-fire adj. [attrib 作定语] certain to happen, be successful, etc 一定会发生、成功等的: a ,sure-fire suc`cess 必定的胜利* This is a sure-fire way to get publicity. 这样做就一定能引人注 目. sure-footed adj. not likely to fall when walking or climbing 脚步稳的; 不会摔倒的. sure-footedly adv. sure-footedness n. [U]. surely / 5FR:lI; ?@ 5FUErlI; `FJrlI/ adv 1 without doubt; certainly 无疑; 当然: He will surely fail. 他必定失败. * This will surely cause problems. 这肯定会出问题的. 2 (used to show that the speaker is (almost) certain of what he is saying, or to express surprise at sth 用以表示说话者对所说 的内容（几乎）确信无疑, 或表示对某事物感到惊奇): This is surely her best play. 这无疑是她最 好的剧作. * Surely I've met you before somewhere. 我一定在什麽地方和你见过面. * Surely they won't refuse? 难道他们不拒绝吗? * Surely you're not going to eat that! 好家伙, 你不至于吃那种 东西吧! * He has refused to help? Surely not! 他已拒绝给予援助了吗? 决不可能! * `That's his wife.' `His sister, surely?' ｀那是他的妻子.＇｀是他妹妹吧?＇ 3 (infml 口esp US) of course; yes 当然; 可以: `Can I borrow your car?' `Surely.' ｀我用一下你的汽车可以吗?＇｀当然可以.＇ 4 (idm 习语) slowly but surely => slowly (slow1). surety / 5FR:rEtI; ?@ 5FUErtI; `FJrtI/ n [C, U] 1 (money, etc given as a) guarantee that sb will pay his debts, perform a duty, etc 担保; 保证; 保证金; 担保品: offer 100 as (a) surety 愿出100 英镑作 保证金. 2 person who makes himself responsible for the payment of debts, etc by sb else 担保人; 保证人: stand (ie act as a) surety for sb 做某人的担保人. surf / s\:f; s[f/ n [U] (white foam on) waves breaking on the seashore 拍打在海岸上四处飞溅的波浪; 拍岸之白色浪花: splashing about in the surf 在拍岸的浪花中戏水. surf v. [I] (usu 通常作go surfing) stand or lie on a surfboard and allow the surf to carry one towards the shore, as a sport 作冲浪运动; 冲浪. surfer n. surfboard n. long narrow board used for surfing 冲浪板. =>illus 见插图. surface / 5s\:fIs; `s[fIs/ n 1 [C] (a) outside of an object （物体的）表面: the surface of a sphere, a ball, the earth 球体、球、地球的表面 * [attrib 作定语] the surface area of the brain 大脑的表层. (b) any of the sides of an object （物体的）面: A cube has six surfaces. 立方体有六个面. (c) uppermost area or layer of sth 最上面的部分; 表层; 面层: the rough surface of the wall 那墙的粗糙表面 * an asphalt road surface 柏油路面* The insect's sting penetrates the surface of the skin. 昆虫的螫针 能够刺穿皮肤的表层. * wipe all the surfaces in the kitchen, ie the walls, the tops and sides of furniture, etc 把厨房的一切表面揩乾净（墙及家具等的各面） * [attrib 作定语] a surface layer 表 层* a surface wound, ie not a deep one 轻度创伤* a surface worker, ie a miner who works above ground 在井上工作的矿工* surface noise, ie unwanted noise caused by dust, static electricity, etc on a record when it is being played （放唱片时由尘埃、静电等引起的）（唱针）划纹噪声, （唱 片）纹噪声. 2 [C usu sing 通常作单数] top of a body of liquid, eg the sea 液面; 水面（如海面）: The submarine rose to the surface. 潜艇露出了水面. * the frozen surface of the lake 结冰的湖面 * [attrib 作定语] a surface vessel, ie an ordinary ship, not a submarine 水面舰船（一般舰船, 与潜艇 相对）. 3 [sing] (fig 比喻) qualities of sb or sth that are easily seen, contrasted with deeper or hidden ones （人或事物的）表象, 外表, 外观: Beneath her self-confident surface, she's quite unsure of herself. 她看上去信心十足, 实际上很缺乏信心. * You must not look only at the surface of things. 看事物不能只看到表面现象. * [attrib 作定语] surface politeness, ie concealing anger, etc 勉强装 出的礼貌（隐藏著愤怒等）* surface impressions, ie ones gained too quickly, without proper thought or observation 肤浅的印象. 4 (idm 习语) on the `surface when not observed, thought about, etc deeply or thoroughly; superficially 在表面上; 在外表上: The scheme seems on the surface to be quite practical. 这方案表面上看来似乎很实际. * On the surface, she's a charming, helpful person. 从表面上看, 她又很动人又肯助人. scratch the surface => scratch1. surface v. 1 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (with sth) put a surface(1c) on sth 在某物上加表层: surface a road (with tarmac) （用柏油碎石）铺路面* a wall surfaced with plaster 用灰泥饰面的墙. 2 [I] (of a submarine, skin-diver, etc) come up to the surface of a body of water （指潜艇、赤身潜水者等）浮 到水面. 3 [I] (infml 口) (a) appear again after a period of remaining unseen, hidden, away from others, etc （隐蔽、隐藏、离开他人等一段时间后）重新出现: After living abroad for years, she suddenly surfaced again in London. 她在国外居住多年之后, 突然在伦敦重新露面了. * Their old rivalry soon surfaced when they met again. 他们重逢时, 昔日之明争暗斗旋即死灰复燃. (b) wake from sleep or unconsciousness 睡醒; 恢复知觉: He finally surfaced at midday. 他终于在中午时醒 过来了. surface mail letters, etc carried by road, rail or sea, not by air 陆路邮件, 水路邮件（别于航空邮件）. surface tension property of liquids by which they form a film or layer at their surface and make its area as small as possible 表面张力. surface-to-air adj. [attrib 作定语] (of missiles, etc) fired from the ground or from ships, aimed at aircraft （指导弹等）地对空的, 舰对空的. surfeit / 5s\:fIt; `s[fIt/ n (usu sing 通常作单数) ~ (of sth) too much of sth, esp of food and drink 过量, 过度（尤指饮食）: A surfeit of rich food is bad for you. 多吃油腻食物对身体有害. * There has been a surfeit of plays about divorce on the television recently. 最近有关离婚的电视剧过多. surfeit v. [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb/oneself (with/on sth) (fml 文) provide sb/oneself with too much of sth, esp food 向某人[自己]过多地提供某物（尤指食物）: surfeit oneself with fruit 吃水果过多 * be surfeited with pleasure 作乐过度. surge / s\:dV; s[dV/ v 1 [I, Ipr, Ip] move forward in or like waves 在浪涛中或如同波浪般前进: the surging tide 汹涌的潮水* The floods surged along the valley. 洪水沿著山谷滚滚流动. * The crowd surged (past) into the stadium. 观众涌入了体育场. 2 [I, Ip] ~ (up) arise suddenly and intensely 急剧上升: Anger surged (up) within him. 他怒火中烧. surge n. (usu sing 通常作单数) ~ (of/in sth) 1 forward or upward movement 向前或向上的运动: the surge of the sea 大海的翻腾. 2 sudden occurrence or increase 突然发生; 激增: a surge of anger, pity, etc 一阵怒气、怜悯等* There's a surge in electricity demand at around 7 pm. 晚上 7 点钟左右是用电高峰时间. surgeon / 5s\:dVEn; `s[dVEn/ n doctor who performs surgical operations 外科医师: a heart surgeon 心脏外科医师. Cf 参看 physician. surgery / 5s\:dVErI; `s[dVErI/ n 1 [U] treatment of injuries or diseases by cutting or removing parts of the body 外科; 手术: qualified in surgery and medicine 内外科合格的* prepare the patient for surgery 给病人做术前准备 * He underwent open-heart surgery. 他接受了体外循环心脏手术. * cosmetic surgery 美容外科. 2 (Brit) (a) [C] place where a doctor, dentist, etc sees his patients （医 师的）门诊处, 诊所. (b) [U] time during which a doctor, etc is available to see patients at his surgery 门诊时间: Surgery lasts from 9 am to 10 am. 门诊时间为上午9 时至10 时. * [attrib 作定语] `surgery hours 门诊时间. 3 [C] (Brit infml 口) time when a Member of Parliament can be consulted by the people he represents （议员对选民的）接待时间: She holds her surgery on Fridays at 6 pm. 她星期五下午6 时接待选民. surgical / 5s\:dVIkl; `s[dVIkl/ adj [attrib 作定语] of, by or for surgery 外科的; 外科手术的; 外科 用的: surgical instruments, treatment, skills 外科器械、治疗、技术 * a surgical ward, ie for patients having operations 外科病房* a surgical stocking, ie one specially designed to support an injured or diseased leg 外科治疗袜（用以支撑腿部的袜状物）. surgically / -klI; -klI/ adv: a tumour removed surgically 经手术切除的肿瘤. surgical spirit (Brit) (US `rubbing alcohol) clearliquid, consisting mainly of alcohol, used for cleaning wounds, etc 消毒用的酒精（用以清洗伤 口等）. surly / 5s\:lI; `s[lI/ adj (-ier, -iest) bad-tempered and unfriendly 脾气坏的; 乖戾的; 不友好的: a surly person, look, refusal 粗暴的人、样子、拒绝* Don't look so surly! 别那麽横眉立目的! surliness n. [U]. surmise / sE5maIz; sL`maIz/ v [Tn, Tf, Tw] (fml 文) suppose (sth) without having evidence that makes it certain; guess 猜测（某事物）; 猜想; 揣测: With no news from the explorers we can only surmise their present position/where they are. 我们没有探险者的消息, 只能猜测他们现在所处的 位置. * We surmised that he must have had an accident. 我们猜想他一定出事了. surmise / 5s\:maIz; `s[maIz/ n [C, U] (fml 文) guess(ing) 猜测; 猜想: Your first surmise was right. 你第一次猜得对. * This is pure surmise. 这纯属臆测. surmount / sE5maUnt; sL`maJnt/ v 1 [Tn] deal with (a difficulty, etc); overcome 克服（困难等）; 战 胜: We had many problems to surmount before we could start the project. 我们得克服许多困难才能 著手做这项工作. 2 [usu passive 通常用于被动语态: Tn, Tn.pr] be or be placed on top of (sth tall) 处于或置于（某高物）的顶端: A weather-vane surmounts the spire/The spire is surmounted by a weather-vane. 风向标装置在尖塔上[尖塔上装有风向标]. surmountable adj. (of difficulties, etc) that can be overcome （指困难等）可克服的. surname / 5s\:neIm; `s[9nem/ n name shared by all the members of a family 姓; 姓氏: Smith is a common English surname. 史密斯是常见的英国姓. =>Usage at name1 用法见 name1. surnamed adj. [pred 作表语] having a specified surname 姓...的: a boy surnamed Harris 姓哈里斯 的男孩. surpass / sE5pB:s; ?@ -5ps; sL`pAs/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth (in sth) (fml 文) do or be better than sb/sth; exceed sb/sth 优于或超过某人[某事物]: surpass sb in speed, strength, skill 在速度、力量、技术 上超过某人* It will be hard to surpass this very high score. 要超过这麽高的分数是很难的. * The beauty of the scenery surpassed all my expectations. 我万万没想到风景那麽漂亮. surpassing adj. [attrib 作定语] (fml 文) of high quality or degree; exceptional 出色的; 卓越的; 格外的: surpassing beauty 绝色美人. surpassingly adv. surplice / 5s\:plIs; `s[plIs/ n loose (usu white) outer garment with wide sleeves worn by priests and singers in the choir during religious services （教士及唱诗班成员于举行仪式时穿的）罩衣（通常 为白色）. surplus / 5s\:plEs; `s[plEs/ n [C, U] 1 amount left over after one has used all that one needs; amount by which money received is greater than money spent 剩余（额）; 过剩; 盈余; 顺差: Surpluses of food can be sold for cash. 多余的食物可卖钱. * We have a trade surplus of 400 million. 我们有 4 亿英镑的贸易顺差. * a time of great surplus followed by a time of shortage 物资大量过剩时期, 随 之而来的物资短缺时期 * [attrib 作定语] an army surplus store, ie one selling clothes, equipment, etc no longer needed by the army 剩余军用物资商店（出售军服、装备品等的）. Cf 参看 deficit. 2 (idm 习语) in `surplus having a surplus 有剩余; 有盈余: Our trade is in surplus, ie We are exporting more than we are importing. 我国贸易出现出超（出口量大于进口量）. surplus adj. ~ (to sth) more than is needed or used 剩余的; 过剩的: surplus labour, ie workers for whom there are no jobs 剩余劳动力* a sale of surplus stock 剩余存货廉价出售* This food is surplus to requirements. 这种食物供过于求. surprise / sE5praIz; sL`praIz/ n 1 (a) [U] feeling caused by sth happening suddenly or unexpectedly 惊奇; 惊讶: Their defeat caused little surprise, ie was expected. 他们的失败不足为奇. * To my surprise, the plan succeeded. 我感到惊奇的是那计画竟然成功了. * Imagine our surprise on seeing her there. 你想想, 我们在那里看见她时, 是多麽吃惊啊. * She looked up in surprise when I shouted. 我叫喊时, 她吃惊地抬起头来看. * He expressed surprise that no one had offered to help. 谁都不肯帮忙, 他感到诧异. (b) [C] event or thing that causes this feeling 令人吃惊的事物: What a surprise! 多麽令人惊奇呀! * We've had some unpleasant surprises. 我们得到一些令人不快的意外 消息. * The gift came as a complete surprise (to me). 这件礼物完全出乎（我的）意料. * They sprang quite a surprise on me when they offered me that job. 他们把那工作给了我, 我颇感意外. * [attrib 作定语] a surprise visit, attack, party 突然访问、袭击、料想不到的聚会. 2 (idm 习语) take sb/sth by sur`prise attack, capture, etc sb/sth unexpectedly or without warning 出其不意或毫无预示 而攻击、捕获...某人[某事物]: The town was well defended so there was little chance of taking it by surprise. 该城防守严密, 万难袭占. take sb by sur`prise happen unexpectedly, so as to shock sb slightly 使某人吃一惊: Her sudden resignation took us all by surprise. 她突然辞职, 我们都为之愕 然. surprise v. 1 [Tn] cause (sb) to feel surprise 使（某人）吃惊: She's over 80? You surprise me! 她 80 多岁了? 真想不到! * She was surprised by the boy's intelligence. 那男孩的智力使她很吃惊. * It wouldn't surprise me/I wouldn't be surprised if they lost, ie I rather expect them to lose. 他们要是失 败了也不足为奇. * Would it surprise you to know that I'm thinking of resigning? 我正考虑辞职, 你 感到意外吗? 2 [Tn, Tng] attack, discover, etc (sb) suddenly and unexpectedly 突然而出人意料地 攻击、发现... （某人）: surprise the opposition, ie attack them when they are unprepared 袭击对方 * We returned early and surprised the burglars searching through the cupboards. 我们回来得早, 没想 到正撞见有贼正在偷柜橱里的东西. 3 [Tn.pr] ~ sb into sth/doing sth cause sb to do sth through sudden unexpected action 以突然而出其不意的行动促使某人做某事: By firing a few shots we can surprise them into revealing their positions. 我们冷不防打几枪就能让他们暴露他们的位置. surprised adj. ~ (at sth/sb) experiencing or showing a feeling of surprise 惊奇的; 惊讶的; 吃惊的; 诧异的: a surprised look, cry 吃惊的样子、惊叫* We were surprised at the news. 我们听到这消 息很惊讶. * I'm surprised at you, playing with dolls at your age! 想不到你这年龄还玩玩具娃娃! * I'm very surprised to see you here. 我万万没想到能在这儿碰见你. * I'm surprised that he didn't come. 我很奇怪他竟没有来. * It's nothing to be surprised about. 没有什麽值得大惊小怪的. surprising adj. causing surprise 令人惊奇的; 使人吃惊的; 惊人的: a surprising decision, defeat 让人大吃一惊的决定、败北* It's surprising they lost. 他们竟然失败了, 真没想到. surprisingly adv: Surprisingly, no one came. 真奇怪, 没有人来. * She looked surprisingly well. 她看上去身体 好极了. surreal / sE5rIEl; sE`riEl/ adj unlike reality, esp in having combinations or strange distortions of things, as in a dream; fantastic; bizarre 超现实的; 不现实的; 梦幻般的; 荒诞的; 离奇的: Under the influence of the drug my mind was filled with surreal images. 我受了麻醉药的刺激, 头脑里充满了 稀奇古怪的幻觉. * Meeting you here like this is positively surreal! 像这样与你在此相逢真好比一 场梦! surrealism / sE5rIElIzEm; sE`riEl9IzEm/ n [U] 20th-century movement in art and literature that tries to express what is in the subconscious mind by showing objects and events as seen in dreams, etc 超 现实主义（20 世纪的文艺潮流, 藉表现梦境等以表达潜意识的内容）. surrealist / -lIst; -lIst/ n, adj [attrib 作定语] (artist, writer, etc) of surrealism 超现实主义的; 超现 实主义者; 超现实主义流派的画家、作家等: a surrealist painting, exhibition 超现实主义的画、 作品展览. surrealistic / sE9rIE5lIstIk; sE9riEl`IstIk/ adj 1 of surrealism 超现实主义的: a surrealistic style 超现实主义的风格. 2 surreal 超现实的; 梦幻般的; 离奇的. surrender / sE5rendE(r); sE`rZndL/ v 1 [I, Ipr, Tn, Tn.pr] ~ (oneself) (to sb) stop resisting an enemy, etc; yield; give up 停止抵抗; 投降; 屈服; 放弃: We shall never surrender. 我们决不投降. * The hijackers finally surrendered (themselves) to the police. 劫机者终于向警方投降了. 2 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth/sb (to sb) (fml 文) give up possession of sth/sb when forced by others or by necessity; hand sth/sb over 被迫放弃对某物[某人]的控制权; 交出某事物[某人]: We shall never surrender our liberty. 我 们决不放弃自由权. * They surrendered their guns to the police. 他们向警方交出枪枝. * He surrendered his insurance policy, ie gave up his rights under the policy in return for immediate payment 他中途退保（放弃保险以立即获得退保金）. 3 (phr v) surrender (oneself) to sth (fml or rhet usu derog 文或修辞, 通常作贬义) allow (a habit, an emotion, an influence, etc) to control what one does 听任（某习惯、感情、影响等）摆布: He surrendered (himself) to despair and eventually committed suicide. 他陷于绝望, 终于自杀了. surrender n. [U, C] surrendering or being surrendered 投降; 屈服; 放弃; 交出: demand the surrender of the town 要求该城投降* She accused the government of a cowardly surrender to big-business interests. 她指责政府畏首畏尾屈从于大企业的利益. * [attrib 作定语] What is the surrender value of these shares? 这些股票的转让价额是多少? surreptitious / 9sQrEp5tIFEs; 9sQrEp`tIFEs/ adj (usu derog 通常作贬义) done or acting secretly or stealthily 暗中进行的; 偷偷的: a surreptitious glance 偷偷的一瞥* She carried out a surreptitious search of his belongings. 她暗地里搜查他的东西. * I don't mind you smoking occasionally -- there's no need to be so surreptitious about it! 你偶尔吸烟我倒并不介意--何必这样躲躲闪闪! surreptitiously adv. surrogate / 5sQrEgeIt; `sQrE9-et/ n ~ (for sb/sth) (fml 文) person or thing that acts or is used instead of another; substitute 替代的人或事物; 替代者; 代理人; 替代物; 代用品: Fiction is a poor surrogate for real experience. 小说中的事远逊于实际体验. * [attrib 作定语] a surrogate mother, ie a woman who has a baby on behalf of another who is unable to have babies herself 代母（代不育女子 生育的女子）. surround / sE5raUnd; sE`raJnd/ n [Tn, Tn.pr] (a) ~ sb/sth (with sb/sth) (cause sb/sth to) move into position all round sb/sth; encircle sb/sth, esp so as to prevent escape （使某人[某物]）包围某人[某物]; 围住某人[某物]（尤指使之无法脱逃）: Troops have surrounded the town. 部队已将该城包围. * They have surrounded the town with troops. 他们出动军队包围了该城. * (fig 比喻) He likes to surround himself with beautiful things. 他喜欢生活在美的环境中. (b) ~ sth/sb (by/with sth) (esp passive 尤用于被动语态) be all round sth/sb 包围或环绕某物[某人]: Trees surround the pond. 树 木围绕著池塘. * The house was surrounded by high walls. 房子的四周有高墙. * (fig 比喻) The new plan is surrounded by much speculation, ie Everyone is wondering about it. 新计画备受猜疑. * She has always been surrounded with fashionable friends. 她周围总有许多爱赶时髦的朋友. surround n. (usu decorative) border around an object （通常指装饰性的）物体的边缘: a fireplace with a tiled surround 周围镶有瓷砖的壁炉. surrounding adj. [attrib 作定语] that is around and nearby 周围附近的: York and the surrounding countryside. 约克城及其近郊. surroundings n [pl] all the objects, conditions, etc that are around (and may affect) sb/sth; environment 周围的物体、条件等（可为有影响力的）; 环境: living in pleasant surroundings 生活在舒适的环境中* Animals in zoos are not in their natural surroundings. 动物园 中的动物没有自然环境. surtax / 5s\:tAks; `s[9tAks/ n [U] tax charged at a higher rate than the normal on income above a certain level 附加税（对超过限度的收入所徵收的）. surveillance / s\:5veIlEns; sL`velEns/ n [U] careful watch kept on sb suspected of doing wrong （对涉 嫌者的）监视: The police are keeping the suspects under round-the-clock surveillance. 警方对疑犯昼 夜监视. survey / sE5veI; sL`ve/ v [Tn] 1 look carefully at all of (sth/sb), esp from a distance 仔细全面地观 察（某物[某人]）（尤指自远处）: surveying the crowds from a balcony 从阳台上观望人群 * survey the countryside from the top of a hill 从山顶上眺望郊野* She surveyed me haughtily over the top of her glasses. 她傲慢地从眼镜的上方向我审视. 2 study (and describe) the general condition of (sth) 全面研究（及论述）（某事物）: a speech in which she surveyed the international situation 她 概括论述国际局势的讲话* In this book, the author surveys recent developments in linguistics. 作 者在本书中概述了语言学目前的发展情况. 3 find and record the area and features of (a piece of land) by measurement and/or calculation (eg using trigonometry) 测量, 勘察, 勘测（土地）: survey a plot of land for building 勘测一建筑用地. 4 (Brit) examine (a building, etc) to make sure its structure is in good condition 检查（建筑物等）（鉴定其结构状况）: have a house surveyed before deciding to buy it 买房子要先鉴定质量再决定购买与否. 5 investigate the behaviour, opinions, etc of (a group of people), usu by questioning them 调查（某部分人）的行为、意见等（通常以询问 方式进行）: Of the five hundred householders surveyed, 40% had dishwashers. 在接受调查的五百家 住户中, 40% 有洗碗机. survey / 5s\:veI; `s[ve/ n 1 general view, examination or description 全面的观察、检查或论述; 审视; 概观; 概论: A quick survey of the street showed that no one was about. 扫视街道, 空无一人. * a survey of the situation, subject 对情况、问题的概括论述* a comprehensive survey of modern music 现代音乐综述. 2 act of surveying (survey v 3); map or record of this 测量; 勘测; 测量图; 勘测记录: an aerial survey, ie made by taking photographs from an aircraft 航空测量照片. 3 (Brit) examination of the condition of a house, etc （房屋等的）结构状况检查, 查勘, 鉴定. 4 act of surveying (survey v 5); investigation （对部分人的行为、意见等的）调查: a public o`pinion survey 民意调查* Surveys show that 75% of people approve of the new law. 民意测验表明, 75% 的人赞 成新颁布的法规. surveyor / sE5veIE(r); sL`veL/ n 1 person who surveys (survey v 4) and values buildings, etc （建 筑物等的）鉴定估价人. 2 person who surveys (survey v 3) land, etc （土地等的）测量员, 勘测 员. 3 official appointed to check the accuracy, quality, etc of sth 检测官; 检验员: surveyor of weights and measures 度量衡检测官* the surveyor of highways 公路视察员. survival / sE5vaIvl; sL`vaIvl/ n 1 [U] state of continuing to live or exist; surviving 继续生存或存在; 存活; 幸存: the miraculous survival of some people in the air crash 空难事件中有些人奇迹般大难 不死* the survival of the fittest, ie the continuing existence of those animals and plants which are best adapted to their surroundings, etc 适者生存（动植物最能适应环境等者得以存活） * [attrib 作 定语] a sur`vival kit, ie a package of items needed by survivors of a disaster, eg at sea 救生包（装有 维持生命之必需品, 如供海难等幸存者使用的）. 2 [C] ~ (from sth) person, thing, custom, belief, etc that has survived from an earlier time 过去时代留存下来的人、物、风俗、信仰等; 遗老; 遗 习; 旧风俗; 旧思想: a ceremony which is a survival from pre-Christian times 从公元前沿袭下来的 礼仪活动. survive / sE5vaIv; sL`vaIv/ v 1 [I, Ipr] ~ (from sth); ~ (on sth) continue to live or exist 继续生存或 存在: the last surviving member of the family 这家唯一活著的人* Of the six people in the plane that crashed, only one survived. 在失事飞机上的六个人, 仅一人幸存. * Many strange customs have survived from earlier times. 有许多古怪的习俗源远流长. * I can't survive on ￡30 a week, ie It is not enough for my basic needs. 我每周收入30 英镑难以活命. * (fig 比喻) Life is hard at the moment, but we're surviving, ie coping successfully with the difficulties. 目前生活很艰难, 但我们 正在挣扎求生. 2 [Tn] continue to live or exist in spite of nearly being killed or destroyed by (sth) 经历（某事物）幸存: survive an earthquake, shipwreck, etc 经历地震、沉船等而死里逃生 * Few buildings survived the bombing raids intact. 空袭过后幸存的建筑物绝无仅有. * The plants may not survive the frost. 这些植物不经冻. 3 [Tn] remain alive after (sb) 比（某人）长命: The old lady has survived all her children. 那老太太的子女都先她而去世了. survivor n. person who has survived 幸存者; 生还者: send help to the survivors of the earthquake 救助地震中的幸存者. sus (also suss) / sQs; sQs/ v (-ss-) (sl 俚) 1 [Tn, Tn.p, Tf, Tw] ~ sb/sth (out) discover sb/sth 发现、 发觉或探明某人[某事物]: I've got him/it sussed (out), ie I now understand him/it. 我现在已了解他 [它]了. * We've sussed (out) who did it. 我们已弄清楚是谁干的了. 2 (phr v) sus sth out investigate sth carefully 仔细调查某事物: I sent Joe along to sus out the possibility of doing a deal with them. 我派乔去了解一下与他们做一笔交易的可能性. susceptible / sE5septEbl; sE`sZptEbl/ adj 1 ~ to sth [pred 作表语] easily influenced or harmed by sth 易受某事物影响或损害: highly susceptible to flattery 听几句好话就忘乎所以* plants that are not susceptible to disease 不易受病害侵袭的植物. 2 easily influenced by feelings; impressionable 易受感情影响的; 易受影响的: a nave person with a susceptible nature 幼稚而无主见的人 * He's so susceptible that she easily gained his affection. 他易受感情影响, 所以她很轻易地就得到了他的 爱. 3 ~ of sth [pred 作表语] (fml 文) that can undergo sth; capable of sth 能经受某事物; 有某种 能力: Is your statement susceptible of proof? 你的说法能加以证实吗? susceptibility / sE9septE5bIlEtI; sE9sZptE`bIlEtI/ n 1 [U] ~ (to sth) state of being susceptible 易 受影响或损害的状况: take advantage of her susceptibility 利用她在感情上的脆弱 * susceptibility to persuasion 容易被言词打动的特性. 2 susceptibilities [pl] person's feelings, considered as being easily hurt 感情（之脆弱处）: Do nothing to offend her susceptibilities. 不要伤害她的感情. suspect / sE5spekt; sE`spZkt/ v 1 [Tn, Tf, Tnt] have an idea of the existence, presence or truth of (sth); believe 有（某事物）存在或属实的想法; 相信: He suspected an ambush. 他感到有埋伏. * I strongly suspect that they're trying to get rid of me. 我强烈地感觉到他们要除掉我.* Most people don't, I suspect, realize this. 我想, 大多数人是意识不到这一点的. * What she said sounded convincing, but I suspect it to be a lie. 她的话听起来像那麽回事, 但我认为那是谎话. 2 [Tn] feel doubt about (sth); mistrust 怀疑（某事物）; 不信任: suspect sb's motives 怀疑某人的动机 * I suspect the truth of her statement. 我对她那番话的真实性表示怀疑. 3 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (of sth/doing sth) feel that sb is guilty of sth, without certain proof 怀疑某人有某罪: Who do the police suspect (of the crime)? 警方怀疑谁（作的案）? * What made you suspect her of having taken the money? 你凭什麽怀疑钱是她偷的? suspect / 5sQspekt; `sQspZkt/ n person suspected of a crime, etc 嫌疑犯; 可疑对象: The police are interrogating two suspects. 警方正在审讯两个嫌疑犯. * He's a prime suspect in the murder case. 他 是这次谋杀案的主要怀疑对象. suspect / 5sQspekt; `sQspZkt/ adj not to be relied on or trusted; possibly false 不可靠的; 不可信的; 可能有假的; 可疑的: His statements are suspect. 他的说法靠不住. * The car has a suspect tyre, eg one that is damaged and therefore dangerous. 这辆汽车的轮胎有问题（如已损坏故有危险）. suspend / sE5spend; sE`spZnd/ v 1 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (from sth) (fml 文) hang sth up 悬挂或吊起某 物: A lamp was suspended from the ceiling above us. 我们头顶上的天花板上吊著一盏灯. [Tn.pr usu passive 通常用于被动语态] not allow (sth) to fall or sink in air or liquid, etc 使（某物） 悬浮: a balloon suspended above the crowd 悬浮在人群上方的气球* Smoke hung suspended in the still air. 轻烟在静止的空气里悬浮著. * particles suspended in water 悬浮在水中的微粒. 3 [Tn] (a) prevent (sth) from being in effect for a time; stop (sth) temporarily 暂不实行（某事物）; 使（某 事物）暂停: suspend a rule 暂不实行一项规定* Rail services are suspended indefinitely because of the strike. 铁路运输因罢工而无限期停运. * During the crisis, the constitution was suspended, ie people did not have their normal civil rights. 在危机期间, 曾暂时停止实行宪法（人民不能正常地 享有公民权利）. (b) postpone (sth); delay 推迟（某事物）; 延缓: suspend introduction of the new scheme 延缓实施新方案* suspend judgement, ie delay forming or expressing an opinion 暂不决断 * give a criminal a suspended sentence, ie not send him to prison unless he commits a further offence 给一罪犯缓刑. 4 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (from sth) prevent sb officially from holding his usual position, carrying out his usual duties, etc for a time 勒令某人暂时停职、停止履行职责等: The policeman was suspended while the complaint was investigated. 因该警察遭投诉, 在调查期间已令其暂停职 务. * She was suspended from school for stealing. 她因有偷窃行为遭勒令停学处分. suspended animation state of being alive but not conscious 假死; 不省人事: (fig 比喻) The whole project is in suspended animation while we wait for permission to proceed. 我们整个项目暂时搁置以待审批. suspender / sE5spendE(r); sE`spZndL/ n 1 [C esp pl 尤作复数] (Brit) short elastic strap for holding up a sock or stocking by its top 吊带. 2 suspenders [pl] (US) = braces. suspender belt woman's belt-like undergarment, worn round the waist, with straps for holding up stockings （女用） 吊带围腰. suspense / sE5spens; sE`spZns/ n [U] feeling of tenseness, worry, etc about what may happen （对可 能发生之事的）紧张感, 担心, 挂虑: We waited in great suspense for the doctor's opinion. 我们焦急 万分地等候医生做出诊断. * Don't keep us in suspense any longer: tell us what happened! 别再让我 们著急了, 快告诉我们出了什麽事了! suspension / sE5spenFn; sE`spZnFEn/ n 1 [U] suspending or being suspended 悬挂; 悬浮; 暂停; 延缓; 停职: the suspension of a rule, law, etc 规则、法令等的暂停实施* the suspension of a pupil from school 对一名学生的停学处分* She appealed against her suspension. 她对被停职一事已进 行上诉. 2 [U] system of parts (eg springs and shock absorbers) by which a vehicle is supported on its axles （车辆的）悬挂装置（如弹簧及减震器）: The poor suspension gives a rather bumpy ride. 因悬挂装置性能差, 行驶时很颠簸. =>illus at App 1 见附录1 插图, page xii. 3 [C, U] (state of a) liquid containing tiny particles of solid matter floating in it 悬浮（液）: medicine in powder form held in suspension, ie to be taken by drinking 药粉悬浮剂（口服用）. suspension bridge bridge suspended from steel cables supported by towers at each end 悬索桥; 吊桥. =>illus at bridge 见 bridge 插图. suspicion / sE5spIFn; sE`spIFEn/ n 1 (a) [U] suspecting or being suspected 怀疑; 涉嫌: regard sb with suspicion 怀疑某人* He was arrested on suspicion of having stolen the money. 他因涉嫌偷那 笔钱而被捕. * Her behaviour aroused no suspicion. 她的举动未受怀疑. * After a crime, suspicion naturally falls on the person who has a motive for it. 一罪案发生后, 有作案动机的人自然受到怀疑. (b) [C] ~ (about sth/sb); ~ (that...) belief or feeling that sth is wrong, that sb has done wrong, etc 疑心; 疑忌; 猜疑: I have a suspicion that she is not telling me the truth. 我疑心她没对我说实话. * It appears to be genuine, but I have my suspicions (about it). 这看来好像是真的, 不过我（对此）有怀 疑. 2 [sing] ~ (of sth) slight taste or amount 些许味道; 少量; 一点儿: a suspicion of garlic in the stew 炖菜中的一点大蒜味* a suspicion of sadness in her voice 她声音中的一丝悲伤. 3 (idm 习语) a,bove su`spicion too good, honest, etc to be suspected of wrongdoing 不受怀疑的: Nobody who was near the scene of the crime is above suspicion. 在犯罪现场附近的人无不受到怀疑. under su`spicion suspected of wrongdoing 有嫌疑; 涉嫌. suspicious / sE5spIFEs; sE`spIFEs/ adj 1 ~ (about/of sth/sb) having or showing suspicion 有疑心的; 表示怀疑的: a suspicious look, attitude 怀疑的样子、态度* I'm very suspicious about her motives. 我对她的动机甚为怀疑. * He is suspicious of (ie does not trust) strangers. 他不信任陌生人. 2 causing suspicion 引起怀疑的; 可疑的: a suspicious action, remark 可疑的行动、言语 * a suspicious character, ie sb who may be dishonest 不可靠的人* It's very suspicious that she was in the house when the crime happened. 案发时她在房子里, 此点非常可疑. suspiciously adv: acting suspiciously 形迹可疑* Everything was suspiciously quiet. 一切静得离奇. suss = sus. sustain / sE5steIn; sE`sten/ v [Tn] 1 (fml 文) bear (weight) without breaking or falling: support 承 受住（重量）; 支承; 支撑: Will this shelf sustain the weight of all these books? 这个书架承受得住 这些书的重量吗? 2 (a) keep (sb/sth) alive or in existence 维持（某人[某物]）的生命或存在: You should eat good sustaining food, ie food that gives strength. 你应该吃些能增强体力的食物. * not enough oxygen to sustain life 氧气稀少不足以维持生命* Only the hope that the rescuers were getting nearer sustained the trapped miners, ie kept them cheerful and enabled them to stay alive. 遇Oxford Dictionary Translation memory software company ForeignDesk, Okapi Framework, OmegaT, Transolution, AidTransStudio, Cafetran, Déjà Vu (DVX), Heartsome Translation Suite, MemoQ, MetaTexis, Rainbow, SDLX, SDL, STAR Transit, Trados, SDL Trados, Wordfast, WordFisher, Similis, Open Language Tools http://www.transgood.com