TransGood-Translation memory software Trados, SDL, ForeignDesk, Wordfast, WordFisher, Déjà Vu (DVX), 译佳计算机辅助翻译软件, 雅信CAT TransGood, TransMemory, Translation Software Tools, Computer-assisted translation, computer-aided translation, CAT, machine-aided translation, Translation memory software, Terminology management software, Alignment software, Software localization tools, ?bersetzung Software, Logiciels de traduction, Software di traduzione, Traducción de Software, Mémoire de traduction, Tradu??o memória, Memoria de traducción, Memoria di traduzione, Перевод Software, ForeignDesk, Okapi Framework, OmegaT, Transolution, AidTransStudio, Cafetran, Déjà Vu (DVX), Heartsome Translation Suite, MemoQ, MetaTexis, Rainbow, SDLX, SDL, STAR Transit, Trados, SDL Trados, Wordfast, WordFisher, Similis, Open Language Tools, 翻訳ソフトウェア, 翻訳メモリ, 翻译软件 辅助翻译软件 计算机辅助翻译软件 人工智能翻译 翻译工具 专业翻译软件 翻译记忆软件 塔多思 Trados SDL WordFast 雅信CAT 翻译公司 牛津词典 Oxford Dictionary 气喘的; 费力的: breathless haste/hurry/pace/speed 赶得使人喘不过气来的仓促[匆忙/步子/速度]. 2 (a) [pred 作表语] holding one's breath (because of fear, excitement, etc) （因恐惧、激动等）屏住 呼吸: breathless with terror, wonder, amazement, etc 因恐怖、诧异、惊奇等而屏住呼吸. (b) [attrib 作定语] tense; making one hold one's breath 紧张的; 使人屏住呼吸的: a breathless hush in the concert hall 音乐厅内屏息无声. 3 with no air or wind 无空气的; 无风的: a breathless calm 死 寂. breathlessly adv. breathlessness n. [U]. breathtaking / 5breWteIkIN; `brZW9tekIN/ adj very exciting; spectacular 非常激动人心的; 壮观的: a breathtaking view, mountain-range, waterfall 壮丽的景色、山脉、瀑布 * Her beauty was breathtaking. 她艳丽动人. breathtakingly adv. bred pt, pp of breed. breech / bri:tF; britF/ n back part of a gun barrel where the bullet or shell is placed 枪炮的后膛（装子 弹或炮弹的地方）: a breech-loading gun 由后膛装弹的枪炮. Cf 参看 muzzle 2. breech birth birth in which the baby's buttocks or feet appear first 臀位分娩. breech-block n. steel block that closes the breech of a gun 枪闩; 炮闩 breeches / 5brItFIz; `brItFIz/ n [pl] 1 short trousers fastened just below the knee, worn esp for horse-riding or as part of ceremonial dress （膝下束紧的）短裤（尤指马裤或礼裤）: a pair of (`knee-)breeches 一条（膝下束紧的）短裤* `riding breeches 马裤. 2 (joc 谑) trousers 裤子. breeches-buoy / 5bri:tFIz bRI; `britFIz bRI/ n apparatus for rescuing people at sea, consisting of canvas breeches attached to a lifebuoy that runs along a rope between a ship and the shore or between two ships 短裤形救生器. breed / bri:d; brid/ v (pt, pp bred/ bred; brZd/) 1 [I] (of animals) produce young （指动物）生育, 繁 殖: How often do lions breed? 狮子多长时间产一次仔? 2 [Tn] keep (animals) for the purpose of producing young, esp by selecting the best parents for mating 饲养（动物）（尤指为选种繁殖的）: breed cattle, dogs, horses, etc 养牛、狗、马等. 3 [esp passive 尤用于被动语态: Tn, Tn.pr, Cn.n/a, Cn.t] ~ sb (as sth) bring up; train; educate 养育; 训练; 教育: a well-bred child 有教养的孩子 * Spartan youths were bred as warriors. 斯巴达青年被培养成战士. 4 [Tn] lead to (sth); cause 导致 （某事物）; 造成: Dirt breeds disease. 污秽导致疾病丛生. * Unemployment breeds social unrest. 失业能造成社会不安定. 5 (idm 习语) born and bred => born. familiarity breeds contempt => familiarity. breed n. 1 family or variety of animals, etc having a similar appearance and usu developed by deliberate selection （动物等的）品种（通常为特意繁殖的）: a breed of cattle, sheep, etc 牛、羊 等的品种 * What breed is your dog? 你的狗是什麽品种的? 2 type; kind 类型; 种类: a new breed of politician 新式的政治家. breeder n. person who breeds animals 饲养员: a dog, horse, cattle, etc breeder 狗、马、牛等的饲 养员* a breeder of racehorses 赛马马匹的饲养员. breeder reactor type of nuclear reactor that produces more radio-active material than is put into it 增殖反应堆. breeding n. [U] 1 producing of young by animals （动物的）生育, 繁殖, 生殖: [attrib 作定语] the breeding season 繁殖季节. 2 keeping of animals for breeding （为繁殖）饲养动物: the breeding of horses 马的饲养. 3 (good manners resulting from) training or family background 教养; 有教养 的举止: a man of good breeding 有良好教养的人. breeding-ground n. 1 place where wild animals go to produce their young （野生动物的）繁殖地: Some birds fly south to find good breeding-grounds. 有些鸟飞到南方去寻找适合产卵的地方. 2 (fig 比喻) place where sth (usu harmful) can develop 某事物（通常指有害事物）的滋生地: Damp, dirty houses are a breeding ground for disease. 房屋潮湿、肮脏可滋生疾病. breeze / bri:z; briz/ n 1 [C, U] light wind 微风: a sea breeze 海风* A gentle breeze was blowing. 微风轻吹. * There's not much breeze today. 今天没有什麽风. 2 [sing] (infml 口 esp US) thing that is easy to do or enjoy 容易做的事物; 容易享有的事物: Some people think learning to drive is a breeze. 有些人认为不费吹灰之力就可学会开车. 3 [C] (Brit infml 口) noisy quarrel 争吵. 4 (idm 习语) shoot the breeze => shoot1. breeze v. (phr v) breeze along, in, out, etc (infml 口) move in a cheerful carefree way (in the specified direction) （向某方向）飘然移动: Look who's just breezed in! 看, 一阵风把谁刮来啦! * He breezes through life, never worrying about anything. 他生活一帆风顺, 什麽事也不用操心. breezy adj. (-ier, -iest) 1 (a) slightly windy 有微风的: a breezy day 和风丽日 * breezy weather 轻风和畅的天气. (b) exposed to breezes 微风吹过的: a breezy corner, beach, hillside 风凉的拐角 处、沙滩、山坡. 2 (of a person, his manner, etc) cheerful; light-hearted （指人、举止等）快活的, 轻松愉快的: You're very bright and breezy today! 你今天满面春风啊! breezily / 5bri:zIlI;`brizIlI/ adv. breeziness / 5bri:zInIs; `brizInIs/ n [U]. breezeway n. (US) covered, often enclosed, passageway between two buildings （两建筑物之间有 顶的, 常为有围墙的）过道. breeze-block / 5bri:z blCk; `briz9blBk/ (Brit) n lightweight building block made of cinders, sand and cement （煤渣、沙、水泥制成的）一种轻型建筑砌块, 煤渣砌块. brethren / 5breTrEn; `brZTrEn/ n [pl] (arch except when used of or by certain religious groups 古用语, 现只用于某些宗教团体) brothers （某些宗教团体的）教友. breve / bri:v; briv/ n (music 音) long note equal to two semibreves 倍全音符; 二全音符. breviary / 5bri:vIErI; ?@ -IerI; `brivI9ZrI/ n book of prayers to be said daily by Roman Catholic priests 日课经（天主教神甫每日祈祷用的书）. brevity / 5brevEtI; `brZvEtI/ n [U] 1 shortness or briefness (of time) 短暂: the brevity of Mozart's life 莫扎特短暂的一生. 2 conciseness (in speaking or writing) （说话或行文的）简洁: He is famous for the brevity of his speeches. 他以言词简洁著称. brew / bru:; bru/ v 1 [Tn] make (beer) by mixing, boiling and fermenting malt, hops, etc and water 酿造（啤酒）: He brews his own beer at home. 他在家自己酿造啤酒. 2 (a) [Tn, Tn.p] ~ sth (up) prepare (a hot drink, esp tea) by mixing leaves, etc with boiling water 调制（热饮料, 尤指沏茶）; 冲 泡: We brewed (up) a nice pot of tea. 我们沏了一壶好茶. (b) [I] (esp of tea) become brewed （尤指 茶）沏著, 冲泡著: There's (a pot of) tea brewing in the kitchen. 厨房里沏了（一壶）茶. 3 (a) [Tn, Tn.p] ~ sth (up) prepare or plan (sth unpleasant) 图谋, 策划（不愉快的事物）: Those boys are brewing mischief. 那些孩子正在搞恶作剧. * brew (up) a wicked plot 图谋不轨. (b) [I] (of sth unpleasant) grow in force; look likely to happen; develop （指不愉快的事物）形成, 即将发生, 酝 酿: A storm is brewing. 暴风雨即将来临. * Trouble is brewing in the trade unions. 工会正酝酿著闹 事. * In 1938 war was brewing in Europe. 1938 年欧洲酝酿著一场战争. 4 (phr v) brew up (infml 口) prepare a drink of tea 沏茶: campers brewing up outside their tents 在帐篷外烧火沏茶的露营 者. brew n. 1 (a) (amount of) drink made by brewing (esp tea or beer) 酿造或冲泡的饮料（的量）（尤 指茶或啤酒）: home brew, ie beer made at home 家酿的饮料（自制的啤酒）* What's your favourite brew (of beer)? 你爱喝什麽啤酒? * We'll need more than one brew (eg of tea) for twenty people. 我 们二十人不能只沏一份（如茶）. (b) quality or nature of what is brewed （啤酒或茶等的）质量: I like a good strong brew. 我喜欢喝浓的. 2 (fig 比喻) any mixture of circumstances, ideas, events, etc （环境、思想、事件等的）混合物: The film is a rich brew of adventure, sex and comedy. 这部 电影是惊险、性爱及幽默的大杂烩. brewer n. person whose job is brewing beer 啤酒酿造者. brewery / 5brUErI; `bruErI/ n building in which beer is brewed 啤酒厂. Cf 参看 distillery (distiller). brew-up n. (Brit infml 口) act of making tea 沏茶: We always have a brew-up at 11 o'clock. 我们 总是在11 点钟沏茶. briar = brier. bribe / braIb; braIb/ n thing given, offered or promised to sb to influence or persuade him to do sth (often dishonest) for the giver 贿赂: take/accept bribes 受贿* The policeman was offered/given a bribe of 500 to keep his mouth shut. 向该警察行贿500 英镑让他闭口不言. bribe v. 1 (a) [Tn, Tn.pr, Tnt] ~ sb (with sth) give a bribe (of sth) to sb; try to persuade sb to do sth with a bribe 用（某事物）向某人行贿; 行贿以说通某人做某事: attempt to bribe a jury with offers of money 试图以金钱贿赂陪审团* One of the witnesses was bribed to give false evidence. 有个证人 受贿而提供伪证. (b) [I] give bribes; practise bribery 行贿. 2 (idm 习语) bribe one's way into/out of sth, past sb, etc get somewhere by using bribery 用行贿手段到达某处或达到某目的: He bribed his way past the guard and escaped. 他买通看守而逃之夭夭了. 3 (phr v) bribe sb into doing sth make sb do sth with a bribe 贿赂某人做某事. bribable/ 5braIbEbl; `braIbEbl/ adj able to be bribed 可受贿的; 可收买的. bribery/ 5braIbErI; `braIbErI/ n [U] giving or taking of bribes 行贿; 受贿: accuse/convict sb of bribery 指控[宣判]某人贿赂. bric-a-brac / 5brIkEbrk; `brIkE9brAk/ n [U] ornaments, trinkets and small items of furniture of little value （不大值钱的）饰物, 小摆设: She collects bric-a-brac. 她爱好搜集小摆设. brick / brIk; brIk/ n 1 [C, U] (usu rectangular block of) baked or dried clay used for building （通常 指长方形的）砖, 坯: a pile of bricks 一堆砖* houses built/made of red brick 红砖造的房屋 * [attrib 作定语] a brick wall 砖墙. =>illus at App 1 见附录1 之插图, page vi. 2 [C] child's (usu wooden) toy building block 积木. 3 [C] thing shaped like a brick, esp a block of ice-cream 砖形的 东西; （尤指）冰激凌. 4 [C] (Brit infml 口) generous or loyal person 慷慨的或忠实的人: She's been a real brick, looking after me while I've been ill. 我病中她一直照看我, 真是个大好人. 5 (idm 习语) bang, etc one's head against a brick wall => head1. drop a brick/clanger => drop2. like a cat on hot bricks => cat1. like a ton of bricks => ton. make bricks without straw try to work without adequate material, money, information, etc 要工作却无充分物力、财力、资料等; 作无米之炊. brick v. (phr v) brick sth in/up fill in, block or seal (an opening) with bricks 用砖堵住（洞口）: brick up a window/doorway/fireplace to prevent draughts 用砖把窗户[门口/壁炉]堵住以防止进风. brickbat n. 1 piece of brick, esp one thrown as a weapon 砖头（尤指作武器投掷的）. 2 (fig infml 比喻, 口) rude or derogatory remark; insult 粗鲁的或贬责的话; 凌辱: The Minister's speech was greeted with brickbats. 部长的演说遭到了抨击. bricklayer [C], bricklaying [U] ns (workman trained or skilled in) building with bricks 砌砖盖房; 砖瓦匠. brickwork n. [U] 1 (part of a) structure built of bricks 用砖造的建筑物（的部分）: The brickwork in this house is in need of repair. 这所房子的砖造部分需要修理. 2 building with bricks 砌砖工程: Are you any good at brickwork? 你擅长瓦工活儿吗? brickyard n. place where bricks are made 砖场; 砖厂. bridal / 5braIdl; `braIdl/ adj [attrib 作定语] of a bride or wedding 新娘的; 婚礼的: the bridal party, ie the bride and her attendants and close friends 新娘一方* a bridal suite, ie a suite of rooms in a hotel for a newly married couple 新婚套间（旅馆中的新婚夫妇用房）. bride / braId; braId/ n woman on or just before her wedding-day; newly married woman 新娘; 新婚 的妇女. bridegroom / 5braIdgrUm, also -gru:m; `braId9-rJm, --rum/ (also groom) n man on or just before his wedding-day; newly married man 新郎; 新婚的男子: Let's drink (a toast) to the bride and bridegroom! 让我们举杯向新娘和新郎祝贺! bridesmaid / 5braIdzmeId; `braIdz9med/ n young woman or girl (usu unmarried and often one of several) attending a bride at her wedding 女傧相; 伴娘. Cf 参看best man (best1). Bailey bridge / 5beIlI brIdV; `belI brIdV/ portable military bridge made of prefabricated sections that can be fitted together quickly 贝利桥（军用便桥, 由可迅速安装的预制件组成）. bridge / brIdV; brIdV/ n 1 structure of wood, iron, concrete, etc, providing a way across a river, road, railway, etc 桥梁: a bridge across the stream 横跨溪流的桥梁* a railway bridge, ie one for a railway across a river, etc 铁路桥梁（跨越河流等的）. =>illus 见插图. 2 (fig 比喻) thing that provides a connection or contact between two or more things 借以相互联系或接触的事物: Cultural exchanges are a way of building bridges between nations. 文化交流是国与国之间建立联系的桥梁. 3 raised platform across the deck of a ship, from which it is controlled and navigated by the captain and officers 船桥, 舰桥（船长及高级船员操纵及导航之处）. 4 (a) bony upper part of the nose 鼻 梁. (b) part of a pair of glasses that rests on the nose 鼻梁架镜上的）. =>illus at glass 见glass 之插图. 5 movable piece of wood, etc over which the strings of a violin, etc are stretched 琴马（小 提琴等上弦用的）. =>illus at App 1 见附录1 之插图, page xi. 6 device for keeping false teeth in place, fastened to natural teeth on each side 齿桥（固定假牙用者）. 7 (idm 习语) burn one's boats/bridges => burn2. cross one's bridges when one comes to them => cross2. a lot of/much water has flowed, etc under the bridge => water1. water under the bridge => water1. bridge v. 1 [Tn] build or form a bridge over (sth) 在（某事物）上架桥: bridge a river, canal, ravine, etc 在河流、运河、深谷等上面架桥. 2 (idm 习语) bridge a/the `gap (a) fill an awkward or empty space 填补尴尬的或空白的间隙: bridge a gap in the conversation 不使谈话冷场* A snack in the afternoon bridges the gap between lunch and supper. 在午餐和晚餐之间, 下午吃些点心补充一下. (b) reduce the distance (between widely contrasting groups) 缩短（悬殊的）距离: How can we bridge the gap between rich and poor? 怎样才能缩小贫富之间的差距? bridgehead n. area captured and fortified in enemy territory, esp on the enemy's side of a river （敌 占区内的）桥头堡. Cf 参看 beach-head (beach). bridging loan loan given (esp by a bank) for the period between two transactions, eg between buying a new house and selling the old one （尤指银行的）临时贷款（如于买新房卖旧房之间）. bridge / brIdV; brIdV/ n [U] card-game for four players developed from whist, in which one player's cards are exposed on the table and played by his partner 桥牌. bridle / 5braIdl; `braIdl/ n part of a horse's harness that goes on its head, including the metal bit for the mouth, the straps and the reins 马勒（包括衔铁、笼头、缰绳）. bridle v. 1 [Tn] put a bridle on (a horse) 给（马）装马勒. 2 [Tn] (fig 比喻) keep (feelings, etc) under control; restrain 控制（感情等）; 约束: bridle one's emotions/passions/temper/rage 控制[感 情/热情/脾气/怒气] * bridle one's tongue, ie be careful what one says 说话谨慎. Cf 参看 unbridled. 3 [I, Ipr] ~ (at sth) show anger, resentment, etc (because of sth), esp by drawing one's head up or back （因某事物）表示愤怒、不满等（尤指作昂首或收颔状）: He bridled (with anger) at her offensive remarks. 他听了她无礼的话（愤怒得）扬起头来. bridle-path (also bridle-way) n. path suitable for horse-riding, but not for cars, etc 马道（适宜骑马 而不通行汽车的路）. Brie / bri:; bri/ n [U] type of soft French cheese 布里乾酪（一种柔软的法国乾酪）. brief / bri:f; brif/ adj (-er, -est) 1 (a) lasting only a short time; short 时间短暂的; 简短的: a brief conver-sation, discussion, meeting, visit, delay 短暂的谈话、讨论、会议、访问、耽搁 * Mozart's life was brief. 莫扎特的一生是短暂的. (b) (of speech or writing) using few words; concise （指说话或 写作）简短的; 简洁的: a brief account, report, description, etc of the accident 对事故简短的叙述、 报道、描述* Please be brief, ie say what you want to say quickly. 请简断截说. 2 (of clothes) short; scanty （指衣著）短的, 刚刚够大的: a brief bikini 短小的比基尼游泳衣. 3 (idm 习语) in brief in a few words 简言之: In brief, your work is bad. 总之, 你做得不好. briefly adv 1 for a short time 短暂地: He paused briefly before continuing. 他停了片刻又继续进行. 2 in a few words 简单地说: Briefly, you're fired! 一句话, 你被解雇了! brief / bri:f; brif/ n 1 (a) summary of the facts of a legal case prepared for a barrister （为讼务律师 准备的）案情摘要. (b) case given to a barrister （给讼务律师承办的）案件: Will you accept this brief? 你接受这个案件吗? 2 instructions and information relating to a particular situation, job, or task （对某情况、工作或任务的）指示和资料: stick to one's brief, ie only do what one is required to do 照章办事（仅做分内的事）* It's not part of my brief to train new employees. 训练新雇员不是我 工作范围以内的事. 3 (idm 习语) hold no brief for (sb/sth) not wish to support or be in favour of (sb/sth) 不支持, 不赞成（某人[某事物]）: I hold no brief for those who say that violence can be justified. 我不赞成人们说有时使用暴力是合乎情理的. brief v. 1 [Tn, Tnt] give a brief2(1a) to (sb) 将案件委托（某人）: The company has briefed a top lawyer to defend it. 公司已将案件委托给最好的律师进行辩护. 2 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (on sth) give sb detailed information or instructions in advance (about sth) 事先给某人详细介绍或指示（某事物）: The Prime Minister was fully briefed before the meeting. 首相在会议前已掌握了详尽资料. * The Air Commodore briefed the bomber crew on their dangerous mission. 空军准将向轰炸机机组下达 执行危险任务的各项指示. Cf 参看debrief. briefing n [C, U] detailed instructions and information given at a meeting (esp before a military operation) （会议上作的）详细指示和介绍; （尤指军事 行动前的）会议部署: receive (a) thorough briefing 听取详细指示 * [attrib 作定语] a briefing session 任务布置会. briefcase / 5bri:fkeIs; `brif9kes/ n flat leather or plastic case for carrying documents （扁平的、皮革 或塑料的）公事包. =>illus at luggage 见luggage 之插图. briefs / bri:fs; brifs/ n [pl] short close-fitting pants or knickers （贴身的）短内裤: a new pair of briefs 一条新的三角裤. brier (also briar) / 5braIE(r); `braIL/ n 1 thorny bush; wild rose 荆棘; 野玫块. 2 bush with a hard woody root used for making tobacco-pipes 欧石南（其坚硬木质根部可制作烟斗）. 3 tobacco-pipe made from this （用欧石南根制成的）烟斗. brig / brIg; brI-/ n 1 sailing-ship with two masts and square sails 方帆双桅船. 2 (US) prison, esp one on a warship for members of the Navy 禁闭室（尤指军舰上关押海军人员的）. brigade / brI5geId; brI`-ed/ n 1 army unit, usu of three battalions, forming part of a division 旅（陆 军的编制单位）. 2 group of people, esp one organized for a particular purpose 队, 组（尤指为某 特殊目的而组织的）: the fire brigade 消防队 * (joc 谑) He's joined the bowler-hatted brigade working in the City. 他已跻身于那帮戴常礼帽的人的行列, 在伦敦商业区工作. brigadier / 9brIgE5dIE(r); 9brI-E`dIr/ n officer in the British Army between the ranks of colonel and major general, commanding a brigade; staff officer having similar status （英国陆军）准将, 旅长; （相当于该地位的）参谋长. =>App 9 见附录9. brigand / 5brIgEnd; `brI-End/ n (dated 旧) member of a band of robbers, esp one attacking travellers in forests and mountains 强盗, 土匪（尤指在山林中抢劫旅客的）. brigantine / 5brIgEnti:n; `brI-En9tin/ n sailing-ship like a brig, but with fewer sails 双桅帆船. bright / braIt; braIt/ adj (-er, -est) 1 giving out or reflecting much light; shining 发光的; 反光的; 明 亮的: bright sunshine 灿烂的阳光* bright eyes 明亮的眼睛* Tomorrow's weather will be cloudy with bright periods. 明天的天气多云、间中有阳光. 2 (of a colour) intense; bold; vivid （指颜色） 鲜艳的, 鲜明的, 醒目的: a bright blue dress 宝蓝色的连衣裙* The leaves on the trees are bright green in spring. 春天树上的叶子是翠绿的. 3 promising; hopeful 光明的; 有希望的: a child with a bright future 有前途的孩子* Prospects for the coming year look bright. 来年前景看来很有希望. 4 cheerful and lively 愉快的; 活泼的: She has a bright personality. 她个性爽朗. 5 clever; intelligent 伶俐的; 聪明的; 有智慧的: a bright idea/suggestion 高明的见解[建议] * He is the brightest (child) in the class. 他是班里最聪明的（孩子）. 6 (idm 习语) (be/get up) bright and `early very early in the morning 一大早; 大清早: You're (up) bright and early today! 你今天真早哇! (as) bright as a `button very clever; quick-witted 聪敏的; 伶俐的; 机灵的. the bright `lights (excitement of) city life 都市生活（的丰富多彩）: He grew up in the country, but then found he preferred the bright lights. 他在乡村长大, 但后来觉得很喜欢繁华的都市生活. a bright `spark (infml often ironic 口, 常作反语) lively and intelligent person (esp one who is young and promising) 活泼而聪 明的人（尤指有为的年轻人）: Some bright spark has left the tap running all night. 哪个小淘气干的 聪明事, 让水龙头开了一夜. look on the `bright side find sth to be cheerful or hopeful about in spite of difficulties 在困境中看到事物光明的一面. bright adv brightly 光明地: The stars were shining bright. 星光灿烂. brighten / 5braItn; `braItn/ v [I, Ip, Tn, Tn.p] ~ (sth) (up) (cause sth/sb to) become brighter, more cheerful or more hopeful （使某人[某事物]）焕发光彩, 更愉快, 更有希望: The sky/weather is brightening. 天空[天气]转晴. * He brightened (up) when he heard the good news. 他听到这个好消 息时喜形于色. * Flowers brighten (up) a room. 房间里有了花显得满室生辉. brightly adv: a brightly lit room 照得明亮的房间* brightly coloured curtains 颜色鲜艳的窗帘. brightness n. [U]. brill / brIl; brIl/ n flat-fish like a turbot 菱. brilliant / 5brIlIEnt; `brIljEnt/ adj 1 very bright; sparkling 非常明亮的; 光辉夺目的: brilliant sunshine 灿烂的阳光* a brilliant diamond 耀眼的钻石* a sky of brilliant blue 蔚蓝色的天空. 2 (a) very intelligent; highly skilled or talented 极聪明的; 技艺精湛的; 才华横溢的: a brilliant scientist, musician, footballer, etc 卓越的科学家、音乐家、足球运动员等* She has a brilliant mind. 她头脑敏锐. (b) causing admiration; outstanding; exceptional 令人钦佩的; 杰出的; 非凡的: a brilliant achievement, exploit, career, performance, etc 非凡的成就、功绩、事业、表演等 * The play was a brilliant success. 这出戏是一大成功. brilliance / 5brIlIEns; `brIljEns/, brilliancy / 5brIlIEnsI; `brIljEnsI/ ns [U]. brilliantly adv. brilliantine / 5brIlIEnti:n; `brIljEn9tin/ n [U] oily substance used to make men's hair shiny and smooth （男用）润发油. brim / brIm; brIm/ n 1 top edge of a cup, bowl, glass, etc （杯口、碗口等的）边, 边缘: full to the brim 满到边缘. 2 projecting edge of a hat, that gives shade and protection against rain 帽檐. =>illus at hat 见hat 之插图. brim v. (-mm-) 1 [I, Ipr] ~ (with sth) be or become full to the brim 注满: a mug brimming with coffee 注满咖啡的大缸子 * eyes brimming with tears 盈盈泪眼 * (fig 比喻) The team were brimming with confidence before the match. 这个队在比赛前充满了信心. 2 (phr v) brim over (with sth) overflow 溢出: a glass brimming over with water 溢出水的玻璃杯 * (fig 比喻) brim over with excitement, happiness, joy, etc 洋溢著兴奋、幸福、欢乐等. -brimmed ( forming compound adjs 用以构成复合形容词) (of a hat) having the type of brim specified （指帽子）有某种檐的: a broad-/ wide-/ floppy-brimmed hat. brimful (also brim-full) / 9brIm5fUl; `brIm`fJl/ adj [pred 作表语] ~ (of/with sth) full to the brim (with sth) （某物）满到边缘: The basin was brim-full (of water). 盆（里的水）已经满到边了. * (fig 比 喻) Our new manager is,brimful of `energy. 我们的新经理精力十分充沛. brimstone / 5brImstEUn; `brIm9ston/ n [U] (arch 古) 1 sulphur 硫磺. 2 (idm 习语) fire and brimstone => fire1. brindled / 5brIndld; `brIndld/ adj (esp of cows, dogs and cats) brown with streaks of another colour （尤指牛、狗、猫）棕色的并夹杂其他颜色之斑纹的. brine / braIn; braIn/ n [U] 1 very salty water used esp for pickling 盐水（尤作腌泡用的）: herrings pickled in brine 盐水腌过的鲱鱼. 2 sea-water 海水. briny adj. salty 咸的. the briny n [sing] (dated joc 旧, 谑) the sea 海: take a dip in the briny 到海 里小游片刻. bring / brIN; brIN/ v (pt, pp brought/ brR:t; brRt/) 1 [Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p, Dn.n, Dn.pr] ~ sb/sth (with one); ~ sth (for sb) come carrying sth or accompanied by sb 带著某物或某人来: He always brings a bottle of wine (with him) when he comes to dinner. 他来吃饭时总是（随身）带来一瓶酒. * She brought her boyfriend to the party. 她带著男朋友来参加聚会. * The secretary brought him into the room/brought him in. 秘书带著他进入室内. * (fig 比喻) The team's new manager brings ten years' experience to the job. 该队新来的负责人有十年的工作经验. * Take this empty box away and bring me a full one. 把这个空盒子拿走, 给我拿个满的来. * Bring me a glass of water/Bring a glass of water for me. 给我拿一杯水来. 2 (a) [Tn] result in (sth); cause; produce 导致（某事物）; 引起; 产 生: These pills bring relief from pain. 这些药丸可以止痛. * Spring brings warm weather and flowers. 随著春天的到来, 天气和暖, 百花盛开. * The revolution brought many changes. 这场革命带来了 许多变化. * The sad news brought tears to his eyes, ie made him cry. 他得知这一不幸的消息, 眼泪 夺眶而出. (b) [Tn, Dn.n] produce (sth) as profit or income 产生, 创造（某事物）作为利润或收入: His writing brings him 10000 a year. 他的作品给他带来一年10000 英镑的收入. * Her great wealth brought her no happiness. 她的巨大财富并未给她带来幸福. 3 [Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth to sth cause sb/sth to be in a certain state or position 使某人[某事物]处于某种情况或境地: His incompetence has brought the company to the brink of bankruptcy. 他很无能, 公司已因而濒于破产. 4 [Cn.g] cause (sb) to move in the way specified 使（某人）按某方式移动: The full-back brought him crashing to the ground, ie caused him to fall heavily. 后卫把他倒在地. * Her cries brought the neighbours running, ie caused them to come running to her. 她大声喊叫, 邻居闻声朝她跑来. 5 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (against sb) put forward (charges, etc) in a lawcourt 向法庭提起（诉讼等）: bring a charge/a legal action/an accusation against sb 指控[起诉/控告]某人. 6 [Cn.t] force or make (oneself) do sth 强迫 或促使（自己）做某事: She could not bring bring sb/sth back ( a) return sb/sth 送回某人[某事物]: Please bring back the book tomorrow. 请明 天把书送回来. * He brought me back (ie gave me a lift home) in his car. 他用汽车把我送回家. bring sth back (a) restore or reintroduce sth 恢复某事物: MPs voted against bringing back the death penalty. 下议院议员投票反对恢复死刑. (b) call sth to mind 回想起某事物: The old photograph brought back many memories. 这张旧照片引起许多回忆. bring sb back sth return with sth for sb 为 某人带回某物: If you're going to the shops, could you bring me back some cigarettes? 你要是到商 店去, 可以给我捎些香烟来吗? bring sb back to sth restore sb to sth 使某人恢复某事物: A week by the sea brought her back to health. 她待在海滨一周后恢复了健康. bring sb/sth before sb present sb/sth for discussion, decision or judgement 将某人[某事物]提交讨论或裁决: The matter will be brought before the committee. 此事将提交委员会讨论. * He was brought before the court and found guilty. 他出庭受审并被裁决有罪. bring sb down ( a) (in football) cause sb to fall over by fouling him （足球）犯规使某人跌倒: He was brought down in the penalty area. 他在罚球区被对方撞倒. (b) (in Rugby) tackle sb （橄榄球） 挡住对方带球跑的队员. (c) cause the defeat of sb; overthrow sb 使某人失败; 打倒某人: The scandal may bring down the government. 这一丑闻可能导致政府垮台. bring sth down (a) cause (an aircraft) to fall out of the sky 使（飞行器）从空中落下: bring down an enemy fighter 击落敌人一架 战斗机. (b) land (an aircraft) 使（飞行器）著陆: The pilot brought his crippled plane down in a field. 驾驶员把失灵的飞机降落在田地里. (c) cause (an animal or a bird) to fall over or fall out of the sky by killing or wounding it 打死或打伤（禽兽）: He aimed, fired and brought down the antelope. 他瞄 准羚羊射击, 把它打倒了. (d) lower or reduce sth 降低或减少某事物: bring down prices, the rate of inflation, the cost of living, etc 降低价格、通货膨胀率、生活费用等. (e) (mathematics 数) transfer (a digit) from one part of a sum to another 将（数字）移下. bring sth forth ( fml 文) produce sth 产生某事物: Trees bring forth fruit. 树木能结出果实. bring sth forward ( a) move sth to an earlier time; advance sth 将某事物提前: The meeting has been brought forward from 10 May to 3 May. 会议已由5 月10 日提前到5 月3 日召开. (b) (in bookkeeping) transfer (the total of a column of figures) to the next column （簿记）将（一列数字的 总数）转到下一列: A credit balance of 50 was brought forward from his September account. 贷方余 额50 英镑是从他九月份的帐上转来的. (c) propose or present sth for discussion; raise sth 将某事提 交讨论; 提出某事: matters brought forward from the last meeting 上次会议提出来的事项. bring sb in ( a) (of the police) bring sb to a police station to be questioned or charged; arrest sb （指 警察）将某人抓进警察局去盘问或起诉; 逮捕某人: Two suspicious characters were brought in. 逮 捕了两名嫌疑犯. (b) introduce sb as an adviser, a helper, etc 介绍某人充当顾问、助手等: Experts were brought in to advise the Government. 请来了专家担当政府顾问. bring sth in (a) pick and gather (crops, fruit, etc) 摘取并收集（作物、水果等）: bring in a good harvest 获得好收成. (b) introduce (legislation) 提出（议案）: bring in a bill to improve road safety 提出改善道路安全的法 案. (c) pronounce (a verdict on an accused person) 宣布（对被告的裁决）: The jury brought in a verdict of guilty. 陪审团裁断被告有罪. bring (sb) in sth produce (an amount) as profit or income (for sb) （使某人）获得（某数额）作为利润或收入: His freelance work brings (him) in 5000 a year. 他 从事自由职业每年可获5000 英镑. * He does odd jobs that bring him in about 30 a week. 他做零工 每周可赚约30 英镑. bring sb in (on sth) allow sb to participate in sth 让某人参与某事: Local residents were angry at not being brought in on (ie not being consulted about) the new housing scheme. 新的房屋计划未徵询当地居民的意见, 他们感到非常气愤. bring sb off rescue sb from a ship 从船上救出某人: The passengers and crew were brought off by the Dover lifeboat. 乘客及船员都被多佛尔的救生艇救出. bring sth off (infml 口) manage to do (sth difficult) successfully 设法把（困难的事情）做成功: The goalkeeper brought off a superb save. 守门员漂亮 地救出了险球. * It was a difficult task, but we brought it off. 那工作很困难, 但是我们圆满完成了. bring sb on help (a learner, etc) to develop or improve 帮助（学习者等）进步或提高: The coach is bringing on some promising youngsters in the reserve team. 教练正在帮助后备队中有前途的年轻人提高技术. bring sth on (a) lead to, result in or cause sth 导致、造成或引起某事物: He was out in the rain all day and this brought on a bad cold. 他在外面淋了一天雨, 因此患了重感冒. * nervous tension brought on by overwork 因劳累过度所造成的神经紧张. (b) cause (crops, fruit, etc) to grow rapidly 促使 （作物、水果等）迅速生长: The hot weather is bringing the wheat on nicely. 因天气热小麦长势良 好. bring sth on oneself/sb cause sth (usu unpleasant) to happen to oneself/sb else 使（通常为不愉快 的）某事发生在自己[别人]身上: You have brought shame and disgrace on yourself and your family. 你给你本人和家庭带来了耻辱. bring sb out ( a) cause sb to strike 使某人罢工: The shop-stewards brought out the miners. 工人代 表发动矿工罢工. (b) cause sb to lose his shyness 使某人消除羞怯心理: She's nice but needs a lot of bringing out. 她很不错, 但尚需多加克服羞怯心理. bring sth out (a) cause sth to appear or open 使某事物出现或开放: The sunshine will bring out the blossom. 阳光将使花朵开放. (b) produce sth; publish sth 生产某物; 出版某物: The company is bringing out a new sports car. 公司正在生产一种 新跑车. * bring out sb's latest novel 出版某人最新小说* New personal computers are brought out almost daily. 几乎每天都能生产出新的私人计算机. (c) show sth clearly; reveal sth 清楚地显示出 某事物; 揭示出某事物: The enlargement brings out the details in the photograph. 照片放大后细微 之处都很清楚. (d) make sth clear or explicit 使某事物清楚或明白; 说明; 阐明: bring out the meaning of a poem 揭示一首诗的意义. (e) cause (a quality) to be seen in sb; elicit sth 使某人的（品 质）显现; 引出某物: A crisis brings out the best in her. 在紧急关头看出了她的优秀品质. bring sb out in sth cause sb to be covered in sth 使某人浑身都有某事物: The heat brought him out in a rash. 因气温很高, 他浑身长了皮疹. bring sb over ( to...) cause sb to come to a place from overseas 使某人从海外来到某地: Next summer he hopes to bring his family over from the States. 他希望明年夏天把他一家人从美国接来. bring sb over (to sth) make sb change his way of thinking, loyalties, etc 使某人改变思想方法、信念 等: bring sb over to one's cause 把某人争取到己方. bring sb round cause sb to regain consciousness after fainting 使某人恢复知觉: Three women fainted in the heat but were quickly brought round with brandy. 有三个女子中暑昏倒, 全靠白兰地使她们很快苏醒过来 了. bring sth round (nautical 海) make (a boat) face in the opposite direction 使（船）掉头. bring sb round/around (to...) cause sb to come to sb's house 使某人来串门: Do bring your wife round one evening; we'd love to meet her. 哪天晚上把你妻子带来, 我们都想见见她. bring sb round (to sth) convert sb, esp to one's point of view 改变某人的观点（尤指使之与自己一致）: He wasn't keen on the plan, but we managed to bring him round. 他本来不太喜欢这个计划, 但我们设法把他说服了. bring sth round to sth direct (a conversation) to a particular subject 把（话题）转移到某事物上: He brought the discussion round to football. 他把讨论的话题转到足球上去了. bring sb through help sb to recover; save sb 促使某人痊愈; 拯救某人: He was very ill, but the doctors brought him through. 他病得很厉害, 但经医生治疗他已转危为安. bring sb to = bring sb round. bring sth to ( nautical 海) make (a boat) stop 使（船）停下. bring A and B together help (two people or groups) to end a quarrel; reconcile 促使（争执双方）和解; 使和好: The loss of their son brought the parents together. 夫妻双方因失去儿子而言归于好. bring sb under bring sb under control; subdue sb 控制某人; 制服某人: The rebels were quickly brought under. 叛 乱者很快被制服了. bring sth under sth include sth within a category 将某事物纳入某一范畴; 归类: The points to be discussed can be brought under three main headings. 所论各点可以归为三个主要 方面. bring sb up ( a) (esp passive 尤用于被动语态) raise, rear or educate sb 培养, 养育或教育某人: She brought up five children. 她养育了五个孩子. * Her parents died when she was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt. 她出生后不久父母双亡, 是由姑母抚养大的. * a well-/badly-brought up child 有教养的[教养不良的]孩子 * He was brought up to (ie taught as a child to) respect authority. 他从小就受到尊敬师长的教育. Cf 参看upbringing. (b) (law 律) cause sb to appear for trial 使某人出庭受审: He was brought up on a charge of drunken driving. 他被控醉后开车而出庭 受审. (c) cause sb to stop moving or speaking suddenly 使某人突然停止移动或谈话: His remark brought me up short/sharp/with a jerk. 他的话我听后一下子楞住了. bring sb/sth up move or call (soldiers, guns, etc) to the front line 把（士兵、枪炮等）调往前线: We need to bring up more tanks. 我们需要多调些坦克到前线. bring sth up (a) vomit sth 呕吐某物: bring up one's lunch 吐出午饭 吃的食物. (b) call attention to sth; raise sth 使注意某事物; 提出某事物: These are matters that you can bring up in committee. 这些事你可以在委员会上提出. bring sb up against sth make sb face or confront sth 使某人面临或面对某事物: Working in the slums brought her up against the realities of poverty. 她在贫民区工作, 使她正视贫困的现实. bring sb/sth up to sth bring sb/sth to (an acceptable level or standard) 使某人[某事物]达到（认可的水平或标准）: His work in maths needs to be brought up to the standard of the others. 他的数学功课需要赶上别人的水平. bring-and-buy sale ( Brit) sale, often for charity, at which people bring items for sale and buy those brought by others 义卖（常为慈善性质, 人们自携物品进行交易）. brink / brINk; brINk/ n 1 [C usu sing 通常作单数] (a) edge at the top of a steep high place, eg a cliff （陡峭处, 如峭壁顶端的）边缘: the brink of a precipice 悬崖的边缘. (b) edge of a stretch of (usu deep) water 深渊的边缘: He stood shivering on the brink, waiting to dive in. 他站在边上等待 跳水时浑身发抖. 2 [sing] the ~ of sth (fig 比喻) point or state very close to sth unknown, dangerous or exciting （未知的、危险的或刺激性事物的）边缘: on the brink of death, war, disaster, success 在死亡、战争、灾难、成功的边缘* Scientists are on the brink of (making) a breakthrough in the treatment of cancer. 科学家们在治疗癌症方面即将获得重大突破. * His incompetence has brought us to the brink of ruin. 他很无能已导致我们濒临绝境. brinkmanship / 5brINkmEnFIp; `brINkmEn9FIp/ n [U] art or practice of pursuing a dangerous policy to the limits of safety, eg to the brink of war 边缘政策（将危险的政策推到极限, 如战争的边缘）. briny => brine. brioche / 5bri:CF; ?@ 5bri:EUF; `brioF/ n small round sweetened bread roll 奶油圆蛋糕. briquette (also briquet) / brI5ket; brI`kZt/ n small block of compressed coal-dust used as fuel 煤砖, 煤饼, 煤球（煤渣压制成的燃料）. brisk / brIsk; brIsk/ adj (-er, -est) 1 quick; active; energetic 敏捷的; 活泼的; 精神饱满的: a brisk walk, walker 轻快的散步、走路轻快的人* at a brisk pace 以轻快的步伐* a brisk and efficient manner 胜任愉快的样子* Business is brisk today. 今天生意兴隆. 2 giving a healthy feeling; refreshing 令人爽快的; 清新的: a brisk breeze 清新的微风. briskly adv. briskness n. [U]. brisket / 5brIskIt; `brIskIt/ n [U] meat (usu beef) cut from the breast of an animal （动物的）胸肉（通 常指牛肉）. bristle / 5brIsl; `brIsl/ n 1 short stiff hair 短而硬的毛发: a face covered with bristles 满脸胡楂儿. 2 one of the short stiff hairs in a brush 刷子毛: My toothbrush is losing its bristles. 我的牙刷掉毛. bristle v. 1 [I, Ip] ~ (up) (of an animal's fur) stand up stiffly in fear or anger （指动物的毛）竖起 （因惧怕或发怒）: The dog's fur bristled as it sensed danger. 那狗觉察到危险时, 毛都竖立起来了. 2 [I, Ipr] ~ (with sth) show anger, indignation, etc 显出愤怒、愤慨等: bristle with defiance, pride, etc 充溢著蔑视、傲慢等* She bristled (with rage) at his rude remarks. 她听了他粗鲁的话怒不可遏. 3 (phr v) bristle with sth be thickly covered with sth; have a large number of sth (usu unpleasant) 覆 盖著很厚的或很密的某物; 有大量的某事物（通常指坏的）: trenches bristling with machine-guns 布满机枪的战壕* The problem bristles with difficulties. 此问题困难重重. bristly / 5brIslI; `brIslI/ adj like or full of bristles; prickly; rough 如刚毛的; 多硬毛的; 有剌的; 粗 糙的: a bristly chin 长满胡楂儿的下巴* She finds his beard too bristly. 她觉得他的胡须太扎人. Brit / brIt; brIt/ n (esp joc or derog 尤作戏谑语或作贬义) British person 英国人. Britain / 5brItn; `brItn/ n = Great Britain (great). =>Usage at great 用法见great. Britannic / brI5tAnIk; brI`tAnIk/ adj Her/His BritannicMajesty (fml 文) Queen/King of Britain 英国 女王[国王/陛下]. British / 5brItIF; `brItIF/ adj 1 of the United Kingdom (of Great Britain and Northern Ireland) or its inhabitants （大不列颠及北爱尔兰）联合王国的; 英国人民的: a British passport 英国护照 * the British Government 英国政府* He was born in France but his parents are British. 他出生于法国, 但父母是英国人. 2 (idm 习语) the best of British => best3. the British n. [pl v] British people 英国人民. Britisher n. (US) native or inhabitant of Britain, esp of England 英国人; （尤指）英格兰人. British English English as spoken in the British Isles 英式英语（不列颠群岛的人说的英语）. the British Isles Britain and Ireland with the islands near their coasts 不列颠群岛（包括不列颠和爱尔兰两岛及周围 小岛）. =>illus at App 1 见附录1 之插图, pages xiv, xv. =>Usage at great 用法见 great. Briton / 5brItn; `brItn/ n native or inhabitant of Britain 英国土著或居民. =>Usage at great 用法见 great. brittle / 5brItl; `brItl/ adj 1 (a) hard but easily broken; fragile 硬而易碎的; 脆弱的: as brittle as thin glass 如薄玻璃一样容易破碎. (b) (fig 比喻) easily damaged; insecure 容易损坏的; 不安全的: He has a brittle temper, ie loses his temper easily. 他脾气急. * Constant stress has made our nerves brittle. 我们长期处于紧张状态, 神经已吃不消了. 2 (of a sound) unpleasantly hard and sharp （指声音） 尖利的: a brittle laugh 尖利的笑声* The orchestra was brittle in tone. 管弦乐队演奏的曲调尖利 刺耳. 3 (of a person) lacking in warmth; hard （指人）冷淡的, 难相处的: a cold, brittle woman 冷 漠、不好接近的女人. brittleness n. [U]. broach / brEUtF; brotF/ v [Tn] 1 make a hole in (a barrel) to draw off the liquid inside; open (a bottle, etc) to use the contents 在（桶）上打眼放出液体; 打开（瓶子等）以使用其中之物: Let's broach another bottle of wine. 我们再打开一瓶酒吧. 2 (fig 比喻) begin a discussion of (a topic) 开始商 讨（一议题）: He broached the subject of a loan with his bank manager. 他向银行经理提出贷款问 题. broad / brR:d; brRd/ adj (-er, -est) 1 large in size from one side to the other; wide 宽的; 阔的; 广的: a broad street, avenue, river, canal, etc 宽阔的街道、林荫道、河流、运河等* broad shoulders 宽 肩膀* He is tall, broad and muscular. 他身高肩宽, 肌肉发达. Cf 参看 narrow 1, thin 1. 2 (after a phrase expressing measurement 用于表示量度的词组之后) from side to side; in breadth 宽: a river twenty metres broad 一条二十米宽的河. 3 (of land or sea) covering a wide area; extensive （指陆地或海洋）辽阔的, 宽广的: a broad expanse of water 辽阔无际的水面* The broad plains of the American West. 美国西部辽阔的平原. * (fig 比喻) There is broad support for the Government's policies. 政府的政策得到广泛的拥护. 4 clear; obvious; unmistakable 清楚的; 明 显的; 无误的: a broad grin/smile 咧嘴而笑* The Minister gave a broad hint that she intends to raise taxes. 首相明白地暗示她打算提高税额. 5 [attrib 作定语] general; not detailed 大概的; 不 详细的; 粗略的: the broad outline of a plan, proposal, etc 计划、建议等的提纲* The negotiators reached broad agreement on the main issues. 谈判者在主要问题上基本达成协议. * She's a feminist, in the broadest sense of the word. 她大体上算是一个男女平等主义者. 6 (of ideas, opinions, etc) tolerant; liberal （指思想、意见等）宽宏的, 胸怀开阔的: a man of broad views 豁达大度的人. 7 (of speech) having many of the sounds typical of a particular region （指言语）方言腔调很重的: a broad Yorkshire accent 很重的约克郡口音. 8 indecent; coarse 下流的; 粗俗的: broad humour 粗 俗的幽默. 9 (idm 习语) (in) broad `daylight (in) the full light of day （在）光天化日; 大白天: The robbery occurred in broad daylight, in a crowded street. 在拥挤的街道上, 光天化日之下竟发生了 抢劫. broad in the `beam (infml 口) (of a person) rather fat round the hips （指人）臀部相当丰满的. it's as ,broad as it's `long (Brit infml 口) it makes no real difference which of two alternatives one chooses 在两者中选择哪一个并无实际分别; 横竖都一样. broaden / 5brR:dn; `brRdn/ v [I, Ip, Tn] ~ (out) (cause sth to) become broader （使某物）加宽; 变宽: He (ie His body) broadened out in his twenties. 他二十多岁时身躯变宽了. * The road broadens (out) after this bend. 经过这一弯处以后, 路就变宽了. * You should broaden your experience by travelling more. 你应该多到各地走走以增广见识. broadly adv 1 in a broad1(4) way 清楚地; 明显地; 无误地: smile/grin broadly 开怀地笑. 2 generally 一般地; 大体上; 概括地: Broadly speaking, I agree with you. 我大体上同意你的意见. broadness n. [U] = breadth. the Broads n. [pl] group of shallow lakes in E Anglia, popular for boating holidays 布罗兹区（英吉 利郡东部以度假划船胜地见称的浅湖区）: the Norfolk Broads 诺福克郡的布罗兹湖区. =>illus at App 1 见附录1 之插图, pages xiv, xv. broad bean ( a) type of bean with large flat edible seeds 蚕豆（植物）. (b) one of these seeds 蚕豆 （种子）. Broad Church group within the Church of England favouring a liberal interpretation of doctrine 广教会派（英国国 教中主张不拘泥于教条的派别）. broad jump ( US) = long jump (long). broad-minded adj. willing to listen to opinions different from one's own; not easily shocked; tolerant 愿意听取不同意见的; 心胸开阔的; 度量大的. broad-mindedness n. [U]. broadsword n. (formerly) large sword with a broad blade, used for cutting rather than stabbing （旧 时）（宽刃的）大砍刀. broad / brR:d; brRd/ n (US sl 俚) woman 女子. broadcast / 5brR:dkB:st; ?@ 5brR:dkAst; `brRd9kAst/ v (pt, pp broadcast) 1 (a) [Tn] send out (programmes) by radio or television （用无线电或电视）播送（节目）: broadcast the news, a concert, a football match 播送新闻、音乐演奏、足球比赛. (b) [I] send out radio or television programmes 播 送（无线电或电视）节目: The BBC broadcasts all over the world. 英国广播公司向全世界播送节 目. 2 [I] speak or appear on radio or television （在无线电或电视上）讲话或出现: He broad-casts on current affairs. 他发表时事广播演说. 3 [Tn] make (sth) widely known 宣布（某事物）: broadcast one's views 表明自己的观点. 4 [I, Tn] sow (seed) by scattering 撒播（种子）. broadcast n. radio or television programme （无线电或电视的）广播节目: a party political broadcast, eg before an election 某党派的政治广播节目（如选举前）* a broadcast of a football match 足球比赛的广播节目. broadcaster n. person who broadcasts 广播员: a well-known broadcaster on political/religious affairs 政治[宗教]事务的著名广播员. broadcasting n. [U] sending out programmes on radio or television （无线电或电视节目）广播: work in broadcasting 从事广播工作 * [attrib 作定语] the British Broadcasting Corporation, ie the BBC 英国广播公司. broadcloth / 5brR:dklCW; ?@ -klR:W; `brRd9klRW/ n [U] fine cloth of cotton, wool or silk （棉、毛 或丝织成的）细布. broadloom / 5brR:dlu:m; `brRd9lum/ n, adj (carpet) woven in broad widths 织成宽幅的（地毯）. broadsheet / 5brR:dFi:t; `brRd9Fit/ n 1 large sheet of paper printed on one side only with information or an advertisement, etc （单面印有信息、广告等的）大张印刷品. 2 newspaper printed on a large size of paper （大幅的）报纸. Cf 参看 tabloid. broadside / 5brR:dsaId; `brRd9saId/ n 1 (a) firing at the same time of all the guns on one side of a warship （战舰一侧的）舷炮齐发: fire a broadside 舷炮轰击. (b) (fig 比喻) fierce attack in words, either written or spoken （口头或书面的）猛烈抨击: The Prime Minister delivered a broadside at her critics. 首相对批评她的人进行了猛烈抨击. 2 side of a ship above the water （水面以上的）舷侧. 3 (idm 习语) broadside `on (to sth) (of a ship) with one side facing (sth); sideways on （指船）以侧 面对著（某物）: The ship hit the harbour wall broadside on. 这条船的侧面碰撞了港口岸壁. brocade / brE5keId; bro`ked/ n [C, U] fabric woven with a raised pattern, esp of gold or silver threads 浮花锦缎（尤指有金丝或银丝的）: [attrib 作定语] brocade curtains 织锦帘子. brocade v. [Tn] decorate (cloth) with raised patterns （织物上）织出浮花: a dress brocaded with floral designs 织有花卉图案的连衣裙. broccoli / 5brCkElI; `brBkElI/ n [U] type of cauliflower with many small greenish flower-heads, eaten as a vegetable 花椰菜; 花茎甘蓝. =>illus at cabbage 见cabbage 之插图. brochure / 5brEUFE(r); ?@ brEU5FUEr; bro`FJr/ n booklet or pamphlet containing information about sth or advertising sth （作介绍或宣传用的）小册子: a travel/holiday brochure 旅游[度假]指南. broderie anglaise / 9brEUdrI C:N5gleIz; bro`drI BN`-lez/ n [U] open embroidery on white linen, etc; cloth embroidered in this way 英格兰刺绣（在白亚麻布等上的剌绣）; 有英格兰剌绣的织物. brogue / brEUg; bro-/ n (usu pl 通常作复数) strong outdoor shoe with thick soles and a pattern in the leather （户外穿的结实的厚底）镂花皮鞋: a pair of brogues 一双镂花皮鞋. brogue / brEUg; bro-/ n (usu sing 通常作单数) strong regional accent, esp the Irish way of speaking English 土腔（尤指爱尔兰人说英语的腔调）: a soft Irish brogue 柔和的爱尔兰土腔. Cf 参看 accent 3, dialect. broil / brRIl; brRIl/ v 1 (esp US) (a) [Tn] cook (meat) on a fire or gridiron; grill （在火上或铁架上） 烧烤（肉类）; 炙: broil a chicken 烤鸡. (b) [I] be cooked in this way 烧; 烤. 2 [I, Tn] (cause sb to) be or become very hot （使某人感到）极热: sit broiling in the sun 坐在阳光下曝晒* a broiling day 炎热的一天. broiler n. young chicken reared for broiling or roasting （适于烧烤的）嫩鸡: [attrib 作定语] a broiler house, ie a building in which such chickens are kept and reared （饲养此类鸡的）鸡房. Cf 参 看 roaster (roast). broke pt of break1. broke / brEUk; brok/ adj 1 [pred 作表语] (infml 口) having no money; penniless; bankrupt 没有钱; 一个子儿也没有; 破产: Could you lend me 10? I'm completely broke! 你能借给我10 英镑吗? 我 一个钱也没有! 2 (idm 习语) flat/stony broke (infml 口) completely broke 穷到极点. go for broke (infml 口esp US) risk everything in one determined attempt at sth 孤注一掷. broken pp of break1. broken / 5brEUkEn; `brokEn/ adj 1 [usu attrib 通常作定语] not continuous; disturbed or interrupted 中断的; 受打搅的; 受干扰的: broken sleep 断断续续的睡眠* broken sunshine 时隐时现的阳光. 2 [attrib 作定语] (of a foreign language) spoken imperfectly; not fluent （指外语）蹩脚的, 不流利 的: speak in broken English 英语说得不流利. 3 (of land) having an uneven surface; rough （指地 面）凹凸不平的, 崎岖的: an area of broken, rocky ground 凹凸不平的、多岩石的地面. 4 [attrib 作定语] (of a person) weakened and exhausted by illness or misfortune （指人）因病或不幸而身心 衰竭: He was a broken man after the failure of his business. 他生意失败以后, 整个人一蹶不振. (idm 习语) a broken `reed person who has become unreliable or ineffective 不再可靠的人; 效率变 低的人. broken-down adj. in a very bad condition; worn out or sick 状况极坏的; 筋疲力尽的; 有病的: a ,broken-down old `car, `man, `horse 破损的旧汽车、心力交瘁的人、筋疲力尽的马. broken-hearted adj. overwhelmed by grief 心碎的; 伤心的; 悲哀的: He was broken-hearted when his wife died. 他在妻子死去时, 肝肠寸断. broken home family in which the parents have divorced or separated 破裂的家庭（双亲离婚或分居）: He comes from a broken home. 他来自一个破裂的家庭. broker / 5brEUkE(r); `brokL/ n 1 person who buys and sells things (eg shares in a business) for others; middleman 经纪人（如替人买卖股票的）; 中间人; 掮客: insurance broker 保险业经纪人. 2 = stockbroker (stock1). 3 official appointed to sell the goods of sb who cannot pay his debts 出售 无力偿债者财物的官员. brokerage / 5brEUkErIdV; `brokErIdV/ n [U] broker's fee or commission （中间人的）经手费、佣 金或回扣. brolly / 5brClI; `brBlI/ n (infml 口esp Brit) umbrella 伞. bromide / 5brEUmaId; `bromaId/ n 1 [C, U] chemical compound of bromine, used in medicine to calm the nerves 溴化物（用作镇静剂）. 2 [C] (infml 口) old, stale idea or statement 陈腐的想法 或言语. bromine / 5brEUmi:n; `bromin/ n [U] chemical element, a non-metallic liquid, compounds of which are used in medicine and photography 溴. =>App 10 见附录10. bronchial / 5brCNkIEl; `brBNkIEl/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] of or affecting the two main branches of the windpipe (bronchial tubes or bronchi) leading to the lungs 支气管的: bronchial asthma 支气管 哮喘* bronchial pneumonia 支气管肺炎. =>illus at respire 见respire 之插图. bronchitis / brCN5kaItIs; brBN`kaItIs/ n [U] inflammationof the mucous membrane inside the bronchial tubes 支气管炎. bronchitic / brCN5kItIk; brBN`kItIk/ adj suffering from or prone to bronchitis 患支气管炎的; 易患 支气管炎的. bronco / 5brCNkEU; `brBNko/ n (pl ~s) wild or half-tamed horse of the western US （美国西部的） 野马或半驯服的马. brontosaurus / 9brCntE5sR:rEs; 9brBntE`sRrEs/ n (pl ~es) large plant-eating dinosaur 雷龙（一种巨 大的食草恐龙）. Bronx cheer / 9brCNks 5tFIE(r); 9brBNks `tFIr/ (US infml 口) = raspberry 2. bronze / brCnz; brBnz/ n 1 [U] alloy of copper and tin 青铜（铜与锡的合金）: a statue (cast) in bronze 青铜像. 2 [U] colour of bronze; reddish-brown 青铜色; 赤褐色: tanned a deep shade of bronze 晒成了赤褐色. 3 [C] (a) work of art, eg a statue, made of bronze 青铜制艺术品（如铜像）: a fine collection of bronzes 一批珍藏的青铜制品. (b) = bronze medal. bronze v. [Tn esp passive 尤用于被动语态] make (sth) bronze in colour 使（某物）变成赤褐色: a face bronzed by the sun 被太阳晒成赤褐色的面孔. bronze adj. made of or having the colour of bronze 青铜制成的; 青铜色的: a bronze vase, statue, bowl, axe, etc 青铜制的花瓶、雕像、碗、斧等* the bronze tints of autumn leaves 秋天树叶的赤 褐色. the Bronze Age period when men used tools and weapons made of bronze (between the Stone Age and the Iron Age) 青铜器时代（介于石器时代与铁器时代之间）. bronze medal medal awarded as third prize in a competition or race （比赛获第三名奖给的）铜牌, 铜质奖章. brooch / brEUtF; brotF/ n ornament with a hinged pin and clasp, worn on women's clothes （女子衣物 上佩带的）饰针, 胸针. brood / bru:d; brud/ n [C, Gp] 1 all the young birds or other animals produced at one hatching or birth （一窝孵出的）幼鸟; （一次产出的）动物: a hen and her brood (of chicks) 母鸡和它的一窝 小鸡. 2 (joc 谑) family of children 一家的孩子: There's Mrs O'Brien taking her brood for a walk. 奥布赖恩太太领著她那群孩子散步呢. brood v. 1 [I] (of a bird) sit on eggs to hatch them （指鸟）孵雏. 2 [I, Ipr] ~ (on/over sth) think (about sth) for a long time in a troubled or resentful way 忧闷地沉思（某事物）: When he's depressed he sits brooding for hours. 他消沉的时候, 就坐著沉思几小时. * It doesn't help to brood on your mistakes. 对所犯的错误耿耿于怀是无济于事的. broody adj. (-ier, -iest) 1 (a) (of a hen) wanting to brood （指母鸡）要孵卵的. (b) (fig 比喻) (of a woman) badly wanting to have a baby （指妇女）迫切想有个孩子的. 2 (fig 比喻) moody; depressed 沮丧的; 抑郁的: Why are you so broody today? 你今天为什麽这样闷闷不乐? broodily adv. broodiness n. [U]. brood-mare n. mare kept for breeding 传种母马. brook / brUk; brJk/ n small stream 小溪. brook / brUk; brJk/ v [Tn, Tg, Tsg] (fml 文) (usu with a negative 通常与否定词连用) tolerate (sth); allow 忍受（某事物）; 容让: a strict teacher who brooks no nonsense from her pupils 不容学生胡 闹的严格的女教师* I will not brook anyone interfering with my affairs. 我决不让任何人干预我的 事. broom / bru:m; brum/ n [U] shrub with yellow or white flowers growing esp on sandy ground 金雀花 （多生长于沙地）. Bros abbr. 缩写 = (commerce 商) Brothers: Hanley Bros Ltd, Architects & Surveyors 汉利兄弟建 筑及测量有限公司. broth / brCW; ?@ brR:W; brRW/ n [U] 1 water in which meat, fish or vegetables have been boiled; stock （煮肉、鱼或蔬菜的）清汤; 原汤; 高汤. 2 soup made from this （以上述汤料做的）汤: Scotch broth 苏格兰汤. 3 (idm 习语) too many cooks spoil the broth => cook n. brothel / 5brCWl; `brBWEl/ n house where men pay to have sex with prostitutes 妓院. brother / 5brQTE(r); `brQTL/ n 1 man or boy having the same parents as another person 兄; 弟: my elder/younger brother 我的哥哥[弟弟] * Does she have any brothers or sisters? 她有兄弟姐妹吗? * Have you invited the Smith brothers to the party? 你邀请史密斯兄弟参加宴会了吗? * He was like a brother to me, ie very kind. 他待我像兄弟一样. =>App 8 见附录8. 2 person united with others by belonging to the same group, society, profession, etc 同志; 同人; 同行; 同业; 同事: We are all brothers in the same fight against injustice. 在共同反对非正义行为的斗争中, 我们都是同志. * [attrib 作定语] He was greatly respected by his brother doctors/officers. 与他共事的医生[军官]对 他非常尊敬. 3 (pl brethren/ 5breTrEn;`brZTrEn/) (a) (title of a) member of a religious order, esp a monk （同教会的）教友（的称呼）; （尤指）修士: Brother Luke will say grace. 卢克修士将做 感恩祷告. (b) member of certain evangelical Christian sects （基督教某些福音派的）教友: The Brethren hold a prayer meeting every Thursday. 教友每周四举行一次祷告会. 4 (idm 习语) brothers in `arms soldiers serving together, esp in wartime 战友. brother interj (esp US) (used to express irritation or surprise 用以表示恼怒或惊奇): Oh, brother! 嘿, 好家 伙! brotherhood / -hUd; -9hJd/ n 1 [U] (a) relationship of brothers 兄弟的关系: the ties of brotherhood 兄弟间的手足亲情. (b) comradeship; friendship between brothers 同志关系; 兄弟情谊: live in peace and brotherhood 和睦友好地生活. 2 [C, Gp] members of an association formed for a particular purpose, eg a religious society or socialist organization 全体志同道合者（如宗教社团或社 会主义组织中的）. brotherly adj. of or like a brother 兄弟的; 兄弟般的: brotherly love/affection/feelings 兄弟般的爱 [深情/感情]. brotherliness n. [U]. brother-in-law / 5brQTEr In lR:; `brQTEr In 9lR/ (pl -s-in-law/ 5brQTEz In lR:; `brQTLz In 9lR/) 1 brother of one's husband or wife 大伯子; 小叔子; 内兄; 内弟. 2 husband of one's sister 姐夫; 妹 夫. 3 husband of the sister of one's wife or husband 姐夫, 妹夫（妻子或丈夫的姐姐或妹妹的丈 夫）. =>App 8 见附录8. brougham / 5bru:Em; `bruEm/ n (formerly) four-wheeled closed carriage drawn by one horse （旧时） （一匹马拉的有车厢的）四轮马车. brought pt, pp of bring. brouhaha / 5bru:hB:hB:; ?@ 5bru:hB:hB:; `bruhBhB/ n [U] (infml 口) noisy excitement or commotion 喧嚷; 骚动. brow / braU; braJ/ n 1 (usu pl 通常作复数) = eyebrow. 2 = forehead: mop one's brow 擦前额. =>Usage at body 用法见body. 3 slope leading to the top (of a hill); edge (of a cliff) （山的）坡顶; （悬崖的）边缘: Our car stalled on the brow of a steep hill. 我们的汽车在山顶陡坡处抛锚了. 4 (idm 习语) knit one's `brow(s) => knit. browbeat / 5braUbi:t; `braJ9bit/ v (pt browbeat, pp browbeaten/ 5braUbi:tn; `braJ9bitn/) [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (into doing sth) frighten sb with stern looks and words; bully ; intimidate （以神情或言语）吓唬 某人; 欺侮; 威吓: The judge browbeat the witness. 那法官威吓证人. * I won't be browbeaten into accepting your proposals. 我不会在威迫之下接受你的提议. browbeaten adj. frightened through constant bullying （因不断受欺侮）害怕的: a poor, browbeaten little clerk 可怜的、被吓坏的小职员. brown / braUn; braJn/ adj (-er, -est) 1 having the colour of toasted bread, or coffee mixed with milk 褐色的; 棕色的: brown eyes 棕色的眼睛 * dark brown shoes 深褐色的皮鞋 * leaves turning brown in the autumn 秋天枯黄的树叶. 2 having skin of this colour; sun-tanned 棕色皮肤的; 太阳 晒黑的: He's very brown after his summer holiday. 他一暑假皮肤晒得黝黑. 3 (idm 习语) (as) brown as a `berry having skin tanned brown by the sun or the weather 皮肤晒得黝黑的. in a brown `study in deep thought; in a reverie 沉思; 默想; 出神. brown n. 1 [C, U] brown colour 棕色: leaves of various shades of brown 各种深浅不同的棕色 树叶. 2 [U] brown clothes 褐色衣物: Brown doesn't suit you. 你不适合穿褐色衣服. brown v. [I, Tn] 1 (cause sth to) become brown （使某物）变成褐色: Heat the butter until it browns. 把黄油加热, 直到变成褐色为止. * a face browned by the sun 太阳晒黑了的面孔. 2 (idm 习语) browned `off (infml 口esp Brit) bored; fed up; disheartened 厌烦的; 忍受够了的; 气 馁的: He's browned off with his job. 他厌烦他的工作. browning n. [U] substance for colouring gravy （调制肉汁的）棕色著色剂. brownish, browny adjs tending towards brown; fairly brown 带褐色的; 近棕色的. brown bread bread made with wholemeal flour 黑面包. brown paper strong coarse paper for wrapping parcels, etc （棕色的粗糙的）包装纸. brownstone n. [U] reddish-brown sandstone used for building （建筑用的）褐沙石. brown sugar sugar that is only partly refined 红糖; 黄糖. brownie / 5braUnI; `braJnI/ n 1 small good-natured fairy 棕仙（性情善良的小精灵）. 2 Brownie (also Brownie Guide) member of the junior branch of the Guides (who wear brown uniforms) （身著 褐色制服的）幼年童子军. 3 (esp US) small rich cake made with chocolate and nuts （带坚果的） 巧克力蛋糕. browse / braUz; braJz/ v 1 (a) [I] examine books in a casual, leisurely way 随意翻阅书刊; 浏览: browse in a library/bookshop 在图书馆[书店]里浏览书籍. (b) [Ipr] ~ through sth look through (a book, etc) in this way 浏览（书等）: browse through a magazine 浏览杂志. 2 [I] (of cows, goats, etc) feed by nibbling grass, leaves, etc （指牛、羊等）吃（草、树叶等）: cattle browsing in the fields 在 田间吃草的牛. browse n. (usu sing 通常作单数) (act or period of) browsing 浏览: have a browse in a bookshop 在书店浏览一段时间. bruise / bru:z; bruz/ n injury caused by a blow to the body or to a fruit, discolouring the skin but not breaking it 挫伤: He was covered in bruises after falling off his bicycle. 他从自行车上跌下来, 满身 青一块、紫一块. bruise v. 1 [Tn] cause a bruise or bruises on (sth/sb) 使（某物[某人]）受挫伤: He fell and bruised himself/his leg. 他跌倒后身体[腿]受了挫伤. * Her face was badly bruised in the crash. 她碰得鼻青 脸肿. 2 [I] show the effects of a blow or knock 显出击伤或碰伤: Don't drop the peaches they bruise easily. 桃儿容易碰伤--要轻拿轻放. * (fig 比喻) Don't hurt her feelings she bruises very easily. 别伤害她的感情--她很娇气. bruiser n. (infml 口) large strong tough man 彪形大汉: He looks a real bruiser. 他真像个彪形大汉. bruit / bru:t; brut/ v (phr v) ~ sth abroad/about (fml or joc 文或谑) spread (a rumour or report) 散布 （谣言或传言）: It's been bruited about that... 到处传播... * The news of the impending marriage was bruited abroad. 婚期临近的消息传遍了各处. brunch / brQntF; brQntF/ n [C, U] (infml 口esp US) late morning meal eaten instead of breakfast and lunch 早午餐（早餐和午餐并作一顿吃）. brunette / bru:5net; bru`nZt/ n white woman with dark-brown hair and (usu) darkish skin （生有深褐 色头发和通常为浅黑色皮肤的）白种女子. Cf 参看 blond. brunt / brQnt; brQnt/ n (idm 习语) bear the brunt of sth => bear2. brush / brQF; brQF/ n 1 [C] implement with bristles of hair, wire, nylon, etc set in a block of wood, etc and used for scrubbing, sweeping, cleaning, painting, tidying the hair, etc （用鬃毛、金属丝、尼 龙等制造的）刷子, 画笔, 毛笔: a `clothes-brush 衣刷* a `tooth-brush 牙刷* a `paintbrush 画笔 * a `hairbrush 发刷. =>illus 见插图. 2 [sing] act of brushing 刷: give one's clothes, shoes, teeth, hair a good brush 把自己的衣服、鞋、牙齿、头发好好刷一刷. 3 [sing] light touch (made in passing) （经过时）轻触: He knocked a glass off the table with a brush of his coat/arm. 他的大衣[手臂]把桌 上的玻璃杯碰掉了. 4 [C] fox's tail 狐狸尾巴. =>illus at App 1 见附录1 之插图, page iii. 5 [U] land covered by small trees and shrubs; undergrowth 灌木丛地带; 矮树丛: [attrib 作定语] a brush fire 灌木丛火灾. 6 [C] ~ with sb short unfriendly encounter with sb; quarrel 与某人有小冲突; 争 吵: a brush with the law/police 轻微的触犯法律[与警方有小冲突] * She had a nasty brush with her boss this morning. 今天早晨她跟老板大吵了一顿. 7 (idm 习语) tarred with the same brush => tar1. brushwood n. [U] 1 broken or cut branches or twigs （折断的或砍下的）树枝. 2 = brush1 5. brushwork n. [U] particular way in which an artist paints with a brush （画家的）笔法: Picasso's brushwork is particularly fine. 毕加索的笔法精妙绝伦. brush / brQF; brQF/ v 1 [Tn] use a brush on (sb/sth); clean, polish, make tidy or smooth with a brush 用刷子刷（某人[某物]）; 刷乾净; 刷亮; 刷整齐; 刷顺: brush your clothes, shoes, hair, teeth 刷你 的衣服、鞋、头发、牙齿. 2 [Cn.a] put (sth) into a particular state with a brush 把（某物）刷成某 种状态: brush one's teeth clean 把牙齿刷乾净. 3 [Tn] touch (sb) lightly in passing 经过时触及 （某人）: leaves brushing one's cheek 拂著面颊的树叶* His hand brushed hers. 他的手碰到她的 手. 4 (phr v) brush against/by/past sb/sth touch sb/sth lightly while moving close to him/it 接近某人 [某物]时轻轻相碰: She brushed past him without saying a word. 她经过时碰了他一下, 一句话也 没说. * A cat brushed against her leg in the darkness. 黑暗中, 一只猫蹭著了她的腿. brush sb/sth aside push sb/sth to one side; pay little or no attention to sb/sth 把某人[某事物]推在一边; 漠视某人: The enemy brushed aside our defences. 敌人冲破了我们的防御工事. * He brushed aside my objections to his plan. 我反对他的计划, 他不予理会. brush sth away/off remove sth (from sth) with or as if with a brush （从某事物上）刷去（或好像刷去）某事物: brush mud off (one's trousers) 把 （裤子上的）泥土刷掉* He brushed the fly away (from his face). 他把苍蝇（从脸上）赶走. brush oneself/sth down clean oneself/sth by thorough brushing 把自己[某物]刷乾净: Your coat needs brushing down. It's covered in dust. 你的大衣需要刷乾净, 上面满是灰尘. brush off be removed by brushing 被刷掉: Mud brushes off easily when it's dry. 泥土乾后容易刷掉. brush sb `off (infml 口) refuse to listen to sb; ignore sb 不理会某人; 漠视某人: He's very keen on her but she's always brushing him `off. 他非常喜爱她, 但她总是不理睬他. brush sth up/brush up on sth study or practise sth in order to get back a skill that was lost 重温, 重新练习（已荒疏的技巧）: I must brush up (on) my Italian before I go to Rome. 我去罗马以前必须把意大利语重温一下. brush-off n. (pl brush-offs) (infml 口) rejection; snub 拒绝; 怠慢: She gave him the brush-off. 她 给他来个不理睬. brush-up n. (pl brush-ups) 1 act of tidying one's appearance 打扮整洁. 2 act of studying to get back former skill 重新学习过去的技能: give one's Spanish a brush-up 重温西班牙语. brusque / bru:sk; ?@ brQsk; brQsk/ adj (of a person, his manner, etc) rough and abrupt; curt （指人及 人的举止等）粗暴和唐突, 无礼的: a brusque attitude 粗鲁的举止* His reply was brusque. 他的 回答很唐突. brusquely adv. brusqueness n. [U]. Brussels / 5brQslz; `brQslz/ adj [attrib 作定语] of or from Brussels in Belgium 比利时布鲁塞尔的; 从比利时布鲁塞尔来的: Brussels lace/carpets 布鲁塞尔花边[地毯]. Brussels sprout (also sprout) 1 type of cabbage with edible buds like tiny cabbages growing on its stem 汤菜; 抱子甘蓝. 2 (esp pl 尤作复数) one of these buds, eaten as a vegetable 汤菜（可食用的球芽）. =>illus at cabbage 见 cabbage 之插图. brutal / 5bru:tl; `brutl/ adj cruel; savage; merciless 残忍的; 野蛮的; 冷酷无情的: a brutal tyrant, dictator, murderer, etc 残忍的暴君、独裁者、谋杀犯等* a brutal attack, murder, punishment 野蛮 的进攻、谋杀、惩罚. brutality / bru:5tAlEtI; bru`tAlEtI/ n 1 [U] brutal behaviour; cruelty; savagery 野蛮的行为; 残忍; 野蛮. 2 [C] brutal act 暴行: the brutalities of war 战争的暴行. brutalize, -ise v. [Tn usu passive 通常用于被动语态] make (sb) brutal or insensitive 使（某人）变 得残酷无情: soldiers brutalized by a long war 因长期战争而变得残忍的士兵. brutally / 5bru:tElI; `brutlI/ adv. brute / bru:t; brut/ n 1 animal, esp a large or fierce one 野兽（尤指巨大或凶猛的）: That dog looks a real brute. 那条狗真像一只野兽. 2 (sometimes joc 有时作戏谑语) brutal and insensitive person 残忍及冷酷无情的人: His father was a drunken brute. 他的父亲是个酗酒成性、冷酷无情的人. * You've forgotten my birthday again, you brute! 你真没良心, 又把我的生日忘了! 3 unpleasant or difficult thing 令人不快或难办的事情: a brute of a problem 棘手的问题* This lock's a brute it just won't open. 这个锁真讨厌--就是打不开. brute adj. [attrib 作定语] not involving thought or reason; unthinking 无理性的; 无思想的: brute force/strength 暴力[蛮力]. brutish adj. of or like a brute 野兽的; 野兽般的: brutish behaviour, manners, etc 野兽般的行为 [举止]. brutishly adv. BS / 9bi: 5es; 9bi `Zs/ abbr 缩写 = 1 (US) Bachelor of Science 理学士. 2 (Brit) Bachelor of Surgery 外科学士: have/be a BS 有外科学士学位[为外科学士] * Tom Hunt MB, BS 汤姆·亨特医 学士, 外科学士. 3 (on labels, etc) British Standard (showing the specification number of the British Standards Institution) （标签等上的）英国标准（表明英国标准学会的规格编号）: produced to BS4353 按照英国标准规格编号4353 生产的. Cf 参看 AS2. BSc / 9bi: es 5si:; 9bi Zs `si/ (US BS) abbr 缩写= Bachelor of Science 理学士: have/be a BSc in Botany 有植物学理学士学位[为植物学理学士] * Jill Ayres BSc 吉尔·艾尔斯理学士. BSI / 9bi: es 5aI; 9bi Zs `aI/ abbr 缩写= British Standards Institution 英国标准学会. BST / 9bi: es 5ti:; 9bi Zs `ti/ abbr 缩写= British Summer Time 英国夏令时间. Cf 参看 GMT. Bt abbr. 缩写= Baronet: James Hyde-Stanley Bt 詹姆士·海德·斯坦利准男爵. BTA / 9bi: ti: 5eI; 9bi ti `e/ abbr 缩写 = British Tourist Authority 英国旅游管理局. Bthu (also Btu) abbr. 缩写= British thermal unit(s) 英国热量单位. bubble / 5bQbl; `bQbl/ n 1 floating ball formed of liquid and containing air or gas （液体形成的） 气泡: soap bubbles 肥皂泡* Children love blowing bubbles. 儿童爱吹泡泡. 2 ball of air or gas in a liquid or a solidified liquid such as glass （液体或由液体变成的固体, 如玻璃, 中存留的）气泡: Champagne is full of bubbles. 香槟酒有很多气泡. * This glass vase has a bubble in its base. 这个玻 璃花瓶底座里有一个气泡. 3 (idm 习语) prick the bubble => prick2. bubble v. 1 [I] (of a liquid) rise in or form bubbles; boil （指液体）起泡, 沸腾: stew bubbling in the pot 在锅里冒著泡的炖肉. 2 [I] make the sound of bubbles 发出气泡声: a bubbling stream/fountain 汩汩的溪流[泉水]. 3 [I, Ipr, Ip] ~ (over) (with sth) (fig 比喻) be full of (usu happy) feelings 充满（通常指喜悦的）感情: be bubbling (over) with excitement, enthusiasm, high spirits, etc 充满激动、兴奋、高昂等情绪. 4 (phr v) bubble along, out, over, up, etc move in the specified direction in bubbles or with a bubbling sound 向某方向汩汩地流动: a spring bubbling out of the ground 汩汩冒出地面的泉水* Gases from deep in the earth bubble up through the lake. 地下深处 的气体从湖底冒了出来. bubbly / 5bQblI; `bQblI/ adj (-ier, -iest) 1 full of bubbles 充满气泡的: bubbly lemonade 泡多的汽 水. 2 (fig approv 比喻, 褒) (usu of a woman) lively; vivacious; animated （通常指女子）活泼的, 快活的, 生气勃勃的: a bubbly personality 活泼的个性. n [U] (infml 口) champagne 香槟酒: Have some more bubbly! 再喝一些香槟酒吧! bubble and squeak cooked cabbage and potato mixed and fried 洋白菜煎土豆. bubble bath liquid, crystals or powder added to a bath to make it foam and smell pleasant （加进浴水中可产生泡 沫和香味的）泡沫液, 泡沫粒, 泡沫粉. bubble gum chewing-gum that can be blown into bubbles 泡泡糖（可吹成泡泡的口香糖）. bubonic plague / bju:9bCnIk 5pleIg; bju9bBnIk `ple-/ (also the plague) contagious, usu fatal, disease spread by rats, causing swellings in the armpits and groin, fever and delirium 腺鼠疫; 腹股沟淋巴结 鼠疫. buccaneer / 9bQkE5nIE(r); 9bQkE`nIr/ n 1 pirate 海盗. 2 unscrupulous and reckless person 肆无 忌惮的人. buck / bQk; bQk/ n 1 (pl unchanged or ~s 复数或不变或作bucks) male deer, hare or rabbit 雄鹿; 雄兔. Cf 参看stag 1. 2 (US sl derog 俚, 贬) [esp attrib 尤作定语] young Indian or Negro man 年轻的印第安人或黑人. buckskin n. [U] soft leather made from the skin of deer or goats, used for making gloves, bags, etc （鹿皮或羊皮所制成的）柔软皮革（用以制手套、皮包等）. buck-tooth n. (pl -teeth) projecting upper front tooth （突出的）上前牙; 獠牙. buck / bQk; bQk/ v 1 (a) [I] (of a horse) jump with the four feet together and the back arched （指 马）弓背跳跃. (b) [Tn, Tn.p] ~ sb (off) throw (a rider) to the ground by doing this （马弓背跳跃）将 （骑者）摔于地上. 2 [Tn] (US infml 口) resist or oppose (sb/sth) 反抗、反对（某人[某事]）: Don't try to buck the system. 不要反对这个制度. 3 (idm 习语) buck one's i`deas up (infml 口) become more alert; take a more serious and responsible attitude 打起精神; 认真负责. 4 (phr v) buck `up (infml 口) hurry 赶紧; 赶快: Buck up! We're going to be late. 快点儿! 我们快要晚了. buck (sb) up (infml 口) (cause sb to) become more cheerful （使某人）高兴起来, 打起精神来: The good news bucked us all up. 大家听了这个好消息都高兴起来. * Buck up! Things aren't as bad as you think. 打起精神来! 事情并非像你想的那麽糟. bucked adj. [pred 作表语] (infml 口esp Brit) pleased and encouraged 高兴; 受鼓舞: She felt really bucked after passing her driving test. 她驾驶测验合格后, 感到很高兴. buck / bQk; bQk/ n (US infml 口) US dollar 美元. =>App 4 见附录4. buck / bQk; bQk/ n 1 object formerly placed in front of a player whose turn it was to deal in poker （旧时扑克牌戏中, 轮到某牌手做庄时, 置于其前面的）庄家标志. 2 (idm 习语) the buck stops `here (catchphrase 警语) responsibility or blame is accepted here and cannot be passed on to sb else 责无旁贷（承担责任而不推诿给别人）. pass the buck => pass2. bucket / 5bQkIt; `bQkIt/ n 1 round open container with a handle for carrying or holding liquids, sand, etc （带提梁的）圆桶; 提桶: build sandcastles with a bucket and spade 用提桶和铁铲建造沙堆模 型城堡. =>illus 见插图. 2 (also `bucketful) amount a bucket contains 一桶的量; 一满桶: two buckets/bucketfuls of water 两桶[满桶]水. 3 scoop of a mechanical shovel, dredger, water-wheel, etc （挖土机、挖泥机上的）铲斗; （水轮机上的）戽斗等. 4 buckets [pl] large amounts (esp of rain or tears) 大量（尤指雨或泪）: The rain came down/fell in buckets. 大雨倾盆而下. * She wept buckets. 她泪如雨下. 5 (idm 习语) a drop in the bucket/ocean => drop1. kick the `bucket => kick1. bucket v. [I, Ip] ~ (down) (of rain) pour down heavily （指雨）倾盆而下: It/The rain bucketed down all afternoon. 瓢泼大雨下了一下午. bucket seat ( in a car or an aircraft) seat with a rounded back, for one person （汽车或飞机上的）凹 背单人坐具. bucket-shop n. (infml derog 口, 贬) unregistered business, esp one selling cheap airline tickets 无 照商号（尤指卖廉价机票的）. buckeye / 5bQkaI; `bQk9aI/ n (US) 1 horse-chestnut tree 七叶树. 2 its shiny reddish-brown nut （七叶树的）坚果（光滑, 呈红褐色）. buckle / 5bQkl; `bQkl/ n 1 metal or plastic clasp with a hinged spike for fastening a belt or straps （皮带等的）锁扣, 扣环. 2 ornamental clasp on a shoe （鞋上的）装饰扣. buckle v. 1 [I, Ip, Tn, Tn.p] ~ (sth) (up) fasten (sth) or be fastened with a buckle 用锁扣扣紧（某 物）: My belt is loose; I didn't buckle it up tightly enough. 我的腰带松了, 我没扣紧. * These shoes buckle at the side. 这鞋在侧面系扣. 2 [I, Tn] (cause sb/sth to) crumple or bend (usu because of pressure or heat) （使某人[某事物]）屈服, 顺从, 让步, 弄弯, 变形（通常因受力或受热所致）: The metal buckled in the heat. 金属因受热而变形. * The crash buckled the front of my car. 我的汽车前 部撞瘪了. * (fig 比喻) He's beginning to buckle under the pressure of work. 工作快要把他压垮了. 3 (phr v) buckle down to sth (infml 口) start sth in a determined way 下定决心做某事: She's really buckling down to her new job. 她埋头苦干做新工作. buckle sb in/into sth fasten sb in (a seat, etc) with a belt 用皮带把某人扣在（座位等）上: The parachutist was buckled into his harness. 跳伞者 扣上了背带. buckle (sth) on (cause sth to) be attached with a buckle （使某物）被锁扣扣住: a sword that buckles on 用锁扣扣住的剑* buckle on one's belt 把自己的皮带系紧. buckle `to (infml 口) (esp of a group) make a special effort (usu in the face of difficulties) （尤指集体）特别努力（通常 为面对困难时）: The children had to buckle to while their mother was in hospital. 孩子们因母亲住 院只好事事更加努力. buckram / 5bQkrEm; `bQkrEm/ n [U] stiff cloth used esp for binding books 硬布（尤用于装订书籍）. buckshee / 9bQk5Fi:; `bQk9Fi/ adj, adv (Brit sl 俚) free of charge 免费（的）: buckshee tickets 免费 票* travel buckshee 免费旅行. buckshot / 5bQkFCt; `bQk9FBt/ n [U] large size of lead shot1(5) for firing from shotguns （猎枪用 的）大号铅弹. buckwheat / 5bQkwi:t; ?@ -hwi:t; `bQk9hwit/ n [U] dark seeds of grain used for feeding horses and poultry 荞麦. buckwheat flour flour made from these seeds, used in US for breakfast pancakes 荞麦粉; 荞麦面. bucolic / bju:5kClIk; bju`kBlIk/ adj of country life or the countryside; rustic 乡村生活的; 田园生活 的. bucolics n. [pl] poems about country life 田园诗. bud / bQd; bQd/ n 1 small knob from which a flower, branch or cluster of leaves develops 花蕾; （枝叶的）芽: Buds appear on the trees in spring. 春天树木发芽了. 2 flower or leaf not fully open 未全开的花; 未长成的叶. =>illus at App 1 见附录1 之插图, page ii. 3 (idm 习语) (be) in bud having or sending out buds 含苞待放中; 萌芽中: The trees and hedgerows are in bud. 大树小树都 已长出嫩芽. nip sth in the bud => nip. bud v. (-dd-) [I] produce buds 发芽: The trees are budding early this year. 今年树木发芽早. budding adj beginning to develop well 开始发展的: a budding novelist, actor, sportsman, etc 崭露头 角的小说家、演员、运动员等. Buddhism / 5bUdIzEm; `bJdIzEm/ n [U] Asian religion based on the teachings of the N Indian philosopher Gautama Siddartha or Buddha 佛教. Buddhist / 5bUdIst; `bJdIst/ n, adj: a devout Buddhist 虔诚的佛教徒* Buddhist monks 佛教徒 * a Buddhist temple 佛教的寺院. buddy / 5bQdI; `bQdI/ n (infml 口 esp US) friend 朋友: Hi there, buddy! 嘿, 老兄! * He and I were buddies at school. 他和我求学时期是好朋友. budge / bQdV; bQdV/ v [I, Tn] (usu in negative sentences 通常用于否定句) 1 (cause sth to) move slightly （使某物）稍微移动, 动一动: My car's stuck in the mud, and it won't budge/I can't budge it. 我的汽车陷入泥中, 一动也不动[我无法使它移动]. 2 (cause sb to) change an attitude or opinion （使某人）改变态度或意见: Once he's made up his mind, he never budges/you can never budge him (from his opinion). 他一旦下了决心就毫不动摇[无法使他改变（意见）]. budgerigar / 5bQdVErIgB:(r); `bQdVErI9-Br/ n type of Australian parakeet, often kept as a cage-bird 澳洲长尾小鹦鹉; 虎皮鹦鹉. budget / 5bQdVIt; `bQdVIt/ n 1 (a) estimate or plan of how money will be spent over a period of time, in relation to the amount of money available 预算: a weekly budget 周预算. (b) annual government statement of a country's expenditure and how it will be financed 政府的年度预算: The Oxford Dictionary Translation memory software company ForeignDesk, Okapi Framework, OmegaT, Transolution, AidTransStudio, Cafetran, Déjà Vu (DVX), Heartsome Translation Suite, MemoQ, MetaTexis, Rainbow, SDLX, SDL, STAR Transit, Trados, SDL Trados, Wordfast, WordFisher, Similis, Open Language Tools http://www.transgood.com