TransGood-Translation memory software Trados, SDL, ForeignDesk, Wordfast, WordFisher, Déjà Vu (DVX), 译佳计算机辅助翻译软件, 雅信CAT TransGood, TransMemory, Translation Software Tools, Computer-assisted translation, computer-aided translation, CAT, machine-aided translation, Translation memory software, Terminology management software, Alignment software, Software localization tools, ?bersetzung Software, Logiciels de traduction, Software di traduzione, Traducción de Software, Mémoire de traduction, Tradu??o memória, Memoria de traducción, Memoria di traduzione, Перевод Software, ForeignDesk, Okapi Framework, OmegaT, Transolution, AidTransStudio, Cafetran, Déjà Vu (DVX), Heartsome Translation Suite, MemoQ, MetaTexis, Rainbow, SDLX, SDL, STAR Transit, Trados, SDL Trados, Wordfast, WordFisher, Similis, Open Language Tools, 翻訳ソフトウェア, 翻訳メモリ, 翻译软件 辅助翻译软件 计算机辅助翻译软件 人工智能翻译 翻译工具 专业翻译软件 翻译记忆软件 塔多思 Trados SDL WordFast 雅信CAT 翻译公司 牛津词典 Oxford Dictionary 的火焰* His heartbeat/pulse was unsteady. 他的心跳[脉搏]不规则. unsteadily / -IlI; -IlI/ adv: wobble, tilt, rock, sway, etc unsteadily 不稳定地摆动、倾倒、摇动、摇 摆等. unsteadiness n. [U]. unstinting / Qn5stIntIN; Qn`stIntIN/ adj ~ (in sth) givingfreely and generously 慷慨的; 大方的: unstinting generosity,support, praise 无比的慷慨、大力的支持、高度的赞扬* She was unstinting in her efforts to help. 她不遗余力地提供援助. unstintingly adj. unstop / 9Qn5stCp; Qn`stBp/ v (-pp-) [Tn] remove a blockage from (a waste-pipe) 除去（污水管）的 障碍: unstop a sink, toilet, drain, etc 疏通洗涤槽、抽水马桶、下水道等. unstoppable / Qn5stCpEbl; Qn`stBpEbl/ adj (esp infml 尤作口语) that cannot be stopped or prevented 无法停止的; 不能防止的: The Tories in their third term will be unstoppable. 保守党势必 接连第三届执政. unstuck / 9Qn5stQk; Qn`stQk/ adj 1 not stuck or glued on or together; detached 未粘住的; 未附著 的; 松开的: The (flap of the) envelope was unstuck. 信封（的封口）没粘住. 2 (idm 习语) ,come un`stuck (infml 口) be unsuccessful; fail 不成功; 失败: His plan to escape came badly unstuck. 他 想逃走的打算完全吹了. unstudied / 9Qn5stQdId; Qn`stQdId/ adj natural and unaffected 自然而不做作的: with ,unstudied `elegance, `grace, `charm, etc 以自然的文雅、优雅、魅力等. unsung / 9Qn5sQN; Qn`sQN/ adj (fml 文) not celebrated in poetry or song; unrecognized （在诗或歌 中）未赞颂的; 未获承认的: ,unsung `heroes 未受到颂扬的英雄* His exploits went unsung. 他的 英勇行为无人赏识. unsure / 9Qn5FR:(r); ?@ -5FUEr; Qn`FJr/ adj [pred 作表语] 1 ~ (of oneself) having little self-confidence 缺乏自信心: He's rather unsure of himself. 他对自己没有什麽信心. 2 ~ (about/of sth) not having certain knowledge (about sth) （对某事）不确知, 无把握: I'm unsure of the facts. 我 不能肯定事实是否如此. * We were unsure (about) who was to blame. 我们说不清该责怪谁. unsuspecting / 9QnsE5spektIN; 9QnsE`spZktIN/ adj feelingno suspicion; trusting 不坏疑的; 无猜疑 的; 可信任的: The murderer crept up on his unsuspecting victim. 那个杀人凶手悄悄逼近毫无戒备 之心的受害者. unswerving / Qn5sw\:vIN; Qn`sw[vIN/ adj ~ (in sth) steady or constant; unchanging 坚定的; 不改变 的: unswerving loyalty, devotion, belief, etc 始终不渝的忠诚、奉献、信念等* He is unswerving in pursuit of his aims. 他坚定地追求自己的目标. untangle / 9Qn5tANgl; Qn`tAN-l/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] free (sth) from knots, complexities, etc 解开（某物） 的结; 使不再打结、不再紊乱等: untangle knitting wool, electric flex 解开缠结的毛线、电线 * She untangled her hair from the hair-drier. 她把搅在吹风机上的头发松开了. * (fig 比喻) untangle a plot 理出头绪* I can't untangle these accounts/figures. 我算不清这些帐目[数字]. untapped / 9Qn5tApt; Qn`tApt/ adj not yet used or exploited 未使用的; 未开发的: an untapped source of wealth, talent, inspiration 未利用的财源、聪明才智、灵感* draw on untapped reserves of strength 动用未曾用过的后备力量. untenable / 9Qn5tenEbl; Qn`tZnEbl/ adj (of a theory, etc) that cannot be defended （指理论等）站不 住脚的, 不堪一击的: untenable arguments, claims, propositions, etc 站不住脚的论据、要求、主 张等* the untenable position of the Flat Earth Society ｀地球平面说学会＇的不堪一击的立论. unthinkable / 9Qn5WINkEbl; Qn`WINkEbl/ adj too unlikely or undesirable to be considered; inconceivable （因绝少可能或极不可取）不必考虑的; 难以想像的; 不可思议的: It is unthinkable that we should allow a nuclear holocaust to occur. 我们若竟让核武器大屠杀的惨剧发生, 简直是匪 夷所思. unthinking / 9Qn5WINkIN; Qn`WINkIN/ adj said, done, etc without proper consideration; thoughtless 考虑不周的; 未经思考的: unthinking remarks, criticisms 失慎的言语、批评 * Unthinking, he threw his lighted match into the waste-paper basket. 他想也没想就把燃著的火柴扔进了废纸篓里 了. unthinkingly adv. untidy / Qn5taIdI; Qn`taIdI/ adj (-ier, -iest) not neat or orderly 不整齐的; 凌乱的: an untidy desk, kitchen, cupboard, etc 凌乱的书桌、厨房、橱柜等* untidy hair,writing 蓬乱的头发、潦草的 字迹* He's an untidy worker; he leaves his tools everywhere. 他干活儿毫无条理, 工具随处乱扔. untidily / -IlI; -IlI/ adv. untidiness n. [U]. until / En5tIl; En`tIl/ (also till) (till more informal; until usu preferred in initial position *till 多用于口 语; until 通常用于句首) conj up to the time when 直到...时（为止）: Wait until the rain stops. 等到 雨停了再说吧. * Don't leave till I arrive. 我不来你不要离开. * Continue in this direction until you see a sign. 一直朝著这个方向走就看见指示牌了. * Until she spoke I hadn't realized she was foreign. 她要不说话我还一直不知道她是外国人. * I won't stop shouting until you let me go. 你不 放我走我就一直喊叫. * No names are being released until (ie before) the relatives have been told. 只 有在通知这些人的亲属以后才可透露其姓名. until (also till) prep. (a) up to (a specified time) 直到（某一时刻）: wait until tomorrow 等到明天 * It maylast till Friday. 这可能要延续到星期五. * Nothing happeneduntil (ie before) 5 o'clock. 五点 钟以前没有出现任何迹象. * The street is full of traffic from morning till night. 这条街从早到晚行 人车辆很多. * Until now I have always lived alone. 我一直独自生活至今. * I'd like to stay here up until Christmas. 我想在这儿呆到圣诞节. (b) up to the time of (a specified event) 直到（发生某事）: The secret was never told until after the old man's death. 这个秘密在老人去世后才说出来. * Don't open it till your birthday. 等到你过生日那天再打开. * She was a bank clerk until the war, when she trained as a nurse. 她战前是个银行职员, 战时受训当了护士. untimely / Qn5taImlI; Qn`taImlI/ adj 1 happening at an unsuitable time 不适时的; 不合时宜的: an untimely arrival, remark, intervention 不合时宜的到达、言语、干涉. 2 happening too soon or sooner than normal 过早的; 比正常情况早的: her untimely death at 25 她25 岁时英年早逝. untimeliness n. [U]. untiring / Qn5taIErIN; Qn`taIrIN/ adj ~ (in sth) (approv 褒) continuing to work, etc at the same rate without showing tiredness 不知疲倦的; 坚持不懈的: untiring campaigners for peace 为争取和平不 懈努力的人* She is untiring in her efforts to help the homeless. 她帮助无家可归的人从不言倦. untiringly adv. untold / 9Qn5tEUld; Qn`told/ adj 1 not told 未说过的; 未叙述过的; 未透露的: Her secret remains untold to this day. 她的秘密至今仍未透露. 2 [attrib 作定语] (esp derog 尤作贬义) too many or too much to be counted, measured, etc 多得数不清或算不清的; 无数的; 无限的: ,untold `suffering, `damage, `cruelty 罄竹难书的苦难、损害、残忍* a man of ,untold `wealth 腰缠万贯 的男子*,untold `thousands, `millions, etc, ie of pounds 数不清的以千、百万等计的（英镑）. untouchable / Qn5tQtFEbl; Qn`tQtFEbl/ n, adj (in India) (member) of a Hindu social class (caste) whose touch is regarded as defiling to other higher classes （印度的）不可接触的, 不可接触者（种 姓制度中最低层的人）. untoward / 9QntE5wR:d; ?@ Qn5tR:rd; Qn`tRrd/ adj (fml 文) inconvenient or unfortunate; awkward 不便的; 不幸的; 造成困难的: untoward incidents, developments, discoveries 不妙的事情、变化 状况、发现* I'll come if nothing untoward happens. 我要是没有特殊情况一定来. untrammelled (US also untrammeled) / Qn5trAmld; Qn`trAmld/ adj (fml 文) not hampered 不受阻 碍的; 不受束缚的: a life untrammelled by responsibilities 无责任而一身轻的生活. untried / 9Qn5traId; Qn`traId/ adj not yet tried or tested 未曾尝试的; 未经试验或检验的: ,untried `products, `systems, `methods 未经检验的产品、装置、方法. untrue / 9Qn5tru:; Qn`tru/ adj 1 not true; contrary to fact 不真实的; 违反事实的; 假的. 2 ~ (to sb/sth) (fml 文) not loyal 不忠诚的; 不忠实的: She was untrue (ie unfaithful) to him. 她对他不忠 实. untruth / 9Qn5tru:W; Qn`truW/ n 1 [C] (pl ~s / -5tru:Tz;-`truTz/) (fml euph 文, 婉) untrue statement; lie 谎言; 假话: tell patent (ie obvious) untruths 显然说谎. 2 [U] lack of truth 不真实; 虚假. untruthful / Qn5tru:Wfl; Qn`truWfEl/ adj. untruthfully / -fElI; -fElI/ adv. unturned / 9Qn5t\:nd; Qn`t[nd/ adj (idm 习语) leave no stone unturned => leave1. untutored / 9Qn5tju:tEd; ?@ -5tu:-; Qn`tutLd/ adj (fml or joc 文或谑) untaught or untrained; unsophisticated 未受教导的; 未经训练的; 简单而自然的: To my untutored ear, your voice sounds almost professional. 照我这外行人听来, 你的嗓音差不多够专业水平了. unused / 9Qn5ju:zd; Qn`juzd/ adj never having been used 未曾使用过的: an unused envelope, postage stamp 未用过的信封、邮票. unused / 9Qn5ju:st; Qn`just/ adj [pred 作表语] ~ to sth/sb unaccustomed to or unfamiliar with (sth/sb) 不习惯; 不熟悉: The children are unused to city life/to living in a city. 这些孩子不习惯城市生活. unusual / Qn5ju:Vl; Qn`juVEl/ adj 1 rare or exceptional 罕有的; 异乎寻常的: This bird is an unusual winter visitor to Britain. 这种鸟很少冬季到英国来. * It's unusual for him to refuse a drink. 给他酒他不喝, 这事可新鲜. 2 (esp approv 尤作褒义) remarkable because different; distinctive 独特的; 与众不同的: The Lloyds building is nothing if not (ie is very) unusual. 劳埃德大楼别具一 格. unusually / -VElI; -VElI/ adv exceptionally or extremely 异常地; 极端地: an unusually high rainfall for January 一月份异常高的降雨量* Unusually for him, he wore a tie. 他系了一条领带, 这可真少见. unutterable / Qn5QtErEbl; Qn`QtErEbl/ adj [attrib 作定语] (fml 文) too great, intense, etc to be expressed in words （因过大、过强烈等）无法用言语表达的: unutterable pain, delight, boredom, relief, etc 不可言状的痛苦、欢愉、厌倦、宽慰等* He's an unutterable bore. 他这个人讨厌透 了. unutterably / -EblI; -EblI/ adv: unutterably foolish 愚蠢透顶. unvarnished / Qn5vB:nIFt; Qn`vBrnIFt/ adj [attrib 作定语] 1 not varnished 未涂清漆的. 2 (fig 比喻) (of a statement, etc) basic or straightforward （指陈述等）不加修饰的, 基本的, 直率的: the plain unvarnished truth 直言无隐的实情* give an unvarnished account of what happened 如实叙 述发生的事. unveil / 9Qn5veIl; Qn`vel/ v 1 [I, Tn] remove one's veil; remove a veil from (sth/sb) 除去面纱; 揭 去（某物[某人]）的面纱或遮盖物. 2 [Tn] (a) remove a cloth, etc from (sth), esp as part of a public ceremony 除去（某物）的幕布等; （尤指）为（某事物）揭幕: unveil a statue, monument, plaque, portrait, etc 揭去雕像、纪念碑、牌匾、肖像等的幕布. (b) show or announce (sth) publiclyfor the first time 首次公开、揭露或展示（某事物）: unveilnew models at the Motor Show 在汽车展览会 上首次展出若干新型汽车* She unveiled her plans for reform. 她首次公开了她的改革计画. unversed / 9Qn5v\:st; Qn`v[st/ adj ~ in sth (fml 文) not experienced or skilled in sth 无经验的; 无技 能的; 不熟练的: foreigners unversed in the British way of life 不熟悉英国生活方式的外国人 * unversed in social etiquette 不谙社交礼仪. unvoiced / 9Qn5vRIst; Qn`vRIst/ adj (of thoughts, etc) not expressed or uttered （指想法等）未表达 的, 未说出的: an ,unvoiced `protest, `doubt, suspicion 内心的抗议、疑问、怀疑. unwaged / 9Qn5weIdVd; Qn`wedVd/ adj (Brit euph 婉) having no regular paid employment 无工资 收入的; 无固定报酬的: Unwaged members pay a lower entrance fee. 无固定收入的人入场费从优. the unwaged n. [pl v]: half-price tickets for the unwaged （无工资收入者用的）半价票. unwanted / 9Qn5wCntId; Qn`wBntId/ adj not wanted 不想要的; 无人要的; 不该有的: an ,unwanted `pregnancy 不希望有的怀孕* feel unwanted 觉得成为多余者. unwarrantable / Qn5wCrEntEbl; ?@ -5wR:r-; Qn`wRrEntEbl/ adj (fml 文) unjustifiable 无正当理由 的; 无法证明为正当的: Their intrusion into our private lives is unwarrantable. 他们侵扰我们的私 生活是毫无道理的. unwarranted / Qn5wCrEntId; ?@ -5wR:r-; Qn`wRrEntId/ adj unjustified or unauthorized 未证实为 正当的; 未经授权的: unwarranted fears, doubts, misgivings, etc 不合情理的恐惧、怀疑、担忧等. unwary / Qn5weErI; Qn`wZrI/ adj not cautious or aware of possible danger, etc; not vigilant 无警惕 的; 不警觉的: Pot-holes can be lethal for the unwary cyclist. 路上的坑坑洼洼骑车的人一不小心就 有致命危险. the unwary n. [pl v]: Small print in documents can contain traps for the unwary. 文件中的小号印刷 字体可能藏有给粗心人设下的陷阱. unwarily / -IlI; -IlI/ adv. unwariness n. [U]. unwholesome / 9Qn5hEUlsEm; Qn`holsEm/ adj 1 harmful to health or to moral well-being 不卫生 的; 有害身心健康的: an unwholesome climate 有害健康的气候* unwholesome food 不卫生的食 物* unwholesome reading for a child 对儿童身心健康有害的读物. 2 unhealthy-looking 看上去 不健康的: an unwholesome complexion 不健康的面色. unwieldy / Qn5wi:ldI; Qn`wildI/ adj awkward to move or control because of its shape, size or weight （因形状、大小或重量的关系）不便移动或操纵的, 笨拙的, 不灵便的: long, unwieldy punt poles 长的、使用不便的撑船篙* (fig 比喻) the unwieldy bureaucracy of centralized government 中央集 权政府动转不灵的官僚体制. unwieldiness n. [U]. unwilling / Qn5wIlIN; Qn`wIlIN/ adj not willing or inclinedto do sth; reluctant 不愿意的; 不情愿的; 勉强的: unwillingvolunteers, victims, accomplices 迫不得已的志愿者、牺牲者、从犯 * my unwilling participation in the scheme 我不得已参加这个计画* I was unwilling to co-operate without having more information. 我不想在了解不足的情况下参与合作. unwillingly adv: agree unwillingly to a request 勉强答应一个要求. unwind / 9Qn5waInd; Qn`waInd/ v (pt, pp unwound /- 5waUnd; -`waJnd/) 1 [I, Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (from sth) (cause sth to) become drawn out from a roll, ball, etc （使某物）从卷状或团状等展开; 解 开（卷绕之物）: unwind a ball of string, a reel of thread, a roll of bandage, etc 解开一团细绳、一 卷线、一卷带等* He unwound the scarf from his neck. 他从脖子上解下围巾. 2 [I] (infml 口) relax after a period of work or tension （工作或紧张之后）放松, 松弛: Reading is a good way to unwind. 阅读是休息的好方式. * After a few drinks, he began to unwind, ie to talk more freely. 他喝 了几杯酒, 话就多起来了. unwise / 9Qn5waIz; Qn`waIz/ adj not wise; foolish 不聪明的; 不明智的; 愚蠢的: an ,unwise de`cision, `move, `step, etc 不智的决定、行动、步骤等* It was unwise (of you) to reject his offer. （你）回绝他的好意, 这事办的可不聪明. unwisely adv. unwitting / Qn5wItIN; Qn`wItIN/ adj [attrib 作定语] (fml 文) 1 not knowing or aware 不知道的; 未察觉的; 未意识到的: an unwitting carrier of stolen goods 不知就里而携赃物的人. 2 not intentional 无意的; 非故意的; 不知不觉的: my unwitting interruption of their private conversation 我无意中打断他们的私下谈话. unwittingly adv: If I offended you it was unwittingly. 要是我冒犯了您, 也是无心之失. unwonted / Qn5wEUntId; Qn`wontId/ adj (fml 文) not customary or usual 非惯常的; 不寻常的; 异 常的; 罕见的: an unwonted intrusion, interruption 异乎寻常的闯入、打扰. unworkable / 9Qn5w\:kEbl; Qn`w[kEbl/ adj not practicalor feasible 不实用的; 不可行的; 行不通的: an unworkableplan, proposal, scheme, etc 不切实际的计画、建议、方案等. unworldly / 9Qn5w\:ldlI; Qn`w[ldlI/ adj spiritually-minded; not worldly 著重精神生活的; 非世俗的; 非尘世的; 超凡的: an unworldly man, outlook, idealism 超凡脱俗的男子、观点、理想主义. unworldliness n. [U]. unworthy / Qn5w\:TI; Qn`w[TI/ adj 1 lacking worth or merit 无价值的; 没有优点的: fighting for an unworthycause 为不值得的事而争斗. 2 ~ (of sth) not deserving 不值得的; 不应得的: trivia unworthy of your attention 不值得您费心的琐事* I am unworthy of such an honour. 我不配获得 这样的荣誉. 3 ~ (of sb/sth) not befitting the character of sb/sth 不适宜的; 不相称的: conduct unworthy of a decent citizen 正直的公民不应有的行为. unworthily / -IlI; -IlI/ adv. unworthiness n. [U]. unwound pt, pp of unwind. unwritten / 9Qn5rItn; Qn`rItn/ adj not written down 未写下的; 不成文的. an unwritten law/`rule law/rule that is based on custom and practice, but is not written down 不成文法[规定]. unyielding / Qn5ji:ldIN; Qn`jildIN/ adj ~ (in sth) not giving way to pressure or influence, etc; firm （在压力和影响下）不弯曲或不让步的; 坚固的: The mattress was hard and unyielding. 这床垫很 硬, 没有弹性. * (fig 比喻) unyielding in her opposition to the plan 她对该计划之坚决反对. fed up / 9fed 5Qp; 9fZd `Qp/ adj [pred 作表语] ~ (about/with sb/sth) (infml 口) tired or bored; unhappy or depressed 厌倦; 厌烦; 不愉快; 沮丧: What's the matter? You look pretty fed up. 怎麽 啦? 你显得那麽不高兴. * I'm fed up with waiting for her to telephone. 我等她的电话都等得不耐 烦了. pent up / 9pent 5Qp; `pZnt`Qp/ adj (of feelings) not expressed; repressed （指感情）不流露的, 被抑 制的: feelings that have been pent up for too long 岩止　玫母星?* ,pent-up `anger, emotion, frustration, etc 郁结的愤懑、情感、沮丧等. up / Qp; Qp/ adv part (For special uses with many vs, eg pick sth up, wind sth up, screw sth up, see the v entries 可与许多动词连用, 如pick sth up 、 wind sth up 、screw sth up, 其释义见各动词词条.) 1 (a) to or in an upright position (esp one suggesting readiness for activity) 趋于或处于直立的姿势 或位置（尤含准备活动之意）: I stood up to ask a question. 我站起来提一个问题. * He jumped up (ie to a standing position) from his chair. 他突然从椅子上站了起来. Cf 参看down1 1. (b) not in bed 不在床上: Is Peter up (ie Has he got out of bed) yet? 彼得起床了吗? * I was up late (ie didn't go to bed until late) last night. 我昨天很晚才睡. * It's time to get up! 该起床了! * I was up all night with a sick child. 我陪伴著生病的孩子彻夜未眠. 2 to or in a higher place, position, condition, degree, etc 趋于或处于较高的地方、位置、条件、程度等: Lift your head up. 把头抬起来. * Pull your socks up. 加把劲儿. * He lives three floors up. 他住在往上数第三层楼. * Prices are still going up, ie rising. 物价仍在上涨. * Put the packet up on the top shelf. 把这个包放到架子顶格上去. * The sun was coming up (ie rising) as we left. 我们离开时, 太阳正在升起. * We were two goals up (ie ahead of the other team) at half-time. 我们在上半场赢了（领先于对方）两个球. Cf 参看 down1 2. 3 ~ (to sb/sth) so as to be close (to a specified person or thing) 靠近（某人或某物）: He came up (to me) and asked the time. 他走到我跟前问我什麽时间了. * She went straight up to the door and knocked loudly. 她径直走到门口重重地敲门. * A car drove up and he got in. 一辆汽车开来, 他上 了车. 4 (a) to or in an important place (esp a large city) 朝著重要地方或在重要地方（尤指大城 市）: go up to London for the day 今天上伦敦去* They're up in London. 他们在伦敦. * [attrib 作 定语] The up train (ie The train to London) leaves every hour. 上行火车（开往伦敦的火车）每小时 一班. (b) (Brit) to or in a university (esp Oxford or Cambridge) 朝著大学或在大学（尤指牛津或剑 桥）: She is going up to Oxford in October. 她在十月份要上牛津大学. * He's up at Cambridge. 他 在剑桥大学. (c) to or up prep. 1 to or in a higher position on (sth) 向著或在（某物）的较高处: run up the stairs 跑上 楼* further up the valley 向山谷高处* walk up (ie along) the road 沿著路走* sail up a river, ie against the current 向上游航行（逆流行驶）. 2 (idm 习语) up and down sth backwards and forwards on sth 在某物上面来来去去: walking up and down the platform 在站台上走来走去. ,up `yours! (Brit sl 讳, 俚) (used to express extreme anger, disgust, annoyance, etc towards a person 用以表示对某人极端愤怒、厌恶、气恼等). up v. (-pp-) 1 [I] (infml or joc 口或谑) (followed by and and another v 后接and 及另一动词) get or jump up; rouse oneself 起来; 跳起; 奋起: She upped and leftwithout a word. 她一言不发站起来 就走了. 2 [Tn] (infml 口) increase (sth) 增加（某事物）: up the price 涨价* up an offer 提高出 价. 3 (idm 习语) ,up `sticks move with all one's possessions to live and work in another place 携全 部财产迁往另一处生活和工作. up n. 1 [sing] part of a ball's path in which it is still moving upwards after bouncing on the ground （球著地后的）弹起: Try to hit the ball on the up. 要在球弹起时击球. 2 (idm 习语) ,ups and `downs alternate good and bad luck 幸运与不幸的交替: He stuck by her through all life's ups and downs. 他对她始终不渝, 同甘共苦. up-and-coming adj. (infml 口) (of a person) making good progress; likely to succeed (esp in a career) （指人）进步很大的, 很可能成功的（尤指在事业上）: an ,up-and-coming young `barrister 年轻有为的讼务律师. up- pref. 前缀(with ns, vs and their related forms 与名词、动词及其相关形式结合) higher 更高: upheaval * upland * upgrade. up-country / 9Qp5kQntrI; `Qp`kQntrI/ adj, adv (esp in large thinly-populated countries) in or towards the interior （尤指地广人稀的地区）在内地（的）, 向内地（的）: ,up-country `districts 内陆区 域* travel up-country 往内地之行. up-end / 9Qp5end; Qp`Znd/ v [I, Tn] rise or set (sth) up on its end 上下颠倒著放（某物）; 使（某物） 倒立: I up-ended the crate and sat on it. 我把板条箱倒过来坐. up-market / 9Qp5mB:kIt; 9Qp`mBrkEt/ adj (of products, services, etc) designed to appeal to or satisfy people in the upper social classes （指商品、服务等）高级的, 高档的. Cf 参看 down-market. up-to-date / 9Qp tE 5deIt; `QptE`det/ adj [attrib 作定语]1 modern or fashionable 现代的; 新式 的: ,up-to-date `clothes, ideas, `books 新潮衣物、新思想、最新图书. 2 having or including the most recent information 包含最新信息的: an ,up-to-date `dictionary, report 最新的词典、报告. up-to-the-minute / 9Qp tE TE 5mInIt; 9QptETE`mInIt/ adj [attrib 作定语] 1 very modern or fashionable; very up-to-date 最现代化的; 最新式的. 2 having or including the most recent information possible 包含最新信息的: an ,up-to-the-minute account of the `riots 关于骚乱的最新 报道. upbeat / 5Qpbi:t; `Qp9bit/ n (music 音) unaccented beat, esp at the end of a bar, shown by the conductor's baton moving upwards 上拍; 弱拍. Cf 参看 downbeat. upbeat adj. (fig 比喻) optimistic or cheerful 乐观的; 快乐的. upbraid / 9Qp5breId; Qp`bred/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (for sth) (dated or fml 旧或文) scold or reproach sb 责骂或申责某人: upbraid sb for wrongdoing, incompetence, etc 申斥某人干了坏事、不称职等. upbringing / 5QpbrININ; `Qp9brININ/ n (usu sing 通常作单数) treatment and education during childhood 儿童期的教养; 抚育; 养育: a strict religious upbringing 幼年时严格的宗教教育 * The twins had different upbringings. 这一对孪生儿幼时受的教育不同. * Her country upbringing explains her love of nature. 她是在乡村长大的, 所以非常热爱大自然. update / 9Qp5deIt; Qp`det/ v 1 [Tn] bring (sth) up to date; modernize 更新（某事物）; 使现代化: update a dictionary, file, law 修订词典、档案、法律* update production methods, computer systems 更新生产方法、计算机设备. 2 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (on sth) give sb the latest information (about sth) 向某人提供最新信息: I updated the committee on our progress. 我向委员会报告了我 们的进展情况. update / 5QpdeIt; `Qpdet/ n act of updating 更新; 现代化; 提供最新信息: Maps need regular updates. 地图需要经常修订. * an update on the political situation 对政局新的认识. upgrade / 9Qp5greId; 9Qp`-red/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth (to sb/sth) raise sb/sth to a higher grade or rank 提高某人[某事物]的级别或等级: She was upgraded to (the post of) sales director. 她已提升为销售 部主任. * The consulate was upgraded to embassy status. 该领事馆已升格为大使馆. Cf 参看 downgrade. upgrade / 5QpgreId; `Qp9-red/ n (US) upward slope 向上的斜坡. upheaval / Qp5hi:vl; Qp`hivl/ n (a) sudden violent upwardmovement （突然而猛烈的）向上的运动: volcanic upheavals 火山的爆发. (b) (fig 比喻) sudden violent change or disturbance 激变; 剧变; 动乱: political, social upheavals 政治的、社会的动乱* Moving house causes such an upheaval. 搬 家引起了这麽大的变化. uphill / 9Qp5hIl; `Qp`hIl/ adj 1 sloping upwards; ascending 上坡的; 向上的: an ,uphill `road, `climb 上坡路、向上的攀登* The last mile is all uphill. 最后一英里全是上坡路. 2 [attrib 作定 语] (fig 比喻) needing effort; difficult 费力的; 艰难的: It's uphill work learning to ride. 学骑马是 件难事. * an ,uphill `task/`struggle 艰巨的任务[斗争]. uphill adv up a slope 上坡: walk uphill 走上坡路. uphold / 9Qp5hEUld; Qp`hold/ v (pt, pp upheld / -5held;-`hZld/) [Tn] 1 support (a decision, etc) against attack 维护, 支持（决定等）: uphold a verdict, policy, principle 支持某项裁决、政策、原 则. 2 maintain (a custom, etc) 维持, 保持（习俗等）: uphold ancient traditions 保持古老的传统. upholster / 9Qp5hEUlstE(r); Qp`holstL/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (in/with sth) provide (an armchair, etc) with padding, springs, fabric covering, etc 给（单座沙发等）装上垫子、弹簧、布面等: upholster a sofa in leather 给长沙发装上皮革面* upholstered in/with velvet 装上天鹅绒面的. upholsterer / -stErE(r); -stErL/ n person whose trade is to upholster furniture 家具装饰用品商. upholstery / -stErI; -stErI/ n [U] 1 trade of an upholsterer 家具装饰用品业. 2 materials used in this trade 家具装饰材料. UPI / 9ju: pi: 5aI; 9ju pi `aI/ abbr 缩写= United Press International 合众国际社. upkeep / 5Qpki:p; `Qp9kip/ n [U] (cost or means of) keeping sth in good condition and repair; maintenance 保养; 维修; 养护; 维护费; 维修方法: I can't afford the upkeep of a large house and garden. 我负担不起带花园的大房子的维护费. upland / 5QplEnd; `QplEnd/ n (often pl 常作复数) higher or inland parts of a country （一国的）高 地, 内陆地区: the barren upland(s) of central Spain 西班牙中部的贫瘠高地 * [attrib 作定语] an upland region 高地区域. uplift / 9Qp5lIft; Qp`lIft/ v [Tn] (usu fig 通常作比喻) raise (sb/sth), esp spiritually, morally or emotionally 提高、抬高或鼓舞（某人[某事物]）（尤指在精神、道德或情绪方面）: with uplifted hands 双手高举著* an uplifting sermon 鼓动人心的讲道. uplift / 5QplIft; `Qp9lIft/ n [U] spiritual, moral or emotionally elevating influence （精神、道德或 情绪方面的）振作、振奋或提高: Her encouragement gave me a great sense of uplift. 她鼓励我激 发了我的上进心. upon / E5pCn; E`pBn/ prep 1 (fml 文) = on2 1, 4b, 9, 10, 13. 2 (idm 习语) once upon a time => once. (almost) u`pon him, them, us, etc (of a time in the future) rapidly approaching （指将来的某一 时刻）迅速接近: Christmas is almost upon us again. 圣诞节又快到了. upper / 5QpE(r); `QpL/ adj [attrib 作定语] 1 higher in place or position; situated above another (esp similar) part （位置或地位）较高的; 位于另一（尤指相似的）部分之上的: the upper lip, arm, jaw 上唇、上臂、上颌* one of the upper rooms, floors, windows 楼上的一个房间、上面的一层楼、 上方的一个窗户* temperatures in the upper sixties, ie between 65°F and 70°F 介于华氏65 度至 70 度之间的温度. 2 situated on higher ground or to the north or far inland 位于高地的; 靠北的或 深入内陆的: Upper Egypt, ie the part furthest from the Nile delta 上埃及地区（距尼罗河三角洲最 远的部分）* the upper (reaches of the) Thames 泰晤士河的上游. 3 higherin rank or wealth 级别 较高的; 较富有的: the upper classes, ie of society （社会的）上层阶级* salaries/people in the upper income bracket 属高收入等级的薪金[人们]. Cf 参看 low1 3. 4 (idm 习语) gain, get, etc the upper `hand (over sb) get the advantage (over sb); control sb （较某人）处于有利地位; 占（某人的） 上风; 控制某人: Our team gained/had the upper hand in the second half. 我们队在下半场占了上风. * Don't let your feelings get the upper hand over you. 不要感情用事.a stiff upper lip => stiff. the upper crust (infml or joc 口或谑) the highest social class 社会的最高阶层: belong to the upper crust 属于上流社会. upper n. 1 part of a shoe or boot above the sole 鞋面; 靴面; 鞋帮. 2 (infml 口) drug that gives an exaggerated feeling of cheerfulness 兴奋剂. Cf 参看 downer. 3 (idm 习语) be on one's `uppers (infml 口) have very little money 十分贫困. upper case capital letters, esp in printing-type 大写字母（尤指印刷体）: titles set in upper case 以大写字母排 版的标题 * [attrib 作定语] ,upper-case `titles 大写字母的标题. the Upper Chamber (also the Upper House) ( in the British Parliament) the House of Lords （英国议 会的）上议院. upper-cut n. (in boxing) punch delivered upwards with the arm bent （拳击中的）上钩拳. uppermost / 5QpEmEUst; `QpL9most/ adj highest in place or position or importance （位置或地位） 最高的, 最上面的; 最重要的. uppermost adv on or to the highest or most important position 向著或在最高或最重要的位置: Store this side uppermost, eg as a notice on a container. 此面朝上存放（如容器的标示用语）. * The children's future is always uppermost in my mind. 孩子们的前途一向是我心中最重要的事. uppish / 5QpIF; `QpIF/ adj (infml 口esp Brit) (also esp US uppity / 5QpEtI; `QpEtI/) self-assertive or arrogant 盛气凌人的; 傲慢的: Don't get uppish with me, young lady! 小姐, 别对我这麽傲慢! upright / 5QpraIt; `Qp9raIt/ adj 1 in a vertical position; erect 垂直的; 直立的; 竖直的: his upright bearing/posture/stance 他的笔直的姿势. 2 strictly honest or honourable 诚实的; 规矩的; 正直的: an upright citizen 正直的公民* be upright in one's business dealings 规规矩矩地做生意. 3 (idm 习语) bolt upright => bolt3. upright adv in or into an upright position （趋于）垂直地, 直立地: sit, stand, hold oneself upright 危坐、笔 直地站著、保持直立姿势* pull the tent-pole upright 把帐篷杆拉正. upright n. 1 post or rod placed upright, esp as a support 垂直的柱子或杆子（尤指作支撑物的）: The ball bounced off the left upright of the goal. 球碰到左侧球门柱后弹开. 2 = upright piano. uprightness n. [U]. upright piano (also upright) piano with the strings arranged vertically 竖式钢琴. =>illus at App 1 见附录1 插图, page xi. uprising / 5QpraIzIN; `Qp9raIzIN/ n revolt against those in power; rebellion 起义; 暴动: an armed uprising 武装起义. uproar / 5QprR:(r); `Qp9rRr/ n [U, sing] (outburst of) noise and excitement or anger; tumult 喧嚣; 骚 动; 吵闹: The meeting ended in (an) uproar. 会议以大吵大闹收场. * There was (an) uproar over the tax increases. 税款增加引起了鼓噪. uproarious / Qp5rR:rIEs; Qp`rRrIEs/ adj [esp attrib 尤作定语] (a) very noisy or high-spirited 喧嚣 的; 骚动的; 热闹的: an uproarious welcome, evening, debate 热烈的欢迎、晚会、辩论 * They burst into uproarious laughter. 他们哄然大笑. (b) very funny 非常有趣的: uproarious jokes, disguises, mistakes 令人捧腹的笑话、化装、错误. uproariously adv: shout uproariously 大声地呼喊* uproariously funny 极其滑稽. uproot / 9Qp5ru:t; Qp`rut/ v 1 [Tn esp passive 尤用于被动语态] pull (a tree, plant, etc) out of the ground together with its roots 将（树、花草等）连根拔起. 2 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb/oneself (from sth/...) (fig 比喻) force sb/oneself to leave a place where he/one was born or has become settled 迫使某人 [自己]离开出生地或定居处: She uprooted herself from the farm and moved to London. 她别井离乡 从农场搬到伦敦. upset / 9Qp5set; Qp`sZt/ v (-tt-pt, pp upset) 1 [I, Tn](cause sth to) become overturned or spilt, esp accidentally 打翻, 弄翻（某物）（尤指无意地）: upset one's cup, the milk, a plate of biscuits 弄翻 了自己的杯子、牛奶、一盘饼乾* A large wave upset the boat. 一个巨浪打翻了船. 2 [Tn] disrupt (a plan, etc) 打乱, 扰乱（计画等）: upset the balance of trade 打破贸易平衡 * Our arrangements for the weekend were upset by her visit. 她一来把我们周末的安排给打乱了. * Fog upset the train timetable. 这场大雾搅乱了火车的班次. 3 [Tn] (a) distress the mind or feelings of (sb) 使（某人）苦恼或心烦: be emotionally upset 心烦意乱* Don't upset yourself -- no harm has been done. 不要难过--并没有造成伤害. * The sight of physical suffering always upsets me. 我看到 身体受折磨的情形总是心惊肉跳. * He was upset at not being invited. 人家没邀请他, 他很不痛快. (b) cause (sb) to feel ill by disturbing his digestion 使（某人）感到肠胃不适: Cheese often upsets her/her stomach. 她吃乳酪后常常感到不舒服[肠胃不适]. 4 (idm 习语) upset the/sb's `applecart (a) spoil a plan or disrupt an arrangement 打乱计画或安排: Her refusal to help quite upset the applecart. 她不肯帮忙, 计画也就落空了. (b) disprove a theory 推翻一理论或说法. > upset / 5Qpset; `Qp9sZt/ n 1 [U, C] upsetting or being upset 翻倒; 扰乱; 不安: Last-minute changes caused a great deal of upset. 出现的临时变动造成一片混乱. * She had a major emotional upset. 她 情绪上受到了沉重的打击. 2 [C] stomach disorder 肠胃不适: (infml 口) in bed with a tummy upset 因肠胃不适而卧床. 3 (in sport) unexpected result （运动）出乎意料的结局或成绩. upshot / 5QpFCt; `Qp9FBt/ n [sing] the ~ (of sth) the final result or outcome 最后结果; 结局: The upshot of it all was that he resigned. 结果他辞职了. upside-down / 9QpsaId 5daUn; `Qp9saId`daJn/ adj, adv1 with the upper part underneath instead of on top 上下翻转过来（的）: That picture is upside-down. 那幅画上下颠倒了. * hold a book upside-down 倒拿著书. 2 (infml fig 口, 比喻) in or into total disorder or confusion 乱七八糟 （的）; 毫无条理（的）: He has an upside-down way of doing things, eg he deals with priorities last. 他做事毫无条理. * Burglars had turned the house upside-down. 窃贼把房子翻得乱七八糟. upstage / 9Qp5steIdV; `Qp`stedV/ adj, adv 1 at or towards the back of a theatre stage 在或向舞台后 部（的）: an,upstage `door 舞台后门* move upstage 向舞台后部移动. 2 (infml 口) snobbish(ly) 势利（的）; 谄上欺下（的）: They're much too upstage for us these days. 他们近来对我们太势利 了. upstage v. [Tn] 1 cause (an actor) to face away from the audience by moving nearer the back of the stage than him （自己向舞台后部移动）使（另一演员）无法面向观众. 2 (fig 比喻) divert attention from (sb) towards oneself; put at a disadvantage 将他人注意力从（某人）引向自己; 使处于不利地 位: He upstaged the other speakers by illustrating his talk with slides. 他演讲中配上幻灯片, 比其他 演讲人更吸引听众. upstairs / 9Qp5steEz; Qp`stZrz/ adv 1 up the stairs; to or on an upper floor 向楼上; 往楼上; 在楼 上: walk, leap, sleep upstairs 走上楼、蹦跳著上楼、在楼上睡觉* I was upstairs when it happened. 这件事发生时我正在楼上. Cf 参看 downstairs. 2 (idm 习语) kick sb upstairs => kick1. upstairs adj. situated on, living on or belonging toan upper floor 位于楼上的; 住在楼上的; 属于 楼上的: an,upstairs `room, `window 楼上的房间、窗户* the familiesupstairs/the ,upstairs `families 楼上的住户. upstairs n. [sing] (infml 口) upper floor of a house, etc 房屋等的上层; 楼上: A bungalow does not have an upstairs. 平房没有上层. upstanding / 9Qp5stAndIN; Qp`stAndIN/ adj [attrib 作定语] (fml or rhet 文或修辞) 1 strong, healthy and vigorous 强健而有活力的: a fine upstanding figure of a man 一个男子的强健、匀称的 体格. 2 decent and honest 正派而诚实的: upstanding members of the city council 市议会的正派 而诚实的议员们. upstart / 5QpstB:t; `Qp9stBrt/ n (derog 贬) person who has suddenly risen to wealth or a high position, esp one who behaves arrogantly and causes resentment 突然发迹者, 新贵, 暴发户（尤指傲慢令人 反感者）: You can't marry that young upstart! 你可不能嫁给那个年轻的暴发户! * [attrib 作定语] upstart bureaucrats, financiers, officials, etc 突然发迹的官僚、金融家、官员等. upstream / 9Qp5stri:m; `Qp`strim/ adv, adj in the directionfrom which a river, etc flows; against the current 向上游（的）; 逆流（的）: row, swim, walk upstream 往上游划、游、行走 * Factories upstream (from us) are polluting the water. 在（我们）上游的工厂污染了河水. Cf 参看 downstream. upsurge / 5Qps\:dV; `Qp9s[dV/ n (usu sing 通常作单数) (a) ~ (in sth) sudden increase in sth; rise 急 剧增长; 上升: an upsurge in sales, costs, investments 销售额、费用、投资额的猛增. (b) ~ (of sth) sudden rush, esp of feeling 激发; （尤指感情的）突发: an upsurge of anger, enthusiasm, violence 愤 怒、热情、暴力行为的爆发* an upsurge of interest in the environment 对环境问题突然发生的 兴趣. upswing / 5QpswIN; `Qp9swIN/ n ~ (in sth) (esp sudden) upward movement or trend; improvement （尤指突然的）向上的运动或倾向; 上涨; 改进: This policy led to an upswing in the party's popularity. 这一政策使该党深得人心. Cf 参看 upturn. uptake / 5QpteIk; `Qp9tek/ n (idm 习语) ,quick/,slow on the `uptake quick/slow to understand what is meant 理解力强[弱]; 领会快[慢]: You'll have to explain it to me carefully I'm not very quick on the uptake. 你得给我仔细解释一下--我理解力差. uptight / 9Qp5taIt; 9Qp`taIt/ adj ~ (about sth) (infml 口) 1 nervously tense 精神紧张的: get uptight about exams, interviews, etc 对考试、面试等十分紧张. 2 annoyed or hostile 恼怒的; 有敌意的: Offers of help just make him uptight. 主动帮助他反而惹他生气. 3 (US) rigidly conventional 因循 守旧的. uptown / 9Qp5taUn; `Qp`taJn/ adj, adv (US) in or to the outer residential districts of a town 位于或向 著市镇外围住宅区（的）: uptown New York 纽约的城外住宅区* go, drive, stay uptown 往、开 车去、呆在城外住宅区. Cf 参看 downtown. upturn / 5Qpt\:n; `Qp9t[n/ n ~ (in sth) upward trend in business, fortune, etc; improvement （生意、运 气等）好转; 改进: an upturn in the sales figures 销售额的增长* Her luck seems to have taken an upturn/to be on the upturn. 她似乎时来运转了. Cf 参看 upswing. upturned / 9Qp5t\:nd; 9Qp`t[nd/ adj turned upwards or upside-down 向上翘的; 上下翻转过来的: a slightly,upturned `nose 稍微朝上翘的鼻子* She felt drops of rain on her ,upturned `face. 她感到 有雨点落在她仰著的脸上. * sitting on an ,upturned `crate 坐在翻转过来的板条箱上. upward / 5QpwEd; `QpwLd/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] moving, leading or pointing to what is higher, more important, etc 移向、引向或指向较高、较重要等之处的; 上升的; 向上的: an upward glance, climb 向上的一瞥、攀登* the upward trend in prices 物价的上涨趋势. upward (also upwards / -wEdz; -wLdz/) adv towards what is higher 向上地; 上升地: The missile rose upward into the sky. 导弹已升入天空. * The boat floated bottom upwards, ie upside-down. 那船底朝天漂著. =>Usage at forward2 用法见 forward2. upwards of prep. more than (a number) 超过（某数）: Upwards of a hundred people came to the meeting. 有一百多人来参加会议. upward mobility movement into a higher and wealthier social class 向较高和较富有的社会阶层的流动. ,upwardly `mobile ready and able to move in this way 能向较高社会地位和经济地位流动的: upwardly mobile young executives 能升迁的年轻行政人员. upwind / 9Qp5wInd; Qp`wInd/ adj, adv ~ (of sb/sth) in the direction from which the wind is blowing 上风向的; 逆风的; 顶风的: If we're upwind of the animal it may smell our scent. 要是我们处于那 动物的上风位置, 它就能闻到我们的气味. uranium / jU5reInIEm; jJ`renIEm/ n [U] chemical element,a heavy grey radioactive metal used as a source of nuclear energy 铀. =>App 10 见附录10. urban / 5\:bEn; `[bEn/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] of, situated in or living in a city or town 市镇的; 位于市镇的; 住在市镇的: urban areas 市区* the urban population 城市人口* urban renewal, ie the renovation of old buildings, etc 城市更新（旧建筑物等的整修）* urban guerrillas, ie terrorists operating in urban areas by kidnapping, etc 城市游击队员（进行绑架等的）. Cf 参看 rural. urbanize, urbanise / -aIz; -9aIz/ [Tn esp passive 尤用于被动语态] change (esp a rural place) into a town-likearea 使（尤指农村地区）城市化. urbanization, urbanisation / 9\:bEnaI5zeIFn; US -nI5z-; 9[bEnI`zeFEn/ n [U]. urbane / \:5beIn; [`ben/ adj (fml sometimes derog 文, 有时作贬义) having or showing refined manners, smooth elegance and sophistication 有礼貌的; 温文尔雅的; 老于世故的: an urbane man, wit, smile, conversation 彬彬有礼的男子、风趣的人、微笑、交谈. urbanely adv. urbanity / \:5bAnEtI; [`bAnEtI/ n [U, C]. urchin / 5\:tFIn; `[tFIn/ n 1 (a) (esp dated 尤作旧) mischievous or naughty child, esp a boy 顽童, 淘气鬼（尤指男孩）: You little urchin! 你这个小淘气! (b) (also `street-urchin) ragged or dirty child who is homeless and lives in poverty 街头流浪儿. 2 = sea-urchin (sea). Urdu / 5UEdu:; `Jrdu/ adj, n [U] (of the) language related to Hindi but with many Persian words, used esp in Pakistan 乌尔都语（与印地语有共同处, 但含许多波斯语词, 尤使用于巴基斯坦）. -ure suff 后缀 1 (with vs forming ns 与动词结合构成名词) action or process of ... 的动作或过程: closure * failure * seizure. 2 (with vs or ns forming ns 与动词或名词结合构成名词) group or thing having a specific function 有某功能的团体或事物: legislature * prefecture. urea / jUE5rIE; ?@ 5jUrIE; `jJrIE/ n [U] white soluble crystalline compound contained esp in the urine of mammals 尿素. ureter / jUE5ri:tE(r); jJ`ritL/ n either of the two tubes by which urine passes from the kidneys to the bladder 输尿管. urethra / jUE5ri:WrE; jJ`riWrE/ n (pl 复数作~s or, in scientific use, 科技用语复数作-rae / -ri:; -ri/) (anatomy 解) tube by which urine passes from the bladder out of the body 尿道. =>illus at male 见 male 插图. urge / \:dV; [dV/ v 1 [Tn.pr, Tn.p, Cn.t] drive forcibly or hurry (a horse, etc) in a certain direction 驱 赶, 驱策（马等）: urge a pony into a canter, up a slope 驱策小马慢跑、上斜坡* urge one's mount on, forward, north 策马继续前进、向前、朝北走* She urged her mare to jump the fence. 她策 马跳过障碍物. 2 [Tn, Tf, Tg, Tsg, Cn.t] try earnestly or persistently to persuade (sb) 诚恳地或持续 地催促（某人）: `Don't give in now,' she urged. ｀先别认输,＇她鼓励道. * He urged that we should go/urged (our) going/urged us to go. 他催我们走. 3 [Tn, Tn.pr, Cn.t] ~ sth (on/upon sb/sth) recommend sth strongly with reasoning or entreaty 竭力推荐或力陈某事物: We urged caution. 我们 特别提出要小心谨慎. * The government urged on industry the importance of low pay settlements. 政府向工商业界强调解决低工资问题的重要性. * Motoring organizations are urging drivers not to travel by road if possible. 机动车协会劝告开车的人暂时不要使用公路. 4 (phr v) urge sb on encourage or stimulate sb to do sth 鼓励或激励某人做某事: The manager urged his staff on (to greater efforts). 经理督促职员更加努力. * Urged on by his colleagues, he stood for election. 他受 到同事的鼓励而参加竞选. * The need to find a solution urged him on. 亟须找出解决方法, 这是鞭 策他的动力. urge n. strong desire or impulse 强烈的欲望或冲动: sexual urges 性欲冲动* get, have, feel, give in to a sudden urge to travel 心血来潮去旅行. urgent / 5\:dVEnt; `[dVEnt/ adj 1 needing immediate attention, action or decision 需立即注意、行 动或决定的; 紧急的; 迫切的: an urgent message, case, cry for help 紧急的消息、情况、呼救 * It is most urgent that we operate. 咱们得马上动手术. * My car is in urgent need of repair. 我的汽车 急需修理. 2 showing that sth is urgent; persistent in one's demands 催促的; 坚持要求的: speak in an urgent whisper 低声催促. urgency / -dVEnsI;-dVEnsI/ n [U]: a matter of great urgency 紧急的事* I detected a note of urgency in her voice. 我从她声音中察觉到情况紧急. urgently adv: Ambulance drivers are urgently needed. 急需救护车司机. uric / 5jUErIk; `jJrIk/ adj [attrib 作定语] of urine 尿的: uric acid 尿酸. urine / 5jUErIn; `jJrIn/ n [U] waste liquid that collects in the bladder and is passed from the body 尿. urinal / 5jUErInl or, in British use, 英式英语读作jUE5raInl; `jJrEnl/ n building, place or receptacle for (esp) men and boys to urinate in （尤指男子用的）小便处, 小便器, 尿壶. urinary / 5jUErInErI; ?@ -nerI; `jJrE9nZrI/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] of urine or the parts of the body through which it passes 尿的; 泌尿的; 泌尿器的: urinary infections, organs 泌尿器感染、泌 尿器. urinate / 5jUErIneIt; `jJrE9net/ v [I] pass urine from the body 排尿; 撒尿. urn / \:n; [n/ n 1 tall vase, usu with a stem and a base, esp one used for holding the ashes of a cremated person 瓮; （尤指）骨灰瓮. 2 (esp in compounds 尤用以构成复合词) large metal container with a tap, in which tea, coffee, etc is made or from which it is served, eg in cafes or canteens （供应茶、咖啡等的）有龙头的金属容器（如小餐馆或食堂中的）: a tea urn 茶桶. =>illus 见插图. urn / \:n; [n/ n 1 tall vase, usu with a stem and a base, esp one used for holding the ashes of a cremated person 瓮; （尤指）骨灰瓮. 2 (esp in compounds 尤用以构成复合词) large metal container with a tap, in which tea, coffee, etc is made or from which it is served, eg in cafes or canteens （供应茶、咖啡等的）有龙头的金属容器（如小餐馆或食堂中的）: a tea urn 茶桶. =>illus 见插图. us / Es; Es strong form 强读式Qs; Qs/ pers pron (used as the object of a v or of a prep; also used independently and after be 用作动词或介词的宾语; 亦可单独使用, 用于be 之后) me and another or others; me and you 我们; 咱们: She gave us a washing-machine. 她送给我们一台洗衣机. * We'll take the dog with us. 我们要带著那条狗去. * Hello, it's us back again! 喂, 是我们回来了! Cf 参看 we. US / 9ju: 5es; 9ju `Zs/ abbr 缩写= 1 United States (of America): a US citizen 美国公民. 2 (also u/s) (infml 口) unserviceable (ie useless): This pen's US. Give me one that writes. 这枝钢笔不能用 了. 给我一枝能写的. USA / 9ju: es 5eI; 9ju Zs `e/ abbr 缩写 = 1 (US) United States Army 美国陆军. 2 (esp in addresses) United States of America （尤用于地址）美利坚合众国. USAF / 9ju: es eI 5ef; 9ju Zs e `Zf/ abbr 缩写= United States Air Force 美国空军. usage / 5ju:sIdV, 5ju:zIdV; `jusIdV, `juzIdV/ n 1 [U] manner of using sth; treatment 用法; 处理; 对 待: The tractor had been damaged by rough usage. 这辆拖拉机因使用不经心而损坏了. 2 [U, C] habitual or customary practice, esp in the way words are used 习惯; 惯例; （尤指）词语惯用法: English grammar and usage 英语的语法和惯用法* Languages develop continually through usage. 语言在使用中不断发展. * It's not a word in common usage. 这个词不是个普通常用词. * A dictionary helps one to distinguish correct and incorrect usages. 词典可用以辨识遣词造句的正误. use / ju:z; juz/ v (pt, pp used / ju:zd; juzd/) 1 [Tn, Tn.pr, Tnt, Cn.n/a] ~ sth (for sth/doing sth); ~ sth (as sth) employ sth for a purpose; bring sth into service 用; 使用; 运用; 利用: Do you know how to use a lathe? 你会使用车床吗? * Use your common sense! 用用你的常识吧! * If you don't use (ie practise) your English you'll forget it. 英语不用就容易忘. * May I use your phone? 我用一下您的 电话行吗? * A hammer is used for driving in nails. 子是用来钉钉子的. * She uses her unmarried name for professional purposes. 她处理业务时使用娘家姓氏. * I use my bike for (going) shopping. 我买东西时骑自行车去. * We used the money to set up an irrigation project. 我们把钱用在兴建灌 溉工程上了. * They used force to persuade him. 他们用武力逼他就范. * May I use your name as a reference? ie May I quote it, eg when I apply for a job? 我可以请您作我的荐举人吗? （我可否在求 职信中把您的名字列入其中? ） 2 [Tn] (fml 文) treat (sb) in a specified way; behave towards （以 某种方式）对待（某人）: use one's friends well 善待朋友* He has used her shamefully. 他待她之 坏, 人所不齿. * He thinks himself ill-used, ie considers that he is badly treated. 他认为遭到虐待. 3 [Tn, Cn.n/a] ~ sb/sth (as sth) exploit sb/sth selfishly 自私地利用某人[某事物]: He felt used by her. 他觉得受她利用了. * She simply used us for her own ends/to get what she wanted. 她完全是为了自 己的目的而利用我们. * He used the bad weather as an excuse for not coming. 他拿天气不好作不 来的藉口. 4 [Tn, Tn.pr] consume (sth) 消耗, 消费（某物）: Use the milk sparingly, there's not much left. 少用些牛奶, 剩下的不多了. * The car used a gallon of petrol for the journey. 汽车在路上消耗 了一加仑汽油. 5 [Tn] (infml 口) (a) take (drugs) 服（药）. (b) (US) smoke (cigarettes, etc) 吸（烟 等）. 6 (idm 习语) I, etc could use a `drink, etc (infml 口) I, etc would very much like a drink, etc 我...很想喝酒、做某事: Boy, could I use a hot bath! 啊, 我真想洗个热水澡! use one's loaf (infml 口) think effectively; use one's intelligence 好好想想; 动动脑筋. 7 (phr v) use sth up (a) use (material usable / 5ju:zEbl; `juzEbl/ adj [pred 作表语] that can be used; that is fit to be used 可使用; 合用; 适用: This tyre is so worn that it is no longer usable. 这条轮胎磨损得很厉害, 不能再用了. use / ju:s; jus/ n 1 [U, sing] ~ (of sth) using or being used 用; 使用; 运用; 利用: the use of electricity for heating 利用电力供热* learn the use of a lathe 学习使用车床* an ingenious use of wind power 巧妙利用风力* the use of force, terrorism, blackmail, etc 使用武力、恐怖手段、敲 诈伎俩等* keep sth for one's own use 保留某物以自用* funds for use in emergencies 应急基金 * The ointment is for external use only, eg It must not be swallowed. 此药膏仅供外用. * bought for use, not for ornament 为使用购买, 非为装饰用途* The lock has broken through constant use. 这 把锁经常使用已经坏了. 2 [C, U] purpose for which sth is used; work that a person or thing is able to do 用途; 功能: a tool with many uses 有多种用途的工具* find a (new) use for sth 研究出某物 的（新）用途. 3 [U] ~ (of sth) (a) right to use sth 使用权: allow a tenant the use of the garden 准许 房客使用花园* I have the use of the car this week. 这辆汽车本星期归我使用. (b) power of using sth 使用的能力: have full use of one's faculties 充分发挥才能* lose the use of one's legs, ie become unable to walk 失去腿部功能. 4 [U] value or advantage; usefulness 价值; 益处; 效用: What's the use of worrying about it? 著急有什麽用呢? * It's no use pretending you didn't know. 你 装糊涂是无济于事的. * You're no use in the choir you can`t sing a note! 你对合唱团毫无益处- 你简直唱不成调! * Recycled materials are mostly of limited use. 再生材料大多用途有限. 5 [U] (fml 文) custom, practice or habit; usage(2) 习惯; 惯例; 词语的惯用法: Long use has accustomed me to it. 我对此已习惯成自然. 6 (idm 习语) ,come into/,go out of `use start/stop being used 开始 [停止]被使用: When did this word come into common use? 这个词是什麽时候用起来的? * The present phone boxes will go out of use next year. 现有的公共电话亭明年就不再使用了. have no use for sb refuse to tolerate sb; dislike 不容忍某人; 不喜欢; 厌恶: I've no use for people who don't try. 我讨厌那些不想努力的人. have no use for sth have no purpose for which sth can be used 不需 要或用不著某物: I've no further use for this type used / ju:zd; juzd/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] (of clothes, cars, etc) having been worn, used, etc before; second-hand （指衣物、汽车等）用旧了的, 使用过的, 二手的. used / ju:st; just/ adj ~ to sth/doing sth having learned to accept sth; accustomed to sth （对某事物） 已适应, 已习惯: be quite used to hard work/working hard 很习惯做艰苦的工作 * After three weeks she had got used to the extreme heat. 三个星期以后她就适应酷热的环境了. * The food in England is strange at first but you'll soon get used to it. 英国食物乍一吃很不习惯, 但不久就能适 应了. used to / 5ju:s tE; `justE; before vowels and finally 在元音前及末尾读作5ju:s tu:; `justu/ modal v (neg 否定式used not to, contracted form 缩约式usedn't to, usen't to / 5ju:snt tE; `jusnt tE; before vowels and finally 在元音前及末尾读作5ju:snt tu:; `jusnt tu/) (expressing a frequent or continuous action in the past; in questions and negative sentences usu with did 表达过去经常的或持续的行为, 在疑问句和否定句中通常与did 连用): I used to live in London. 我过去一直住在伦敦. * Life here is much easier than it used to be. 如今在此地生活比起从前可舒服多了. * You used to smoke a pipe, didn't you? 你过去一向是抽烟斗的, 对不对? used NOTE ON USAGE 用法: The following negative and question patterns are old-fashioned or very formal 以下的否定形式和疑问形式是古雅的或者是正统的形式: I usedn't to like her. 我未尝 喜欢过她. * Used you to go there? 您昔时可常去那里? * There used to be a cinema here, use(d)n't there? 往日此处曾有一影院, 不知是与不是? Most people now use patterns with did, especially when speaking or writing informally 现在大多数人使用与did 连用的形式, 特别是在口 语中或不拘谨的书面语中: I didn't use to like her. 我一向不喜欢她. * Did you use to go there? 你以前常到那儿去吗? * There used to be a cinema here, didn't there? 从前这里有一家电影院, 是不是? useful / 5ju:sfl; `jusfEl/ adj 1 that can be used for some practical purpose; serviceable or helpful 实 用的; 适用的; 有用的; 有益的; 有帮助的: a useful gadget, book, hint, acquaintance 有用的小机 械、书、线索、熟人* do sth useful with one's life 尽自己毕生精力做些有益的事 * Videos are useful things to have in the classroom. 教室里有录像设备是很有助益的. 2 (infml 口) competent or capable 能干的; 有能力的: He's a useful member of the team. 他是该队的主力队员. 3 (idm 习语) come in handy/useful => handy. ,make oneself `useful help by performing useful tasks 做些有 用的事来帮忙: My nephews tried to make themselves useful about the house. 我的侄子都想帮我收 拾收拾房子. usefully / -fElI;-fElI/ adv: Is there anything I can usefully do here? 这里有没有我能帮忙做的事 情? usefulness / -fElnIs; -fElnIs/ n [U]: The old car has outlived its usefulness, ie is no longer useful or worth keeping. 这辆旧汽车已经不能用了. useless / 5ju:slIs; `juslIs/ adj 1 not serving a useful purpose; not producing good results 无用的; 无 效的; 无益的: A car is useless without petrol. 汽车没有汽油就不能使用. * It's useless arguing/to argue with them. 跟他们争论是徒劳无益的. * All our efforts were useless. 我们的一切努力都白费 了. 2 (infml 口) weak or incompetent 差劲的; 不怎麽样的: He's a useless player. 他技艺很差. * I'm useless at maths. 我数学可不行. uselessly adv. uselessness n. [U]. user / 5ju:zE(r); `juzL/ n (esp in compounds 尤用以构成复合词) person or thing that uses 使用者; 用户: `drug-users, `road-users 使用药的人、使用道路的人* I'm a great user of public transport. 我经常使用公共交通工具. * The steel industry is one of Britain's greatest users of coal. 英国煤炭的 最大用户是钢铁工业. user-friendly / 9ju:zE 5frendlI; 9juzL`frZndlI/ adj (esp of computers, their software, etc) easy for non-experts to use; not difficult or intimidating （尤指计算机及其软件等）便于非专业者使用的, 不 难用的, 不可怕的:a ,user-friendly `keyboard 简便的键盘* Dictionaries should be as user-friendly as possible. 词典应尽可能便于使用. usher / 5QFE(r); `QFL/ n 1 person who shows people to their seats in a cinema, church, public hall, etc or into sb's presence （电影院、教堂、公共大厅等的）引座员; （将客人领到某人面前的） 招待员, 迎宾员. 2 door-keeper in a lawcourt, etc （法院等处的）门房, 传达员. usher v. 1 [Tn.pr, Tn.p] lead (sb) in the specified direction; escort as an usher 引导（某人）; 担任 引座员、招待员、迎宾员、门房: The girl ushered me along the aisle to my seat. 引座小姐带领 我沿著通道到我的座位上去. * I was ushered in, and stood before the Queen. 迎宾员把我带进去, 站在女王的面前. 2 (phr v) usher sth in (fig 比喻) mark the start of sth; herald sth 开创、开始或 引进某事物; 预报; 预示: The new government ushered in a period of prosperity. 新政府的成立带 来了一个繁荣的时期. usherette / 9QFE5ret; 9QFL`Zt/ n girl or woman who ushers people to their seats, esp in a cinema or theatre 女引座员（尤指电影院或戏院的） USN / 9ju: es 5en; 9ju Zs `Zn/ abbr 缩写= United States Navy 美国海军. USS / 9ju: es 5es; 9ju Zs `Zs/ abbr 缩写= United States Ship 美国船: USS Oklahoma 美国船俄克 拉何马号. Cf 参看 HMS. USSR / 9ju: es es 5B:(r); 9ju Zs Zs `Br/ abbr 缩写= Union of Soviet Socialist Republics 苏联. usual / 5ju:Vl; `juVEl/ adj 1 such as happens or is done or used, etc in many or most instances; customary 通常的; 平常的; 惯常的: make all the usual excuses 用尽司空见惯的藉口 * She arrived later than usual. 她到得比平常晚. * As is usual with children, they soon got tired. 孩子们 一贯如此, 他们很快就厌倦了. * When the accident happened, the usual crowd gathered. 事故发生 时, 照例有许多人围观. * He wasn't his usual self. 他失去了常态. * (infml 口) I'll have my usual, please, ie my usual drink, etc. 请给我来一份我通常要的（我常要的饮料等）. 2 (idm 习语) as usual as is usual 像往常一样: You're late, as usual. 你像平常一样又迟到了. * As usual, there weren't many people at the meeting. 像往常一样, 来开会的人不多. business as usual => business. usually / 5ju:VElI; `juVElI/ adv in the way that is usual; most often 通常地; 惯常地: What do you usually do on Sundays? 你星期天通常做什麽? * He's usually early. 他通常到得早. * The canteen is more than usually busy today. 今天食堂比往常忙得多. usurer / 5ju:VErE(r); `juVErL/ n (dated usu derog 旧, 通常作贬义) person who lends money at excessively high interest 放高利贷的人. usurp / ju:5z\:p; jJ`z[p/ v [Tn] (fml 文) take (sb's power, right, position) wrongfully or by force 篡夺 或武力夺取（某人的权力、权利、地位）: usurp the throne 篡夺王位* usurp the role of leader 夺 取领导者的地位. usurpation / 9ju:z\:5peIFn; 9juz[`peFEn/ n [U]. usurper n. usury / 5ju:VErI; `juVErI/ n [U] (dated usu derog 旧, 通常作贬义) (lending of money at) excessively high interest 高利贷; 高利. utensil / ju:5tensl; ju`tZnsl/ n implement or container, esp for everyday use in the home 用具, 器皿 （尤指家庭日用的）: `writing utensils, eg pencils, pens, ink 书写用具（如铅笔、钢笔、墨水） * `cooking/`kitchen utensils, eg pots, pans 烹调[厨房]用具（如罐、锅）. uterus / 5ju:tErEs; `jutErEs/ n (pl 复数作~es or, in scientificuse, 科技用语复数作uteri / -raI; -raI/) (anatomy 解) womb 子宫. =>illus at female 见 female 插图. uterine / 5ju:tEraIn; `jutEraIn/ adj of the uterus 子宫的. utilize, utilise / 5ju:tElaIz; `jutl9aIz/ v [Tn] (fml 文) make use of (sth); find a use for 利用或应用（某 事物）: utilizethe available tools, resources 利用现有的工具、资源* utilize solar power as a source of energy 利用太阳能作为能源. utilization, utilisation / 9ju:tElaI5zeIFn; ?@ -lI5z-; 9jutlE`zeFEn/ n [U]. utilitarian / 9ju:tIlI5teErIEn; 9jutIlE`tZrIEn/ adj 1 (sometimesderog 有时作贬义) designed to be useful rather than luxurious or decorative, etc; severely practical 实用的（非奢华的或装饰的）; 功 利的: The student accommodationis strictly utilitarian. 为学生提供的住宿极其实惠. 2 based on or supporting the belief that actions are good if they are useful or benefit the greatest number of people 功利主义的. utility / ju:5tIlEtI; ju`tIlEtI/ n 1 [U] quality of being useful 有用; 实用; 效用; 功用: [attrib 作定 语] a utility vehicle, ie one that can be used for various purposes 多用途车辆* the utility value of a dishwasher 洗碟机的实用价值. 2 [C] = public utility (public). utility room room, esp in a private house, containing one or more large fixed domestic appliances, eg a washing-machine 杂用间（放置大件家用电器如洗衣机的房间, 尤指私人住宅的）. utmost / 5QtmEUst; `Qt9most/ (also uttermost / 5QtEmEUst;`QtL9most/) adj [attrib 作定语] greatest; furthest; most extreme 最大的; 最远的; 极度的: in the utmost danger 在极端的危险中* of the utmost importance 极重要的* with the utmost care 极其小心* pushed to the utmost limits of endurance 逼到忍无可忍的程度. the utmost (also the uttermost) n. [sing] 1 the greatest, furthest or most extreme degree or point, etcthat is possible 最大限度; 极限: enjoy oneself to the utmost 尽情享乐* Our endurance was tested to the utmost. 我们已忍无可忍了. 2 (idm 习语) do/try one's `utmost (to do sth) do or try as much as one can 竭力; 竭尽所能: I did my utmost to stop them. 我已竭尽全力制止他们. Utopia / ju:5tEUpIE; ju`topIE/ n [C, U] imaginary place or state of things in which everything is perfect 乌托邦: create a political Utopia 创造政治的乌托邦. Utopian / -pIEn; -pIEn/ adj (usu derog 通常作贬义) having or aiming for the perfection of Utopia but impossible to achieve; idealistic 乌托邦的; 空想的; 理想主义的: Utopian ideals 不切实际的理 想. utter / 5QtE(r); `QtL/ adj [attrib 作定语] (used to give extra emphasis to a n 用以加强名词的词义) complete; total; absolute 完全的; 彻底的; 绝对的: utter darkness, bliss, nonsense 漆黑、极乐、纯 粹的废话* an utter lie, disaster 极大的谎言、灾难* to my utter delight, astonishment, etc 使我十 分高兴、吃惊等* She's an utter stranger to me. 我根本不认识她. utterly adv: She utterly despises him. 她非常瞧不起他. * We failed utterly to convince them. 我们根本说 服不了他们. utter / 5QtE(r); `QtL/ v [Tn] (a) make (a sound or sounds) with the mouth or voice （以口）发出（声 音）: utter a sigh, cry of pain, etc 发出叹息声、痛苦的叫喊声等. (b) say or speak 说; 讲: utter threats, slanders, etc 说出威胁、毁谤等的话* He never uttered a word of protest. 他从来没说一 句反对的话. utterance / 5QtErEns; `QtErEns/ n (fml 文) 1 [U] action of uttering or expressing things in words 用言语表达: give utterance to one's feelings, thoughts, views, etc 以言语表达感情、思想、观点 等* The speaker had great powers of utterance. 那个演讲人很有口才. 2 [C] spoken word or words; thing said 话语; 言语: private/public utterances 私下的[公开的]话. uttermost = utmost. uvula / 5ju:vjUlE; `juvjElE/ n (pl 复数作~s or, in scientific use, 科技用语复数作-lae / -li:; -9li/) (anatomy 解) small piece of flesh that hangs from the back of the roof of the mouth above the throat 悬雍垂; 小舌. =>illus at throat 见 throat 插图. uxorious / Qk5sR:rIEs; Qk`sRrIEs/ adj (fml or joc 文或谑) excessively fond of one's wife 宠爱妻子 的. V, v / vi:; vi/ n (pl V's, v's / vi:z; viz/) 1 the twenty-second letter of the English alphabet 英语字母表 的第二十二个字母: Vivienne begins with (a) V / `V'. Vivienne 一字以 V 字母开始. 2 V-shaped thing V 形物: The geese were flying in a V. 雁排成了 V 形飞行. * [attrib 作定语] flying in (a) V formation 排成 V 字队形飞行. V abbr. 缩写= 1 victory: give/make a V-sign, ie with the first and second fingers spread to form a V, showing victory (with palm outwards), or vulgar derision (with palm inwards) 打出 V 形手势（伸 出食指和中指作 V 形, 手掌向外时表示胜利, 手掌向内时表示粗俗的嘲弄之意）. 2 volt(s): 240V, eg on a light bulb 240V （如电灯泡上的字样）. Cf 参看 W abbr 缩写1. v. (also v) symb 符号Roman numeral for 5 （罗马数字） 5. v abbr. 缩写= 1 (pl vv) verse: St Luke ch 12 vv 4-10 《路加福音》第12 章第4-10 节. 2 verso. 3 (also vs) (esp in sporting contests) versus (ie against): England v West Indies 英格兰队对西印度群 岛队. 4 (infml 口) very: I was v pleased to get your letter. 来信收到, 十分高兴. 5 see; refer to (Latin vide) 参看, 见（源自拉丁文vide）. v. and A / 9vi: En 5eI; 9vi En `e/ abbr 缩写= (Brit infml 口) Victoria and Albert Museum (in London) （伦敦）维多利亚和阿伯特博物馆. vac / vAk; vAk/ n (Brit infml 口) 1 = vacation. 2 = vacuum cleaner (vacuum) vacancy / 5veIkEnsI; `vekEnsI/ n 1 [C] unoccupied accommodation （未被占用的）空余住处: No vacancies, eg on a hotel sign. 客满（如旅店告示牌的字样）. 2 [C] unfilled position or post 空处; 空位; 空职; 空缺: We have vacancies for typists/in the typing pool. 我们缺少打字员[我们的打字 组缺员]. 3 [U] lack of ideas or intelligence; emptiness of mind 无主意或智慧; 头脑空虚: the vacancy of his stare, expression 他那茫然若失的目光、表情. vacant / 5veIkEnt; `vekEnt/ adj 1 not filled or occupied; empty 未占满的; 未占用的; 空著的: Is the lavatory vacant? 厕所里没有人吧? * a vacant situation, post, hotel room 空著的职务、空缺的 职位、旅店的空房间. =>Usage at empty1 用法见empty1. 2 (a) showing no sign of thought or intelligence; blank 无思想或智慧的; 木然的: a vacant stare, look, etc 茫然的凝视、目光等. (b) empty of thought （思想）空虚的: a vacant mind 空荡荡的头脑. > vacantly adv: stare, look, gaze, etc vacantly into space 木然地注视、观望、凝视...著空间. vacant possession ( used in house advertisements, etc 房屋出售等的广告用语) state of being empty ofoccupants and available for the buyer to occupy immediately 空房出售. vacate / vE5keIt; ?@ 5veIkeIt; `veket/ v [Tn] (fml 文) cease to occupy (a place or position) 停止占用, 腾出, 搬出, 空出（地方或场所）; 不再担任（某职位）: vacate a house, hotel room 腾出房子、搬 出旅馆房间* vacate one's seat, post 空出自己的座位、辞去职位* The squatters were ordered to vacate the premises. 擅自占房者被勒令迁出. vacation / vE5keIFn; ?@ veI-; ve`keFEn/ n 1 [C] (also recess, Brit infml 英式口语作vac) any of the intervals between terms in universities and lawcourts （大学的）假期; （法庭的）休庭期: the Christmas, Easter vacation 圣诞节、复活节假期* the long vacation, ie in the summer 暑假 * [attrib 作定语] vacation work 大学生的假期工作. 2 [C] (esp US) = holiday 1b: take a vacation 休 假. 3 [U] (fml 文) action of vacating 停止占用; 腾出; 搬出; 空出: Immediate vacation of the house is essential. 立即腾出这所房子是当务之急. 4 (idm 习语) on vacation (esp US) on holiday 在度假. =>Usage at holiday 用法见 holiday. vacation v. [I, Ipr] ~ (at/in...) (US) have a holiday at/in (a place) 在（某处）度假. vaccinate / 5vAksIneIt; `vAksn9et/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth (against sth) protect sb/sth (against a disease) by injecting vaccine 给某人[某物]接种疫苗: have your dog vaccinated against rabies 给你的狗注射 疫苗以预防狂犬病. Cf 参看immunize (immune), inoculate. vaccination / 9vAksI5neIFn; 9vAksn`eFEn/ n [C, U] (instance of) vaccinating or being vaccinated 接种疫苗. vaccine / 5vAksi:n; ?@ vAk5si:n; vAk`sin/ n [U, C] substance that is injected into the bloodstream and protects the body by making it have a mild form of the disease 疫苗; 菌苗: develop a smallpox, polio, rabies, etc vaccine 培养天花、小儿麻痹症、狂犬病等的疫苗. Cf 参看 serum2. vacillate / 5vAsEleIt; `vAsl9et/ v [I, Ipr] ~ (between sth and sth) (fml usu derog 文, 通常作贬义) keep changing one's mind; move backwards and forwards between two emotions （思想）动摇不定; 犹豫; （在两种情绪之间）变化不定: She vacillated between hope and fear. 她时而抱有希望, 时而 心存恐惧. Cf 参看 oscillate. vacillation / 9vAsE5leIFn; 9vAsl`eFEn/ n [C, U] (fml usu derog 文, 通常作贬义) (instance of) vacillating （思想的）动摇; 犹豫; （情绪的）波动: eternal, continual, constant, etc vacillations 心 里总是动摇不定. vacuity / vE5kju:EtI; vE`kjuEtI/ n (fml 文) 1 [U] lack ofpurpose, meaning or intelligence （目的、 意义或智慧的）缺乏; 空虚; 茫然; 愚蠢: the total vacuity of his thoughts, statements 他思想上的一 片茫然、言语的空洞无物. 2 [C usu pl 通常作复数] inane remarks, acts, etc 无意义的言行. vacuous / 5vAkjUEs; `vAkjJEs/ adj (fml 文) showing or suggesting absence of thought or intelligence; inane 无思想的; 无智慧的; 空洞的; 无意义的: a vacuous stare, remark, laugh, expression 呆视、 空洞的话、傻笑、茫然的表情. vacuously adv. vacuousness n. [U]. vacuum / 5vAkjUEm; `vAkjJEm/ n (pl 复数作~s or, in scientific use, 科技用语复数作 vacua / -jUE; -jJE/) 1 (a) space that is completely empty of all matter orgas(es) 真空. (b) space in a container from which the air has been completely or partly pumped out （容器的）真空状态: create a perfect vacuum 形成完全的真空状态. 2 (usu sing 通常作单数) (fig 比喻) situation or environment characterized by emptiness （情况或环境的）空洞状态: There has been a vacuum in his life since his wife died. 他妻子去世后他的生活很空虚. 3 (infml 口) = vacuum cleaner. 4 (idm 习语) in a `vacuum isolated from other people, facts, events, etc 与其他的人、事等脱离或隔绝: live, work, etc in a vacuum 在与外界隔绝的环境中生活、工作等. vacuum v. [I, Tn, Tn.p] ~ sth (out) (infml 口) clean (sth) with a vacuum cleaner 用真空吸尘器清 扫（某物）: vacuum the stairs, carpet 用吸尘器清扫楼梯、地毯等* vacuum (out) the car 用吸尘 器打扫汽车. vacuum cleaner electrical appliance that takes up dust, dirt, etc by suction 真空吸尘器. vacuum flask (also flask, US `vacuum bottle) containerwith a double wall that encloses a vacuum, used forkeeping the contents hot or cold 保温瓶. Cf 参看 Thermos. vacuum-packed adj. (esp of perishable foods) sealed in a pack from which most of the air has been removed （尤指易腐败的食物）真空包装的. vacuum pump pump that creates a partial vacuum in a vessel 真空泵. vacuum tube (US) (Brit radio valve) sealed glass tube with an almost perfect vacuum to enable an electriccharge to pass through, formerly used in radios, televisions,etc 真空管; 电子管. vade-mecum / 9vB:dI5meIkUm, 9veIdI5mi:kEm; 9vBdI`mekEm, 9vedI`mikEm/ n handbook or other small useful work of reference 手册; 便览: The spelling dictionary is a vade-mecum for all secretaries. 拼法字典是秘书必备的手册. vagabond / 5vAgEbCnd; `vA-E9bBnd/ n wanderer or vagrant, esp an idle or dishonest one 流浪者; 漂泊者; （尤指）无业游民, 无赖: [attrib 作定语] lead a vagabond life 过流浪生活. vagary / 5veIgErI; `ve-ErI/ n (usu pl 通常作复数) strange,unusual or capricious change; whim 怪异 多变; 奇想: the vagaries of fashion, the weather, the postal service 时髦样式、天气、邮政服务措 施的变幻莫测. vagina / vE5dVaInE; vE`dVaInE/ n (pl 复数作~s or, in scientific use, 科技用语复数作 -nae / -ni:; -ni/ (anatomy 解) passage (in a female mammal) from the external genital organs to the womb 阴道. =>illus at female 见 female 插图. vaginal / vE5dVaInl; vE`dVaInl/ adj. vagrant / 5veIgrEnt; `ve-rEnt/ n (fml or law 文或律) person without a settled home or regular work; tramp 居无定所或无固定工作的人; 流浪者: vagrant tribes 游荡部落* lead a vagrant life 过流浪 生活. vagrancy / 5veIgrEnsI; `ve-rEnsI/ n [U] (offence of) being a vagrant 游荡（罪）: drunks arrested for vagrancy 因游荡罪遭逮捕的喝醉的人. vague / veIg; ve-/ adj (-r, -st) 1 not clearly expressed or perceived （表达或感知）?　　? 不明确 的, 不清楚的: a vague answer, demand, rumour 含糊其辞的回答、要求??传闻 * vague memories, hopes, fears 模糊的记忆、渺茫的希望、莫名的恐惧 * I haven't the vaguest (ie slightest) idea/notion what you mean. 我一点都不明白你的意思. 2 not specific or exact; imprecise 不具体 的; 不确切的; 不精确的: a vague estimate of the cost 对费用的大致估计 * The terms of the agreement were deliberately vague. 协议的条款故意含糊其词. * She can only give a vague description of her attacker. 她只能粗略地描述了一下那个袭击她的人. 3 (a) (of persons) undecided or uncertain (about needs, intentions, etc) （指人）（有关需要、意图等）未决定的, 犹 豫不决的, 不确定的: be vague in/about one's plans 对计画举棋不定* I'm still vague about what you want. 我还是不清楚你想要什麽. (b)(of a person's looks or behaviour) suggesting unclear thinking or absent-mindedness （指人的神情或行为）茫然的, 心不在焉的: a vague smile, gesture 用意不明的微笑、手势. 4 not clearly identified; indistinct 不清晰的; 模糊的: the vague outline of a ship in the fog 船在雾中的模糊的轮廓. vaguely adv 1 in a way one cannot specify 含糊地; 不明确地: Her face is vaguely familiar. 她有些面熟. 2roughly; approximately 大致上; 近似地: He pointed vaguelyin my direction. 他粗略地朝我的方 向指了指. * Italy vaguely resembles a boot. 意大利国的形状像只靴子. 3 absent-mindedly 心不 在焉地: smile, gesture vaguely 心不在焉地微笑、打个手势. vagueness n. [U]. vain / veIn; ven/ adj (-er, -est) 1 having too high an opinion of one's looks, abilities, etc; conceited （对自己的才、貌等）自视过高的; 自负的. 2 [attrib 作定语] (esp rhet 尤作修辞) having no value or significance 无价值的; 无意义的: vain promises, triumphs, pleasures 空头的许诺、虚无 的胜利、空欢喜. 3 [usu attrib 通常作定语] useless or futile 无用的; 无益的; 无效的; 徒劳的: a vain attempt 劳而无功的努力* in the vain hope of persuading him 指望说服他而徒费口舌. 4 (idm 习语) in `vain (a) with no result; uselessly 无结果地; 徒然: try in vain to sleep 怎麽也睡不著. (b) fruitless or useless 无效果的; 无用的: All our work was in vain. 我们的工作全都白干了. take sb's name in vain => name1. vainly adv 1 in a conceited manner 自负地. 2 uselessly or futilely 无用地; 无益地; 无效地; 徒劳地. vainness n. [U]. vainglory / 9veIn5glR:rI; ven`-lRrI/ n [U] (dated or fml 旧或文) extreme vanity or pride in oneself; boastfulness 极度的虚荣; 自负; 自夸. vainglorious / -5glR:rIEs; -`-lRrIEs/ adj full of vainglory; conceited and boastful 虚荣心重的; 自 负的; 自夸的. valance / 5vAlEns; `vAlEns/ n (a) short curtain or frill hung around the frame of a bed （床架四周的） 短帷幔, 挂布. (b) (esp US) = pelmet. vale / veIl; vel/ n (arch except in place names 古, 现仅用于地名) valley 谷; 山谷: the Vale of the White Horse 怀特霍斯山谷. valediction / 9vAlI5dIkFn; 9vAlE`dIkFEn/ n [C, U] (fml 文) (words used in) saying farewell, esp on serious occasions 告别; 告辞; 告别辞: utter a valediction 致告别辞* bow in valediction 鞠躬告 别. valedictory / -tErI; -tErI/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] (fml 文) serving as or accompanying a farewell 告别的; 告辞的: a valedictory speech, message, gift 临别的演说、言语、礼物. valedictory n. (US) farewell speech given by a top graduating student at a school or college 毕业生 代表的告别演说. valedictorian / -5tR:rIEn; -`tRrIEn/ n (US) student giving a valedictory 致告别辞的毕业生代表. valence / 5veIlEns; `velEns/ n (chemistry 化) 1 [U] capacityof an atom to combine with, or be replaced by, another or others as compared with that of the hydrogen atom 化合价; 原子价: Carbon has a valence of four. 碳的化合价是四价. 2 [C] (US) = valency. valency / 5veIlEnsI; `velEnsI/ (US valence) n (chemistry 化) unit of the combining-power of atoms （原子的）（化合）价: Carbon has 4 valencies. 碳的化合价是四价. valentine / 5vAlEntaIn; `vAlEn9taIn/ n (a) (also valentine card) sentimental or comic greetings card sent, usu anonymously, on St Valentine's Day (14 February) to a sweetheart 在圣瓦伦廷节（2 月14 日）寄给情人的贺卡（通常匿名）. (b) sweetheart to whom one sends such a card 收受此类贺卡的 情人: Will you be my valentine? 你愿意做我的情人吗? valerian / vA5lIErIEn; vE`lIrIEn/ n [U] any of various types of small herb with strong-smelling pink or white flowers 缬草（花呈粉红色或白色, 气味浓郁）. valet / 5vAleI, 5vAlIt; `vAle, `vAlIt/ n (a) man's personal male servant who looks after his clothes, serves his meals, etc （为男主人照料衣食等事务的）男仆. (b) hotel employee with similar duties （旅馆中负责该类事务的）服务员. valet / 5vAlIt; `vAlIt/ v 1 [Tn] clean, brush and repair (eg clothes, chair-covers, car fittings) 洗刷 及修补（如衣物、椅套、汽车坐具等）: a valeting service, eg at a dry-cleaner's or garage 洗刷修 补服务（如乾洗店或汽车维修站的）. 2 [I, Tn] act as valet to (sb) 为（某人）照料衣食. valetudinarian / 9vAlItju:dI5neErIEn; 9vAlE9tjudn`ZrIEn/ n (fml 文) person who pays excessive attention to preserving his health 过分关心自己健康的人. Cf 参看 hypochondriac (hypochondria). valiant / 5vAlIEnt; `vAljEnt/ adj (rhet 修辞) brave or determined 勇敢的; 英勇的; 坚定的: valiant resistance, efforts 顽强的抵抗、努力* She made a valiant attempt to laugh. 她放大了胆笑了起来. valiantly adv: Tom tried valiantly to rescue the drowning man. 汤姆勇敢地抢救那个溺水的男子. valid / 5vAlId; `vAlId/ adj 1 (a) legally effective because made or done with the correct formalities （因符合正当手续）有法律效力的: a valid claim, contract 在法律上有效的要求、合同 * The marriage was held to be valid. 这一婚姻关系是有效的. (b) legally usable or acceptable （法律上） 有效的, 得到认可的: a bus pass valid for one week, for ten journeys 有效期为一周、为十趟旅程 的公共汽车乘车券* A cheque card is not a valid proof of identity. 银行发的支票保付卡并非有效 的身分证明文件. 2 (of arguments, reasons, etc) well based or logical; sound （指论据、理由等） 有充分根据的, 符合逻辑的, 确凿的: raise valid objections to a plan 对某项计画提出有力的反对 * Her excuse was not valid. 她的藉口靠不住. validity / vE5lIdEtI; vE`lIdEtI/ n [U] 1 state of beinglegally acceptable （法律上）有效; 合法（性）: test the validityof a decision 验证某决定是否合法. 2 state of being logical 合逻辑; 正确（性）: question the validity of an argument, assumption 对某一论据、假定的论点的正确性提出疑问. validate / 5vAlIdeIt; `vAlE9det/ v [Tn] 1 make (sth) legally valid; ratify 使（某事物）具有法律效 力; 批准; 认可: validate a contract, marriage, passport 使合同生效、使婚姻具有合法性、签准 护照. 2 make (sth) logical or justifiable 证实, 确证（某事物）: validate a theory, an argument, a thesis, etc 证实某理论、论据、命题等. validation / 9vAlI5deIFn; 9vAlE`deFEn/ n [U]. valise / vE5li:z; ?@ vE5li:s; vE`lis/ n (dated 旧) small leather bag for clothes, etc during a journey （装衣物等的）皮制小旅行包. Valium / 5vAlIEm; `vAlIEm/ n (propr 专利名) (a) [U] drug used to reduce stress and nervous tension 安定（镇静药）. (b) [C] (pl unchanged or ~s 复数或不变或作Valiums) tablet of this 安定药片. valley / 5vAlI; `vAlI/ n 1 stretch of land between hills or mountains, often with a river flowing through it 谷, 山谷（中间多有溪流）. =>illus at mountain 见 mountain 插图. 2 region drained by a river 流域: the Nile valley 尼罗河流域. valour (US valor) / 5vAlE(r); `vAlL/ n 1 [U] (rhet 修辞) bravery, esp in war 勇武, 英勇（尤指战 时的）: displaygreat valour 显示出极大的勇气* soldiers decorated (ie given awards) for valour 因 勇敢而受奖的军人. 2 (idm 习语) discretion is the better part of valour => discretion. valuable / 5vAljUEbl; `vAljJEbl/ adj 1 worth a lot of money 贵重的; 值钱的: a valuable collection of paintings 一批很有价值的画儿. 2 very useful or worthwhile or important 很有用的; 很有价值 的; 很重要的: valuable advice, help, information, etc 宝贵的意见、帮助、信息等 * wasting valuable time and effort 浪费宝贵的时间和精力 * The jawbone was our most valuable find/discovery. 这块颌骨是我们最重要的发现. =>Usage at invaluable 用法见 invaluable. valuables n. [pl] valuable things, esp small personal possessions, jewellery, etc 贵重物品（尤指个人 的小件物品、珠宝等）: recover stolen valuables 起获失窃的贵重物品. valuation / 9vAljU5eIFn; 9vAljJ`eFEn/ n 1 (a) [C, U] (act of) estimating, esp professionally, the financial value of sth 估计; （尤指专业人员的）估价: property, land,stock, etc valuation 对房地产、 土地、存货等的估价* Surveyors carried out a valuation on/of our house. 测量员对我们的房子做 出了估价. (b) [C] financial value that is estimated in this way 估定的价值; 估值: have a valuation made of one's jewellery 请人给珠宝估价* Experts put/set a high valuation on the painting. 专家对 这幅画估价很高. 2 [U] (fig 比喻) estimation of a person's merit （对人的）评价: take/accept sb at his own valuation, ie according to his own opinion of himself 同意某人对他自己的评价. value / 5vAlju:; `vAlju/ n 1 (a) [C, U] worth of sth in terms of money or other goods for which it can be exchanged 价值: a decline in the value of the dollar, pound , etc 美元、英镑等价值的下跌* pay above/below the market value for sth 付出高?禰低于]市价Oxford Dictionary Translation memory software company ForeignDesk, Okapi Framework, OmegaT, Transolution, AidTransStudio, Cafetran, Déjà Vu (DVX), Heartsome Translation Suite, MemoQ, MetaTexis, Rainbow, SDLX, SDL, STAR Transit, Trados, SDL Trados, Wordfast, WordFisher, Similis, Open Language Tools http://www.transgood.com