TransGood-Translation memory software Trados, SDL, ForeignDesk, Wordfast, WordFisher, Déjà Vu (DVX), 译佳计算机辅助翻译软件, 雅信CAT TransGood, TransMemory, Translation Software Tools, Computer-assisted translation, computer-aided translation, CAT, machine-aided translation, Translation memory software, Terminology management software, Alignment software, Software localization tools, ?bersetzung Software, Logiciels de traduction, Software di traduzione, Traducción de Software, Mémoire de traduction, Tradu??o memória, Memoria de traducción, Memoria di traduzione, Перевод Software, ForeignDesk, Okapi Framework, OmegaT, Transolution, AidTransStudio, Cafetran, Déjà Vu (DVX), Heartsome Translation Suite, MemoQ, MetaTexis, Rainbow, SDLX, SDL, STAR Transit, Trados, SDL Trados, Wordfast, WordFisher, Similis, Open Language Tools, 翻訳ソフトウェア, 翻訳メモリ, 翻译软件 辅助翻译软件 计算机辅助翻译软件 人工智能翻译 翻译工具 专业翻译软件 翻译记忆软件 塔多思 Trados SDL WordFast 雅信CAT 翻译公司 牛津词典 Oxford Dictionary etc from an indefinite number 用以要求某人在未限定的数量中指明某事物、地方、人等): What books have you got to read on the subject? 你研究这个问题要看什麽书? * What time/date is it? 现 在几点钟了[今天几号了]? (Cf 参看Tell me what time it is.) * What experience has she had? 她有 什麽体验? (Cf 参看Ask her what experience she has had.) * What woman are you thinking of? 你 想的是哪个女人? * Guess what famous person said this? 你猜猜是哪个名人说过这句话? =>Usage at which 用法见 which. what interrog pron 1 (used to ask sb to specify one or more things, etc from an indefinite number 用以要 求某人在未限定的数量中指明某事物等): What did you say? 你说什麽? * What (ie What job) does he do? 他是做什麽工作的? * What are you reading, sewing, thinking, etc? 你正在读、缝、想... 什麽呢? * What's the time/date? 现在几点钟了[今天几号了]? * What does it mean? 这是什麽意思? 2 (idm 习语) and `what not (infml 口) and other things of the same type 以及同类的其他事物: tools, machines and what not 工具、机器等等. get/give sb what `for (infml 口) be punished/punish sb severely 受到严惩[严惩某人]: I'll give her what for if she does that again. 她要是再这样干我就 收拾她. what for for what purpose 为什麽目的: What is this tool for? 这个工具是干什麽用的? * (infml 口) What did you do that for? ie Why did you do that? 你为什麽做这件事呢? what if? what would happen if? 要是...又怎样?: What if it rains when we can't get under shelter? 假若下起雨来, 我们又没处避雨可怎麽办? * What if the rumour is true? 万一谣传真有其事呢? what `of it?; so `what? (infml 口) (used to admit that sth is true, but to question whether it is important or whether sb is going to do anything about it 用以承认某事属实, 进而提问其重要性或是否某人要有何行动): Yes, I wrote it. What of it? 不错, 是我写的. 那又怎麽样呢? what's `what (infml 口) what things are useful, important, etc 什麽事物有用、重要等: She certainly knows what's what. 她可知道都是 怎麽回事. what with sth (used to list various causes 用以列举各种原因): What with the weather and my bad leg, I haven't been out for weeks. 由于天气不好, 我的腿又不方便, 我已经好几个星期没 出门了. what-d'you-call-him/-her/-it/-them ( also `what's -his/ -her/ -its/ -their -name) n (used instead of a name that one cannot remember 用以代替想不起来的名字): She's just gone out with old what-d'you-call-him. 她刚和那个他叫什麽来著一起出去了. whatnot n. 1 trivial, unknown or unspecified thing 琐碎的、未知的或未指明的事物: She'd put these whatnots in her hair as decoration. 她把那些也不知道是什麽的东西弄到头发上当饰物. 2 piece of furniture with shelves for small objects 珍品架（陈列小摆设用的）. what / wCt; ?@ hwCt; hwBt/ det the (thing(s) or people) that ...的（事物或人）: What money I have will be yours when I die. 我一死我的钱就都给你. * I spent what little time I had with my family. 我 仅有的那一点时间都与家人在一起度过了. * What family and friends I still have live abroad. 我现 在所有的家人和朋友都住在国外. what pron the thing(s) that ...的事物: What you say may well be true. 你说的很可能是事实. * No one knows what will happen next. 谁也不知道下一步有什麽事. what / wCt; ?@ hwCt; hwBt/ det, adv (used in exclamations 用于感叹句中): What (awful) weather we're having! 天气（可）太坏了! * What a lovely view! 景色真美呀! * What a terrible noise! 多讨 厌的噪声啊! * What big feet you've got! 你的脚可真大! what interj 1 (used to show disbelief or surprise 用以表示不相信或惊奇): `I've won a holiday in New York.' `What?' ｀我中了奖可以到纽约度假.＇｀有这种事?＇ * `It will cost 500.' `What?' ｀这可 要用500 英镑.＇｀真的?＇ 2 (infml 口) (used when one has not heard what sb has said 用于未听 清对方说的话时): What? Can you say that again? 什麽? 你能再说一遍吗? whatever / wCt5evE(r); ?@ hwCt-; hwBt`ZvL/ det, pron 1 any or every (thing) 任何（事物）; 每样 （事物）: We will be grateful for whatever amount you can afford. 你买得起多少, 我们都欢迎. * You can eat whatever you like. 你愿意吃什麽就吃什麽. * Whatever I have is yours. 我的东西都是 你的. 2 regardless of what 无论什麽; 不管什麽: Whatever nonsense the papers print, some people always believe it. 不管报纸胡说什麽都有人信. * You are right, whatever opinions may be held by others. 你做得对, 别人怎麽看不必理会. * Keep calm, whatever happens. 不论出什麽事都要保持 镇静. 3 (idm 习语) or what`ever (infml 口) or any other(s) of a similar type 或其他类似的事物: Take any sport basketball, ice hockey, swimming or whatever. 要参加体育活动--篮球、冰球、游 泳之类的活动. whatever interrog pron (expressing surprise or bewilderment 用以表示惊讶或困惑) what （究竟是）什麽: Whatever do you mean? 你究意是什麽意思? * Whatever can it be? 这到底是什麽呢? * You're going to keep snakes! Whatever next? 你打算养蛇! 下一步还想干什麽? whatever (also whatsoever) adv (used after no + n,nothing, none, etc for emphasis 用于 no + 名词、 nothing 、none 等之后, 以 加强语气): There can be no doubt whatever about it. 这件事毫无疑问. * `Are there any signs of improvement?' `None whatsoever.' ｀有改进的迹象吗?＇｀一点儿都没有.＇ wheat / wi:t; ?@ hwi:t; hwit/ n [U] 1 (a) grain from which flour (for bread, etc) is made 小麦（子实）: a tonne of wheat 一吨小麦 * [attrib 作定语] wheat loaves 白面的面包. (b) plant that produces this 小麦（草本植物）: a field of wheat 麦田 * [attrib 作定语] wheat farming 种植小麦. =>illus at cereal 见 cereal 插图. 2 (idm 习语) separate the wheat from the chaff => separate2. wheaten / 5wi:tn; ?@ 5hwi:-; `hwitn/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] made from wheat 小麦做的: wheaten bread, cakes, flour 小麦制的面包、蛋糕、面粉. wheatcake n. (US) pancake made with whole wheat flour 全麦粉做的饼. wheat germ centre of the wheat grain, extracted during milling, which is a rich source of vitamins 小麦胚芽（磨麦 时提取的, 含丰富维生素）. wheatmeal n. [U] wholemeal flour made from wheat 全麦面粉. wheedle / 5wi:dl; ?@ 5hwi:-; `hwidl/ v (derog 贬) (a) [I, Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (out of sb) obtain sth by being pleasant to or flattering sb （用讨好或奉承某人的手法）获得某事物: a wheedling tone of voice 哄骗的腔调 * She wheedled the money out of her father. 她哄她父亲给她些钱. * He wheedled his way into the building, ie got into it by wheedling. 他靠花言巧语混进了那所楼房. (b) [Tn.pr] ~ sb into doing sth persuade sb to do sth by being pleasant to or flattering him 用讨好或奉承 的手法劝诱某人做某事: The children wheedled me into letting them go to the film. 孩子们把我哄 得同意让他们去看电影了. Catherine wheel / 5kAWrIn wi:l; 9kAWrIn `hwil/ n type of firework that spins when lit 转轮烟火. Ferris wheel / 5ferIs wi:l; ?@ hwi:l; `fZrIs 9hwil/ (in fairgrounds, etc) large upright wheel revolving on a fixed axle and having seats hanging from its rim （游乐场等处的）摩天轮（在垂直转动的巨 轮上挂有座位的游乐设施）. wheel / wi:l; ?@ hwi:l; hwil/ n 1 (a) disc or circular frame that turns on an axle, as on carts, cars, bicycles, etc or as part of a machine, etc 轮; 车轮; 机轮. =>illus at App 1 见附录1 插图, page xiii. (b) (esp in compounds 尤用以构成复合词) any of several types of machine of which a wheel is an essential part 以轮子为主要部件的机器: a potter's `wheel 陶钧 * a `spinning-wheel 纺车. 2 (usu sing 通常作单数) = steering-wheel (steer1): The driver sat patiently behind the wheel. 司机在方向 盘前耐心地坐著. * He took (ie grasped) the wheel and steered the ship into port. 他掌稳舵轮把船驶 进了港口. 3 circular movement, esp that of a line of soldiers pivoting on one end 旋转运动; （尤指 横排士兵以一端为中心的）旋转: a left/right wheel 向左[右]转. 4 (idm 习语) at/behind the `wheel (of sth) (a) steering (a vehicle or a ship) 驾驶（车或船）: Who was at the wheel when the car crashed? 汽车碰撞时开车的是谁? (b) (fig 比喻) in control (of sth) 控制（某事物）: With her at the wheel, the company began to prosper. 有了她当主管, 公司开始兴旺起来. oil the wheels => oilv. put one's shoulder to the wheel => shoulder. put a spoke in sb's wheel => spoke1. ,wheels within `wheels situation in which a complicated or secret network of influences, motives, etc exists, making it difficult to understand fully 错综复杂的或秘密的势力、动机等交织在一起难以了解的情况. wheel v. 1 [Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] (a) push or pull (a vehicle with wheels) 推或拉（车）: wheel a barrow (along the street) （在街上）推手推车. (b) carry (sb/sth) in a vehicle with wheels 用车运载（某人[某 物]）: wheel sb to the operating theatre on a trolley 用担架车把某人送到手术室. 2 (a) [I, Ipr, Ip] move in a curve or circle 转动; 旋转: birds wheeling (about) in the sky above us 在我们上空盘旋 的鸟. (b) [I, Ip] ~ (round/around) turn round and face the other way 转身: Left/Right wheel! ie as an order given to soldiers 向左[右]转! * They wheeled round in amazement. 他们惊奇地转过身来. (idm 习语) ,wheel and `deal (infml 口esp US) negotiate or bargain in a clever, often dishonest, way （用精明的, 常指欺骗的方法）洽谈、商量或讨价还价: There will be a lot of wheeling and dealing before an agreement is reached. 还要有一番讨价还价才能达成协议. -wheeled ( forming compound adjs 用以构成复合形容词) having the specified number of wheels 有某数量的轮子的: a ,sixteen-wheeled `lorry 一辆十六轮大卡车. -wheeler ( forming compound ns 用以构成复合名词) vehicle with the specified number of wheels 有某数量轮子的车: a ,three-wheeler 三轮机动车. wheelie n. (sl 俚) act of riding a bicycle or motor cycle balancing on the back wheel, with the front wheel off the ground 骑自行车或摩托车时抬起前轮用后轮保持平衡的动作: do a wheelie 做抬起 前轮只用后轮保持平衡的动作. wheelbarrow (also barrow) n. open container for moving small loads in, with a wheel at one end, and two legs and two handles at the other 独轮车; 手推车. wheelbase n. (usu sing 通常作单数) distance between the front and rear axles of a motor vehicle （机动车的）轴距. wheelchair n. chair with wheels, in which sb who is unable to walk can move himself or be pushed along 轮椅: She had polio as a child and spent the rest of her life in a wheelchair. 她小时候得了小 儿麻痹症, 终生没离开过轮椅. wheel-house n. small enclosed cabin on a ship where the pilot, etc stands at the wheel to steer （船上 的）驾驶室. wheelwright n. person who makes and repairs (esp wooden) wheels for carts, wagons, etc 制造与修 理（尤指木制的）车轮的人. wheeler-dealer / 9wi:lE 5di:lE(r); ?@ 9hwi:-; 9hwilL`dilL/ n (infml 口esp US) person who is skilled at bargaining, often dishonestly 善于讨价还价的人（常指不正直的）. wheeze / wi:z; ?@ hwi:z; hwiz/ v 1 [I] (a) breathe noisily, esp with a whistling sound in the chest (eg when suffering from asthma, bronchitis, etc) 呼吸时有声响（尤指胸部发出的哨声, 如因患哮喘、 支气管炎等）. (b) (of a machine, pump, etc) make a similar sound （指机器、泵等）发出类似上 述的声响. 2 [Tn] say, sing, etc (sth) while breathing noisily or with difficulty （呼吸时有声响或呼 吸困难情况下）说, 唱（某词语）: `I've got a sore throat,' he wheezed. ｀我嗓子疼,＇他吃力地说. wheeze n. 1 sound of wheezing 有声响的呼吸声; 机器等发出的类似声响: He has a slight wheeze in his chest. 他呼吸时胸部发出轻微的响声. 2 (dated Brit infml 旧, 口) good idea, esp a joke or trick 好主意; （尤指）玩笑, 花招. wheezy adj. (-ier, -iest) making a wheezing sound 呼吸时发出响声的; 发出类似响声的: a wheezy old man, pump 呼吸时发出响声的老人、发出呼呼响声的泵* My cold's a lot better but I'm still a bit wheezy. 我的感冒好多了, 就是呼吸时还有点声音. wheezily / -IlI; -ElI/ adv. wheeziness n. [U]. whelk / welk; ?@ hwelk; hwZlk/ n any of several types of snail-like sea-animal with a spiral shell, esp one used as food 蛾螺（尤指食用的）. whelp / welp; ?@ hwelp; hwZlp/ n 1 young animal of the dog family; puppy or cub 犬科的幼兽; 幼犬或幼小的狐、熊、狮、虎等. 2 (dated derog 旧, 贬) badly-behaved child or young man 行 为不良的儿童或年轻男子. whelp v. [I] (fml 文) (of a female dog, wolf, etc) give birth （指母狗、母狼等）产（仔）. when / wen; ?@ hwen; hwZn/ interrog adv at what time; on what occasion 什麽时候; 什麽场合: When can you come? 您什麽时候能来? * When did he die? 他是什麽时候死的? * I don't know when he died. 我不知道他是什麽时候死的. * When were you living in Spain? 您是什麽时候住在 西班牙的? * Since when has he been missing? 他是从什麽时候失踪的? when rel adv 关系副词1 (used after time, day, month, etc 用于time 、 day、 month 等之后) at or on which 在那时; 其时: Sunday is the day when very few people go to work. 星期日是没什麽人上班 的日子. * There are times when I wonder why I do this job. 有时候我也不明白我为什麽要做这个 工作. * It was the sort of morning when everything goes wrong. 那天上午就是那样, 事事不顺心. 2 at which time; on which occasion 在那时; 当时; 当场: The Queen's last visit was in May, when she opened the new hospital. 女王上次来访是在五月份, 她那时主持了这座医院的落成典礼. when conj 1 at or during the time that 在...时; 当...时: It was raining when we arrived. 我们到的时候正 在下雨. * When he saw her, he waved. 他一看见她就摆了摆手. * When visiting London I like to travel by bus. 我游览伦敦时喜欢坐公共汽车. 2 since; considering that 既然; 考虑到: How can they learn anything when they spend all their spare time watching television? 他们把所有的空闲时 间都用来看电视了, 还能学什麽东西呢? whence / wens; ?@ hwens; hwZns/ adv (arch or fml 古或文) from where 从该处; 从那里: They have returned whence they came. 他们从哪儿来的已经回哪儿去了. whenever / wen5evE(r); ?@ hwen-; hwZn`ZvL/ conj 1 at any time, regardless of when 在任何时候; 无论何时: I'll discuss it with you whenever you like. 你愿意什麽时候我就什麽时候和你商量这件 事. 2 every time that; as often as 每次; 每当: Whenever she comes, she brings a friend. 她每次来 都带个朋友. * The roof leaks whenever it rains. 每逢下雨屋顶就漏雨. 3 (idm 习语) or when`ever (infml 口) or at any time 或者任何时间: It's not urgent we can do it next week or whenever. 不是 急事--我们可以下星期做或其他时候做. whenever interrog adv (expressing surprise 用以表示惊讶) when （究竟在）什麽时候, 什麽场合: Whenever did you find time to do all that cooking? 你怎麽能有时间做了这麽多吃的东西? where / weE(r); ?@ hweE(r); hwZr/ interrog adv in or to what place or position 在哪里; 到哪里; 在 什麽位置: Where does he live? 他住在哪儿? * Where does she come from? 她是哪儿的人? * I wonder where she comes from. 我不知道她是哪儿的人. * Where (ie At what point) did I go wrong in my calculation? 我在计算中什麽地方出了差错? * Where are you going for your holidays? 你打 算到哪儿去度假? * Where is all this leading? ie What is the conclusion of what you are saying? 你说 这话到底是什麽意思? where rel adv 关系副词1 (used after words or phrases that refer to a place 用于表示地点的词语之后) at, in, or to which (place) 在那（地方）; 到那（地方）; 该处: the place where you last saw it 你上次 看到该事物之处* one of the few countries where people drive on the left 少数沿左侧开车的国家 之一. 2 at which place 在那个地方; 在该处: We then moved to Paris, where we lived for six years. 我们后来搬到巴黎, 在那里住了六年. where conj (in) the place in which （在）...的地方: Put it where we can all see it. 把它放在我们都看得见 的地方. * Where food is hard to find, few birds remain throughout the year. 在很难找到食物的地方 就没有什麽鸟能长年栖息. * (fig 比喻) That's where you're wrong. 你错就错在这儿. whereabouts interrog adv in or near what place; where 在什麽地方; 靠近什麽地方; 哪里: Whereabouts did you find it? 你在哪儿找到它的? * She won't tell me whereabouts she put it. 她不告诉我她把它放在哪 儿了. n [sing or pl v] place where sb/sth is 某人[某物]所在的地方; 下落; 行踪: a person whose whereabouts is/are unknown 一个下落不明的人. whereby rel adv 关系副词 (fml 文) by which 靠那个; 凭那个; 借以: She devised a plan whereby they might escape. 她想出了一个他们可用以逃跑的计画. wherein rel adv 关系副词 (fml 文) in which; in what; in what respect 其中; 在那里; 在哪方面: a dark forest wherein dangers lurk 潜伏著危险的黑暗的森林. whereupon conj after which; and then 在这以后; 然后; 于是: She laughed at him, whereupon he walked out. 她嘲笑他, 他随之离去. whereas / 9weEr5Az; ?@ 9hweEr5Az; hwZr`Az/ conj 1 (esp law 尤用于法律) taking into consideration the fact that 考虑到...; 鉴于. 2 (fml 文) but in contrast; while 然而; 而: He earns 8000 a year whereas she gets at least 20000. 他一年挣8000 英镑而她至少可获20000 英镑. wherever / 9weEr5evE(r); ?@ 9hweEr-; hwZr`ZvL/ conj 1 in any place, regardless of where 在无论 什麽地方: Sit wherever you like. 您愿意坐在哪儿都行. * I'll find him, wherever he is. 不管他在哪 儿我都要把他找到. * He comes from Boula, wherever that may be, ie and I don't know where that is. 他原籍是布拉, 也不用管它在什麽地方吧. 2 in all places that; everywhere 在...的各个地方; 各 处; 处处: Wherever she goes, there are crowds of people waiting to see her. 她所到之处都有成群的 人等著见她. * Wherever there is injustice, we try to help. 凡有不公正的地方, 我们都竭力相助匡 正. 3 (idm 习语) or wher`ever (infml 口) or any (other) place 或者任何（其他的）地方: many foreign tourists from Spain, France or wherever 来自西班牙、法国或其他国家的许多游客. wherever interrog adv (expressing surprise 用以表示惊讶) where （究竟）在哪儿: Wherever did you get that funny hat? 你到底从哪儿弄来这麽一顶怪帽子? wherewithal / 5weEwITR:l; ?@ 5hweEr-; `hwZrwIT9Rl/ n the wherewithal [sing] (rhet or joc 修辞或 谑) the money needed for sth 为做某事而需要的钱: I'd like a new stereo, but I haven't got the wherewithal (to buy it). 我倒是想要一套新的立体声音响器材, 可是没这笔钱（买）. whet / wet; ?@ hwet; hwZt/ v (-tt-) [Tn] 1 (fml 文) sharpen (the blade of a knife, an axe, etc), esp by rubbing with a stone 磨（刀、斧等）（尤指用石头磨）. 2 excite or stimulate (one's appetite, desire, interest, etc) 引起, 刺激（食欲、欲望、兴趣等）: Reading travel brochures whets one's appetite for a holiday. 看了旅游手册就巴不得去度假. whetstone n. shaped stone used for sharpening tools, eg chisels, scythes, etc 磨石; 磨刀石; 油石. whether / 5weTE(r); ?@ 5hweTEr; `hwZTL/ conj 1 (used before a clause or an infinitive expressing or implying alternatives 用于从句或不定式之前以表达或意含两者之间的选择) (a) (used as the object of vs like know, doubt, wonder, etc 用作know 、doubt、 wonder 等动词的宾语): I don't know whether I will be able to come. 我不知道我是否能来. * We'll be told tomorrow whether we should take the exam or not. 我们明天才知道是不是应该参加考试. * I asked him whether he had done all the work himself or whether he had had any assistance. 我问他这些工作都是他自己做的还是别人 帮他做的. (Note that when there are two alternative clauses separated by or, whether is repeated. 注 意: 在两个供选择的从句之间若用or 字, 则须重复whether 一字. ) * We were wondering whether to go today or tomorrow. 我们弄不清是今天走还是明天走. Cf 参看if. (b) (after adjs and preps 用 于形容词或介词之后): She was undecided (about) whether she should accept his offer. 她拿不定主 意应该不应该接受他的好意. * He hesitated about whether to drive or take the train. 他开车去还是 坐火车去, 犹豫不决. * It all depends on whether she likes the boss or not. 一切都取决于她喜欢还 是不喜欢这个老板. (c) (used as the subject or complement of a sentence 用作句子的主语或补语): It's doubtful whether there'll be any seats left. 说不上还有没有空座位了. * The question is whether to go to Munich or Vienna. 问题是去慕尼黑还是去维也纳. 2 (idm 习语) whether or not (used to introduce two alternative possibilities 用以引导出两种非此即彼的可能性): Whether or not it rains/Whether it rains or not, we're playing football on Saturday. 无论下不下雨, 我们星期六一定踢 足球. * Tell me whether or not you're interested. 告诉我你有没有兴趣. * They'll find out who did it, whether you tell them or not. 你告诉不告诉他们, 他们都能查出是谁干的. =>Usage at if 用法见 if. whew (also phew) / fju:; fju/ interj (used as the written form of any of various sounds made by breathing out strongly or whistling to express amazement, relief, exhaustion or dismay 用作有声响的 呼气声或口哨声之书面语象声词, 表示惊讶、宽慰、疲劳或沮丧均可): Whew! That car was going fast! 嘿! 那辆汽车可真快! * Whew! That was a lucky escape! 哇! 这可是侥幸脱险哪! whey / weI; ?@ hweI; hwe/ n [U] watery liquid that remains after sour milk has formed curds 乳清 （牛奶变酸凝结后产生的含水成分）. which / wItF; ?@ hwItF; hwItF/ interrog det (used to ask sb to specify one or more people or things from a limited number 用以要求某人在有限数量中指明某人或某事物): Which way is quicker by bus or by train? 怎麽去更快--坐公共汽车还是坐火车? * Which Mr Smith do you mean the one who teaches history or the one who teaches music? 你说的是哪个史密司先生--是教历史的那个还 是教音乐的? * Which languages did you study at school? 你上学时学的都是哪些语言? * Ask him which platform the London train leaves from. 问问他到伦敦去的列车从哪个站台开出? Cf 参看 what1. =>Usage 见所附用法. which interrog pron which person or thing (from a limited number) （有限数量中的）哪个人或哪个事物: Which is your favourite subject? 你最喜欢哪个科目? * Which of the boys is tallest? 这些男孩儿哪 个最高? * Here are the chairs. Tell me which are worth buying. 就是这些椅子. 告诉我买哪几把好. * The twins are so much alike that I can't tell which is which, ie can't distinguish one from the other. 这对双胞胎长得可真像, 我都分不出谁是谁了. which rel det 关系限定词 (fml 文) (used to refer back to the preceding n or statement 用以复指前文的名 词或内容): The questions were all on opera, about which subject I know nothing. 那些问题都是关于 歌剧的, 我对歌剧一无所知. * The postman comes at 6.30 in the morning, at which time (ie when) I am usually fast asleep. 邮递员早晨6 点30 分来, 这个时候我通常还睡著大觉呢. which rel pron 关系代词(used to refer to sth previously mentioned 用以指提到过的事物): Take the book which is lying on the table. 把桌子上的那本书拿走. * A house which overlooks the park will cost more. 面向公园的房子贵些. * Read the passage to which I referred in my talk. 读一读我在讲话中 提到的那段文章. * His best film, which won several awards, was about the life of Gandhi. 他的最佳 影片, 就是荣获几项奖的那部, 是关于甘地生平的. * His new car, for which he paid 7000, has already had to be repaired. 他那辆新汽车, 花了7000 英镑买的, 已经得修理去了. which NOTE ON USAGE 用法: Compare the use of which and what as determiners and pronouns in questions. 试比较which 和what 用作限定词和代词时, 在疑问句中的用法. Which refers to one or more members of a limited group *which 指在有限数量中的一个或一些: Which car is yours/Which is your car? The Ford or the Volvo? 哪辆汽车是你的[哪辆是你的汽车]? 是｀福特＇牌 的还是｀富豪＇牌的? What is used when the group is not so limited 若所指的并非在有限的数量中, 要用what: What are your favourite books? 你最喜欢什麽书? When we are referring to people, we often use which even if the choice is not restricted 指人时, 即使所在范围不受限制, 也往往用 which: Which/What actors do you admire most? 你最喜爱哪些演员? whichever / wItF5evE(r); ?@ hwItF-; hwItF`ZvL/ det, pron 1 the person or thing which ... 的那个人 或事物: Take whichever hat suits you best. 挑个最适合你戴的帽子. * We'll eat at whichever restaurant has a free table. 哪个饭馆有空桌我们就在哪儿吃吧. * Whichever of you comes first will receive a prize. 你们谁第一谁就能得奖. 2 regardless of which 无论哪个或哪些: Whichever you buy, there is a six-month guarantee. 不管买哪个都有六个月的保用期. * It takes three hours, whichever route you take. 不论走哪条路都要三小时. whichever interrog det, interrog pron (expressing surprise 用以表示惊讶) which （究竟）哪个, 哪些: Whichever of these children is yours? 这些孩子哪个是你的? whiff / wIf; ?@ hwIf; hwIf/ n ~ (of sth) (a) faint smell or puff of air or smoke 些微的气味、空气或 烟: catch a whiff of perfume, of cigar smoke 闻到一股香水味、雪茄烟味* have a whiff of fresh air 吸一点儿新鲜空气 * (fig 比喻) a whiff (ie a trace or hint) of danger, scandal, suspicion 有点危险、 丑事、怀疑. (b) small amount breathed in （呼吸时）吸入少量的某物: a whiff of anaesthetic 吸入 一点麻醉剂* He took a few whiffs, ie of a cigar, pipe, etc. 他吸了几口（雪茄、烟斗等）. (c) (infml euph 口, 婉) bad smell 难闻的气味: There is an awful whiff coming from the dustbin. 垃圾箱里冒 出很臭的味. while / waIl; ?@ hwaIl; hwaIl/ n [sing] 1 (period of) time （一段）时间: She worked in a bank for a while before studying law. 她学法律之前在银行工作过一段时间. * For a long while we had no news of him. 很长一段时间我们没有他的消息. * I'll be back in a little while, ie soon. 我一会儿就 回来. * It took quite a while (ie a long time) to find a hotel. 很长时间才找到一家旅馆. * We waited for three hours, all the while hoping that someone would come and fetch us. 我们等候了三个小时, 一直希望能有人来接我们. 2 (idm 习语) once in a while => once. worth sb's while => worth. while v. (phr v) while sth away pass (a period of time) in a leisurely way 逍遥自在地度过（一段时 间）: We whiled away the time at the airport reading magazines. 我们在机场阅读杂志消磨时间. * It's easy to while a few hours away in a museum. 在博物馆里很容易打发掉几个小时. while / waIl; ?@ hwaIl; hwaIl/ (also whilst / waIlst; ?@ hwaIlst; hwaIlst/) conj 1 (a) during the time that; when 在...期间; 当...的时候: He fell asleep while (he was) doing his homework. 他做著做著 功课就睡著了. * While I was in Madrid there was a carnival. 我在马德里的时候正赶上狂欢节. * While (locked up) in prison, she wrote her first novel. 她在狱中写出了第一部小说. (b) at the same time as 与... 同时: While Mary was writing a letter, the children were playing outside. 玛丽写信时孩 子都在外面玩儿. * He listens to the radio while driving to work. 他去上班一边开著车一边听音乐. * I lived in a hostel while I was a student. 我求学期间住在青年招待所里. 2 (used to show a contrast 用以表示对比或相反的情况): I drink black coffee while he prefers it with cream. 我爱喝 清咖啡而他喜欢加奶油的. * English is understood all over the world while Turkish is spoken by only a few people outside Turkey itself. 英语世界通行, 但土耳其语离开本国就很少有人说了. 3 (fml 文) although 虽然: While I admit that there are problems, I don't agree that they cannot be solved. 尽管我承认有问题存在, 但我不同意说这些问题不能解决. whim / wIm; ?@ hwIm; hwIm/ n sudden desire or idea, esp an unusual or unreasonable one; caprice 一时的兴致; 突然的念头;（尤指）突发奇想, 异想天开; 心血来潮: It's only a passing whim, ie one that will soon be forgotten. 这只不过是一闪之念. * They seem ready to indulge (ie satisfy) his every whim. 他们简直惯著他随心所欲. whimper / 5wImpE(r); ?@ 5hwI-; `hwImpL/ v 1 [I] (of a dog, person, etc) whine or cry softly, esp with fear or pain （指狗、人等）发出长而高音的或微弱的哭声或叫声, （尤指因恐惧或痛苦） 呜咽, 啜泣. 2 [Tn] say (sth) in this way 呜咽或啜泣著说（某事）: `Please don't leave me alone,' he whimpered. ｀请不要丢下我不管,＇他抽抽搭搭地说. =>Usage at cry1 用法见 cry1. whimper n. whimpering cry; low sobbing sound 呜咽声; 啜泣声. whimsy / 5wImzI; ?@ 5hwI-; `hwImzI/ n 1 [U] odd or playful behaviour or humour 希奇的或耍笑 的举动或幽默: His speech was full of whimsy. 他妙语如珠. * `Why did you do it?' `I don't know, pure whimsy.' ｀你怎样做出这种事来?＇｀我也不知道, 纯粹是闹著玩儿.＇ 2 [C] fanciful idea or desire; whim 奇异的念头或兴致; 奇想: one of her bizarre whimsies 她的一个古怪的念头. whimsical / 5wImzIkl; ?@ 5hwI-; `hwImzIkl/ adj full of whimsy; fanciful, playful or capricious 有 很多希奇的或耍笑的举动或幽默的; 异想天开的; 闹著玩儿的; 突发奇想的: a whimsical sense of humour 离奇的幽默感* a whimsical story for children 希奇古怪的儿童故事. whimsicality / 9wImzI5kAlEtI; ?@ 9hwI-; 9hwImzE`kAlEtI/ n [U]. whimsically / -klI; -klI/ adv. whin / wIn; ?@ hwIn; hwIn/ n [U] = gorse. whine / waIn; ?@ hwaIn; hwaIn/ n (usu sing 通常作单数) (a) long high-pitched complaining cry, esp one made by a dog or child 长而高音的哭声或叫声（尤指狗或儿童发出的）. (b) similar high-pitched (esp irritating) sound made by a siren, motor-cycle engine, etc （警笛、摩托车发动机 等发出的）长而高音的响声（尤指烦人的）: the steady whine of a mechanical saw 机械锯发出的 吱吱的声音. whine v. 1 [I, It] make a whine 发出长而高音的呜咽声或其他响声: a whining voice 呜咽的声 音* The dog sat outside the door whining (to be let in). 那条狗坐在门外狺狺叫著（要进来）. 2 (a) [I, Ipr] (derog 贬) complain, esp about trivial things 抱怨, 埋怨（尤指为琐事）: Do stop whining! 别再埋怨了! * What is that child whining about now? 那个孩子现在又抱怨什麽呢? (b) [Tn] (derog 贬) say (sth) in a pleading or complaining voice 以哀求的或抱怨的声音说（某事）: `I want to go home,' he whined.｀我要回家,＇他哀求著说. whiner n animal or person that whines 发出呜咽声的 动物或人. whinny / 5wInI; ?@ 5hwI-; `hwInI/ n gentle neighing sound （轻微的）马嘶声. whinny v. (pt, pp whinnied) [I, Ipr] make this sound 发出轻微的马嘶声: The horse whinnied with pleasure. 那匹马舒服的嘶叫著. whip / wIp; ?@ hwIp; hwIp/ n 1 [C] length of cord or strip of leather fastened to a handle, used esp for urging on an animal (esp a horse) or for striking a person or an animal as a punishment 鞭子. Cf 参看horsewhip (horse). 2 [C] (a) (in Britain and the US) official of a political party who has the authority to maintain discipline among its members, esp to make them attend and vote in important government debates （英国和美国的）政党的纪律委员（尤指敦促党员出席政府重要辩论会进行 投票者）. (b) instructions given by this official 党纪委员发出的指令: a ,three-line (ie very urgent) `whip 要求本党议员出席辩论并按指示投票的紧急书面通知. 3 [C] = whipper-in. 4 [C, U] dish of whipped cream, eggs, etc with fruit or other flavouring 搅拌的奶油、蛋等加水果或其他调料制 成的甜食: caramel, chocolate, strawberry, etc whip 焦糖、巧克力、草莓...奶油甜品. 5 (idm 习 语) a fair crack of the whip => fair1. get, have, hold, etc the `whip hand (over sb) be in a position where one has power or control (over sb) 位居控制（某人）的地位: Their opponents had the whip hand and it was useless to resist. 他们因对手权柄在握, 反抗也没用. whippy adj. flexible; springy 易弯曲的; 有弹性的: a whippy cane 有弹力的藤条. whipcord n. [U] 1 type of strong, tightly twisted cord used for making whips, etc 鞭绳. 2 type of hard-wearing worsted fabric 马裤呢. whiplash n. lash of a whip 鞭打. `whiplash injury injury to the neck caused by a sudden jerk of the head (as in a collision) 鞭子式损伤, 颈椎过度屈伸损伤（如撞车事故造成的）. whip / wIp; ?@ hwIp; hwIp/ v (-pp-) 1 [Tn] strike (a person or an animal) with a whip, esp as a punishment 鞭打（人或动物）（尤指作为惩罚）; 鞭笞: The culprit will be whipped when he is found. 那个罪犯找到后就要挨鞭子抽打. 2 [Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] ~ sth (up) (into sth) stir (eggs, cream, etc) rapidly with a fork or some other instrument in order to make a stiff light mass 搅打（蛋、奶油等）: coffee with whipped cream 加入搅打奶油的咖啡* Whip the ingredients (up) into a smooth paste. 把配料搅打成均匀的糊状. 3 [Tn] (Brit infml 口) steal (sth) 偷（某物）: Who's whipped my umbrella? 谁把我的伞偷走了? 4 [Ipr, Ip, Tn.pr, Tn.p] (cause sb/sth to) move rapidly or suddenly in the direction specified （使某人[某物]）沿某方向快速或突然移动: The thief whipped round the corner and out of sight. 那个贼一溜烟儿转过街角就看不见了. * She whipped round just as he was about to attack her from behind. 他正要从她后面袭击她, 她一下子转过身来. * The branch whipped back and hit me in the face. 那树枝突然弹回打在我的脸上. * The intruder whipped out a knife (from his pocket). 闯进来的人突然（从他的衣袋里）掏出一把刀来. * The wind whipped several slates off (the roof). 那阵风（从屋顶上）刮下几块瓦来. * The star was whipped into a fast car and driven off. 那个明星迅速上了一辆汽车疾驶而去. 5 [Tn](a) sew (a seam, piece of cloth, etc) with stitches that pass over the edge, esp in order to prevent fraying 锁缝（布等的边）（尤指为防止 脱线）. (b) bind (a stitch, the end of a rope, etc) with a close tight covering of thread or string （用线 或绳）将（缝线、绳索末端等）缠紧. 6 (phr v) whip sb/sth on drive sb to go faster, work harder, etc; make (an animal) go faster by striking it with a whip 鞭策、驱使或督促某人快走、努力等; 用鞭 子抽打（动物）使之快走. whip sth/sb up (a) create(excitement, enthusiasm, etc) in people or cause (people) to be enthusiastic, etc; arouse 激发（情绪、热情等）; 激励（人们）; 唤起: They're trying to whip up support for their candidate. 他们竭力激励大家支持他们的候选人. * The people were whipped up into a frenzy by the speaker. 人们听了演说人的话群情激奋. (b) (infml 口) prepare (a meal, etc) very quickly 匆匆做（饭等）: I can easily whip you up some scrambled eggs. 我马上就能 给你炒点鸡蛋. whipping n. [C, U] (instance of) being beaten with a whip as a punishment 鞭打（作为惩罚）. whipping-boy n. person who is regularly made to take the blame and punishment for the faults of others; scapegoat 经常代人受过的人; 替罪羊: I am tired of being used as the whipping-boy for all the mistakes that are made in the office. 办公室里一出差错就让我背黑锅, 我已经忍无可忍了. whipping cream cream that is suitable for whipping (whip2) 可供搅打的奶油. whip-round n. (Brit infml 口) appeal for contributions from a group of people 募捐; 凑份子: a whip-round for (a Christmas present for) the office cleaners 为办公室清洁工凑份子（买圣诞礼物）. whipper-in / 9wIpEr 5In; ?@ hw-; 9hwIpL`In/ n (pl ~s-in) (also whip) person responsible for controlling the hounds during a hunt （打猎时）管猎狗的人. whipper-snapper / 5wIpE snpE(r); ?@ 5hwI-; `hwIpL9snApL/ n (dated infml derog 旧, 口, 贬) young and unimportant person who behaves in a cheeky or over-confident way 厚颜无耻的或妄自尊 大的年轻人. whippet / 5wIpIt; ?@ 5hw-; `hwIpIt/ n small thin dog similar to a greyhound, often used for racing 小 灵狗（常用作赛狗）. whirl / w\:l; ?@ hw-; hw[l/ v 1 [I, Ipr, Ip, Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] (cause sb/sth to) move quickly round and round （使某人[某物]）旋转, 打转, 回旋: the whirling blades of the fan 旋转著的风扇叶片 * The leaves whirled (round) as they fell. 树叶打著转飘落下来. * The wind whirled (up) the fallen leaves. 一阵风把落叶刮得旋转起来. * She whirled the rope round and round (her head). 她（在头上）一圈 一圈地旋转著绳带. * He whirled his partner round the dance floor. 他带著舞伴环绕舞池旋转. 2 [Ipr, Ip, Tn.pr, Tn.p] (cause sb/sth to) move or travel rapidly (in the specified direction) （使某人[某 物]）（沿某方向）迅速移动或行进: The houses whirled past us as the train gathered speed. 火车越 开越快, 周围的房子在我们旁边一闪而过. * He whirled them away/off in his new sports car. 他开 著他的新跑车载著他们疾驶而去. 3 [I] (of the brain, senses, etc) seem to go round and round, so that one feels confused or excited; reel （指头脑、知觉等）混乱不清, 异常兴奋; 头晕目眩: I couldn't sleep: my mind was still whirling from all I had seen and heard. 我睡不著觉, 所见所闻仍在 头脑中转来转去. whirl n. [sing] 1 whirling movement 旋转; 回旋: the whirl of the propeller blades 螺旋桨叶片的 旋转. 2 rapid succession of activities 一个紧接一个的活动: an endless whirl of parties 接连的无 尽无休的聚会* the social whirl 一连串的社交活动. 3 state of confusion 混乱: My mind is in a whirl. 我心里很乱. 4 (idm 习语) give sth a `whirl (infml 口) try sth as an experiment, to see if it is suitable, pleasant, etc 试试某事物（看是否恰当、合意等）: The job doesn't sound very exciting but I'll give it a whirl. 这个工作听起来没什麽意思, 可是我还是要去试一试. whirlpool n. place in a river or the sea where there are whirling currents; circular eddy （河水或海 水的）旋涡. whirlwind n. 1 funnel-shaped column of swiftly circulating air 旋风: [attrib 作定语] (fig 比喻) a whirlwind (ie very rapid) affair/courtship/romance 仓促间的暧昧关系[求婚/风流韵事]. 2 (idm 习 语) reap the whirlwind => reap. whirligig / 5w\:lIgIg; ?@ 5hw-; `hw[lI9-I-/ n 1 any of several types of spinning or whirling toy, esp a top 旋转式玩具; （尤指）陀螺. 2 = roundabout 1. whirr (also esp US whir) / w\:(r); ?@ hw-; hw[/ n (usu sing 通常作单数) continuous rapid buzzing or vibrating sound 连续而迅速的嗡嗡声或震动声: the whirr of a fan, motor, propeller 风扇、发动 机、螺旋桨的呼呼声. whirr (also esp US whir) v. [I] make this sound 发出嗡嗡声或震动声: The bird flew past, its wings whirring. 那只鸟飞了过去, 翅膀发出呼呼的声音. whisk / wIsk; ?@ hw-; hwIsk/ n 1 device (usu made of coiled wire) for whipping eggs, cream, etc （搅打蛋、奶油等的）搅拌器, 打蛋器（通常为金属圈制成的）. =>illus at kitchen 见kitchen 插图. 2 small brush made from a bunch of grass, twigs, bristles, etc tied to a handle （用乾草、细 枝、鬃毛等制的）小扫帚: a `fly-whisk 蝇拂. 3 quick light brushing movement (eg of a horse's tail) 掸, 拂（如马尾的摆动）. whisk v. 1 [Tn] move (sth) quickly through the air with a light sweeping movement 挥, 甩（某物）: The horse whisked its tail angrily. 那匹马发著怒甩动的尾巴. 2 [Tn] beat (eggs, etc) into a froth; whip 搅打（鸡蛋等）. 3 (phr v) whisk sth away/off brush sth quickly and lightly away as if with a whisk 刷去或扫掉某物: whisk the flies away 轰走苍蝇. whisk (sb/sth) away, off, etc go or take (sb/sth) away quickly and suddenly 突然匆匆走开或将（某人[某物]）带走: The waiter whisked away the food before we had finished. 服务员没等我们吃完就把饭菜都拿走了. * She (was) whisked up to the top floor in the lift. 她乘电梯迅速到达顶层. whisker / 5wIskE(r); ?@ 5hwI-; `hwIskL/ n 1 whiskers [pl] long hair growing on a man's face 络腮 胡子; 连鬓胡子. Cf 参看beard1 a, moustache 1. 2 [C] any of the long stiff hairs that grow near the mouth of a cat, rat, etc （猫、鼠等的）须. =>illus at App 1 见附录1 插图, page iii. 3 (idm 习 语) be the cat's whiskers/pyjamas => cat1. by a `whisker by a very small amount or margin 差一点儿: She missed the first prize by a whisker. 她只差一点儿就能得到头奖了. whiskered / 5wIskEd; ?@ 5hw-; `hwIskLd/, whiskery / 5wIskErI; US 5hw-; `hwIskErI/ adjs having whiskers 有络腮胡子的; （猫、鼠等）有须的. whisky ( Brit) (US or Irish 美式或爱尔兰式英语作whiskey) / 5wIskI; ?@ 5hwI-; `hwIskI/ n (a) [U] strong alcoholic drink distilled from malted grain (esp barley or rye) 威士忌: a bottle of whisky 一瓶 威士忌. (b) [C] type of this 威士忌: This is a very good whisky. 这种威士忌非常好. (c) [C] glass of this 一杯威士忌: Two whiskies, please. 请来两杯威士忌. whisper / 5wIspE(r); ?@ 5hwI-; `hwIspL/ v 1 (a) [I] speak softly, using the breath but without vibrating the vocal cords 声带不振动而用呼吸声说话; 低语; 小声说: Why are you whispering? 你为什麽低声说话? (b) [I, Ipr, Tn, Tn.pr, Tf, Dn.pr, Dpr.f, Dpr.t] ~ (about sb/sth); ~ sth (to sb) talk or say sth in this way, esp privately or secretly 小声说某事（尤指私事或秘密事）: Don't you know it's rude to whisper? 你难道不知道窃窃私语是不礼貌的吗? * He whispered a word in my ear. 他对我 附耳说了一句话. * `I feel very afraid,' she whispered. ｀我觉得很害怕,＇她低声说. * She whispered (to me) that she felt very afraid. 她小声（对我）说她觉得很害怕. * It is whispered(ie There is a rumour) that he is heavily in debt. 据说他负债累累. 2 [I] (of leaves, the wind, etc) make soft sounds; rustle （指叶子、风等）发沙沙声, 发飒飒声: The wind was whispering in the trees. 一 阵风穿过树林沙沙作响. whisper n. 1 whispering sound, speech or remark 低语; 小声说的话: He spoke in a whisper. 他 低声说话. 2 rumour 传言; 谣言: I've heard whispers that the firm is likely to go bankrupt. 我听到 传闻说公司很可能要破产. whispering campaign attack on sb's reputation made by passing malicious statements about him from person to person 散布 流言诽谤某人. whist / wIst; ?@ hwIst; hwIst/ n [U] card-game for two pairs of players, similar to bridge2 惠斯特（纸 牌游戏, 由两对游戏者参加, 类似桥牌）. whist drive series of games of whist played by several sets of partners at different tables, with certain players moving after each round to the next table 惠斯特组合赛（由几对参赛者在各桌进行, 某些参赛者一 局后换至下一桌）. whistle / 5wIsl; ?@ 5hwI-; `hwIsl/ n 1 (a) clear shrill sound made by forcing breath through a small hole between partly closed lips 口哨声: (fig 比喻) the whistle of a steam engine 蒸汽发动机的汽笛 声. (b) similar tuneful sound made by a bird 鸟发出的类似口哨的声音: the blackbird's whistle 黑鹂 的鸣叫声. 2 instrument used to produce a clear shrill sound, esp as a signal 哨子; 汽笛; 警笛: The referee blew his whistle. 裁判吹响了哨子. 3 (idm 习语) blow the whistle on sb/sth => blow1. clean as a whistle => clean1. wet one's whistle => wetv. whistle v. 1 (a) [I, Ipr, Ip] make the sound of a whistle 发出哨子或汽笛等的声音: The boy was whistling (away) cheerfully. 那个男孩愉快地（一直）吹著口哨. * A train whistled in the distance. 一 列火车在远处鸣响了汽笛. * The wind whistled through a crack in the door. 风从门的裂缝中呼呼 地刮了进来. (b) [Tn] produce (a tune) in this way 用口哨吹出（曲调）: He whistled a happy tune as he walked along. 他边走边用口哨吹著快乐的曲子.(c) [Ipr, Tn.pr, Tn.p, Dn.pr, Dpr.t] make a signal to (sb/sth) in this way 用口哨或汽笛等向（某人[某物]）发信号: She whistled her dog back. 她一吹 口哨就把她的狗唤了回来. * She whistled for her dog. 她吹口哨唤她的狗来. * He whistled to his friend to keep hidden. 他吹口哨通知朋友继续隐蔽. 2 [I, Ipr, Ip] move swiftly with a noise like a whistle 发出似口哨声迅速移动: A bullet whistled past his head. 一颗子弹嗖的一声从他头上经过. 3 (idm 习语) whistle in the `dark try to overcome one's fear in a frightening or dangerous situation 在 惊险情况下尽力给自己壮胆. 4 (phr v) whistle for sth (infml 口) wish for or expect sth in vain 徒 然希望或指望某事物: If he wants his money now he'll have to whistle for it, I'm afraid. 要是他现在 想要他的钱, 我看他是吹了. whistle-stop n. (a) (US) small railway station where trains stop only when signalled to do so （仅于 发出停车信号才停的）小火车站. (b) (fig 比喻) short stop made by a politician during an election campaign （竞选活动中政客的）短暂停留: [attrib 作定语] on a whistle-stop tour of the country 在 全国各地作短暂停留的竞选旅行. whit / wIt; ?@ hwIt; hwIt/ n [sing] (usu in negative sentences 通常用于否定句中) the smallest amount 极少的量; 一点儿: I don't care a whit (ie in the least) whether she stays or not. 我毫不在乎 她的去留. * I've read the report but I'm no whit the wiser, ie I don't understand it at all. 我看了这份 报告, 一点都不明白. Whit / wIt; ?@ hwIt; hwIt/ n [U, often attrib 常作定语] = whitsun: the Whit weekend 圣灵降临节的 周末. Whit Sunday the seventh Sunday after Easter; Pentecost 圣灵降临节（复活节后的第七个星期日）. white / waIt; ?@ hwaIt; hwaIt/ adj (-r, -st) 1 of the very palest colour, like fresh snow, common salt or milk 白的; 白色的: walls painted white 已刷成白色的墙壁* strong white teeth 健康洁白的牙 齿* Her hair has turned white, eg with age. 她的头发已经白了（如上了年纪）. * I like my coffee white, ie with milk or cream in it. 我喜欢加牛奶或奶油的咖啡. Cf 参看 black1. 2 of a pale-skinned race 白种人的. 3 ~ (with sth) (of a person) pale as a result of emotion or illness （指 人）（因情绪变化或生病）脸色苍白的: He was white with fury. 他气得脸色煞白. 4 (idm 习语) (in) black and white => black2. bleed sb white => bleed. show the white feather => show2. (as) ,white as a `sheet very pale, esp as a result of fear or shock 苍白的（尤指因恐惧或震惊所致）: She went as white as a sheet when she heard the news. 她听到这个消息顿时脸色苍白. (as) white as `snow very white 雪白的; 极白的: an old man with hair as white as snow 一个白发苍苍的老先生. a white elephant possession that is useless and often expensive to maintain 无用的而常指保管昂贵的东西. white v. [Tn] (idm 习语) a whited `sepulchre (fml 文) person who seems to be good, but is really evil; hypocrite 伪君子. whiten / 5waItn; ?@ 5hwaI-; `hwaItn/ v [I, Tn] (cause sth to) become white or whiter （使某物）变 白或更白: whiten one's tennis shoes 刷白自己的网球鞋. whiteness n. [U]. whitish adj. tending towards white; fairly white 发白的; 稍白的: a whitish blue 略白的蓝色 * a whitish dress 发白的连衣裙. white ant = termite. whitebait n. [U] young herrings, sprats or other small silvery white fish that are eaten whole as food 鲱、西鲱的幼鱼或其他银白色小鱼（可整条食用）. white cell, ,white corpuscle any of the cells in the blood that fight infection; leucocyte 白血球. Cf 参看red corpuscle (red1). white coffee coffee with milk or cream added 加牛奶或奶油的咖啡. white-collar adj. [usu attrib 通常作定语] (of a job, worker, etc) not manual （指工作、工作者等） 白领的（不使用体力的）. Cf 参看 blue-collar (blue1). white dwarf small, very dense, faint star 白矮星. Cf 参看red giant (red1). white ensign flag flown by ships of the British navy 英国皇家海军军旗. Cf 参看red ensign (red1). white flag symbol of surrender 白旗（投降的标志）. white heat high temperature at which metal looks white 白热; 白炽. white horses waves in the sea with white crests on them 白浪. white hope ( infml 口) person who is expected to bring success to a team, group, etc 可望给一队、 一集体等带来成功的人: He was once the great white hope of the Labour Party. 他一度是工党中深 孚众望的人. white-hot adj. at white heat; extremely hot 白热的; 炽热的. the White House ( a) the official residence (in Washington DC) of the President of the USA 白宫 （美国总统府, 位于美国首都华盛顿）. (b) the US President and his advisers 白宫; 美国总统及其 顾问: The White House has denied the report. 白宫已否认这一报道. white lead poisonous compound of lead carbonate, used as a pigment 白铅（碳酸铅, 有毒, 用作颜料）. white lie harmless or trivial lie, esp one told in order to avoid hurting sb 无害的或无关紧要的谎话（尤指为避 免伤及某人而说的）. white man (fem 阴性作 `white woman) member of a pale-skinned race; Caucasian 白人; 白种人: remote areas where no white man had ever been 白种人没到过的偏远地区. white meat ( a) poultry, veal or pork 白色肉（家禽肉、小牛肉或猪肉）. (b) meat from the breast of a cooked chicken or other bird （烹调的鸡肉或其他禽肉的）胸脯肉. Cf 参看red meat (red2). white noise noise that contains many frequencies with approximately equal energies 白噪声; 白噪音. White Paper ( Brit) report published by the government about its policy on a matter that is to be considered by Parliament 白皮书. Cf 参看Green Paper (green1). white pepper pepper made by grinding peppercorns after the husks have been removed 白胡椒. white sauce sauce made from butter, flour and milk 白沙司（用黄油、面粉、牛奶制成的调味汁）: Add cheese to the white sauce. 在白沙司里加上奶酪. white slave woman forced into becoming a prostitute, esp in a foreign country 被迫为娼的女子（尤指在国外）: [attrib 作定语] the white-`slave trade/traffic 迫良为娼的买卖. ,white `slavery. white spirit ( esp Brit) light petroleum used as a paint solvent or cleaning substance 石油溶剂: remove paint from the brushes with white spirit 用石油溶剂除去刷子上的油漆. white tie ( man's white bow-tie worn as part of) full formal evening dress （男用）全套正式晚礼服 （配用的白领结）: [attrib 作定语] Is it a white-tie affair? 参加这个聚会是不是得穿全套晚礼服? whitewash n. 1 [U] powdered lime or chalk mixed with water, used for painting （粉刷用的）石 灰水. 2 [C, U] (fig 比喻) (process of) hiding sb's errors, faults, etc 粉饰; 掩饰: The opposition dismissed the report as a whitewash. 反对党认为这份报告文过饰非不予理会. v [Tn] 1 put whitewash on (a wall, etc) 粉刷（墙壁等）: whitewash the outside of the cottage 粉刷农舍的外墙. 2 try to make (sb, sb's reputation, etc) appear blameless by hiding errors, faults, etc 为（某人、某人 的名誉等）涂脂抹粉. white wedding wedding at which the bride wears a white dress, esp one that takes place in a church 新娘穿白色礼服 的婚礼（尤指在教堂举行的）. white wine wine that is very pale yellow, amber or golden 白葡萄酒; 浅色果酒. Cf 参看red wine (red1), rose. Whitehall / 5waIthR:l; ?@ 5hwaI-; `hwaIt9hRl/ n (a) [U] street in London where there are many Government offices 怀特霍尔（伦敦一街道, 政府机关所在地）: Rumours are circulating in Whitehall. 怀特霍尔街上流传著谣言. (b) [Gp] the British Government 白厅; 英国政府: Whitehall is/are refusing to confirm the reports. 英国政府对这些报道不予证实. whither / 5wITE(r); ?@ 5hwI-; `hwITL/ adv (arch or rhet 古或修辞) to what place or state 向何处; 到何种情况: Whither goest thou? 汝欲何往? * Whither (ie What is the likely future of) the shipping industry? 航运业何去何从? whiting / 5waItIN; ?@ 5hwaI-; `hwaItIN/ n (pl unchanged 复数不变) any of several types of small silvery-grey sea-fish 牙鳕（多种银灰色小海鱼）. whiting / 5waItIN; ?@ 5hwaI-; `hwaItIN/ (also whitening / 5waItnIN; ?@ 5hwaI-; `hwaItnIN/) n [U] powdered white chalk used for making whitewash, silver polish, etc （用于粉刷、擦亮银器等的） 白垩粉. whitlow / 5wItlEU; ?@ 5hwI-; `hwItlo/ n small painfully inflamed place on a finger or toe, esp near a nail 瘭疽; 化脓性指头炎. Whitsun / 5wItsn; ?@ 5hwI-; `hwItsn/ (also Whit / wIt; ?@ hwIt; hwIt/) n Whit Sunday and the days close to it 圣灵降临节及其前后几天. Whitsuntide / -taId; -9taId/ n = Whitsun. whittle / 5wItl; ?@ 5hwI-; `hwItl/ v 1 (a) [Ipr, Tn] ~ (at) sth cut thin slices or strips off (wood, etc) 削（木头等）. (b) [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ A (from B); ~ B (into A) make or shape (sth) by doing this 削成（某 物）: whittling a tent-peg from a branch/a branch into a tent-peg 把树枝削成帐篷钉. 2 (phr v) whittle sth away gradually remove or decrease sth 逐渐削减某事物: Inflation has whittled away their savings. 通货膨胀蚕食了他们的积蓄. whittle sth down (a) make sth thinner by cutting off fine slices with a knife 用刀将某物削薄. (b) reduce the size of sth gradually 逐渐减少某事物: The number of employees is being whittled down in order to reduce costs. 为节省开支现正逐渐裁员. whiz / wIz; ?@ hwIz; hwIz/ v (-zz-) [I, Ipr, Ip] (a) make a sound like that of an object moving very fast through the air 发出如物体急速穿过空气的声音: A bullet whizzed past my ear. 一颗子弹嗖的一声 从我耳边飞过. (b) (infml 口) move very fast 高速移动: whizzing along (the motorway) （在高速公 路上）飞速行驶. whiz NOTE ON USAGE 用法: Compare zoom, whiz, zip, shoot, dart, and nip. 试比较zoom 、 whiz 、 zip 、 shoot 、 dart 、 nip 这几个动词. Zoom and whiz are both informal and indicate the rapid noisy movement of a vehicle, etc. *zoom 与whiz 均为口语用词, 指车等快速行驶同时发出声响. Zoom suggests a low engine noise; whiz suggests a high whistling sound *zoom 指发动机的低声, whiz 指似口哨或汽笛的高声: The jet zoomed low over the houses, frightening everyone. 那架喷气 式飞机低飞掠过房顶, 隆隆声把大家吓了一跳. * A bullet whizzed past my ear. 一颗子弹嗖的一 声从我耳边飞过. Zip also describes a vehicle moving fast but does not suggest noise. *zip 也指车快 速行驶, 但不含发出声响之意. It can refer to people getting through a task or a process quickly 这 个词还可指人迅速完成一任务或经过一过程: These new trains really zip along. 这些新列车行驶 得可真快. * We were lucky we just zipped through customs. 我们很运气--一下子就过了海关. Shoot and dart indicate the sudden rapid movement of a person, an animal or a thing *shoot 和dart 指 人、动物或东西突然快速移动: A car suddenly shot out of a side road and nearly hit me. 有一辆汽 车冷不防从岔道上冲出, 险些撞著我. * The boy suddenly darted across the road in front of the bus. 那个男孩突然从公共汽车前面冲过马路. Nip is informal, indicating someone hurrying somewhere for a short time and for a particular purpose *nip 是口语用词, 指某人为某目的匆匆去一 下某处: I must nip round to the shops for some milk. 我得赶快到商店转一圈买点儿牛奶. whiz-kid / 5wIzkId; ?@ 5hwIz-; `hwIz9kId/ n (infml sometimes derog 口, 有时作贬义) person who becomes successful very quickly 迅速获得成功的人: The new manager is a real whiz-kid. 新经理是 个平地青云的人. who / hu:; hu/ interrog pron 1 (used as the subject of a v to ask about the name, identity or function of one or more people 用作动词的主体, 用以询问人的姓名、身分或职位): Who is the woman in the black hat? 戴黑帽子的那个女的是谁? * I wonder who phoned this morning. 我不知道今天上午 谁打来过电话. * Who are the men in white coats? 穿著白大衣的那些男的是什麽人? * Do you know who broke the window? 你知道是谁把窗户打破的吗? 2 (infml 口) (used as the object of a v or prep 用作动词或介词的宾语): Who did you see at church? 你做礼拜时看见谁了? * Who are you phoning? 你给谁打电话呢? * Who shall I give it to? 我把这个给谁? * Who is the money for? 这钱是给谁的? 3 (idm 习语) who am `I, are `you, is `she, etc, to do sth? what right, authority, etc have I, etc to do sth 我、你、她等有什麽权利、资格等做某事: Who are you to tell me I can't leave my bicycle here? It's not your house. 你凭什麽不让我把自行车放在这儿? 这又不是你们家. (know, learn, etc) who's `who (be informed about) people's names, jobs, status, etc （知道）人的名字、工 作、身分等; （了解）谁是谁: You'll soon find out who's who in this department. 你很快就能弄清 楚这个部门每个人的情况. who rel pron 关系代词1 (a) (in clauses which define the preceding n 用于限定先行名词的从句中): the man/men who wanted to meet you 想要见你的人* The people who called yesterday want to buy the house. 昨天打来电话的人想买这所房子. (b) (in clauses which do not define the preceding n 用 于不限定先行名词的从句中): My wife, who is out at the moment, will phone you when she gets back. 我们太太现在出去了, 等她回来给你去电话. * Mrs Smith, who has a lot of teaching experience, will be joining us in the spring. 史密斯夫人很有教学经验, 她将在春天来和我们一道 工作. 2 (used as the object of a v or prep 用作动词或介词的宾语) (a) (in a defining clause, where it can be omitted 用于限定性从句中, 此时who 字可省去不用): The couple (who) we met on holiday have sent us a card. 我们度假时遇到的那对夫妇给我们寄来一张明信片. * The boy (who) I spoke to a moment ago is the son of my employer. 那个男孩, 就是我刚才和他说话的那个, 是我 们雇主的儿子. (b) (in a non-defining clause 用于非限定性从句中): Mary, who we were talking about earlier, has just walked in. 玛丽, 我们刚才还说她来著, 已经进来了. =>Usage at whom 用 法见 whom. WHO / 9dQblju: eItF 5EU; 9dQbljJ etF `o/ abbr 缩写= World Health Organization 世界卫生组织. who'd / hu:d; hud/ contracted form 缩约式1 who had => have. 2 who would => will1, would2. who'll / hu:l; hul/ contracted form 缩约式who will => will1. who're / 5hu:E(r); `huL/ contracted form 缩约式who are => be. who're / 5hu:E(r); `huL/ contracted form 缩约式who are => be. who's / hu:z; huz/ contracted form 缩约式1 who is => be. 2 who has => have. who've / hu:v; huv/ contracted form 缩约式who have => have. whoa / wEU; wo/ interj (used as a command to a horse, etc to stop or stand still 用以叫马停下来或站 住不动的口令). whodunit (also whodunnit) / 9hu:5dQnIt; hu`dQnIt/ n (infml 口) detective story or play in which the person who does the crime is only revealed at the end （在故事情节中作案罪犯在结局时才揭示出 来的）侦探小说或戏剧: her latest whodunit 她最新的一部悬疑侦探小说. whoever / hu:5evE(r); hu`ZvL/ pron 1 the person who ...的那个人: Whoever says that is a liar. 说 那话的人是个骗子. * You're responsible to whoever is in charge of sales. 你要向主管销售的人负责. 2 regardless of who 无论谁: Whoever wants to speak to me on the phone, tell them I'm busy. 不管谁 要我接电话, 就说我现在正忙著呢. * Tell whoever you like it makes no difference to me. 你愿意 告诉谁就告诉谁--对我来说都无所谓. whoever interrog pron (expressing surprise 用以表示惊讶) who （究竟）谁: Whoever heard of such a thing! 谁听说过这种事! whole / hEUl; hol/ adj 1 [attrib 作定语] entire; complete 完全的; 整体的; 全部的: three whole days 三整天* We drank a whole bottle each. 我们每人都喝了整整一瓶. * The whole town was destroyed by the earthquake. 整个小镇已遭地震摧毁. * (infml 口) The whole country (ie All the people in it) mourned the death of the queen. 举国哀悼女王晏驾. * I've sold the whole lot, ie everything. 我把所有东西都卖了. * Let's forget the whole affair/matter/thing. 咱们完全不要再想 这件事了. * Tell me the whole truth. 把实情一五一十都告诉我. =>Usage at half1 用法见half1. 2 not broken, damaged or injured; intact 完整的; 无损伤的: After the party, there wasn't a glass left whole. 这场聚会结束时, 玻璃杯连一个完整的也没剩下. * cook sth whole, ie without cutting it up 烹治整个儿的某物（不切开）* swallow sth whole, ie without chewing it 把某物囫囵吞下（不咀 嚼） * (fml 文) make sb whole, ie well again (after injury or illness) 使某人痊愈. 3 (idm 习语) go the whole hog (infml 口) do sth thoroughly or completely 彻底地或完全地做某事: They painted the kitchen and then decided to go the whole hog and redecorate the other rooms as well. 他们粉刷了厨 房, 后来又决心干到底, 把其他房间也都修饰了一番. the whole bag of `tricks/ ca`boodle/ she`bang/ `shooting match (infml 口) the whole collection of facts or things 全部事物: I just threw the whole caboodle in the back of the car. 我把所有东西都扔到汽车后座上去了. * They bought the house, the land, the stables the whole shooting match. 他们买下了那所房子、那片土地、那个 马厩--所有东西都一齐买下了. a whole lot (of sth) (infml 口) a large number or amount 大量: a whole lot of reasons for not doing it 不做这件事的许许多多理由* a whole lot of trouble 很多麻烦. with all one's heart/one's whole heart => heart. whole n. 1 [C] thing that is complete in itself 自成完整的事物; 整体; 整个; 全体: Four quarters make a whole. 四个四分之一可构成一个整体. * A whole is greater than any of its parts. 整体大于其 组成部分. =>Usage at half1 用法见half1. 2 [sing] ~ of sth all that there is of sth 某事物的全部: She spent the whole of the year in hospital. 她住院住了整整一年了. 3 (idm 习语) as a `whole (a) as one thing or piece and not as separate parts 作为整体: Is the collection going to be divided up or sold as a whole? 这批收藏品是零卖还是一起卖? (b) in general 普遍说来; 一般地说: The population as a whole is/are in favour of the reform. 全体人民普遍拥护改革. on the whole considering everything 总的说来; 一切都考虑在内: On the whole, I'm in favour of the proposal. 总的说来, 我赞成这个提 议. wholeness n. [U]. wholly / 5hEUllI; `holI/ adv completely; entirely 完全地; 全部地: not a wholly successful book 并 不十分成功的书* I'm not wholly convinced by your argument. 您的论证我尚未尽以为然. whole food, `whole foods food that has not been processed or refined and is free from artificial substances 全部原食物（未经加 工或精炼而无人造物质食物）: [attrib 作定语] a whole-food restaurant 全部原食物餐厅. whole-hearted adj. without doubts or hesitation 全心全意的: give ,wholehearted support 给予全心 全意的支持. whole-heartedly adv: wholeheartedly in favour of the scheme 全心全意赞成这项计画. whole holiday single whole day taken as a holiday, esp at a school 一整天的假（尤指学校的）. wholemeal n. [U] flour that is made from the whole grain of wheat, etc including the husk 全麦面 粉: [attrib 作定语] wholemeal bread 全麦面包. whole note ( US) = semibreve. whole number ( mathematics 数) number that consists of one or more units, with no fractions; integer 整数. wholesale / 5hEUlseIl; `hol9sel/ n [U, usu attrib 通常作定语] selling of goods (esp in large quantities) to shopkeepers for resale to the public 批发; 趸批出卖: the wholesale trade 批发业 * wholesale prices 批发价格. Cf 参看 retail. wholesale adj, adv (a) of, involving or engaged in wholesale as a method of trading 批发（的）; 趸批出卖（的）: We buy our supplies wholesale. 我们以批发交易方式进货. (b) (often derog 常作贬义) on a large scale 大规模（的）: the wholesale slaughter of innocent people 大批屠杀无辜百姓. wholesale v. [Tn] sell (goods) wholesale 批发（货物）. wholesaler n. wholesome / 5hEUlsEm; `holsEm/ adj (a) good for one's health or well-being 有益于健康的: plain but wholesome meals 清淡却有益于健康的饭菜 * (fig 比喻) wholesome advice 有益的劝告. (b) suggesting a healthy condition 显示健康的: have a wholesome appearance 显出健康的样子. wholesomeness n. [U]. wholly => whole. whom / hu:m; hum/ interrog pron (fml 文) (used as the object of a v or prep 用作动词或介词的宾语) which person or people 谁: Whom did they invite? 他们邀请谁了? * To whom should I refer the matter? 我应该找谁办这件事? * By whom was the order executed? 这项命令是谁执行的? whom rel pron 关系代词 (fml 文) 1 (used as the object of a v or prep introducing a clause that describes a person 用作动词或介词的宾语, 以引导出修饰人的从句): The author whom you criticized in your review has written a letter in reply. 您在评论中批评的那个作者已经写了一封回信. * The person to whom this letter was addressed died three years ago. 这封信的收信人三年前就去世了. 2 (used esp in formal written English as the object of a v or prep in a non-defining clause 尤用于庄重的书面 语中, 作动词或介词的宾语以引导出非限定从句): My parents, whom I'm sure you remember, passed away within a week of one another. 我的父母, 您一定还记得他们的, 已于一周内相继去世. * Her elder daughter, in whom she placed the greatest trust, failed to match her expectations. 她的长 女, 她对之无比信任, 却辜负了她的期望. whom NOTE ON USAGE 用法: Whom is rarely used in everyday language. 在日常使用的语言中 很少用到 whom 这个词. Who is more common as the object form, especially in questions 与之相 比, who 倒常用作宾语, 尤用于疑问句中: Who did you see at the party? 你在聚会中看见谁了? Whom is necessary after prepositions 在介词后面必须用whom: With whom did you go? 您是同何 人一道去的? This use of preposition + whom is very formal and occurs especially in writing. 这种｀ 介词+whom＇的用法极为庄重且特别用于书面语中. In informal language we say 在口语中应说: Who did you go with? 您是跟谁一起去的? In defining relative clauses whom is also unusual. 在限 定性关系从句中也很少用 whom 这个词. The object pronoun is often omitted or replaced by who or that 在这种从句中, 宾格代词 whom 往往省去不用, 或用who 或that 代之: The students(whom/who/that) we examined last week were excellent. 我们上星期考的学生都好极了. In non-defining relative clauses whom or who (not that) is used and the pronoun cannot be omitted 在非 限定性关系从句中, 要用 whom 或 who（不可用that ）而且不可省略: Our doctor, whom/who we all like very much, is leaving. 常给我们看病的那个医生, 我们都非常喜欢他, 他要走了. This construction is uncommon in spoken English. 这种结构很少用于口语中. whoop / hu:p, wu:p; ?@ hwu:p; hwup/ n 1 loud cry, esp one expressing joy or excitement 大叫, 呼 喊（尤指表达喜悦或兴奋的）: They opened the parcel with whoops of delight. 他们打开包裹, 高 兴地叫喊起来. 2 harsh gasping sound made by sb with whooping cough （百日咳患者的）咳嗽和 哮喘声. whoop v. [I] 1 utter a loud (joyful or excited) cry 发出（喜悦的或激动的）叫喊声: whoop with joy 欢呼. 2 cough with a whoop(2) 发出咳嗽和哮喘声. 3 (idm 习语) ,whoop it `up / wu:p; ?@ hwUp; hwJp/ (infml 口) take part in noisy celebrations 欢闹; 狂欢庆祝: After their victory they were whooping it up all night long. 他们获胜后通宵狂欢庆祝. whooping cough infectious disease, esp of children, with gasping coughs and long rasping intakes of breath 百日咳. whooping crane large N American bird that makes a whooping sound ( whoop 2 ) 高鸣鹤（产于北美）. whoopee / 5wUpi:; ?@ 5hwU-; `hwJpi/ interj (expressing joy 表示喜悦的呼喊). whoopee n. (idm 习语) make `whoopee (dated infml 旧, 口) rejoice or celebrate noisily 欢闹; 狂 欢庆祝. whoops / wUps; wJps/ interj (infml 口) (a) (used when one has almost had an accident, broken sth, etc 用于险些出事故、打破某物等时): Whoops! I nearly dropped the tray. 哎哟! 我差点儿把托盘弄掉 了. (b) (used to express apology or regret when one has said something tactless, revealed a secret, etc 说了唐突的话、泄露了秘密等时, 用以表示歉意或悔意). whop / wCp; ?@ hwCp; hwBp/ v (-pp-) [Tn] (infml 口esp US) thrash or defeat (sb) 痛打, 打败（某 人）. whopper n. (infml 口) (a) thing that is very big of its kind （同类中的）极大的事物: The fisherman had caught a whopper. 那个打鱼的捕到一条特大的鱼. (b) big lie 弥天大谎: If she said that, she was telling a real whopper. 要是她那麽说的, 她就是说了个大瞎话. whopping ( infml 口) adj very big 极大的: a whopping lie 大瞎话. adv (infml 口) very 非常: a whopping big hole in the ground 地上的一个极大的洞. whore / hR:(r); hRr/ n (dated or derog 旧或贬) (a) prostitute 妓女; 男妓. (b) sexually immoral woman 性关系不道德的女子. whore-house n. (dated or derog 旧或贬) brothel 妓院. whorl / w\:l; ?@ hw-; hw[l/ n 1 one turn of a spiral （一圈）螺纹. 2 complete circle formed by the ridges of a fingerprint （指纹的）涡. 3 ring of leaves, petals, etc round the stem of a plant 轮生体 （环生于植物茎部的叶、花瓣等）. whortleberry / 5w\:tlberI; ?@ 5hw\:rtlberI; `hw[tl9bZrI/ n = bilberry. whose / hu:z; huz/ interrog pron, interrog det of whom 谁的: Whose (house) is that? 那是谁的（房 子）? * I wonder whose (book) this is. 我不知道这是谁的（书）. whose rel det 关系限定词of whom; (less commonly) of which 谁的; 哪个的（不常用）: the boy whose father is in prison 他父亲正在坐牢的那个男孩儿* the people whose house was broken into last week 上星期闹贼的那家人* the house whose door has a glass panel, ie instead of the house with a door with a glass panel 门上镶著玻璃的那所房子. why / waI; ?@ hwaI; hwaI/ interrog adv 1 for what reason or purpose 为什麽原因或目的: Why were you late? 你为什麽迟到? * Why did you buy a spade? 你买铁干什麽? * Tell me why you did it. 告诉我你为什麽干那件事? * Do you know why the door is locked? 你知道不知道门为什麽 锁上了? 2 (used in front of a v to suggest that sth is unacceptable or unnecessary 用于动词前表示 某事不可取或不必要): Why get upset just because you got a bad mark? 何必因为得的分数差就想 不开? * Why bother to write? We'll see him tomorrow. 还写信干什麽? 我们明天就见到他了. 3 (idm 习语) why ever (used to express surprise 用以表示惊讶) why （究竟）为什麽, 怎麽: Why ever didn't you tell us before? 你怎麽不早告诉我们呢? why not (used to make or agree to a suggestion 用以提出一建议或对一建议表示同意): Why not go now? 现在就去好不好? * `Let's go to the cinema.' `Why not?' ｀咱们去看电影吧.＇｀好哇.＇ why rel adv 关系副词(used esp after reason 尤用于 reason 一词之后) for which (reason) 因此（原因）: the reason why he left her 他离开她的原因* That is (the reason) why I came early. 这就是我来早 了的原因. why interj (expressing surprise, impatience, etc 用以表示惊讶、不耐烦等): Why, it's you! 呦, 是你呀! * Why, it's easy a child could do it! , 这很容易--连孩子都会! why n. (idm 习语) the whys and (the) wherefores the reasons 原因; 缘故; 理由: I don't need to hear all the whys and the wherefores, I just want to know what happened. 我无需听那些大道理, 我 只想知道是怎麽了. WI abbr. 缩写= 1 (esp in addresses) West Indies （尤用作地址上的字样）西印度群岛. 2 / 9dQblju: 5aI; 9dQbljJ `aI/(Brit infml 口) Women's Institute 妇女协会. wick / wIk; wIk/ n 1 (a) length of thread in the centre of a candle, the top end of which is lit and burns as the wax melts 蜡烛心. =>illus at candle 见candle 插图. (b) flat or rounded length of woven material by which oil is drawn up to be burnt, in oil-lamps, oil-stoves and some types of cigarette lighter 灯心; （某些类型的打火机的）油绳: trim the wick of a lamp 修剪灯心. 2 (idm 习语) get on sb's `wick (Brit infml 口) irritate sb continually 不断招惹某人. wicked / 5wIkId; `wIkId/ adj (-er, -est) 1 (of a person or his actions) morally bad; sinful or evil （指 人或人的行为）不道德的, 缺德的, 邪恶的: That was very wicked of you. 你干的事可真缺德. * a wicked deed, lie, plot 邪恶的行为、谎言、阴谋 * (fig 比喻) wicked (ie very high) prices 邪乎的 （极高的）价格* wicked (ie very bad or unpleasant) weather 糟糕的天气. 2 intended to harm or capable of harming 意欲伤害的; 有伤害能力的: a wicked blow 意欲打伤的一击 * a wicked-looking knife 杀气腾腾的刀. 3 mischievous 淘气的; 顽皮的: a wicked sense of humour 恶作剧的幽默感. the wicked n. [pl v] 1 wicked people 恶人. 2 (idm 习语) (there's) no peace, rest, etc for the `wicked (saying usu joc 谚, 通常作戏谑语) wrongdoers have (and must expect) a life full of fear, worry, etc 恶人永无宁日. wickedly adv: The knife gleamed wickedly in the moonlight. 那把刀在月光下闪著凶光. wickedness n. [U]. wicker / 5wIkE(r); `wIkL/ n [U] twigs or canes woven together, esp to make baskets or furniture 编结 的树枝或藤条（尤指为制作篮、筐或家具用的）: [attrib 作定语] a wicker chair 藤椅. wickerwork n. [U] baskets, furniture, etc made of wicker （用枝条制作的）篮、筐、家具等: [attrib 作定语] wickerwork chairs 藤椅. wicket / 5wIkIt; `wIkIt/ n 1 small door or gate, esp one at the side of (or part of) a larger one 小门 （尤指大门旁的或大门上的）. 2 (a) (in cricket) either of the two sets of three stumps (with cross-pieces called bails on), at which the ball is bowled and which is defended by the batsman （板 球）三柱门: take a wicket, ie dismiss a batsman 把一击球员杀出局* Surrey are four wickets down/have lost four wickets, ie Four of their batsmen are out. 萨里队有四名击球员出局. * We won by six wickets, ie won with seven of our batsman not out. 我们队以七名击球员未出局而获胜. =>illus at cricket 见cricket 插图. (b) stretch of ground between the two wickets 两座三柱门之间的 场地: a fast/slow wicket, ie one on which the ball bounces at a quick/slow pace when bowled 球弹起 快[慢]的场地 * (fig infml 比喻, 口)be on an easy, good, soft, sticky, etc wicket, ie be in circumstances, a job, etc of the type specified 处于舒适的、良好的、轻松的、困难的等环境. 3 (idm 习语) keep `wicket act as a wicket-keeper 防守三柱门. leg before wicket => leg. pitch wickets => pitch2. wicket-keeper n. (in cricket) player who stands behind the wicket in order to stop balls that the batsman misses, to catch balls that the batsman hits, etc （板球）三柱门守门员. =>illus at cricket 见 cricket 插图. wide / waId; waId/ adj (-r, -st) 1 (a) measuring much from side to side; not narrow 宽的; 宽阔的: a wide river 宽阔的河* The gap in the fence was just wide enough for the sheep to get through. 篱笆 上的豁口宽度刚好能让羊钻过去. * (fig 比喻) a wide (ie large) selection 广泛的可供选择的范围. Cf 参看broad1 1. (b) having the specified width 有某宽度的: The garden is thirty feet wide. 这个 花园三十英尺宽. * a two-inch-wide ribbon 两英寸宽的带子. 2 extending over a large area 广大 的; 宽广的: the whole wide world 整个大世界* a manager with wide experience of industry 在工 业方面有丰富经验的经理* The affair raises wider issues of national interest. 此事向全民提出了 广为关注的问题.3 fully open 完全张开的: She stared at him with eyes wide. 她睁大了眼睛注视著 他. 4 far from the point aimed at 远离目标的: Her shot was wide (of the target). 她射的离目标很 远. 5 (idm 习语) be/fall wide of the `mark be inaccurate or far from the point aimed at 不准确的; 离目的远的: His guesses were all very wide of the mark. 他猜得都很离谱. give sb/sth a wide `berth remain at a safe distance from sb/sth 与某人[某事物]保持安全距离: He's so boring that I always try to give him a wide berth at parties. 他这个人很没意思, 在聚会上我总是对他退避三舍. wide adv 1 to the full extent; fully 充分地; 完全地: wide awake 完全清醒* with legs wide apart 两腿 劈开很大* Open your mouth wide. 把嘴张大. 2 (idm 习语) cast one's net wide => cast1. far and near/wide => far. wide `open (of a contest) with no competitor who is a certain winner （指竞赛）没 有一个参赛者有必胜把握的. 3 wide open (to sth) exposed (to attack, etc) （对于外来的攻击等） 敞开著的, 暴露著的, 可以受到的: wide open to criticism 尽可受到批评. ,widea`wake adj(infml approv 口, 褒) alert 警觉的; 警惕的: a ,wideawake young `woman, ie one who realizes what is going on, etc and is not easily deceived 机敏的年轻女子. `widespreadadj found or distributed over a large area 遍布的; 大面积的: widespread damage, confusion 大面积的损坏、各处呈现的混乱. wide n. (in cricket) ball that is judged by the umpire to be bowled outside the batsman's reach （板 球）（裁判认为投的球为）坏球. -wide ( forming adjs and advs 用以构成形容词和副词) extending to the whole of sth 达到某处全 部范围: a nationwide search * travelled worldwide. widely adv 1 to a large extent or degree 达到大的范围或程度: differing widely in their opinions 他们的 意见分歧很大. 2 over a large area 广泛地; 遍布: widely scattered 遍及各处* It is widely known that... 众所周知.... widen / 5waIdn; `waIdn/ v [I, Tn] (cause sth to) become wider （使某物）变宽; 加宽; 放宽: The road is being widened. 这条路正在拓宽. * He wants to widen his knowledge of the industry. 他想扩 充自己在这一行业的知识. wide-angle lens camera lens that can give a wider field of vision than a standard lens 广角透镜. wide boy ( dated Brit infml derog 旧, 口, 贬) person who is shrewd, unscrupulous and often dishonest, esp in business 刁滑的、肆行无忌的且常为不诚实的人（尤指做生意时）. wide-eyed adj. with eyes open widely in amazement or innocent surprise 睁大眼睛的, 目瞪口呆的 （因惊奇或少见多怪）. wide-ranging adj. covering a large area or many subjects 范围或内容广泛的: ,wide-ranging investigations 范围广泛的调查. widgeon / 5wIdVEn; `wIdVEn/ n (pl unchanged or ~s 复数或不变或作widgeons) any of several types of wild duck 凫; 野鸭. widow / 5wIdEU; `wIdo/ n woman whose husband has died and who has not married again 寡妇; 孀 妇: She has been a widow for ten years. 她守寡十年了. * He married his brother's widow. 他娶了他 哥哥的遗孀. widow v. [Tn esp passive 尤用于被动语态] cause (sb) to become a widow or widower 使（某人） 成寡妇或鳏夫: She was widowed at an early age. 她年轻时就成了寡妇. * Many people were widowed by the war. 很多人因战乱丧偶. widowhood n. [U] state or time of being a widow 守寡; 孀居. widower / 5wIdEUE(r); `wIdEwL/ n man whose wife has died and who has not married again 鳏夫. width / wIdW, wItW; wIdW, wItW/ n 1 (a) [U, C] measurement from side to side 宽度: 10 metres in width 10 米宽* measure the width of the floor 测量地板的宽度* The carpet is available in various widths. 地毯现货尺寸齐全. =>illus at dimension 见dimension 插图. (b) [C] piece of material of a certain width 呈某宽度的材料: Two widths of cloth were joined to make the curtain. 是用两幅布料 拼成的这个帘子. 2 [U] quality or state of being wide; wideness 宽; 广: The river can be used by many ships because of its width. 这条河很宽可容许多船航行. * (fig 比喻) width of experience, knowledge, mind 经验之丰富、知识之广博、心胸之宽阔. 3 [C] distance between the sides of a swimming-pool 游泳池横向两边之间的距离: She can swim two widths now. 她现在能在游泳池 里横向游一个来回了. widthways adv along the width and not the length 沿宽边（非沿长边）: The fabric was folded widthways. 这块 织物是沿宽边摺起的. wield / wi:ld; wild/ v [Tn] hold in one's hand(s) and use (a weapon, tool, etc) 手持著使用（武器、工 具等）: wield an axe, a sword, a tennis racket 使用斧头、剑、网球拍 * (fig 比喻) wield authority, control, power, etc 运用权力、控制手段、权势等. wiener / 5wi:nE(r); `winL/ n (US) = frankfurter. wife / waIf; waIf/ n (pl wives / waIvz; waIvz/) 1 married woman, esp when considered in relation to her husband 已婚女子; 妻: the doctor's wife 那个医生的妻子* She was a good wife and mother. 她是贤妻良母. 2 (idm 习语) husband and wife => husband. an old wives' tale => old. all the world and his wife => world. wifely adj. of, like or expected of a wife （似）妻子的; 为妻（应有）的: wifely duties, support, virtues 做妻子的责任、支持、美德. wig / wIg; wI-/ n covering for the head made of real or artificial hair, worn to hide baldness, or in a lawcourt by barristers and judges, or by actors as part of a costume 假发: She disguised herself with a blonde wig and dark glasses. 她乔装打扮戴著金色假发和墨镜. Cf 参看 toupee. wigging / 5wIgIN; `wI-IN/ n (usu sing 通常作单数) (dated Brit infml 旧, 口) lengthy rebuke; scolding 痛骂; 责骂: get/give sb a good wigging 挨一顿大骂[把某人痛骂一顿]. wiggle / 5wIgl; `wI-l/ v [I, Tn] (infml 口) (cause sth to) move from side to side with rapid short movements （使某物）摆动, 摇动, 扭动: Stop wiggling and sit still! 不要摇摇晃晃的, 坐著别动! * The baby was wiggling its toes. 那幼儿扭动著脚趾. Cf 参看 wag, waggle. wiggle n. (infml 口) wiggling movement 摆动; 摇动; 扭动. wiggly / 5wIglI; `wI-lI/ adj (infml 口) (a) moving with a wiggle 摆动的; 摇动的; 扭动的: a wiggly worm 扭动的虫子. (b) not straight; wavy 弯曲的; 波状的: a wiggly line 波浪形线. wigwam / 5wIgwAm; ?@ -wB:m; `wI-wBm/ n hut or tent made by fastening mats or animal skins over a framework of poles, esp as used formerly by N American Indians （用席或兽皮等制作的）棚 屋（尤指旧时北美印第安人使用的）. Cf 参看 tepee. wilco / 5wIlkEU; `wIlko/ interj (used in signalling, etc to confirm that a message has been received and orders will be carried out 用作信号语, 证实信息收悉并照办). wild / waIld; waIld/ adj (-er, -est) 1 [usu attrib 通常作定语] (a) (of animals, birds, etc) that normally live in natural conditions; not tame or domesticated （指动物）野生的, 野的, 未驯化的: a wild cat, giraffe, duck 野猫、野生的长颈鹿、野鸭* filming wild animals 拍摄野生动物. (b) (of plants) growing in natural conditions; not cultivated （指植物）野生的, 非栽培的: wild flowers 野花 * wild roses, strawberrries 野生的玫瑰、草莓. 2 [usu attrib 通常作定语] (of a person, tribe, etc) not civilized; savage （指人、部落等）未开化的, 野蛮的. 3 (of scenery, an area of land, etc) not populated or cultivated; looking desolate （指风景、地区等）无居民的, 荒凉的: a wild mountain region 荒无人烟的山区. 4 tempestuous; stormy 暴风雨的; 暴风雪的: a wild night 有狂风暴雨Oxford Dictionary Translation memory software company ForeignDesk, Okapi Framework, OmegaT, Transolution, AidTransStudio, Cafetran, Déjà Vu (DVX), Heartsome Translation Suite, MemoQ, MetaTexis, Rainbow, SDLX, SDL, STAR Transit, Trados, SDL Trados, Wordfast, WordFisher, Similis, Open Language Tools http://www.transgood.com