TransGood-Translation memory software Trados, SDL, ForeignDesk, Wordfast, WordFisher, Déjà Vu (DVX), 译佳计算机辅助翻译软件, 雅信CAT
TransGood, TransMemory, Translation Software Tools, Computer-assisted translation, computer-aided translation, CAT, machine-aided translation, Translation memory software, Terminology management software, Alignment software, Software localization tools, ?bersetzung Software, Logiciels de traduction, Software di traduzione, Traducción de Software, Mémoire de traduction, Tradu??o memória, Memoria de traducción, Memoria di traduzione, Перевод Software, ForeignDesk, Okapi Framework, OmegaT, Transolution, AidTransStudio, Cafetran, Déjà Vu (DVX), Heartsome Translation Suite, MemoQ, MetaTexis, Rainbow, SDLX, SDL, STAR Transit, Trados, SDL Trados, Wordfast, WordFisher, Similis, Open Language Tools, 翻訳ソフトウェア, 翻訳メモリ, 翻译软件 辅助翻译软件 计算机辅助翻译软件 人工智能翻译 翻译工具 专业翻译软件 翻译记忆软件 塔多思 Trados SDL WordFast 雅信CAT 翻译公司 牛津词典 Oxford Dictionary schedule. 我们提前完成, 才是休息的时候（如提前完成工作计划）. ahead of prep. 1 further forward in space or time than (sb/sth); in front of （在空间或时间上比某 人[某事物]）更前, 更早: Directly ahead of us is the royal palace. 我们正前方就是皇宫. * London is about five hours ahead of New York. 伦敦时间比纽约早五小时左右. * Ahead of us lay ten days of intensive training. 我们当前有十天的强化训练. 2 in the lead over (sb/sth); further advanced than 处于（某人[某事物]）的领先地位; 比... 更先进; 领先: She was always well ahead of the rest of the class. 她在班上总是遥遥领先. * His ideas were (way) ahead of his time. 他的思想比他所处的时 代先进（得多）. ahem / E5hEm; E`hZm/ interj (used in writing to indicate the noise made when clearing the throat, esp to get sb's attention, express disapproval or gain time 书面语中用以表示清嗓子的声音, 尤用以引 人注意, 表示不以为然或用以赢得时间): Ahem, might I make a suggestion? 啊哼, 我可以提个建 议吗? ahoy / E5hRI; E`hRI/ interj (cry used by seamen to call attention 船员们用以引人注意的呼喊声): Ahoy there! 啊呣! * Land/Ship ahoy! ie There is land/a ship in sight. 啊, 看到陆地[船]了! AI / 9eI 5aI; 9e `aI/ abbr 缩写 = (computing 计) artificial intelligence. aid / eId; ed/ n 1 [U] help 帮助; 援助: with the aid of a friend 在朋友的帮助下* legal aid 法律 援助* She came quickly to his aid, ie to help him. 她急忙来帮助他. 2 [C] thing or person that helps 有助之物或人: a `hearing aid 助听器* `teaching aids 教具* visual `aids, eg pictures, films, etc used in teaching 视觉教具（如用于教学中的图片, 影片等）. 3 [U] food, money, etc sent to a country to help it （帮助某国的食物, 金钱等）援助: How much overseas/foreign aid does Britain give? 英国在援外方面做出多少贡献? * [attrib 作定语] medical `aid programmes 医疗援助计划. 4 (idm 习语) in aid of sth/sb in support of sth/sb 以支援或帮助某事物[某人]: collect money in aid of charity 为资助慈善事业募捐. what's (all) this, etc in aid of? (infml 口) what is the purpose of this, etc? 这个（等）有什么用（意）?: Now then, what's all this crying in aid of? 得啦, 还有什么好哭 的? aid v. 1 [Tn, Tn.pr, Tnt] ~ sb (in/with sth) (fml 文) help sb 帮助某人. 2 (idm 习语) ,aid and a`bet (esp law 尤用于法律) encourage or help (sb) in some criminal activity 怂恿或协助（某人）犯 罪. aide / eId; ed/ n 1 = aide-de-camp. 2 (esp US) assistant 助手: the chief aides to the President 总统 的主要助手们. aide-de-camp / 9eId dE 5kCm; ?@ 5kAmp; `eddE`kAmp/ (also aide) n (pl aides-de-camp / 9eId dE 5kCm; `eddE`kAmp/) (abbr 缩写ADC) naval or military officer who acts as assistant to a senior officer （海军或陆军的高级长官的）副官. aide-memoire / 9eId mem5wB:(r); 9ed9mem`wBr/ n (pl aides-memoire / 9eId mem5wB:(r); 9ed9mem`wBr/) document, book, etc used to remind sb of sth 备忘录. ail / eIl; el/ v [Tn] (arch 古) trouble (sb) in body or mind (used esp as in the expression shown) 使（某 人）痛苦或烦恼（尤用于以下示例）: What ails you? 你有什么烦恼? ailing adj. unwell; ill 不舒服; 生病; 有病: My wife is ailing. 我的妻子病了. * (fig 比喻) the ailing economy 病态的经济. aileron / 5eIlErCn; `elE9rBn/ n hinged part of the wing of an aircraft, used to control its balance while it is flying 副翼（飞机的机翼上控制飞行平衡的活动辅助翼）. =>illus at aircraft 见aircraft 之插 图. ailment / 5eIlmEnt; `elmEnt/ n illness, esp a slight one 疾病（尤指轻病）; 小病: He's prone to minor ailments. 他动不动就生点儿病. aim / eIm; em/ v 1 (a) [I, Ipr, Tn, Tn.pr] ~ (sth) (at sth/sb) point or direct (a weapon, blow, missile, etc) towards an object 瞄准; 对准: You're not aiming straight. 你瞄得不准. * He aimed (his gun) at the target, fired and missed it. 他（用枪）瞄准目标开火, 却未打中. * The punch was aimed at his opponent's head. 那一拳是冲著对手的头打去的. (b) [I, Ipr] ~ (at/for sth) direct one's efforts (in the specified direction) （向某方向）努力; 力争: He has always aimed high, ie been ambitious. 他总是 志气很高. * She's aiming at (ie trying to win) a scholarship. 她争取获得奖学金. (c) [Tn.pr] ~ sth at sb direct (a comment, criticism, etc) at sb （评论, 批评等）针对某人: My remarks were not aimed at you. 我的话并非针对你说的. 2 [Ipr, It] ~ at doing sth intend or try to do sth 意欲, 企图, 力求做 某事物: We must aim at increasing/to increase exports. 我们要力求增加出口货物. aim / eIm; em/ n 1 [U] action of pointing or directing a weapon or missile at a target （武器或投射 物向目标的）瞄准, 对准, 瞄: My aim was accurate. 我瞄得很准. * Take careful aim (at the target) before firing. 开火之前仔细瞄准（目标）. * He missed his aim, ie did not hit the target. 他瞄准失误 （未打中目标）. 2 [C] purpose; intention 目的; 意图: He has only one aim in life to become rich. 他活著只有一个目的--发财. aimless / 5eImlIs; `emlIs/ adj having no purpose 无目的的; 无目标的: aimless wanderings 无目的 地四处流浪* lead an aimless life 过著没有目标的生活. aimlessly adv: drift aimlessly from job to job 漫无目标地不断更换工作. aimlessness n. [U]. ain't / eInt; ent/ contracted form 缩约式 (non-standard or joc 不规范或谑) 1 am/is/are not: Things ain't what they used to be. 情况不像过去那样了. 2 has/have not: You ain't seen nothing yet. 你什 么也没看见. air / eE(r); Zr/ n 1 [U] mixture of gases surrounding the earth and breathed by all land animals and plants 空气: Let's go out for some fresh air. 咱们出去呼吸点儿新鲜空气吧. 2 [U] (a) the earth's atmosphere; open space in this 大气; 天空: the birds of the air 天空的鸟* be in the open air 露天. (b) the earth's atmosphere as the place where aircraft fly 空中: send goods by air 空运货物 * travel by air, ie in an aircraft 乘飞机* The site of the old fort is clearly visible from the air. 古堡的遗址在 空中看得很清楚. * [attrib 作定语] air travel, transport, traffic, freight 航空旅行, 运输, 交通, 货 运. 3 [C] impression given; appearance or manner 给人的印象; 外貌; 态度: smile with a triumphant air 带著胜利神情的微笑* do things with an air, ie confidently 很神气地（有信心地） 做事情* The place has an air of mystery (about it), ie looks mysterious. 那地方有一种神秘的气氛 （环绕著）. 4 [C] (dated 旧) melody; tune 旋律; 曲调: Bach's Air on a G String 巴赫的G 弦之歌. 5 [C] (dated 旧) light wind; breeze 微风; 和风. 6 (idm 习语) ,airs and `graces (derog 贬) affected manner intended (usu unsuccessfully) to make one appear a very refined person 矫揉造作; 惺惺作态. a breath of fresh air => breath. castles in the air => castle. a change of air/climate => change2. clear the air => clear3. give oneself/put on `airs behave in an unnatural or affected way in order to impress others 装模作样; 装腔作势. hot air => hot. in the `air (a) in circulation; current 在流传中; 流行的: There's (a feeling of) unrest in the air. 四处充满了不安（的感觉）. (b) uncertain; undecided 未确定 的; 悬而未决的: Our plans are still (up) in the air. 我们的计划仍悬而未决. in the open air => open1. light as air/as a feather => light3. ,on/,off the `air broadcast(ing)/not broadcast(ing) on radio or television （无线电或电视）广播[停播]: This channel comes on the air every morning at 7 am. 这个 频道每天早晨7 点钟开始播放. * We'll be off the air for the summer and returning for a new series in the autumn. 我们将于夏季停播而于秋季开始播放一套新节目. ,take the `air (dated or fml 旧或文) go out of doors in order to enjoy the fresh air 到户外呼吸新鲜空气. tread on air => tread. vanish, etc into thin air => thin. with one's nose in the air => nose1. air base place from which military aircraft operate 空军基地. air-bed n. mattress that can be filled with air 充气床垫. air-bladder n. (in animals and plants) bladder filled with air （动植物的）充有气体的囊, 鳔, 气囊. air brake brake worked by air pressure 气闸; 气压制动器. airbrush n. device for spraying paint by means of compressed air （喷颜料的）气笔; 喷枪. Airbus n. (propr 专利名) aircraft operating regularly and often over short or medium distances 中 短程班机. Air Chief Marshal ( Brit) second highest rank in the Royal Air Force （皇家空军）空军上将. air commodore ( Brit) officer of the Royal Air Force next below Air Vice-Marshal （皇家空军）空 军准将. air-conditioning n. [U] system controlling the humidity and temperature of the air in a room or building 空气调节系统（控制室内或建筑物内空气湿度和温度的系统）. air-conditioned adj: an air-conditioned office 有空气调节设备的办公室* Is the house air-conditioned? 这所房子 是空气调节的吗? airconditioner n. air-cooled adj. cooled by a current of air 空气冷却的: an ,air-cooled `engine 空气冷却的发动机. aircrew n. [CGp] crew of an aircraft 空勤人员; 空勤组. air-cushion n. 1 cushion that can be filled with air 气垫（可充气的垫子）. 2 layer of air supporting eg a hovercraft 气垫（支撑如气垫船的空气层）. airfield n. area of open level ground equipped with hangars and runways for (esp military) aircraft （尤指军用）飞机场. air force [CGp] branch of the armed forces that uses aircraft for attack and defence 空军: the Royal Air Force 皇家空军 * [attrib 作定语] air force officers 空军军官. airgun n. (also air rifle) gun that fires pellets by means of compressed air 气枪. air hostess stewardess in a passenger aircraft （客机上的）女服务员, 空中小姐. air letter single sheet of light paper folded to form a letter that may be sent cheaply by airmail 航空邮笺（单页 薄纸摺成的航空信件, 邮资较廉）. airlift n. transport of supplies, troops, etc by aircraft, esp in an emergency or when other routes are blocked 空运（尤指于紧急时期或其它通路封闭时, 运送补给, 军队等）: an emergency airlift of food to the famine-stricken areas 紧急空运食物至饥荒灾区. v [Tn] transport (people, supplies, etc) in this way （此种）空运（人, 物资等）: Civilians trapped in the beleaguered city have been airlifted to safety. 被围困在城里的老百姓已空运到安全地区. airline n. [CGp] company or service providing regular flights for public use （有定期班机为民众使 用的）航空公司, 航空服务: [attrib 作定语] an airline pilot 民航飞机驾驶员. airliner n. large passenger aircraft （大型民航）班机. airlock n. 1 stoppage in the flow of liquid in a pump or pipe, caused by a bubble of air 气塞（液泵 或液管中阻止液体流动的气泡堵塞）. 2 compartment with an airtight door at each end, providing access to a pressurized chamber 气闸室（两端有密闭门可通往增压室）. airmail n. [U] mail carried by air 航空邮件: send a letter (by) airmail 寄航空信 * [attrib 作定语] an airmail envelope 航空信封* an airmail edition, eg of a newspaper or magazine, printed on special light paper 航空版（如用特种薄纸印的报刊）. v [Tn] send (sth) by airmail 用航空邮寄（某物）. airman / -mEn; -mEn/ n (pl `airmen / -mEn; -mEn/) 1 pilot or member of the crew of an aircraft 飞机驾驶员或乘务员. 2 (Brit) member of the Royal Air Force, esp below the rank of a commissioned officer 皇家空军人员（尤指军阶低于少尉者）. =>App 9 见附录9. Air Marshal ( Brit) third highest rank in the Royal Air Force （皇家空军）空军中将. =>App 9 见 附录9. airplane n. (US) = aeroplane. air pocket partial vacuum in the air causing aircraft in flight to drop suddenly 气阱（大气中的半真空状态, 可 造成飞行中的飞机突然下坠）. airport n. large area where civil aircraft land and take off, usu with facilities for passengers and goods, and customs （民航）飞机场; 航空站. air pump device for pumping air into or out of sth 气泵. air raid attack by aircraft dropping bombs 空袭: Many civilians were killed in the air raids on London. 在伦 敦遭空袭时, 有很多老百姓遇难. * [attrib 作定语] an air-raid warning, shelter 空袭警报, 防空洞. air rifle = airgun. air-sea rescue (organization for the) rescue of people from the sea using aircraft 海空救援, 海空救护队（用 飞行器从海中救人）. airship n. aircraft filled with gas and driven by engines 飞艇; 飞船. airsick adj. feeling sick as a result of travelling in an aircraft 晕机的. airsickness n. [U]. airspace n. [U] part of the earth's atmosphere above a country and legally controlled by that country 空域; 领空: a violation of British airspace by foreign aircraft, ie flying over Britain without permission 外国飞机对英国领空的侵犯. air speed speed of an aircraft relative to the air through which it is moving 空速（飞行器与其所穿过的空气的 相对速度）. Cf 参看ground speed (ground1). airstrip (also landing-field, landing-strip) n. strip of ground cleared for aircraft to land and take off （为飞机起落而开辟的）简易跑道. air terminal building in a town providing transport to and from an airport 航空终点站（为往返于机场提供交通 工具的市内集散处）. airtight adj. not allowing air to enter or escape 不透气的; 密闭的; 密封的. air-to-air adj. [usu attrib 通常作定语] from one aircraft to another in flight 空对空的（在飞行中从 一飞行器到另一飞行器的）: an air-to-air missile 空对空导弹. air traffic controller person at an airport who gives radio instructions to pilots wishing to take off or land 空中交通管制员, 航空调度员（在飞机场向要起飞或降落的飞行员发出无线电指示的人员）. air traffic control organization within which such a person works 空中交通管制. Air Vice Marshal ( Brit) fourth highest rank in the Royal Air Force （皇家空军）空军少将. =>App 9 见附录9. air-waves n. [pl] radio waves 无线电波. airway n. 1 ventilating passage (eg in a mine) 通气道（如矿井中者）. 2 route regularly taken by aircraft 航线（飞机航行所循的固定路线）. airwoman n. (pl -women) 1 woman pilot or member of the crew of an aircraft 女飞行员; 女空勤 人员. 2 (Brit) member of the Women's Royal Air Force, esp below the rank of commissioned officer （女）皇家空军人员（尤指军阶低于少尉者）. airworthy adj. (of aircraft) fit to fly; in good working order （指飞行器）适航的; 飞行性能良好的. airworthiness n. [U]. air / eE(r); Zr/ v [Tn] 1 (a) put (clothing, etc) in a warm place or the open air in order to make it quite dry 晾（衣物等）; 晾乾. (b) let air into (a room, etc) to cool or freshen it 通风; 透风. 2 express (an idea, a complaint, etc) publicly 公开表示（意见, 不满等）: air one's views, opinions, grievances, etc 述说自己的看法, 意见, 冤情等* He likes to air his knowledge, ie let others see how much he knows. 他喜欢炫耀自己的知识. airing / 5eErIN; `ZrIN/ n [sing]: give the blanket a good airing, ie expose it to fresh air or warmth 把 毯子好好过一下风 * (fig 比喻) give one's views an airing, ie express them to others 表明自己的观 点. airing cupboard heated cupboard in which to keep sheets, towels, etc （储藏被单, 毛巾等的）暖橱, 烘柜. airborne / 5eEbR:n; `Zr9bRrn/ adj (a) [attrib 作定语] transported by the air 空运的; 空中传播的; 空气传播的; 风媒的: airborne seeds 空气传播的种子. (b) [pred 作表语] (of aircraft) in the air after taking off （指飞行器）起飞后在飞行中: Smoking is forbidden until the plane is airborne. 飞机升 空时禁止吸烟. (c) [attrib 作定语] (of troops) specially trained for operations using aircraft （指部 队）受过空战训练的: an airborne division 空降师. aircraft / 5eEkrB:ft; `Zr9krAft/ n (pl unchanged 复数不变) any machine or structure that can fly in the air and is regarded as a vehicle or carrier 飞行器（可在空中飞行作运载用的任何机器或建造 物）; 航空器; 飞机; 飞艇; . =>illus 见插图. aircraft-carrier n. ship that carries aircraft and is used as a base for landing and taking off 航空母舰. aircraftman / -mEn; -mEn/ n (pl -men / -mEn; -mEn/) (Brit) lowest rank in the Royal Air Force （皇 家空军）空军士兵. aircraftwoman n. (pl -women / -wImIn; -wImIn/) (Brit) lowest rank in the Women's Royal Air Force （皇家空军）空军女兵. airless / 5eElIs; `ZrlIs/ adj 1 not having enough fresh air; stuffy 缺少新鲜空气的; 不通风的: an airless room 空气不流通的房间. 2 without a breeze; calm and still 无风的; 平静的: It was a hot, airless evening. 那是一个闷热的晚上. airy / 5eErI; `ZrI/ adj (-ier, -iest) 1 having plenty of fresh air moving about; well-ventilated 空气流 通的; 通风的: The office was light and airy. 那间办公室又明亮又通风. 2 [usu attrib 通常作定语] (a) light as air 像空气一样轻的; 轻飘飘的: an airy silk gauze 轻飘飘的丝质薄纱. (b) (fig 比喻) without substance; not sincere 无实质的; 不诚恳的: an airy promise, ie one that is unlikely to be kept 轻诺. (c) carefree and light-hearted 无忧无虑的; 轻松的; 漫不经心的: an airy manner 轻松 的样子* an airy disregard for the law 对法律满不在乎. airily / 5eErElI; `ZrElI/ adv in a carefree light-hearted manner 无忧无虑地; 轻松地; 漫不经心地: `I don't care,' he said airily. ‘我才不在乎呢,’他漫不经心地说. airy-fairy adj. (infml derog 口, 贬) not practical or realistic 不实际的; 不现实的: airy-fairy notions 异想天开的想法* The scheme seems a bit airy-fairy to me. 这个计划我看有些不著边际. aisle / aIl; aIl/ n 1 side passage in a church that is divided by a row of pillars from the nave （教堂内 用列柱与中堂分隔的）侧廊, 走道. =>illus at App 1 见附录1 之插图, page viii. 2 passage between rows of seats in a church, theatre, railway carriage, etc （教堂, 剧院, 客车车厢等内座位间的）通 道, 走道. =>illus at App 1 见附录1 之插图, page ix. 3 (idm 习语) knock them in the aisles => knock2. rolling in the aisles => roll. aitch / eItF; etF/ n 1 the letter H H 字母. 2 (idm 习语) drop one's aitches => drop2. aitchbone / 5eItFbEUn; `etF9bon/ n (a) rump-bone of an animal 动物的臀骨. (b) piece of beef cut from the part above this bone （牛的）臀骨肉. ajar / E5dVB:(r); E`dVBr/ adj [pred 作表语] (of a door) slightly open （指门）微开著, 半开著: The door was/stood ajar. 那扇门半开著. * leave the door ajar 让门半开著. aka abbr. 缩写= (esp US) also known as 又名; 亦称: Antonio Fratelli, aka `Big Tony' 安东尼 奥·弗拉特里, 又叫‘大托尼’. akimbo / E5kImbEU; E`kImbo/ adv (idm 习语) with arms akimbo => arm. =>illus at arm 见arm 之 插图. akin / E5kIn; E`kIn/ adj [pred 作表语] ~ (to sth) similar; related 近似; 有关系: He felt something akin to pity. 他感到有一种近于怜悯的感情. * Pity and love are closely akin. 怜悯近乎爱. -al suff 后缀 1 (with ns forming adjs 与名词结合构成形容词) of or concerning ...的; 关于...的: magical * verbal. 2 (with vs forming ns 与动词结合构成名词) process or state of...: recital * survival. -ally ( with sense 1 forming advs 与上述第1 义的词结合构成副词): sensationally. et al / 9et 5Al; 9Zt `Al/ abbr 缩写 = (infml 口) and other people or things (Latin et alii/alia) 以及其 他人或事物（源自拉丁文et alii/alia）: The concert included works by Mozart et al. 音乐会上演奏 莫扎特等人的作品. alabaster / 5AlEbB:stE(r); ?@ -bs-; `AlE9bAstL/ n [U] soft (usu white) stone, like marble in appearance, often carved to make ornaments 雪花石膏（一种质软而通常为白色的石料, 貌似大理 石, 常用以雕刻成装饰品）. alabaster adj. [usu attrib 通常作定语] (a) of alabaster 雪花石膏的: an alabaster vase 雪花石膏花 瓶. (b) white or smooth like alabaster （像雪花石膏一样）白润光滑的: her alabaster complexion 她 那白润光滑的肌肤. alacrity / E5lAkrEtI; E`lAkrEtI/ n [U] (fml or rhet 文或修辞) prompt and eager readiness 爽快; 乐 意: He accepted her offer with alacrity. 他欣然接受了她的建议. alarm / E5lB:m; E`lBrm/ n 1 [C] (a) warning sound or signal 警报的声音或信号: give/raise/sound the alarm 发出警报. (b) apparatus that gives such a warning 警报器; 警报装置: Where's the fire alarm? 火警的警铃在哪 ? 2 [C] = alarm clock. 3 [U] fear and excitement caused by the expectation of danger 惊慌; 恐慌: This news fills me with alarm. 这消息使我大为惊慌. * He jumped up in alarm. 他惊慌地跳了起来. * There's no cause for alarm. 不必惊慌. 4 (idm 习语) a false alarm => false. alarm v. [Tn] give a warning or feeling of danger to (a person or an animal); frighten; disturb 警告 或惊吓（人或动物）; 使惊觉; 惊动: I don't want to alarm you, but there's a strange man in your garden. 我并不想吓著你, 不过你的花园可有个生人. * Alarmed by the noise, the birds flew away. 那声音把鸟吓飞了. alarmed adj [pred 作表语] ~ (at/by sth) anxious or afraid 担心; 害怕: I'm rather alarmed (to hear) that you're planning to leave the company. （听说）你打算脱离这个公司, 我有些担心. alarming adj causing fear; disturbing 使人害怕的; 吓人的; 扰乱人心的: an alarming increase in the number of burglaries 窃案惊人的增多* The report is most alarming. 这个报告最为 扰乱人心. alarmingly adv: Prices have increased alarmingly. 价格惊人地增长. alarmist n. (derog 贬) person who alarms others unnecessarily or excessively 不必要地或过分地 使他人惊慌的人. alarmist adj: alarmist warnings, forecasts, etc 危言耸听的警告, 预告等* We mustn't be alarmist. 我们不要 危言耸听. alarm clock (also alarm) clock with a device that can be set to ring at a particular time, esp to wake sleepers 闹钟: set the alarm (clock) for six o'clock 把闹钟定在六点钟响. alas / E5ls; E`lAs/ interj (dated or rhet 旧或修辞) (expressing sorrow or regret 表示悲哀或懊悔): Alas, they've all sold out, madam. 哎呀, 都卖光了, 小姐. albatross / 5AlbEtrCs; ?@ also -trR:s; `AlbE9trRs, -trBs/ n large white sea-bird with long wings, common in the Pacific and Southern Oceans 信天翁（白色长翼大海鸟, 常见于太平洋及南半球各 海洋）. albeit / 9R:l5bi:It; Rl`biIt/ conj (dated or fml 旧或文) although 虽然; 尽管: I tried, albeit unsuccessfully, to contact him. 尽管并未与他联系上, 可是我已经尽力而为了. =>Usage at although 用法见 although. albino / Al5bi:nEU; ?@ -5baI-; Al`baIno/ n (pl ~s) person or animal born with no colouring pigment in the skin and hair (which are white) and the eyes (which are pink) 患白化病的人或动物（先天色素缺 乏患者, 皮肤毛发呈白色, 眼呈粉红色）: [attrib 作定语] an albino rabbit 患白化病的兔子. album / 5AlbEm; `AlbEm/ n 1 book in which a collection of photographs, autographs, postage stamps, etc can be kept 收存照片, 签名手迹, 邮票等的册子. 2 long-playing record with several items by the same performer （有同一人的几项演唱或演奏的）歌集唱片: This is one of the songs from/on her latest album. 这是她的最新歌集唱片的一首歌. Cf 参看single n 5. albumen / 5AlbjUmIn; ?@ Al5bju:mEn; Al`bjumEn/ n [U] 1 white of egg 蛋白; 蛋清. =>illus at egg 见egg 之插图. 2 (botany 植) substance found in many seeds, esp the eatable part 胚乳. albumin / 5AlbjUmIn; ?@ Al5bju:mIn; l`bjumIn/ n [U] protein found in egg-white, milk, blood and some plants 白蛋白. alchemy / 5AlkEmI; `AlkEmI/ n [U] medieval form of chemistry, the chief aim of which was to discover how to turn ordinary metals into gold 炼金术（中世纪化学, 其主要目的是寻求将普通金 属转变成黄金的方法）. alchemist / 5AlkEmIst; `AlkEmIst/ n person who studied or practised alchemy 炼金术士. alcohol / 5AlkEhCl; ?@ -hR:l; `AlkE9hRl/ n 1 [U] (a) colourless liquid that can cause drunkenness, contained in drinks such as beer, wine, brandy and whisky 酒精. (b) this liquid used as a solvent and fuel 乙醇. 2 [U] drinks containing this 含酒精的饮料; 酒: prohibit the sale of alcohol 禁止售酒 * I never touch (ie drink drinks that contain) alcohol. 我从不喝酒. 3 [U, C] chemical compound of the same type as alcohol 醇. alcoholic / 9AlkE5hClIk; ?@ -5hR:l-; 9AlkE`hRlIk/ adj 1 of or containing alcohol 酒精的; 含酒 精的: ,alcoholic `drinks 含酒精的饮料* Home-made wine can be very alcoholic. 自制的酒有的酒 性很烈. 2 [attrib 作定语] caused by drinking alcohol 由喝酒引起的: be in an,alcoholic `stupor 醉 得不省人事. n person who drinks too much alcohol or suffers from alcoholism 饮酒过度的人; 酒 鬼; 酒精中毒的人. alcoholism / -IzEm; -9IzEm/ n [U] (disease caused by) continual heavy drinking of alcohol 酒精中 毒（症）. ethyl alcohol / 9eWIl 5AlkEhCl or, rarely 罕读作9i:WaIl-;9ZWEl `AlkE9hRl/ base of alcoholic drinks, also used as a fuel or solvent 乙醇. methyl alcohol / 9meWIl 5AlkEhCl, also 9mi:WaIl; 9mZWEl `AlkE9hRl/ (also `wood spirit) type of alcohol present in many organic compounds 甲醇. alcove / 5AlkEUv; `Alkov/ n small space in a room, etc formed by part of the wall being set back; recess 壁凹（墙壁凹进处）; 凹室; 壁龛: The bed fits neatly into the alcove. 床正好放进壁凹 . alder / 5R:ldE(r); `RldL/ n tree of the birch family, usu growing in marshy places 桤木（桦木科, 通常 生长于沼泽地带）. alderman / 5R:ldEmEn; `RldLmEn/ n (pl -men / -mEn;-mEn/) 1 (Brit) (esp formerly) member of a county or borough council, next in rank below the mayor （尤指旧时地位仅次于市长的）高级市政 官. 2 (US) (in some cities) member of the city council, representing a particular part of the city （某 些城市中的）市参议员. aldermanic / 9R:ldE5mnIk; 9RldL`mAnIk/ adj. ale / eIl; el/ n 1 (a) [U, C] (used esp in compounds and phrases 尤用于复合词及词组中) (type of) strong beer, usu sold in bottles 浓啤酒（酒精浓度高, 通常为瓶装的啤酒）: We sell a wide range of ales and stouts. 我们出售种类繁多的浓啤酒和黑啤酒. (b) [C] glass of ale 一杯浓啤酒: Two light ales, please. 请来两杯淡的啤酒. 2 [U] (dated or dialect 旧或方) beer 啤酒: a pint of ale 一品脱 啤酒. 3 (idm 习语) cakes and ale => cake. alehouse n. (pl -houses / -haUzIz; -haJzIz/) (arch 古) inn or tavern 客栈; 酒馆. alert / E5l\:t; E`l[t/ adj ~ (to sth) attentive and quick to think or act 警惕的; 警觉的; 机警的: be alert to possible dangers 对可能发生的危险有警觉* The alert listener will have noticed the error. 耳朵 尖的人能听出这个错. * Although he's over eighty his mind is still remarkably alert. 他虽已年逾八 十, 但头脑仍十分机敏. alert n. 1 (usu sing 通常作单数) (time of) special watchfulness before or during an attack 警戒 （期间）: The troops were placed on full alert. 部队处于全面戒备状态. 2 warning given to prepare for danger or an attack 警报: give/receive the alert 发出[收到]警报. 3 (idm 习语) on the a`lert (against/for sth) watchful and prepared 警惕; 提防: Police warned the public to be on the alert for suspected terrorists. 警方警告群众警惕涉嫌的恐怖分子. alert v. 1 [Tn] warn (soldiers, etc) to watch for danger and be ready to act 使（士兵等）警戒, 戒 备: Why weren't the police alerted? 为什么警方没戒备起来? 2 [Tn.pr] ~ sb to sth make sb aware of sth 提醒某人注意某事: alert staff to the crisis facing the company 提醒职员注意公司面临的危 局. alertly adv. alertness n. [U]. alfalfa / Al5flfE; Al`fAlfE/ n [U] (US) = lucerne. alfresco / Al5freskEU; Al`frZsko/ adj, adv in the open air 露天（的）; 在户外（的）: an alfresco lunch 露天午餐* lunching alfresco 在户外吃午饭. algae / 5AldVi:, also 5AlgaI; `AldVi/ n [pl] (sing alga/ 5AlgE; `Al-E/) very simple plants with no true stems or leaves, found chiefly in water 藻; 藻类. algebra / 5AldVIbrE; `AldVEbrE/ n [U] branch of mathematics in which letters and symbols are used to represent quantities 代数学; 代数. algebraic / 9ldVI5breIIk; 9AldVE`breIk/ adj. algebraically / -klI;-klI/ adv. ALGOL ( also Algol) / 5AlgCl; `Al-Bl/ abbr 缩写 = (computing 计) algorithmic oriented language, a high-level programming language 算法语言. algorithm / 5AlgErITEm; `Al-E9rITEm/ n (esp computing 尤作计算机术语) set of rules or procedures that must be followed in solving a problem 算法; 计算程序. inter alia / 9IntEr 5eIlIE; 9IntL`elIE/ (Latin 拉) among other things 除了其他事物之外. alias / 5eIlIEs; `elIEs/ n name by which a person is called at other times or in other places; false name 别名; 化名; 假名: The criminal Mick Clark has/uses several aliases. 那个叫米克·克拉克的罪犯有 [使用]好几个化名. alias adv also (falsely) called 又名; 化名: Mick Clark, alias Sid Brown, is wanted for questioning by the police. 米克·克拉克, 又名锡德·布朗, 被警方通缉审问. inter alia / 9IntEr 5eIlIE; 9IntL`elIE/ (Latin 拉) among other things 除了其他事物之外. alibi / 5AlIbaI; `AlE9baI/ n 1 (law 律) formal statement or evidence that a person was in another place at the time of a crime 某人当时不在犯罪现场的申辩或证明: The suspects all had good alibis for the day of the robbery. 所有疑犯都有在抢劫案发当天不在犯罪现场的充足证明. 2 (infml 口) excuse of any kind 藉口; 托辞: Late again, Richard? What's your alibi this time? 理查德, 又迟到了? 这次你有什么藉口呢? alien / 5eIlIEn; `elIEn/ n 1 (fml or law 文或律) person who is not a naturalized citizen of the country in which he is living 外侨; 侨民; 外国人. 2 being from another world 从另一世界来的 生物. alien adj. 1 (a) foreign 外国的: an alien land 外国. (b) unfamiliar; strange 不熟悉的; 陌生的: an alien environment 陌生的环境* alien customs 陌生的风俗习惯. 2 [pred 作表语] ~ to sth/sb contrary to sth; hateful to sb 与某事物相反; 使某人憎恨: Such principles are alien to our religion. 这些原则与我们的宗教信仰相抵触. * Cruelty was quite alien to his nature/to him. 残忍的行为与 他的本性[与他]格格不入. alienate / 5eIlIEneIt; `elIEn9et/ v 1 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (from sb/sth) cause sb to become unfriendly or indifferent; estrange sb 使某人疏远或冷淡; 离间某人: The Prime Minister's policy alienated many of her followers. 首相的政策使很多拥护她的人疏远了她. * Many artists feel alienated from society, ie feel they do not belong to it or have been rejected by it. 很多艺术家都感到与社会脱节. 2 [Tn] (law 律) transfer the ownership of (property) from one person to another 转让（财产）所有权; 让渡. alienation / 9eIlIE5neIFn; 9elIEn`eFEn/ n [U] ~ (from sb/sth) alienating or being alienated; estrangement 疏远; 离间: His criminal activities led to complete alienation from his family. 他的犯 罪活动导致了他与家庭完全隔绝. * Mental illness can create a sense of alienation from the real world. 精神病能产生一种与现实世界脱离的感觉. alight / E5laIt; E`laIt/ adj [pred 作表语] on fire; lit 烧著; 点著: A cigarette set the dry grass alight. 香烟把乾草点著了. * Her dress caught alight in the gas fire. 她的衣服让煤气炉烧著了. * (fig 比喻) Their faces were alight with joy. 他们因喜悦而容光焕发. alight / E5laIt; E`laIt/ v (fml 文) 1 [I, Ipr] ~ (from sth) get down from a horse or vehicle （从马上或 车上）下来: Passengers should never alight from a moving bus. 公共汽车未停稳时, 乘客万勿下车. Cf 参看dismount 1. 2 [I, Ipr] ~ (on sth) (of a bird) come down from the air and settle （指鸟）飞 落: The sparrow alighted on a nearby branch. 那支麻雀飞落在附近的树枝上. 3 [Ipr] ~ on sth find sth by chance 偶然发现, 碰见某事物: My eye alighted on a dusty old book at the back of the shelf. 我偶然发现在书架后面有一本满是灰尘的旧书. align / E5laIn; E`laIn/ v 1 (a) [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (with sth) place or arrange (a thing or things) in a straight line 将（某物）放置或排列在一条直线上: a row of trees aligned with the edge of the road 与 路边成一直线的一排树. (b) [Tn] put (the parts of a machine) into the correct position in relation to each other 将（机器的部件）安装到相互间正确的位置上: align the wheels of a car 校准汽车的轮 子. 2 [Tn.pr] ~ oneself with sb join sb as an ally; come into agreement with sb 与某人结盟; 与某 人一致: The Communist Party has aligned itself with the Socialists. 共产党与社会党结成了联盟. alignment n. [U, C] 1 arrangement in a straight line 排成直线: The sights of the gun must be in alignment with the target. 枪的瞄准器必须与射击目标对准成一线. 2 (esp political) arrangement in groups （尤指政治上的）联盟: the alignment of Japan with the West 日本与西方的联盟. 3 (idm 习语) out of alignment not in line 不成一直线. alike / E5laIk; E`laIk/ adj [pred 作表语] like one another; similar 相同; 一样; 相似: These two photographs are almost alike. 这两张照片几乎一样. * The twins don't look at all alike. 这对双胞胎 一点儿都不像. * All music is alike to him, ie He cannot tell one kind from another. 各种音乐在他听 来全都一样（他辨别不出音乐的种类）. alike adv in the same way 同样地: treat everybody exactly alike 一视同仁* The climate here is always hot, summer and winter alike. 这里的气候总是那么热, 夏季和冬季都一样. alimentary / 9AlI5mentErI; 9AlE`mZntErI/ adj of food and digestion 食物及消化的. alimentary canal tubular passage between the mouth and the anus through which food passes as it is digested 消化道. alimony / 5AlImEnI; ?@ -mEUnI; `AlE9monI/ n [U] allowance that a court may order a man to pay to his wife or former wife before or after a legal separation or divorce （经法院判决在分居或离婚以前 或以后男方付给妻子或前妻的）赡养费. Cf 参看 maintenance 2. alive / E5laIv; E`laIv/ adj [pred 作表语] 1 living; not dead 活著; 没死: She was still alive when I reached the hospital. 当我赶到医院的时候, 她还活著呢. * Many people are still buried alive after the earthquake. 在地震过后, 仍有很多人被活生生埋著. 2 active; lively 活泼; 活动; 有活力: You seem very much alive today. 你今天好像非常活跃. 3 in existence; continuing 存在著; 继续 不断: Newspaper reports kept interest in the story alive. 报纸报道的这件事一直很吸引人. 4 (idm 习语) a,live and `kicking (infml 口) still living, in good health and active 生气勃勃; 精神饱满; 活 泼; 活跃: You'll be glad to hear that Bill is alive and kicking. 比尔现在精神饱满, 你听了一定很高 兴. (be) alive to sth aware of or responsive to sth 对某事物注意到的或敏感的: He is fully alive to the possible dangers. 他充分注意到会有危险. (be) alive with sth full of (living or moving things) 充 满（活的或动的东西）: The lake was alive with fish. 湖满是游来游去的鱼. ,look a`live hurry up; be brisk 赶快; 快些: Look alive! You'll miss the bus. 快点儿啊! 你要赶不上公共汽车了. alkali / 5AlkElaI; `AlkE9laI/ n [C, U] (chemistry 化) any of a class of substances (eg caustic soda and ammonia) that neutralize acids and form caustic or corrosive solutions in water 硷. Cf 参看 acid1 1. alkaline adj: alkaline soil 硷性土壤. Cf 参看 acid2 3. alkalinity / lkE5lInItI; 9AlkE`lInEtI/ n [U]. all / R:l; Rl/ indef det 1 (used with plural ns; the n may be preceded by the, this/that/these/those, my, his, her, etc or a cardinal number 与复数名词连用, 在名词前可用the, this[that/these/those]my, his, her 等, 也可用基数词) the whole number of 全部; 全数; 全体; 所有; 一切: All horses are animals, but not all animals are horses. 所有的马都是动物, 但并非所有的动物都是马. * All the people you invited are coming. 你所邀请的人全都来. * All my plants have died. 我的花草全都死了. * All five men are hard workers. 他们五个人都很努力. 2 (used with uncountable ns; the n may be preceded by the, this/that or my, his, her, etc 与不可数名词连用, 在名词前可用the, this[that] 或my, his, her 等) the whole amount of 全部; 全数; 所有; 一切: All wood tends to shrink. 所有木头都会缩一些. * You've had all the fun and I've had all the hard work. 所有美事儿都是你的, 所有苦事儿都是我的. * All this mail must be answered. 这批信件都得回覆. 3 (used with singular ns denoting a period of time 与表示一段时间的单数名词连用) (for) the whole duration of 全; 整; 整个: He's worked hard all year/month/week/day, ie throughout the year, etc. 他全年[整月/整星期/全天]都很努力. * She was abroad all last summer. 她去年整个夏天都在国外. * We were unemployed (for) all that time. 在整整那段时期我们都失业了. * He has lived all his life in London. 他一生都住在伦敦. =>Usage 见所附用法. 4 the greatest possible 极大限度的: with all speed/haste/dispatch 全速[尽快/尽速] * in all honesty/frankness/sincerity, ie speaking with the greatest honesty, etc 最诚实地[坦白地/真诚 地]. 5 any whatever 无论什么; 任何: Beyond all doubt (ie There can't be any doubt that) changes are coming. 毫无疑问, 要有变化了. * He denied all knowledge of the crime. 他声称对那罪行一无 所知. 6 (idm 习语) and all `that (jazz, rubbish, etc) (infml 口) and other similar things 诸如此类 的: I'm bored by history dates and battles and all that stuff. 我让历史科给烦透了--那些日期, 战争 之类的事. for all => for1. not all that good, well, etc not particularly good, well, etc 不那么美好, 完 美等: He doesn't sing all that well. 他唱得并不那么好. not as bad(ly), etc as all `that not to the extent implied 不到那种程度; 不至于: They're not as rich as all that. 他们并非那么富有. All Fools' Day = April Fool's Day (April). all-night adj. [attrib 作定语] lasting, functioning, etc throughout the night 通宵的: an all-night party, cafe, vigil 通宵的聚会, 咖啡馆, 熬夜. All Saints' Day (also ,All `Hallows' Day) 1 November 万圣节（11 月1 日）. All Souls' Day 2 November 万灵节（11 月2 日）. all-time adj. [attrib 作定语] of all recorded time 有纪录以来的; 历来的; 空前的: one of the all-time great tennis players 历来最好的网球健将* an all-time (ie unsurpassed) record 空前的纪 录* Profits are at an all-time low, ie lower than they have ever been. 利润空前地低. all NOTE ON USAGE 用法: All and half can be used with countable and uncountable nouns. *all 和 half 与可数名词和不可数名词连用均可. Both is used only with plural countable nouns and refers to two in number. *both 只与复数的可数名词连用, 所指数目为二. 1 All three can come before a noun, often with a determiner (eg the, this, my). 这三个词都可用于名词之前, 常与限定词（如 the, this, my ）连用. Half must be followed by a determiner *half 若用于名词之前, 其后必接一限定词: He's been here all (the) week. 他整个儿星期都在这 . * Half this money is yours. 这笔钱有一半 是你的. * Both (our) cars are Fords. （我们的）两辆汽车都是福特牌的. * Both (the/his) parents are teachers. （他的）父母都是教师. 2 All and both can come after a noun or pronoun *all 和both 均可用于名词或代词之后: The spectators all booed the teams. 全体观众都向两队喝倒彩. * His parents are both teachers. 他父母都是教师. * We all/both arrived late. 我们都[俩]来晚了. 3 All, both and half are used with of followed by a noun or a pronoun *all, both 和half 都可与of 连用, 其后 接名词或代词: All/Half (of) the milk had been drunk. 所有的[有一半]奶已喝完. * Both (of) his brothers are lawyers. 他的两个哥哥都是律师. * All/Both/Half of us wanted to leave early. 我们大 家[我们俩/有一半人]都想早些走. all / R:l; Rl/ indef pron 1 the whole number or amount 全部; 全数; 所有; 一切. (a) ~ (of sb/sth) (referring back 用以复指前文): We had several bottles of beer left all (of them) have disappeared. 我们剩下几瓶啤酒来著--全不见了. * I invited my five sisters but not all (of them) can come. 我邀 请了我的五个姐妹, 但（她们）却不能都来. * Some of the food has been eaten, but not all (of it). 有 些食物吃了, 倒不是所有的（食物）都吃了. (b) ~ of sb/sth (referring forward 用以预指后文): All of the mourners were dressed in black/They were all dressed in black. 所有哀悼的人都穿著黑衣服[他 们全穿著黑衣服]. * All of the toys were broken/They were all broken. 所有玩具都坏了[那些都坏 了]. * Take all of the wine/Take it all. 把所有的酒都喝光[把酒都喝光]. * All of this is yours/This is all yours. 所有这些都是你的[这些都是你的]. 2 (followed by a relative clause, often without that 后接关系从句, 常不用that) the only thing; everything 唯一的事或物; 每件事或物; 所有的一切: All I want is peace and quiet. 我所要的只是安宁. * He took all there was/all that I had. 他把所有的 都拿去了[我所有的都拿去了]. 3 (idm 习语) all in `all when everything is considered 从各方面考 虑; 从各方面来说: All in all it had been a great success. 从各方面来说, 那都是极大的成功. all or `nothing (of a course of action) requiring all one's efforts （指行动过程）需竭尽全力: It's all or nothing if we don't score now we've lost the match. 一定要全力以赴--如果现在得不到分, 我们就 输定了. and `all also; included; in addition 也; 包括; 而且: The wind blew everything off the table, tablecloth and all. 风把桌子上的所有东西连桌布都吹掉了. (not) at all in any way; to any extent 根 本; 丝毫: I didn't enjoy it at all. 我一点儿都不喜欢. * There was nothing at all to eat. 根本没有东 西吃. * Are you at all worried about the forecast? 对这项预报你不担点儿心吗? in all altogether; as a total 一共; 总计: There were twelve of us in all for dinner. 我们一共十二个人吃饭. * That's 5.40 in all. 总共5.40 英镑. ,not at `all (used as a polite reply to an expression of thanks 回答对方道谢的 客套话). one's `all everything one has; life 自己所有的一切; 生命: They gave their all (ie fought and died) in the war. 他们在战争中牺牲了. all / R:l; Rl/ indef adv 1 completely 全; 完全: She was dressed all in white, ie All the clothes she was wearing were white. 她全身都穿著白的. * She lives all alone/all by herself. 她独自[一个人]生 活. * The coffee went all over my trousers. 咖啡全洒在我裤子上了. 2 (infml 口) very 很; 非常: She was all excited. 她非常兴奋. * Now don't get all upset about it. 别为那件事太烦恼了. 3 (used with too and adjs or advs 与too 及形容词或副词连用) more than is desirable 过于: The end of the holiday came all too soon. 假期结束得未免太快了. 4 (in sports and games) to each side （在运动 与比赛中）各方: The score was four all. 比分是四平. 5 (idm 习语) all a`long (infml 口) all the time; from the beginning 一直; 始终; 从开始起就: I realized I had had it in my pocket all along. 我 发觉原来这一直就在我口袋. all but almost 几乎; 差不多: The party was all but over when we arrived. 我们到达时, 聚会已近尾声. * It was all but impossible to climb back into the boat. 再回到 小船上已几乎不可能了. all `in physically tired; exhausted 疲劳的; 筋疲力尽的: At the end of the race he felt all in. 他在赛跑结束时感到筋疲力尽. all of sth (of size, height, distance, etc) probably more than; fully （指体积, 高度, 距离等）可能超过; 足足: It was all of two miles to the beach. 离 沙滩足足有两英里. all `one forming a complete unit 成一整体; 合一: We don't have a separate dining-room the living area is all one. 我们没有单独的饭厅--活动空间都在一处. all over (a) everywhere 到处; 各处: We looked all over for the ring. 我们到处找那支指环. * I'm aching all over after the match. 比赛后我浑身疼痛. (b) what one would expect of the person specified 正像所 说的人一样: That sounds like my sister all over. 听起来跟我姐姐一模一样. all `right (also infml 口 语亦作 al`right) ( ?Ba) as desired; satisfactor(il)y 如愿; 满意（的）: Is the coffee all right? 这咖 啡行吗? * Are you getting along all right in your new job? 你的新工作还行吗? (b) safe and well 安 全而健康: I hope the children are all right. 我希望孩子们平安而健康. (c) only just good enough 尚 可: This homework is all right but you could do better. 这份家庭作业还算可以, 其实你可以做得更 好. (d) (expressing agreement to do what sb has asked 表示同意做某人所要求的事): `Will you post this for me?' `Yes, all right. ‘你把这个给我寄去可以吗?’‘好吧.’ (e) (expressing absolute certainty 表示绝对肯定): That's the man I saw in the car all right. 那就是我看见的那个在汽车的 人, 错不了. all the better, harder, etc so much better, harder, etc 更好, 更努力等: We'll have to work all the harder with two members of staff away ill. 有两个职员因病缺勤, 我们只好加把⒍ ? ,all `there (infml 口) completely sane; mentally alert 十分清醒的; 机敏的: He behaves very oddly at times I don't think he's quite all there. 他有时很怪--我觉得他头脑不太正常. be all about sb/sth have sb/sth as its subject matter or main point of interest 把某人[某事物]当作议题或重点: The news is all about the latest summit meeting. 这条消息是关于最近的首脑级会议的. be all for sth/doing sth believe strongly that sth is desirable 坚信某事物是想望的: She's all for more nursery schools being built. 她坚持主张多建托儿所. be all `one to sb (of two or more choices) be a matter of indifference to sb （指有所选择时）对某人来说无所谓: It's all one to me whether we eat now or later. 现在吃或 是等一会儿再吃对我来说都一样. be all over ... become known by everyone in (a place) 在（某处） 为人人皆知: News of the holiday was all over the school within minutes. 放假的消息几分钟内全校 就人人皆知了. be all `over sb (infml 口) show excessive affection for or enthusiasm about sb when in his company 巴结某人; 讨好某人: You can see he's infatuated by her he was all over her at the party. 你能看出来他被她迷住了--在聚会上他一直向她献殷勤. be all up (with sb) (infml 口) be the end (for sb) （对某人来说）全完了: It looks as though it's all up with us now, ie we're ruined, have no further chances, etc. 看来我们现在算全完了（我们垮了, 没有希望了等）. all-clear n. the all-clear (usu sing 通常作单数) signal that danger is over 解除警报的信号; 解除 危险的信号. all-in adj. including everything 包括一切的: an ,all-in `price, ie with no extras 包括一切的价格 （无额外费用）. `all-in wrestling type of wrestling in which there are few or no restrictions 自由式摔 跤（无甚限制或全无限制的一种摔跤方式）. all out using all possible strength and resources 全力以赴的: The team is going all out to win the championship. 这个队为了争取冠军而全力以赴. * [attrib 作定语] make an all-out attempt to meet a deadline 竭尽全力设法不逾期. all-urpose adj. having many different uses 有多种用途的; 通用的: an ,all-purpose `workroom 通 用工作室. all-round adj. [attrib 作定语] 1 not specialized; general 多方面的; 全面的: a good all-`round education 良好的全面发展的教育. 2 (of a person) with a wide range of abilities （指人）全能的; 多面手的: an ,all-round `sportsman 全能运动员. all-rounder n person with a wide range of abilities 全能的人; 多面手. all-star adj. [attrib 作定语] including many famous actors 包括很多著名演员的; 明星云集的: an all-star cast 有很多明星的演员阵容. all- pref. 前缀(forming compound adjs and advs 用以构成复合形容词及副词) 1 entirely 完全; 全部; 全: an all-electric kitchen * an all-American show. 2 in the highest degree 最高程度; 最; 极: all-important * all-powerful * all-merciful. Allah / 5AlE; `AlE/ n name of God among Muslims and among Arabs of all faiths 安拉, 真主（穆斯 林及有各种不同信仰的阿拉伯人所信奉的神）. allay / E5leI; E`le/ v [Tn] (fml 文) make (sth) less; relieve 减轻; 缓和: allay trouble, fears, suffering, doubt, suspicion 减轻烦恼, 恐惧, 苦难, 疑惑, 嫌疑. allegation / 9AlI5geIFn; 9AlE`-eFEn/ n 1 act of alleging 陈述; 宣称; 声称; 辩解. 2 statement made without proof （无证据的）陈词: These are serious allegations. 这是很严重的提法. allege / E5ledV; E`lZdV/ v [Tf, Cn.n/a, Cn.t only passive 只用于被动语态] (fml 文) state (sth) as a fact but without proof; give as an argument or excuse （无证据地）陈述, 宣称, 声称（某事）; 辩 解: The prisoner alleges that he was at home on the night of the crime. 囚犯辩称案发当晚他在家中. * He alleged illness as the reason for his absence. 他称病缺席. * We were alleged to have brought goods into the country illegally. 我们被指控非法携带货物入境. alleged adj. [attrib 作定语] stated without being proved （未经证实而）陈述的: the alleged culprit, ie the person said to be the culprit 被控的疑犯. allegedly /E 5ledVIdlI; E`lZdVIdlI/ adv: The novel was allegedly written by a computer. 那部小说据 称是电脑写的. allegiance / E5li:dVEns; E`lidVEns/ n [U] (fml 文) ~ (to sb/sth) support of or loyalty to a government, ruler, cause, etc （对政府, 统治者, 事业等的）拥护, 忠诚: swear (an oath of) allegiance to the Queen 宣誓效忠女王. allegory / 5AlIgErI; ?@ 5AlIgR:rI; `AlE9-RrI/ n [U, C] (style of a) story, painting or description in which the characters and events are meant as symbols of purity, truth, patience, etc 寓言（体）, 讽喻 （风格）（以人物和事件象徵纯洁, 真理, 耐心等的故事, 绘画或叙述）. allegorical / 9AlI5gCrIkl; ?@ 9AlI5gR:rEkl; `AlE9-RrIkEl/ adj. allegorically adv. allegretto / 9AlI5gretEU; 9AlE`-rZto/ adj, adv (music 音) fairly fast and lively 稍快而活泼（的）. allegretto n. (pl ~s) piece of music (to be) played in this way 小快板的乐曲. allegro / E5leIgrEU; E`le-ro/ adj, adv (music 音) in quick time; fast and lively 快速（的）; 快速而 活泼（的）. allegro n. (pl ~s) piece of music (to be) played in this way 快板的乐曲. alleluia / 9AlI5lu:jE; 9AlE`lujE/ (also hallelujah) n, interj (song or shout expressing) praise to God 哈 利路亚（表达赞美上帝的歌或欢呼）. allergy / 5AlEdVI; `AlLdVI/ n ~ (to sth) medical condition that produces an unfavourable reaction to certain foods, pollens, insect bites, etc （对某些食物, 花粉, 虫咬等的）变态反应性; 过敏症: have an allergy to certain milk products 对某些奶制品有过敏反应. allergic / E5l\:dVIk; E`l[dVIk/ adj 1 [pred 作表语] ~ (to sth) having an allergy 有变应性; 过敏 性: I like cats but unfortunately I'm allergic to them. 我很喜欢猫, 但可惜我对猫过敏. 2 caused by an allergy 由变态反应引起的; 由过敏引起的: an allergic rash 变应疹. 3 [pred 作表语] ~ to sth (joc infml 谑, 口) having a strong dislike of sth （对某事物）有强烈反感: I'm allergic to hard work! 我最讨厌累活儿! alleviate / E5li:vIeIt; E`livI9et/ v [Tn] make (sth) less severe; ease 减轻; 缓和: The doctor gave her an injection to alleviate the pain. 医生给她注射以减轻疼痛. * They alleviated the boredom of waiting by singing songs. 他们以唱歌来减轻等候的厌烦. alleviation / E9li:vI5eIFn; E9livI`eFEn/ n [U]. alley / 5AlI; `AlI/ n 1 (also `alley-way) narrow passage, esp between or behind houses or other buildings, usu for pedestrians only 胡同; 小巷. 2 path bordered by trees or hedges in a garden or park （花园或公园中由树木或树篱间成的）小径. =>Usage at road 用法见road. 3 long narrow area in which games like tenpin bowling and skittles are played （十柱及九柱滚木球戏[保龄球]等的 长而窄的）滚道, 球道. tin-pan alley / 9tIn pAn 5lI; 9tIn pAn `AlI/ (infmlsometimes derog 口, 有时作贬义) composers, performersand publishers of popular music and the type of life they live 流行音乐作曲家, 表演者, 出版商及其生活方式: He's been in tin-pan alley for twenty years. 他二十年来一直演奏流行乐曲. alliance / E5laIEns; E`laIEns/ n 1 [U] action or state of being joined or associated 结合; 结盟: States seek to become stronger through alliance. 各国力求通过结盟而更加强大. 2 [C] union or association formed for mutual benefit, esp between families (by marriage), countries or organizations 联姻; 联盟; 联合: enter into/break off an alliance with a neighbouring state 与邻国结成[解除]联盟. 3 (idm 习语) in alliance (with sb/sth) united; joined together 与...联合; 与...结合: We are working in alliance with our foreign partners. 我们与外国合伙人联合一道工作. allied => ally. alligator / 5AlIgeItE(r); `AlE9-etL/ n 1 [C] reptile of the crocodile family found esp in the rivers and lakes of tropical America and China 短吻鳄（鳄科爬行动物, 产于热带的美洲及中国的江河湖泊）. 2 [U] its skin made into leather 短吻鳄皮革: [attrib 作定语] an alligator handbag 鳄鱼皮手提包. alliteration / E9lItE5reIFn; E9lItE`reFEn/ n [U] occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of two or more words in succession, as in sing a song of sixpence or as thick as thieves 头韵（连续的 词语中出现的开头相同的字母或语音, 如在sing a song of sixpence 或在as thick as thieves 中 者）. alliterative / E5lItrEtIv; ?@ E5lItEreItIv; E`lItE9retIv/ adj. alliteratively adv. allocate / 5AlEkeIt; `AlE9ket/ v [Tn, Dn.n, Dn.pr] ~ sth (to sb/sth) allot or assign sth (to sb/sth) for a special purpose （为某目的）配给, 分配某事物（给某人[某事物]）: allocate funds for repair work 拨出经费作维修用* He allocated each of us our tasks/allocated tasks to each of us. 他给我们每个 人都分配了工作. allocation / 9AlE5keIFn; 9AlE`keFEn/ n 1 [U] action of allocating 配给; 分配; 拨出. 2 [C] amount (of money, space, etc) allocated （钱, 地方等的）配给量: We've spent our entire allocation for the year. 我们已经把今年拨给我们的全部经费都花光了. allot / E5lCt; E`lBt/ v (-tt-) [Tn, Dn.n, Dn.pr] ~ sth (to sb/sth) give (time, money, duties, etc) as a share of what is available; apportion sth （按现有份额）分配, 拨给, 摊派（时间, 钱, 任务等）: How much cash has been allotted? 拨给多少现款? * We did the work within the time they'd allotted (to) us. 我 们在指定的时间内把工作做完了. * Who will she allot the easy jobs to? 她把轻活儿分给谁呢? allotment n. 1 [U] action of allotting 分配; 分派; 摊派; 拨款. 2 [C] amount or portion allotted 份额. 3 [C] (esp Brit) small area of public land rented for growing vegetables or flowers （作种菜或 种花之用而出租的）小片公地. allow / E5laU; E`laJ/ v 1 (a) [Tnt] permit (sb/sth) to do sth 允许, 许可, 准许（某人[某事物]）做 某事物: My boss doesn't allow me to use the telephone. 老板不许我使用电话. * Passengers are not allowed to smoke. 乘客不得吸烟. * (fig 比喻) She allowed her mind to wander. 她任由思绪徘徊. (b) [Tn] let (sth) be done or happen 容许（某事物）发生: Photography is not allowed in this theatre. 本剧院内不准摄影. * We don't allow smoking in our house. 在我们家不容许吸烟. (c) [Tn esp passive 尤用于被动语态] (usu negative 通常作否定式) permit (sb/sth) to go in 准予（某人[某物]） 进入: Dogs not allowed/No dogs allowed, ie It is not permitted to bring dogs into this park, building, etc. 不准携狗入内. 2 [Dn.n, Dn.pr] ~ sth to sb let sb have sth 让某人得到某事物: This diet allows you one glass of wine a day. 这种规定饮食可让你每天喝一杯酒. * How much holiday are you allowed? 你有多少天假? * I'm not allowed visitors. 不准我有访客. * The garage allowed me 500 on my old car, ie as a discount on the price of a new one. 汽车修理厂给我的旧汽车作价500 英镑. * (fig 比喻) He allows his imagination full play, ie does not try to control it. 他任自己的想像力充分 发挥（不想控制它）. 3 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (for sb/sth) provide sth or set sth aside for a purpose or in estimating sth （为某目的或作估计）留出, 打出某事物: allow four sandwiches each/per head 给每 人准备四块三明治* You must allow three metres for a long-sleeved dress. 做长袖的衣服你得打出 三米来. * I should allow an hour to get to London. 到伦敦去我得留出一小时来. 4 (a) [Tn, Tf] (law 律) agree that (sth) is true or correct 同意（某事物）属实或正确: The judge allowed my claim. 法官同意了我的要求. * He allowed that I had the right to appeal. 他同意我有权上诉. (b) [Tf, Tnt] (fml 文) accept (sth); admit 接受（某事物）; 承认: Even if we allow that the poet was mad... 即使 我们承认那位诗人是疯子... * Many allow him to be the leading artist in his field. 很多人都认为他 在这一艺术领域首屈一指. 5 (phr v) allow for sb/sth include sb/sth in one's calculations 在计算, 估计, 考虑时包括某人[某事物]: It will take you half an hour to get to the station, allowing for traffic delays. 把路上的耽搁算进去, 你要用半小时才能到车站. allow sb in, out, up, etc permit sb to enter, leave, get up, etc 允许某人进入, 离开, 起来等: She won't allow the children in(to the house) until they've wiped their shoes. 孩子们不把鞋擦乾净, 她就不让他们进（屋）. * The patient was allowed up (ie permitted to get out of bed) after 10 days. 病人十天以后才允许起来（准予离床下地）. allow of sth (fml 文) permit sth; leave room for sth 容许某事物; 对某事物留有余地: The facts allow of only one explanation. 这些事实只能有一种解释. allowable adj. that is or can be allowed by law, the rules, etc （法律, 规则等）可容许的; 可承认 的: allowable expenses 许可支出. allowance / E5laUEns; E`laJEns/ n 1 [C, U] amount of sth, esp money, allowed or given regularly 津贴; 补助: an allowance of 15 per day 每天15 英镑的津贴* be paid a clothing/subsistence/travel allowance, ie money to be spent on clothes, etc 付给治装[生活/旅途]津贴* I didn't receive any allowance from my father. 我没有收到父亲给的零用钱. * a luggage allowance, ie amount of luggage a passenger can take free, esp on an aeroplane 免费携带行李额（尤指在飞机上）. 2 [C] sum of money deducted; discount 折价; 折扣: get an allowance for your old car, fridge, cooker 获得 你的旧汽车, 冰箱, 炉具的折价* tax allowance, ie money deducted from income before the current rate of tax is imposed 免税额（徵收本年度税款前从总收入中减除的款额）. 3 (idm 习语) make (an) allowance for sth consider sth when making a decision, etc （在做决定等时）考虑到某事物. make allowances for sb regard sb as deserving to be treated differently from others for some reason （因某原因需区别对待而）体谅, 照顾某人: You must make allowances for him because he has been ill. 你应该体谅他, 因为他一直病著. alloy / 5AlRI; `AlRI/ n [C, U] 1 metal formed of a mixture of metals or of metal and another substance 合金; 齐: Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc. 黄铜是铜和锌的合金. * [attrib 作定语] alloy steel 合金钢. 2 inferior metal mixed with one of greater value, esp gold or silver （与一种贵 金属, 尤指金或银熔合的）贱金属. alloy / E5lRI; E`lRI/ v [Tn] 1 mix (sth) with metal(s) of lower value 将（某贵金属）与贱金属熔合. 2 (fig fml 比喻, 文) weaken or spoil (sth) by sth that reduces value or pleasure （因有减低价值或乐 趣的事物而）使（某事物）减弱或受损: happiness that no fear could alloy 不受恐惧影响的幸福. allspice / 5R:lspaIs; `Rl9spaIs/ (also pimento) n [U] spice made from the dried berries of the pimento, a West Indian tree 多香果香料（取自西印度多香果树的浆果乾）. allude / E5lu:d; E`lud/ v [Ipr] ~ to sb/sth (fml 文) mention sb/sth briefly or indirectly 提及, 暗指或 暗示某人[某事物]: You alluded to certain developments in your speech what exactly did you mean? 你在讲话中提到某些发展--确切的意思是什么呢? allure / E5lUE(r); E`lJr/ v [Tn, Tnt] (fml or rhet 文或修辞) tempt or attract (sb) by the expectation of gaining sth （以可获得某事物）诱惑, 引诱或吸引（某人）: Many settlers were allured by promises of easy wealth. 很多安家落户的人都是受了诱惑, 以为转眼就能发财而来的. allure n. [C, U] attractiveness; charm 诱惑力; 魅力: the false allure of big-city life 大城市生活的 虚幻的诱惑力. allurement n. [C, U]. alluring adj. attractive; charming 吸引人的; 迷人的; 诱惑人的: an alluring smile, prospect, promise 迷人的微笑, 前景, 承诺. allusion / E5lu:Vn; E`luVEn/ n ~ (to sb/sth) indirect reference 间接提及; 暗指; 典故: Her poetry is full of obscure literary allusions. 他的诗里用了很多晦涩的文学典故. * He resents any allusion to his baldness. 他讨厌人家影射他秃顶. allusive adj. / E5lu:sIv; E`lusIv/ containing allusions 含暗示的; 暗指的; 含典故的: Her allusive style is difficult to follow. 她引经据典的风格晦涩难懂. alluvial / E5lu:vIEl; E`luvIEl/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] made of sand, earth, etc left by rivers or floods, esp in a delta 冲积的; 淤积的: alluvial deposits/soil/plains 冲积物[土/平原]. ally / E5laI; E`laI/ v (pt, pp allied) [Ipr, Tn.pr] ~ (sb/oneself) with/to sb/sth join or become joined with sb/sth by treaty, marriage, etc 与某人[某事物]结盟, 联盟或联姻: Britain has allied itself with other western powers for trade and defence. 英国与其他西方强国结成了贸易及防御联盟. allied / 5AlaId, also 5AlaId; `Al9aId/ adj ~ (to sth) connected; similar 有关联的; 类似的: a union of `allied trades 一个同业工会* The increase in violent crimes is al`lied to the rise in unemployment. 暴力罪案的增加与失业的增加有关. ally / 5AlaI; `Al9aI/ n 1 [C] person, country, etc joined with another in order to give help and support 同盟者; 同盟国. 2 the Allies [pl] those countries which fought with Britain in World War I and II （第一次世界大战中的）协约国; （第二次世界大战中的）同盟国. Alma Mater / 9AlmE 5mB:tE(r); `AlmE`mBtL/ 1 (fml or joc 文或谑) university or school at which one was or is being taught 母校. 2 (US) school song or anthem 校歌. almanac (also almanack) / 5R:lmEnAk; ?@ also 5Al-;`RlmE9nAk, `Al-/ n 1 annual book or calendar of months and days, giving information about the sun, moon, tides, anniversaries, etc 历书, 年历, 天文历（有月份, 日期及有关日, 月, 潮汐, 纪念日等资料）. 2 book published annually giving statistical information on various subjects, eg sport, the theatre, etc 年鉴（逐年出版的载有各 项如运动, 戏剧等统计资料的书）. almighty / R:l5maItI; Rl`maItI/ adj 1 having all power; powerful beyond measure 全能的; 有无限 权力的: God Almighty/Almighty God 全能的上帝. 2 [attrib 作定语] (infml 口) very great 极大 的: an almighty crash, nuisance, row 极大的碰撞, 讨厌事, 吵嚷. the Almighty n. [sing] God 上帝. almond / 5B:mEnd; `BmEnd/ n 1 type of tree related to the plum and peach 扁桃树. 2 nut inside the stone-fruit of this tree 扁桃仁; 杏仁: [attrib 作定语] almond essence 扁桃香精. =>illus at nut 见nut 之插图. almond-eyed adj. having narrow oval eyes 杏眼的（眼睛呈扁椭圆形的）. almond paste edible paste made from finely ground almonds 杏仁糊. almoner / 5B:mEnE(r); ?@ 5Alm-; `AlmEnL/ n 1 (formerly) official who distributed money and gave help to the poor 施赈员（旧时负责发放救济金赈济贫民的官员）. 2 (Brit also medical social worker) social worker attached to a hospital 医院中的社会工作者. almost / 5R:lmEUst; `Rl9most/ adv 1 (used before advs, ns, adjs, vs, dets and prons 用于副词, 名 词, 形容词, 动词, 限定词及代词之前) nearly; not quite 几乎; 差不多; 不十分: It's a mistake they almost always make. 那是他们几乎总要犯的错误. * It's almost time to go. 差不多是该走的时候 了. * Dinner's almost ready. 饭差不多准备好了. * He slipped and almost fell. 他脚下一滑, 险些跌 倒. * He's almost six feet tall. 他差不多有六英尺高. * Almost anything will do. 几乎什么都行. 2 (used before no, nobody, none, nothing, never 用于no, nobody, none, nothing, never 之前) virtually; practically 实质上; 实际上; 简直: Almost no one (ie Hardly anyone) believed him. 实际上没有一 个人相信他. * The speaker said almost nothing (ie scarcely anything) worth listening to. 那个发言人 说的话简直没有一句值得听. almost NOTE ON USAGE 用法: Almost, nearly, scarcely and hardly are adverbs and can be used with verbs, adverbs, adjectives and nouns. *almost, nearly, scarcely 和hardly 都是副词, 均可与动词, 副词, 形容词和名词连用. 1 Almost and nearly are usually used in positive sentences *almost 和 nearly 通常用于肯定句: She fell and almost/nearly broke her neck. 她跌倒了, 险些跌断了脖子. * He nearly/almost always arrives late. 他差不多总是迟到. 2 Almost can be used with negative words. *almost 可与否定词连用. In these cases it can be replaced with hardly or scarcely *almost 和否定词的组合可与hardly 或scarcely 互换: He ate almost nothing (= He ate hardly anything). 他 几乎什么也没吃. * There's almost no space to sit(= There's hardly any space to sit). 差不多没地方 坐了. 3 Hardly is generally preferred to almost + a negative verb 用hardly 一般比用 almost