TransGood-Translation memory software Trados, SDL, ForeignDesk, Wordfast, WordFisher, Déjà Vu (DVX), 译佳计算机辅助翻译软件, 雅信CAT TransGood, TransMemory, Translation Software Tools, Computer-assisted translation, computer-aided translation, CAT, machine-aided translation, Translation memory software, Terminology management software, Alignment software, Software localization tools, ?bersetzung Software, Logiciels de traduction, Software di traduzione, Traducción de Software, Mémoire de traduction, Tradu??o memória, Memoria de traducción, Memoria di traduzione, Перевод Software, ForeignDesk, Okapi Framework, OmegaT, Transolution, AidTransStudio, Cafetran, Déjà Vu (DVX), Heartsome Translation Suite, MemoQ, MetaTexis, Rainbow, SDLX, SDL, STAR Transit, Trados, SDL Trados, Wordfast, WordFisher, Similis, Open Language Tools, 翻訳ソフトウェア, 翻訳メモリ, 翻译软件 辅助翻译软件 计算机辅助翻译软件 人工智能翻译 翻译工具 专业翻译软件 翻译记忆软件 塔多思 Trados SDL WordFast 雅信CAT 翻译公司 牛津词典 Oxford Dictionary fork. 走右边 forlorn / fE5lR:n; fL`lRrn/ adj 1 lonely and unhappy; uncared for 孤独而凄凉的; 无人照顾的: a forlorn child sitting on the street corner 坐在街角没人照顾的孩子. 2 (of places) looking uncared for; wretched or forsaken （指地方）似无人管理的, 破烂的, 被离弃的: deserted forlorn farmhouses 弃置的破烂农舍. 3 (idm 习语) a forlorn `hope plan or undertaking that is almost certain not to succeed 几乎不可能实现的计画或不可能成功的事情: Going to their rescue in a rowing-boat is a bit of a forlorn hope. 乘划艇去救他们, 希望不大. forlornly adv. forlornness n. [U]. form / fR:m; fRrm/ n 1 [C, U] outward physical appearance of sb/sth; shape 某人[某物]的外形; 外 貌; 样子; 形状: a jelly mould in the form of a motor car 做成汽车形状的果冻* We could just manage to see the form of an aircraft taking off in the fog. 飞机在雾中起飞, 我们仅仅能看出它的 轮廓. * her slender graceful form 她那苗条优美的体形. 2 [C] ~ (of sth) specific type of arrangement or structure of sth; manner in which sth exists or appears; kind or variety 某事物的具体 组成或结构; 某事物存在的或呈现的形式; 形态; 体制; 种类: water in the form of ice 水呈冰的 形态* different forms of government 各种政体* The training took the form of (ie consisted of) seminars and lectures. 这种培训是以讨论与讲课的形式进行的. * the form (ie set order of words) of the marriage service 婚礼仪式. 3 [U] general structure and arrangement of sth created such as a musical composition or piece of writing, in contrast to its content （音乐及文学作品等的）形式, 体 裁: music in sonata form 奏鸣曲* literary form 文学体裁* This painting shows a good sense of form. 这幅画的构图很好. 4 [C, U] (grammar) (particular) spelling or pronunciation of a word 字 形; 字的发音: The plural form of `goose' is `geese'. goose 的复数形式是geese. * The words `elevator' and `lift' are different in form but identical in meaning. elevator 与lift 形式相异但意义相同. 5 [U] particular manner of behaving, speaking, or writing that is normally required or expected 礼貌; 礼节: Although she is not entitled to attend the dinner, I think she should be invited as a matter of form, ie because it is correct or polite. 尽管她没有资格参加这次晚宴, 我认为出于礼节还是应该邀请她. * What is the form (ie the correct thing to do)? 按理说该怎麽做? 6 [U] (a) strength, fitness to compete with others, etc of an athlete, a horse, etc （运动员、马等的）竞技状态: After six months training, the whole team is in superb form. 全队经过六个月的训练竞技状态极佳. (b) record of the actions, behaviour, progress, etc of a person, team, etc （对个人或全队等的动作姿态、表现、进 步情况等的）记录: On present/current form, Spain will win tonight's match. 就西班牙队目前的状态 来看, 今晚的比赛他们能赢. * Judging by recent form, he should easily pass the exam. 从他最近的 表现来看, 他应该很容易考及格. * I've got no record of this horse's form. 我没有这匹马的情况记 录. 7 [U] person's feelings, humour or spirits 感情、幽默或精神状态: They were both in fine/good form at dinner. 晚餐时他们俩的精神都很好. 8 (Brit sl 俚) record of having been found guilty of crimes and (usu) of having received a prison sentence 犯罪记录（通常指曾入狱者）; 前科: He's got no form! 他没有犯罪记录! 9 [C] class, esp in British private schools and some American private schools 年级（尤用于英国私立学校及美国部分私立学校的）: The youngest children are in the first form, the oldest in the sixth form. 最小的儿童上一年级, 最大的上六年级. 10 [C] long wooden bench, usu without a back 长木凳. 11 [C] printed or typed piece of paper with questions, and spaces for answers 表格: fill in an application form 填申请表. 12 [C] place where a hare lives; lair （野兔 的）窝, 窟. 13 (idm 习语) bad/good `form (dated 旧) incorrect/correct social behaviour according to accepted standards 失礼的[有礼貌的]行为: It is sometimes considered bad form to smoke between courses at a meal. 在两道菜之间抽烟有时认为是失礼的. a form of address style of addressing sb in speech or writing 称呼: What form of address should one use when writing to a bishop? 给主教写信应该怎样称呼? in any shape or form => shape1. on/off `form; in/out of `form in a good/bad state of fitness, ability, etc; performing as well as/not as well as usual 处于良好的[不佳的] 竞技状态; 表现如常[不如平常]: The team were on excellent form throughout the whole competition. 这个队在整个比赛过程中一直处于极好的竞技状态. on present form => present1. true to form => true. -former ( forming compound ns 用以构成复合名词) child or young person in the specified form1(9) at school 某年级的学生: a sixth-former. formless adj. without a clear or definite shape or structure 形状或结构不清楚的; 无一定形状或结 构的: formless shadows, ideas, dreams 模糊的影子、想法、梦. formlessly adv. form / fR:m; fRrm/ v 1 (a) [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (from sth) give shape or structure to sth; fashion sth; produce sth 形成、构成、塑造或产生某事物: form a bowl from clay 用陶土做碗 * form sentences and paragraphs 构成句子与段落* The reservoir was formed by flooding the valley. 这个 水库是引水淹没山谷而形成的. * The substances are formed from a mixture of liquids solidifying under pressure. 这些材料是由几种液体混合在一起并加压使之凝固而成的. (b) [Ln] take a particular shape or structure; develop 成一定形状或结构; 发展; 成型. 2 [Ipr, Tn, Tn.pr] ~ (sb/sth) into sth arrange(sb/sth) or be arranged in a certain order 将（某人[某事物]）按一定顺序排列: The children formed (into) a line/The teacher formed the children into a line. 这些小学生排成了一排[老 师让学生排成一排]. * The volunteers formed (themselves into) three groups. 志愿人员分成三组. 3 (a) [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (from sth) bring sth into existence; develop or organize sth 使某事物开始存在; 成立, 创立, 组织（某事物）: form a committee, society, company, etc 成立委员会、协会、公司 等* The Labour leader was asked to form a government. 要求工党领袖组织政府. * (fig 比喻) form an idea, impression, opinion, etc (of sb/sth) 形成（对某人[某事物]的）想法、印象、意见等 * form a relationship 建立关系. (b) [Ipr] come into existence; take shape or develop 开始存在; 出 现; 产生: thunder clouds forming in the distance 远处出现的雷雨云* Ice forms (ie Water becomes solid) at 0C. 水在0C 时结冰. * A scab formed on his leg. 他腿上结了个痂. 4 [Ln] be the material of (sth); be an essential part of (sth); constitute 成为（某事物的）材料; 成为（某事物的）基本部 分; 构成: His research formed the basis of his new book. 他的研究成果是他这本新书的基础. * Should the new department form part of the Faculty of Arts? 这个新的系属文学院吗? * The historical aspect formed the main theme of her essay. 她的论文的主题是由历史观点贯穿起来的. 5 [Tn] instruct or train (sb/sth) 指导或训练（某人[某物]）; 塑造; 养成: a character formed by strict discipline 靠严格的纪律培养起来的性格. 6 [Tn] produce (sth) as the particular spelling or pronunciation of a word 构成（字的某种拼写或发音形式）: form the plural of a noun by adding `s' 在词尾加s 构成名词的复数. 7 (phr v) form (sb) up move (sb) into position in lines, as on parade 将（某人）编入队伍: The battalion formed up by companies on the barrack square. 全营以连为单位 在军营广场上列队. pro forma / 9prEU 5fR:mE; pro`fRrmE/ adj, adv as a matter of convention 作为惯例; 形式上（的）. pro forma (also pro forma invoice) invoice that gives details of goods that have been sent, but does not request payment 形式发票, 估价 单（开列所发货物之清单, 但不要求付款）. formal / 5fR:ml; `fRrml/ adj 1 following accepted rules of behaviour; showing or expecting careful, serious behaviour, as eg on official occasions or in distant, not close, relationships 正式的; 正规的; 按规矩的; 有礼貌的; 庄重的; 文雅的: She has a very formal manner. 她举止端庄. * a formal dinner, luncheon, dance, etc 正式的晚餐、午餐、舞会等 * formal dress 礼服* `Request' is a more formal way of saying `ask for'. 用request 一词比用ask for 显得郑重. 2 regular or geometric in shape; symmetrical 形状整齐的; 成几何图形的; 匀称的: formal gardens 整齐的花园. 3 of the outward shape or appearance (in contrast to the content or substance) 外形的; 外观的; 形式上的: There is only a formal resemblance between the two systems; they are in fact radically different. 这两 种体系只是在表面上有某种相似之处, 其实根本不同. 4 publicly declared and recognized as official 公开宣布的; 正式承认的: a formal denial 公开否认* a formal declaration of war 正式宣 战. 5 [attrib 作定语] (of education) officially given at a school, college, etc （指教育）正规的: The job does not require any formal training. 做这种工作不需要任何正规训练. formalism / -mElIzEm; -ml9IzEm/ n [U] strict observance of external form, ceremony, technique, etc, often without concern for feeling or meaning, eg in art 形式主义: creativity reduced to an empty formalism 沦为空洞的形式主义的创造性. formally / -mElI; -mlI/ adv: The new rates of pay have not been formally agreed. 新的工资标准尚未 正式同意. formaldehyde / fR:5mAldIhaId; fRr`mAldE9haId/ n [U] (chemistry 化) strong-smelling colourless gas used as a preservative and disinfectant when dissolved in water 甲醛. formalin / 5fR:mElIn; `fRrmElIn/ n (chemistry 化) solution of formaldehyde in water, used as above 甲醛水溶液; 福尔马林. formalize, formalise / 5fR:mElaIz; `fRrmE9laIz/ v [Tn] make (a plan, etc) official, esp by writing it down 使（计画等）成为正式的（尤指形成文字）: formalize the arrangements for the conference 把 会议的各项安排确定下来. formalization, formalisation / 9fR:mElaI5zeIFn; 9fRrmElE`zEFEn/ n [U]. formality / fR:5mAlEtI; fRr`mAlEtI/ n 1 [U] careful observance of rules, conventions, etc of language or behaviour （语言或行为）认真遵循规范、正统等: At board meetings you have to get used to the formality of the language. 参加董事会议必须习惯那种古板的语言. * I found the formality of the occasion irritating. 我觉得这种场合的繁文缛节十分讨厌. 2 [C] (a) action required by convention or law 传统上的或法律上的手续: comply with all the necessary formalities 遵照一切必需的礼仪* go through the legal formalities 办理法律手续. (b) such an action which no longer has much real importance or meaning 形式; 例行公事: They said the interview was just a formality/a mere formality, as they've already given me the job. 他们说面试只是一种例行公事, 因 为他们已经把工作给我了. format / 5fR:mt; `fRrmAt/ n 1 shape, size, binding, etc of a book （书的）版式, 开本, 装订方式: It's the same book, but a new format. 还是那本书, 但这是新的版式. 2 general arrangement, plan, design, etc of sth （某事物的）总体安排、计画、设计等: The format of the meeting was such that everyone could ask a question. 会议安排好可让每个人都能提一个问题. 3 arrangement or organization of data for processing or storage by a computer 格式. format v. (-tt-) [Tn] arrange (sth) in a particular format, usu for a computer 按一定方式安排（某事 物）; （通常指计算机）编排格式. formation / fR:5meIFn; fRr`meFEn/ n 1 [U] organizing and developing (of sth) （某事物的）组织, 形成, 构成: the formation of a new government 新政府的组成* the formation of national character 民族特性的形成. 2 [C] thing that is formed, esp in a particular or characteristic way 形成物（尤指 结构特殊的）; 结构: cloud, rock formations 云层、岩层* new word formations 新词的构成. 3 [U] particular arrangement or pattern 编排; 编队; 队形: aircraft flying in formation 编队飞行的飞 机 * [attrib 作定语] for`mation flying 编队飞行. formative / 5fR:mEtIv; `fRrmEtIv/ adj [attrib 作定语] having an important and lasting influence on the development of sb's character 对某人的性格的形成有重要长期影响的: a child's formative years 儿童性格的形成时期* formative influences in one's life 一生中影响性格形成的因素. former / 5fR:mE(r); `fRrmL/ adj [attrib 作定语] 1 of an earlier period or time 以前的: the former world champion 前世界冠军* my former landlady 我以前的女房东* in former times 以前 * She's back to her former self again, eg after an illness. 她又恢复了以前的样子（如病后）. 2 being the first mentioned of two things or people 前者的（两者中先提到的）: The former option favours the married man. 前一种选择对已婚男子有利. 3 (idm 习语) a shadow of one's/its former self => shadow. the former pron the first mentioned of two things or people 前者: If I had to choose between fish and chicken I'd prefer the former, ie fish. 若让我在鱼和鸡之间选择其一, 我要前者（即鱼）. formerly adv in earlier times; previously 以前; 从前: The company formerly belonged to an international banking group. 该公司以前隶属于一个国际银行集团. * Namibia, formerly South West Africa 纳 米比亚, 旧称西南非洲. Cf 参看 latter. formic acid / 9fR:mIk 5AsId; 9fRrmIk `AsId/ colourless acid used in textile finishing, etc originally obtained from ants but now produced synthetically 甲酸; 蚁酸. Formica / fR:5maIkE; fRr`maIkE/ n [U] (propr 专利名) hard heat-resistant plastic made into sheets for covering surfaces 福米加（贴于家具等表面的抗热硬塑料薄板）. formidable / 5fR:mIdEbl; `fRrmIdEbl/ adj 1 causing fear or great anxiety; frightening; awesome 引 起恐惧或不安的; 可怕的; 可畏的: a formidable appearance, look, prospect 可怕的外表、神情、 景象. 2 difficult to deal with or overcome 难以应付的; 难以克服的: formidable obstacles, opposition, debts 难以逾越的障碍、难以克服的反对力量、难以偿还的债务* a formidable task 艰巨的任务. 3 inspiring awe and respect because of excellence and strength; very impressive 极好 极强的; 了不起的; 令人敬畏的; 惊人的: a formidable athlete, competitor, list of qualifications 杰 出的运动员、强大的竞争对手、了不起的资历. formidably / -EblI; -EblI/ adv. formula / 5fR:mjUlE; `fRrmjElE/ n (pl ~s or, in scientific use 作科技用语, 复数作 formulae / -mjUli:; -mjJli/) =>Usage at data 用法见data. 1 [C] (a) (chemistry 化) set of symbols showing the elements that a substance is made of 分子式: The formula for water is H2O. 水的分子式为H2O. (b) (mathematics or physics 数或物) expression of a rule or relationship in algebraic symbols 公式: the formula for converting gallons into litres 加仑与升的换算公式. 2 [C] fixed arrangement of words, esp as used on social, legal or ceremonial occasions 套语, 惯用语（尤指社交、法律场合或仪式上 使用的）: `How d'you do' and `Excuse me' are social formulae. ｀你好＇和｀对不起＇是社交中的 客套语. * know the formula for addressing bishops 知道对主教的习惯称呼. 3 [C] list of ingredients or set of instructions for making sth, esp medicines and fuels 配方; 药方; 处方: a formula for a new drug 新药的配方. 4 [C] set of statements or plans that can be agreed on by two or more persons or groups （双方或各方同意的）方案, 计画: Managers and workers are still working out a peace formula. 劳资双方仍在商谈制订和解方案. 5 [C] ~ (for sth) method, plan, or set of principles worked out to achieve a desired result （为达到预期目的而制订的）方法, 计画, 原则: There is no sure formula for success. 成功并无一定之规. * a formula for a happy marriage 美满婚 姻的信条. 6 [U] classification of racing cars of a particular size, engine capacity, etc 方程式（根据 汽车大小、发动机容量等对赛车的分级）: [attrib 作定语] Formula 1 racing cars 一级方程式赛 车. 7 [U] (US) artificial powdered milk for babies 人造婴儿奶粉. formulaic / 9fR:mjU5leIIk; 9fRrmjE`leIk/ adj made up of set patterns of words 有固定用词格式的: Anglo-Saxon poetry is formulaic. 盎格鲁-撒克逊诗歌有固定的格式. formulate / 5fR:mjUleIt; `fRrmjE9let/ v [Tn] 1 create (sth) in a precise form 将（某事物）形式固定 格式: formulate a rule, policy, theory, etc 制定规则、制定政策、创立理论. 2 express (sth) clearly and exactly using particular words 确切地表达（某思想）: formulate one's thoughts carefully 确切 地阐述自己的思想* The contract was formulated in difficult legal language. 该合同是用深奥的法 律术语订立的. formulation / 9fR:mjU5leIFn; 9fRrmjE`leFEn/ n (a) [U] action of formulating 格式化; 公式化; 确 切的表达. (b) [C] result of this 公式; 确切的表达: choose another formulation 选择另一种表达方 式. fornicate / 5fR:nIkeIt; `fRrnI9ket/ v [I] (fml esp derog 文, 尤作贬义) (of people not married to each other) have sexual intercourse （指无婚姻关系的人之间）性交; 通奸. fornication / 9fR:nI5keIFn; 9fRrnI`keFEn/ n [U]. forsake / fE5seIk; fL`sek/ v (pt forsook / fE5sUk; fL`sJk/, pp forsaken / fE5seIkEn; fL`sekEn/) [Tn] 1 (fml 文) give (sth) up; renounce 抛弃, 放弃（某事物）: forsake one's former habits 抛弃旧习惯. 2 leave (sb), esp when one should be helping him; abandon or desert 离开（某人）（尤指应予帮助时）; 遗弃; 舍弃: forsake one's family and friends 舍弃家人和朋友* a dreary forsaken beach in winter 冬季人迹罕至的海滨. forswear / fR:5sweE(r); fRr`swZr/ v (pt forswore / fR:5swR:(r); fRr`swRr/, pp forsworn / fR:5swR:n; fRr`swRrn/)(fml 文) 1 [Tn, Tg] (promise to) give up (sth); renounce （保证）放弃（某事物）; 舍 弃: He had forsworn smoking. 他已经戒烟了. 2 [Tn] ~ oneself = perjure oneself (perjure). forsythia / fR:5saIWIE; ?@ fEr5sIWIE; fL`sIWIE/ n [U] bush with bright yellow flowers, blooming in the spring 连翘. fort / fR:t; fRrt/ n 1 building(s) specially made or strengthened for the military defence of an area 要 塞; 堡垒; 碉堡; 城堡. 2 (idm 习语) hold the `fort have the responsibility or care of sth/sb in the absence of others 代他人尽责或替他人关照某人[某事物]. forte / 5fR:teI; ?@ fR:rt; fRrt/ n (usu sing 通常作单数) thing that sb does particularly well; strong point 某人擅长的事; 长处; 特长: Mathematics was never my forte. 数学一向非我所长. forte / 5fR:teI; `fRrte/ adj, adv (abbr 缩写 f) (music 音) loud; (to be) played loudly 强音（的）; 用 强音演奏（的）. Cf 参看 piano1. forth / fR:W; fRrW/ adv part 1 (arch 古) out from home, etc （离家等处）外出: explorers who ventured forth to discover new lands 冒险去发现新地域的探险家. 2 (fml 文) onwards; forwards 向前; 向前方: from that day forth 从那天起. 3 (idm 习语) and (,so on and) `so forth and other things of the kind that have already been mentioned 等, 等等（表示列举未尽）: They discussed investments, the state of the economy and so forth. 他们讨论了投资和经济状况等问题. back and forth => back3. forthcoming / 9fR:W5kQmIN; `fRrW`kQmIN/ adj 1 [attrib 作定语] about to happen or appear in the near future 即将发生或出现的: the ,forthcoming e`lections 即将举行的选举 * a list of ,forthcoming `books, ie those about to be published 即将出版的图书的目录. 2 [pred 作表语] (often with a negative 常与否定词连用) ready or made available when needed （需要时）现成, 可 得到: The money we asked for was not forthcoming. 我们要的钱尚未得到. 3 [pred 作表语] ready to help, give information, etc 愿意帮忙或提供信息等: The secretary at the reception desk was not very forthcoming. 接待处的秘书不太主动. forthright / 5fR:WraIt; fRrW`raIt/ adj clear and honest in manner and speech; straightforward 言行坦 诚的; 直率的: He has a reputation for being a forthright critic. 他是以直率著称的评论家. * condemnation in the most forthright language 直言不讳的谴责. forthwith / 9fR:W5wIW; ?@ -5wIT; fRrW`wIW/ adv (fml 文) immediately; at once 立刻; 立即; 即 刻; 马上: Mr Jones will be dismissed forthwith. 琼斯先生即将被解职. fortieth => forty. fortify / 5fR:tIfaI; `fRrtE9faI/ v (pt, pp -fied) 1 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (against sth) (a) strengthen (a place) against attack, by building walls, etc 防卫（某地）（筑围墙等）: fortify a town against invasion 加 强防卫一城镇以抵御敌人入侵 * a fortified city 设防的城市. (b) support or strengthen (sb) physically or morally （在物质或道义上）支持（某人）: Fortified against the cold by a heavy coat, he went out into the snow. 他穿上御寒的大衣冒雪外出. * fortify oneself by prayer and meditation 通过祈祷和冥想增强自己的信念. 2 [Tn usu passive 通常用于被动语态] increase the nutritional value of (a variety of food) by adding vitamins （添加维生素）增加（食物的）营养价值: cereal fortified with extra vitamins 强化营养麦片. fortification / 9fR:tIfI5keIFn; 9fRrtEfE`keFEn/ n 1 [U] fortifying; strengthening 加强防卫; 强化: plans for the fortification of the city 加强城市防御的计画. 2 [C usu pl 通常作复数] tower, wall, ditch, etc built to defend a place against attack 碉堡、围墙、战壕等防御进攻的建筑物: These fortifications were all built during the last war. 这些防御工事都是上次战争时修筑的. fortified wine wine strengthened by adding strong alcohol 加度葡萄酒: Port and madeira are fortified wines. 波尔 图酒和马德拉酒都是加度葡萄酒. a fortiori / 9eI 9fR:tI5R:raI; 9e9fRrtI`R9raI/ (Latin 拉) for this stronger reason 因为这一更充分理由; 更加: If he can afford a luxury yacht, then a fortiori he can afford to pay his debts. 他若能买得起豪 华的快艇, 就更能匀出钱来还债了. fortissimo / fR:5tIsImEU; fRr`tIsE9mo/ adj, adv (abbr 缩写 ff) (music 音) very loud; (to be) played very loudly 最强音（的）; 用最强音演奏（的）. fortitude / 5fR:tItju:d; ?@ -tu:d; `fRrtE9tJd/ n [U] courage, endurance and self-control in facing pain, danger or difficulty （在痛苦、危险或困难面前表现出的）勇气、坚韧和自制力: He bore the pain with great fortitude. 他以极大的毅力忍受了痛苦. fortnight / 5fR:tnaIt; `fRrtnaIt/ n (usu sing 通常作单数) (esp Brit) 1 (period of) two weeks 两星期 （的时间）; 两周: a fortnight's holiday 两周的假期 * a fortnight ago 两星期前 * a fortnight today/tomorrow/on Tuesday, ie two weeks after the day specified 自今天[明天/星期二]起两周之后. 2 (idm 习语) this day fortnight => day. fortnightly adj, adv (esp Brit) (happening) once a fortnight 每两星期（发生）一次（的）: a fortnightly flight to Brazil 每两周飞往巴西一次的航班* go home fortnightly 每两星期回家一次. FORTRAN (also Fortran) / 5fR:trAn; `fRrtrAn/ abbr 缩写 = (computing 计) formula translation, a programminglanguage used esp for scientific calculations 公式翻译（尤指用于科学计算的程序语 言）. fortress / 5fR:trIs; `fRrtrIs/ n castle or large fort; town strengthened against attack 城堡或大的碉堡; 加强防御能力的城镇: attempts to capture this well-protected fortress 夺取这座坚固堡垒的多次进 攻. fortuitous / fR:5tju:ItEs; ?@ -5tu:-; fRr`tuEtEs/ adj (fml 文) happening by chance or coincidence 偶 然发生的; 巧合的: a fortuitous meeting 偶然相遇. fortune / 5fR:tFu:n; `fRrtFEn/ n 1 [U] chance, esp regarded as a power affecting people's lives: (good or bad) luck 机会（尤指对人们生活有重要影响的）; （好的或坏的）运气: By a stroke (ie instance) of (good) fortune, he won the competition. 他靠（好）运气在竞赛中获胜. * be a victim of ill (ie bad) fortune 成为恶运的牺牲品* I had the good fortune (ie was lucky enough) to be chosen for a trip abroad. 我真幸运, 被选中出国旅行. 2 [C usu pl 通常作复数] event or change in the life of a person or in the progress of a country, business, etc （在人生中或在国家业务等的发展中的） 事情或转变: The party's fortunes were at their lowest level after the election defeat. 该党在竞选失败 后每况愈下. 3 [C] person's destiny or future; fate 个人的运气或前途; 命运: At the fair a gypsy told (me) my fortune, eg by looking at playing-cards or the lines on my hand. 有个吉普赛人在游乐 场上给我算过命. 4 [C] large amount of money 大笔的钱; 巨款: That ring is worth/must have cost a fortune. 那戒指很值钱. * She inherited a large fortune. 她继承了一大笔财产. * He made a considerable fortune selling waste materials. 他靠卖废料发了大财. 5 (idm 习语) the fortune(s) of `war the good or bad luck one meets with in war 个人在战争中遇到的好运或恶运: made homeless by the fortunes of war 因战乱而无家可归. a hostage to fortune => hostage. seek one's fortune => seek. a small fortune => small. a soldier of fortune => soldier. fortune cookie ( US) thin biscuit, folded to hold a printed message (eg a proverb, prophecy or joke), served in Chinese restaurants 签语饼（中国餐馆飨客的小脆饼, 包著印有谚语、预言或笑话的小 纸条）. fortune-hunter n. (derog 贬) person who wants to marry sb for money 为追求钱财而与某人结婚 的人. fortune-teller n. person who tells people's fortunes 算命者; 看相者. forty / 5fR:tI; `fRrtI/ pron, det, n 40; one more than thirty-nine 40, 四十（个）. =>App 4 见附录4. fortieth / 5fR:tIEW; `fRrtIIW/ pron, det 40th; next after thirty-ninth 第40, 第四十（个）. n one of forty equal parts of sth 四十分之一. forty n. 1 [C] the number 40 *40; 四十. 2 the forties [pl] numbers, years or temperature from 40 to 49 从40 到49 的数目、年数或温度. 3 (idm 习语) in one's forties between the ages of 40 and 50 在40 岁到50 岁之间. forty-five (also 45) n. small record that is designed to be played on a record-player at 45 revolutions a minute （每分钟45 转的）小唱片. For the uses of forty and fortieth see the examples at fifty, five and fifth. 关于forty 和fortieth 的用法见fifty、 five 和fifth 词条中的示例. forum / 5fR:rEm; `fRrEm/ n 1 (usu sing 通常作单数) place where important public issues can be discussed （讨论公共问题的）场所, 论坛: The letters page serves as a useful forum for the exchange of readers' views. 读者来信版是读者们交换意见的有益园地. 2 (in ancient Rome) public place where meetings were held （古罗马）集会的公共场所. forward / 5fR:wEd; `fRrwLd/ adj 1 [attrib 作定语] (a) directed or moving towards the front 向前方 的; 向前进的: forward movement 向前运动. (b) situated in front; near or at the front 位于前面的; 接近或在前面的: forward ranks of troops 军队队列的前几排* The forward part of the train is for first-class passengers only. 火车的前部只是头等车厢. 2 (of plants, crops, etc) having progressed more than is normal or expected; (of children) having developed certain abilities earlier than normal; well advanced （指花草、农作物等）早熟的; （指儿童）发育早的; 早熟的: The summer crops were forward this year. 今年夏季农作物成熟得早. * a forward child 早熟的孩子. 3 [attrib 作定 语] of or relating to the future 未来的; 与未来有关的: forward planning 对未来的计画 * (commerce 商) forward buying, ie buying goods at present prices for delivery later 预购. =>Usage at forward2 用法见forward2. 4 (a) ready and willing to be involved; eager 热心参与的; 急切的: be forward in helping others 热心助人的. (b) too eager; too bold in one's manner; presumptuous 过于 急切的; （行为）过于大胆的; 冒昧的; 孟浪的; 莽撞的: a forward young girl 冒失的女孩子 * I hope you'll apologize that was a very forward thing to do. 我希望你能道歉--那事你做得太莽撞了. Cf 参看 backward. forwardness n. [U] state of being forward1(4b) 过于急切的行为; 胆大妄为; 冒昧; 莽撞: Such forwardness is deplorable. 像这样的胆大妄为应该受到指责. forward / 5fR:wEd; `fRrwLd/ adv 1 (also forwards) towards the front or end, into a prominent position 向前或向末端（到达一突出位置）: Move forward carefully or you'll slip. 小心地往前走, 不然会滑倒. * play a tape-recording forwards, not backwards 将录音带向前转, 别向后倒 * push one's way forward 挤著往前走. Cf 参看back3 1. 2 onward so as to make progress 向前; 前进: an important step forward 向前迈进的重要一步* We are not getting any further forward with the project. 我们目前在该计画上没有什麽进展. * The project will go forward as planned. 该工程将按 计画进行. 3 towards the future; onwards in time 向著将来; 向著未来: from this time forward 从 此以后* Look forward and consider the advantages of a larger house. 从长远著想, 考虑一下大房 子的好处. 4 (idm 习语) backward(s) and forward(s) => backwards (backward). put one's best foot forward => best1. put the clock/clocks forward/back => clock1. forward-looking adj. (approv 褒) concerned with the future; having modern ideas; progressive 有前 途的;有现代思想的; 进步的: a young forward-looking company 新兴的有发展前途的公司. forward NOTE ON USAGE 用法: The suffix -ward means `in the direction of' and forms adverbs and adjectives*-ward 这一后缀意为｀向著某方向＇, 用以构成副词和形容词: forward, backward, westward, homeward, etc 向前、向后、向西、向家里等. The suffix -wards has the same meaning but only forms adverbs *-wards 与-ward 意思相同但只能构成副词: forwards, backwards, westwards, homewards, etc 向前、向后、向西、向家里等. Compare 试比较: They turned westward/westwards after crossing the river. 他们过河以后向西拐了. They travelled in a westward direction. 他们往西走了. * He leant forward/forwards to see better. 他把身子向前探, 以便看得 更清楚. To move house requires forward planning. 要搬家得先做好计画. forward / 5fR:wEd; `fRrwLd/ v 1 (a) [I, Tn, Dn.n, Dn.pr] ~ sth (to sb) send (a letter, etc) to a new address 将（信件等）投递到新地址; 转递: please forward, ie a note written on an envelope, a parcel, etc 请转递（写在信封、包裹上的字样）* Please forward our post (to our new home) when we move. 我们搬家后, 请将邮件转递（到我们的新住处）. (b) [Tn, Dn.n, Dn.pr] ~ sth (to sb) send or dispatch (esp goods or information) to a customer （向客户）发送或递送（尤指货物或信息）: forward a shipment of gloves 发送一批手套* We have today forwarded you our new catalogue. 我们今天 已将新目录发送给你们了. 2 [Tn] help to advance or develop (sth); further 帮助促进或发展（某事 物）; 增进; 提高: forward sb's plans, career, interests, etc. 促使完成某人的计画、发展某人的事 业、提高某人的利益. forwarding address new address to which post is to be forwarded （邮件转递的）新地址: He moved house without leaving a forwarding address. 他搬家了, 没留下新地址. forwarding agent person or company that forwards (forward 1a) goods 转运行; 转运商. forward / 5fR:wEd; `fRrwLd/ n attacking player near the front in football, hockey, etc （足球、曲棍 球等的）前锋. Cf 参看 striker 2. forwent pt of forgo. fossil / 5fCsl; `fBsl/ n 1 remains of a prehistoric animal or plant preserved by being buried in earth and now hardened like rock 化石: This fossil may be over 2 million years old. 这化石可能超过二百 万年了. * [attrib 作定语] fossil bones, shells, etc 变成化石的骨、贝壳等. 2 (infml derog 口, 贬) person, esp an old one, who is unable to accept new ideas or adapt to new conditions 不能接受新思 想或不能适应新情况的人（尤指老年人）; 老顽固; 老古董: Our literature teacher is an old fossil. 我们的文学老师是个老顽固. fossilize, fossilise / 5fCsElaIz; `fBsl9aIz/ v [I, Tn usu passive 通常用于被动语态] 1 (cause sth to) become a fossil （使某物）成为化石: fossilized leaves 成为化石的叶子. 2 (fig 比喻) make (sth) or become out of date or fixed 使（某事物）（变得）过时或固定不变: old-fashioned fossilized attitudes 落后的、固定不变的看法. fossilization, fossilisation / 9fCsElaI5zeIFn; ?@ -lI5z-;9fBslE`zeFEn/ n [U]. fossil fuel fuel, eg coal or oil, formed from the decayed remains of prehistoric animals or plants 矿物燃料, 化 石燃料（如煤或石油）. foster / 5fCstE(r); ?@ 5fR:-; `fRstL/ v 1 [Tn] help the growth or development of (sth); encourage or promote 培养, 培育（某物）; 鼓励; 促进: foster an interest, attitude, impression, etc 培养兴趣、滋 长某种情绪、加深印象* foster the growth of local industries 扶植地方工业. 2 [I, Tn] take care of and bring up (a child that is not legally one's own) 照顾, 抚养（法律上不属于自己的孩子）; 领 养; 收养: People who cannot have a baby of their own sometimes foster (a child). 不能生育的人有 时领养别人的（孩子）. Cf 参看 adopt 1. foster-( forming compound ns 用以构成复合名词) with a family connection through fostering rather than of birth 通过收养而产生家庭关系的: a `foster-parent, -mother, -child, -son, -sister, etc * a `foster-home. fought pt, pp of fight. foul / faUl; faJl/ adj 1 having a bad smell or taste; dirty and disgusting 难闻的; 有恶味的; 污秽的; 令人厌恶的: foul stagnant ponds 臭烘烘的死水塘* a foul rubbish dump 又脏又臭的垃圾堆 * This medicine tastes foul! 这药味让人恶心! 2 (a) unpleasant; dreadful 不愉快的; 可怕的: `Go away! I've had a foul day at work.' ｀走开! 我干了一天活儿够受的了.＇ * His boss has a foul temper. 他的老板的脾气很坏. (b) evil or wicked 邪恶的; 罪恶的: a foul crime 邪恶的罪行. 3 (of language) obscene and offensive; full of swear-words （指语言）猥亵的, 无礼的; 充满脏话的. 4 (of weather) very rainy and windy; stormy or rough （指天气）风雨大作的, 暴风雨的, 恶劣的: The spring was foul this year it was cold and wet for weeks. 今春天气恶劣--一连几个星期又冷又 潮湿. 5 (sport 体) (of an action) against the rules; unfair （指动作）犯规的, 不正当的: a foul stroke 犯规的一击. 6 (of a chimney, pipe, etc) blocked with waste, etc so that nothing can pass through （指烟囱、管道等）不通畅的, 阻塞的. 7 (idm 习语) by fair means or foul => fair1.fall foul of sb/sth have a confrontation or disagreement with sb/sth, esp the government or the authorities 与某人[某事物]冲突或不一致（尤指与政府或当局）: The police never caught him in any criminal activity but he eventually fell foul of the tax authorities. 警方从未当场见到他有犯罪活动, 但他最 终却与税务局惹上了官非. foul n. (sport 体) action that is against the rules of a game （比赛中的）犯规行为: That last foul (against/on Smith) lost us the match. 最后那次（对史密斯）犯规使我们输了那场比赛. foully / 5faUllI; `faJllI/ adv. foulness n. [U]. foul-mouthed adj. using obscene and offensive language 用猥亵、无礼语言的: a ,foul-mouthed `child 说脏话的孩子. foul play 1 action that is against the rules of a sport; unfair or illegal dealings （运动中的）犯规行为; 不正当 的或违法的交易: fresh evidence of foul play in financial dealings 在财务方面违法的新证据. 2 criminal violence that leads to murder （导致谋杀的）犯罪暴力行为: The police suspect foul play rather than suicide. 警方怀疑是谋杀不是自杀. foul / faUl; faJl/ v 1 [Tn, Tn.p] ~ sth (up) make sth dirty 弄脏某物: Dogs are not permitted to foul (ie excrete on) the pavement. 禁止狗在人行道上便溺. * The factories are responsible for fouling up the air for miles around. 这些工厂造成了很大范围的空气污染. 2 [I, Ip, Tn, Tn.p] ~ (sth) (up) (cause sth to) become caught or twisted (in sth) （使某物）缠结; （与某物）缠住: The ropes have fouled (up). 绳子缠住了. * My fishing-line got fouled (up) in an old net. 我的钓丝跟旧鱼网缠在一 起了. 3 [I, Tn] (sport 体) commit a foul against (another player) （对运动员）犯规: He fouled the same player again in the second half. 他在下半场对同一运动员再次犯规. 4 (idm 习语) foul one's (own) nest bring disgrace, etc to one's home, family, profession, country, etc （给自己的家庭、家人、 职业、国家等）带来耻辱等. 5 (phr v) foul sth up (infml 口) spoil sth, usu by behaving in a thoughtless or foolish way; mess sth up 弄乱某事物（通常因粗心或愚蠢的行为所致）; 搞糟: Everything was just fine until Fred came along and fouled things up. 本来一切都井井有条, 弗雷德 一来就给搞得乱七八糟. * The weather has really fouled up my holiday plans. 我的假日安排因天 气关系已全部打乱了. foul-up n. (infml 口) spoiling or upsetting of arrangements, relationships, etc （安排、关系等的） 混乱, 差错: We'll finish the project on time if there are no more foul-ups. 只要不再出差错, 我们就 能按时完成计画. found pt, pp of find. found / faUnd; faJnd/ v 1 [Tn] (begin to) build (sth); establish （开始）建设（某物）; 建立; 创建; 创立: This settlement was founded in 1592. 该居民点建立于1592 年. * The ancient Romans founded colonies throughout Europe. 古罗马人在整个欧洲建立了殖民地. 2 [Tn] start or establish (an organization, institution, etc), esp by providing money 创办, 创建（组织、机构等）（尤指提供 资金）: found a research institute, company, hospital, etc 创办研究机构、公司、医院等. 3 [Tn.pr usu passive 通常用于被动语态] ~ sth on sth base or construct sth on sth 将某事物建立在另一事物 的基础上: a novel founded on fact 根据事实写成的小说 * a morality founded on religious principles 基于宗教原则的道德. founding father 1 person who establishes an institution, a popular movement, etc 创办机构、发起民众运动等的人; 创始人: the founding fathers of modern linguistics 现代语言学的创始人. 2 Founding Father member of the body that in 1787 drew up the Constitution of the USA （1787 年起草美国宪法的） 制宪会议成员. found / faUnd; faJnd/ v 1 melt (metal) and pour it into a mould 熔化（金属）后注入模具; 熔铸. 2 make (an object) from metal in this way （用金属）铸造（物件）. foundation / faUn5deIFn; faJn`deFEn/ n 1 [U] act of founding (an institution, organization, etc) （机 构、组织等的）建立, 创立, 创办: the foundation of the university 大学的创办. 2 [C] (a) (organization set up to provide) sums of money for research, charity, etc （为研究、慈善事业等提 供的）基金, 基金会: the Ford Foundation 福特基金* You may be able to get support from an arts foundation. 你可以从文艺基金会得到资助. (b) institution, eg a college or hospital, that is established by means of such a fund （用基金建立的）机构（如学院或医院）. 3 [C usu pl 通常 作复数] layer of bricks, concrete, etc forming the solid base of a building underground 地基; 房基; 基础: lay the foundations of a building 给建筑物奠基* The huge lorries shook the foundations of the house. 大卡车驶过时, 连房基都震动了. 4 [C, U] principle, idea or fact on which sth is based; basis （作为某事的）基本原则、思想或事实; 基础: lay the foundations of one's career 奠定个人 事业的基础* The political scandal shook the nation to its very foundations. 这一政治丑闻从根本 上动摇了该国家. * The conclusions must have some solid foundation in reality. 这些结论一定有些 牢固的现实基础. * That rumour has no foundation/is without foundation in fact. 那谣言没有事实根 据. 5 [U] (also foundation cream) cream put on the face before other make-up is applied 粉底霜（化 妆品）. foundation course course taken at a college, etc that usu covers a wide range of subjects and prepares students for more advanced studies 基础课. foundation-stone n. large block of stone laid at a special ceremony to mark the founding of a public building 奠基石（在奠基典礼上放置的大石块, 标志公共建筑物开工）. founder / 5faUndE(r); `faJndL/ n person who founds or establishes sth 建立或创立某事物的人; 建 立者; 缔造者: founder of a city, institution, company, etc 城市、机构、公司等的创建人. founder-member n. one of the first and founding members of a society, an organization, etc （团体、 组织等的）最初建立者; 发起人; 创始人. founder / 5faUndE(r); `faJndL/ v 1 [I] (of a plan, etc) fail; break down （指计画等）失败, 垮掉: The project foundered as a result of lack of finance. 该项目因缺乏资金而告吹. 2 [I] (of a ship) fill with water and sink （指船）沉没: The boat foundered on rocks near the harbour. 船在港口附近触礁沉 没. 3 [I] (esp of a horse) fall or stumble （尤指马）摔倒, 绊: The mare foundered under the heavy load and collapsed in the road. 那母马因负载过重而倒在路上. foundling / 5faUndlIN; `faJndlIN/ n (arch 古) abandoned child of unknown parents who is found by sb 弃儿. foundry / 5faUndrI; `faJndrI/ n place where metal or glass is melted and moulded into articles of particular shapes 铸造厂; 玻璃厂. fount / faUnt; faJnt/ n ~ (of sth) (rhet or arch 修辞或古) source or origin (of sth); fountain （某事物 的）来源或根源; 泉: the fount of all wisdom 一切智慧的源泉. fount / faUnt; faJnt/ (also font/ fCnt; fBnt/) n set of printing type of one style and size 一套（字体和字 号相同的印刷用）活字. fountain / 5faUntIn; ?@ -tn; `fBJntn/ n 1 jet of water, esp one forced up into the air artificially as an ornament 喷水; （尤指人造的作装饰用的）喷泉: The fountains of Rome are famed for their architectural beauty. 罗马的喷泉以其建筑之美而著称. * A fountain of water gushed from the broken fire hydrant. 从损坏的消防栓里喷出水来. 2 = drinking fountain (drink2). 3 ~ (of sth) (rhet or arch 修辞或古) source or origin (of sth); fount （某事物的）来源或根源; 源泉: the fountain of justice 正义的源泉. fountain-head n. origin or source 根源; 来源: the fountain-head of power 力量的根源. fountain-pen n. pen with a container from which ink flows continuously to the nib 自来水笔. four / fR:(r); fRr/ pron, det 1 4; one more than three 4, 四（个）. =>App 4 见附录4. 2 (idm 习 语) on all `fours (of a person) with one's hands and knees (and usu also toes) on the ground （指人） 双手和双膝（通常还用脚趾）著地, 趴著: The baby was crawling about on all fours. 婴儿那时正在 满处爬. =>illus at kneel 见kneel 插图. (be) on all fours (with sb/sth) (be) the same in importance, function, etc (as sb/sth else) （重要性, 作用等）（与某人[某事物]）相同, 一致. four n. 1 the number 4 *4; 四. 2 group of four people or things 四个人或物的一组. 3 (crew of a) rowing-boat for four people 四人划行的船（员）. 4 (in cricket) shot, scoring four runs, in which the ball crosses the boundary after having hit the ground （板球）得四分的一击. four- ( in compounds 用以构成复合词) having four of the thing specified 有四个...的: a four-sided figure. fourth / fR:W; fRrW/ pron, det 4th; next after third 第4, 第四（个）. =>App 4 见附录4. fourthly adv in the fourth position or place 在第四位. the fourth di`mension the dimension of time 第四维（时间）. the ,Fourth of Ju`ly anniversary of the Declaration of Independence (1776) of the United States from Britain 美国独立纪念日（1776 年7 月4 日）. n one of four equal parts of sth 四分之一. fourfold / 5fR:fEUld; `fRr`fold/ adj, adv 1 four times as much or as many 四倍（的）: The population in this area has increased fourfold. 该地区的人口已增加到四倍. 2 having four parts 有四部分 （的）. four-in-hand n. coach or carriage pulled by four horses and driven by one person 驷马车（一人驾御 四匹马拉的马车）. four-letter word any of various short words, usu referring to sexual or other bodily functions, that are considered obscene or offensive 粗俗、下流的词; 脏话. four-ply adj. (of wool, wood, etc) having four strands or thicknesses （指毛线、木材等）四股的, 四 层的. four-poster n. (also ,four-poster `bed) (esp formerly) large bed with a tall post at each of the four corners to support curtains （尤指旧时）四柱大床（四角各有一柱以支撑幔帐的）. foursome / 5fR:sEm; `fRrsEm/ n 1 four people joining together to play a game, esp golf 四人参加 的游戏（尤指高尔夫球）. 2 two couples undertaking a leisure activity together 两对男女一同参加 的娱乐活动: Let's make (up) a foursome and go out to a restaurant. 咱们四个人（两对男女）一起下 饭馆吧. four-square adj. (a) square-shaped 方形的; 方的. (b) solidly based; steady or resolute 不动摇的; 坚定的; 坚决的; 果断的: a ,four-square ap`proach to the problem 对该问题的强硬态度. four-wheel drive ( of a vehicle in which) power is applied to all four wheels （指车辆）四轮驱动的. For the uses of four and fourth see the examples at five and fifth. 关于four 和fourth 的用法见five 和fifth 词条中的示例. fourteen / 9fR:5ti:n; fRr`tin/ pron, det 14; one more than thirteen 14, 十四（个）. =>App 4 见附录 4. fourteen n. the number 14 *14; 十四. fourteenth / 9fR:5ti:nW; fRr`tinW/ pron, det 14th; next after thirteenth 第14, 第十四（个）. n one of fourteen equal parts of sth 十四分之一. For the uses of fourteen and fourteenth see the examples at five and fifth. 关于fourteen 和fourteenth 的用法见five 和fifth 词条中的示例. fowl / faUl; faJl/ n 1 [C] (pl unchanged or ~s 复数或不变或作fowls) domestic cock or hen 鸡: We keep a few fowls and some goats. 我们养了几只鸡和一些山羊. 2 [U] flesh of certain types of birds, eaten for food 禽肉; 鸡肉: We had fish for the first course, followed by roast fowl and fresh vegetables. 我们吃的第一道菜是鱼, 接著上的菜是烤禽肉和新鲜蔬菜. 3 [C] (arch 古) any bird 任何鸟类: the fowls of the air 飞禽. 4 (in compounds 用以构成复合词) bird of the type specified 某种禽鸟: `waterfowl * barnyard fowl * `wildfowl. fowl v. [I] (usu 通常作go `fowling) hunt or snare wildfowl 猎捕野禽. fowl pest type of infectious disease among chickens, etc 家禽的瘟疫. fox / fCks; fBks/ n 1 (a) [C] (fem 阴性作vixen / 5vIksn;`vIksn/) wild animal of the dog family, with reddish brown fur, a pointed face and a bushy tail 狐; 狐狸: Hunting foxes is a peculiarly English sport. 猎狐是英国特有的运动. * The fox is known for its cleverness and cunning. 狐狸的 机敏和狡猾是人所共知的. =>illus at App 1 见附录1 插图, page iii. (b) [U] its skin and fur used to make coats, etc 狐皮. 2 [C] (infml esp derog 口, 尤作贬义) person who is clever and able to get what he wants by deceiving or manipulating others 狡猾的人; 老狐狸: a crafty/sly old fox 狡猾的 老狐狸. fox v. 1 [Tn] (a) be too difficult for (sb) to understand; baffle or confuse 使（某人）难以理解; 使 困惑; 使迷惑: He was completely foxed by her behaviour. 他对她的所作所为大感迷惑. (b) trick (sb) by cunning; deceive （用诡计）骗（某人）; 欺骗. 2 [Tn usu passive 通常用于被动语态] discolour (the pages of a book) with brown marks （生褐斑）使（书页）褪色: This volume is foxed on the flyleaf. 这卷书的空白页发黄了. foxy / 5fCksI; `fBksI/ adj (-ier, -iest) 1 crafty or deceitful; cunning 狡猾的; 骗人的; 狡诈的. 2 like a fox in appearance, ie reddish brown in colour or having a fox-like face 貌似狐狸的（即赤褐色 的或面貌像狐狸的）. 3 ( sl approv 俚, 褒esp US) (of a woman) physically attractive; sexy （指 女人）长得漂亮的, 性感的: a foxy lady 性感的女人. foxhole n. hole in the ground dug by soldiers as a shelter against enemy fire and as a firing-point 散 兵坑. foxhound n. type of dog trained to hunt foxes 猎狐狗. fox-hunting n. [U] sport in which a fox is hunted by foxhounds and people on horses 猎狐（骑著马 用猎狐狗猎狐的运动）. fox-terrier n. type of short-haired dog, formerly used to drive foxes out of their holes 猎狐狗（旧时 用以将狐狸从洞中赶出的）. foxglove / 5fCksglQv; `fBks9-lQv/ n tall plant with purple or white bell-shaped flowers growing up its stem 洋地黄; 毛地黄. =>illus at App 1 见附录1 插图, page ii. foxtrot / 5fCkstrCt; `fBks9trBt/ n (music for a) formal dance with both slow and quick steps 狐步舞; 狐步舞曲. foxtrot v. (-tt-) [I] dance the foxtrot 跳狐步舞. foyer / 5fRIeI; ?@ 5fRIEr; `fRIL/ n entrance hall or large open space in a theatre, hotel, etc where people can meet or wait （剧场、旅馆等的）门厅, 休息厅: I'll meet you in the foyer at 7 o'clock. 我 七点钟和你在门厅见面. FPA / 9ef pi: 5eI; 9Zf pi `e/ abbr 缩写= (Brit) Family Planning Association 计画生育协会. Fr abbr. 缩写 = 1 (religion 宗) Father: Fr (Paul) Black （保罗·）布莱克神父. 2 French. fr abbr. 缩写 = franc(s): fr18.50 18.50 法郎. fracas / 5frAkB:; ?@ 5freIkEs; `frekEs/ n (pl unchanged 复数不变/ -kB:z; -kBz/; US ~es / -kEsEz; -kEsIz/) (usu sing 通常作单数) noisy quarrel, fight, or disturbance 大声争吵; 打闹; 骚乱: The police were called in to break up (ie stop) the fracas. 警察奉命去制止骚乱. fraction / 5frAkFn; `frAkFEn/ n 1 small part, bit, amount, or proportion (of sth) （某物的）小部分, 一点儿, 少许, 片断: The car stopped within a fraction of an inch of the wall. 汽车在离墙不到一英 寸的地方停住了. * Could you move a fraction closer? 你能不能稍微再挪近点儿? 2 precise division of a number, eg , , 0.76 分数, 小数（如、、 0.76）. fractional / -FEnl; -FEnl/ adj 1 of or in fractions 部分的; 少许的; 片断的; 分数的; 小数的: a fractional equation 分数方程式. 2 very small; trivial or unimportant 极小的; 轻微的; 无足轻重 的: a fractional difference in prices 微小的差价. fractionally / -FEnElI;-FEnElI/ adv to a very small degree; marginally 达极小程度地; 轻微地: One dancer was fractionally out of step. 有个跳舞人的舞步稍微有些不合拍. fractious / 5frAkFEs; `frAkFEs/ adj (esp of children) irritable; bad-tempered （尤指儿童）易怒的, 脾 气坏的. fractiously adv. fractiousness n. [U]. fracture / 5frAktFE(r); `frAktFL/ n (a) [C] instance of breaking (esp a bone) 折断; 断裂; 破裂; （尤 指）骨折: a fracture of the leg 腿部骨折* He had several injuries, including three fractures. 他多处 受伤, 其中三处是骨折. * a compound/simple fracture, ie one in which the skinis/is not pierced by the broken bone 有创[单纯]骨折* a slight fracture in a pipe 管道的裂缝. (b) [U] breaking or breakage, esp of a bone 折断; 断裂; 破裂; （尤指）骨折: the site of fracture 断裂的位置. fracture v. [I, Tn] (cause sth to) break or crack （使某物）折断, 破碎: Her leg fractured in two places. 她的腿有两处骨折. * suffer from a fractured pelvis 出现骨盆骨折. fragile / 5frAdVaIl; ?@ -dVl; `frAdVEl/ adj 1 easily damaged or broken; delicate 易受伤害的; 易 碎的; 易损的: fragile china/glass 易碎的瓷器[玻璃器皿] * a fragile plant 娇嫩的植物 * (fig 比喻) Human happiness is so fragile. 人生幸福易逝. * a fragile economy 疲软的经济. 2 (infml 口) not strong and healthy; weak, eg because one has drunk too much alcohol 不强健的, 弱的（如因酗酒所 致）: He's feeling a bit fragile after last night's party. 他参加了昨晚的聚会以后, 现在觉得有些虚弱. Cf 参看 frail. fragility / frE5dVIlEtI; frE`dVIlEtI/ n [U]. fragment / 5frAgmEnt; `frA-mEnt/ n 1 small part or piece broken off (sth) （某物的）碎片: find several fragments of a Roman vase 发现古罗马花瓶的几块残片. 2 separate or incomplete part (of sth) （某事物的）片断或不完整部分: I heard only a fragment of their conversation. 我只听到他们 谈话的只言片语. fragment / frAg5ment; `frA-`mZnt/ v [I, Tn] (cause sth to) break into small pieces or parts; split up （使某物）破碎或裂开; 分裂; 分离: These bullets fragment on impact. 这些子弹射中物体时爆炸 成碎片. * (fig 比喻) Ownership of the large estates is increasingly fragmented, ie divided among several people. 大片地皮的产权逐渐分成若干份. fragmentary / 5frAgmEntrI; ?@ -terI; `frA-mEn9tZrI/ adj made up of small incomplete or unconnected parts 由小的、不完整的或无联系的部分组成的: fragmentary evidence 支离破碎的 证据. fragmentation / 9frAgmen5teIFn; 9frA-mZn`teFEn/ n [U]. fragmentation bomb bomb designed to break up into many small pieces 杀伤炸弹（爆炸时成小碎片）. fragrance / 5freIgrEns; `fre-rEns/ n (a) [C usu sing 通常作单数] pleasant or sweet smell; scent or perfume 好闻的或芳香的气味; 香; 香料: Lavender has a delicate fragrance. 薰衣草有淡淡的香味. (b) [U] quality of having a pleasant or sweet smell 芳香. fragrant / 5freIgrEnt; `fre-rEnt/ adj having a pleasant or sweet smell 有香味的; 芳香的: fragrant herbs, flowers, etc 香的药草、花等. fragrantly adv. frail / freIl; frel/ adj 1 (of a person) physically weak or delicate （指人）体弱的, 虚弱的: a frail child 体弱的孩子* At 90, she's getting very old and frail. 她90 岁时渐渐非常衰老、虚弱. 2 easily broken; fragile 易破碎的; 易损的: Careful: that chair's rather frail! 小心点儿: 那把椅子不 结实! 3 morally weak 道德观念薄弱的: frail human nature 易堕落的人性. frailty / 5freIltI; `freltI/ n 1 [U] physical weakness （身体）虚弱. 2 [C, U] (instance of) weakness in character or morals; fault or imperfection （性格）软弱; （道德观念）薄弱; 错误; 缺点: She continued to love him despite his many frailties. 尽管他有很多缺点, 但她仍爱他. * human frailty 人类的弱点. frame / freIm; frem/ n 1 border of wood, metal, etc in which a picture, door, pane of glass, etc is enclosed or set （木材、金属等做的）框架: a picture frame 画框* a window frame 窗框. 2 rigid structure of a piece of furniture, building, vehicle, etc which makes its shape and forms a support for its parts （家具、建筑物、车辆等的）框架, 支架, 骨架: the frame of a cupboard, bed, rucksack 柜 厨的框架、床的框架、帆布包的支架* the frame of an aircraft, a car, etc 飞机、汽车等的框架. =>illus at App 1 见附录1 插图, page xiii, =>illus 见插图. 3 (usu pl 通常作复数) structure of plastic, metal, etc that holds the lenses of a pair of glasses in place 眼镜框: glasses with heavy black frames 黑色粗框眼镜. =>illus at glass 见glass 插图. 4 (usu sing 通常作单数) human or animal body; its form or structure （人或动物的）身体; 体形; 身体结构: Sobs shook her slender frame. 她 抽泣著, 苗条的身体都在颤动. 5 general order or system that forms the background to sth （构成 某事物背景的）规律或制度; 体制; 模式: the frame of contemporary society 现代社会的模式. 6 (a) any of the single photographs that make up a cinema film （影片的）一个镜头, 一个画面. (b) single picture in a comic strip （连环漫画中的）一幅画. 7 = cold frame (cold1). 8 (a) (in snooker, etc) triangular structure for positioning balls （落袋台球戏等）（摆放球的）三角框. (b) (in snooker, bowling, etc) single round of play （落袋台球戏、地滚球戏等）一轮, 一局, 一回. 9 (idm 习 语) a frame of `mind particular state of one's mind or feelings; mood 心境; 心情; 情绪; 思想状态: I'm not in the right frame of mind to start discussing money. 我现在没心思来商量钱的问题. a frame of `reference set of principles, standards or observations used as a basis for one's judgement, behaviour, etc （作为个人的判断、行为等的依据的）原则, 标准, 观点: sociological studies conducted within a Marxist frame of reference 以马克思主义观点指导的社会学研究. frame-house n. house with a wooden frame covered with boards 木板房. framework n. 1 structure giving shape and support 框架; 结构: a bridge with a steel framework 钢铁结构的桥梁. =>illus 见插图. 2 social order or system 社会的秩序或制度: civil unrest which shook the framework of the old system 动摇了旧制度的内乱. 3 set of principles or ideas used as a basis for one's judgement, decisions, etc （个人的判断、决定等所依据的）原则, 思想: All the cases can be considered within the framework of the existing rules. 一切情况都可依据现行的规章加以考 虑. frame / freIm; frem/ v 1 (a) [Tn] put or build aframe1(1) round (sth) （给某物）镶框; （给某物） 做框: frame a photograph, painting, etc 给照片、画等镶框. (b) [Tn esp passive 尤用于被动语态] serve or act as a frame1(1) for (sb/sth) 形成（某人[某事]）的框子: He stood framed in the doorway to the hall. 他站在门口, 堵住通向大厅的路. * A dense mass of black hair framed his face. 浓密的黑 发衬托著他的面庞. 2 [Tn] express (sth) in words; compose or formulate （用文字）表达（某事）; 创作; 拟定; 制定: frame a question, argument, response, etc 拟定问题、论点、回应等* frame a theory, plan, set of rules, etc 创立理论、拟定计画、制定一套规章. 3 [Tn esp passive 尤用于被 动语态] (infml 口) produce false evidence against (an innocent person) so that he appears guilty 诬 陷; 陷害: The accused man said he had been framed. 被告说他受人陷害了. frame-up n. (infml 口) situation in which false evidence is produced against an innocent person so that he appears guilty 诬陷; 诬告; 阴谋: Don't you see it was all a frame-up! 难道你还不明白- 那都是诬陷! franc / frANk; frANk/ n unit of currency in eg France, Belgium and Switzerland 法郎（如法国、比 利时和瑞士的货币单位）. lingua franca / 9lINgwE 5frANkE; `lIN-wE`frANkE/ languageused for communicating between the people of an area in which several languages are spoken 混合语, 交际语（在使用几种语言的地区的 人们进行交际的混合语言）: Swahili is the principal lingua franca in East Africa. 东非的主要交际 语是斯瓦希里语. franchise / 5frAntFaIz; `frAntFaIz/ n 1 [U] right to vote at public elections （公众选举的）投票权, 选举权: system of universal adult franchise 全体成年人都享有选举权的制度* Women were not given the franchise in Britain until the twentieth century. 英国妇女直到二十世纪才获得选举权. 2 [C] formal permission to sell a company's goods or services in a particular area （正式授予在某地区 销售某某公司的货物或经营某业务的）特权, 特许: buy a fast-food, printing, etc franchise 购买经 营快餐、印刷等的特权* grant, withdraw a franchise 授予、撤销特权. franchise v. [Tn] grant a franchise(2) to (sb) 授予（某人）特权. Franciscan / frAn5sIskEn; frAn`sIskEn/ n, adj (friar or nun) of the Christian religious order founded by St Francis of Assisi 圣方济各会的（修士或修女）. Franco- : comb form 构词成分French; of France 法国的: Franco-German history * Francophile, ie (person who is) friendly towards France. francophone / 5frANkEUfEUn; `frANkE9fon/ adj, n French-speaking (person) 说法语的（人）: the francophone countries of West Africa 非洲西部说法语的国家. frank / frANk; frANk/ adj (-er, -est) ~ (with sb) (about sth) showing thoughts and feelings openly; honest and direct in speech; plain and blunt 公开表达思想感情的; 言语真诚的; 坦率的; 坦白的; 直率的: a frank reply, discussion, exchange of views, etc 坦率的回答、讨论、交换意见等 * To be (perfectly) frank with you, I think your son has little chance of passing the exam. 说实在的, 我认为 你儿子这次考试及格的希望不大. frankly adv 1 in a frank manner 坦率地; 坦白地; 直率地; 真诚地: Tell me frankly what's wrong. 老老实 实告诉我出什麽事了. 2 speaking honestly; to be truthful 说实话; 诚实地: Frankly, I couldn't care less. 说真的, 我毫不在乎. * Quite frankly, I'm not surprised. 坦白地说, 我并不感到意外. =>Usage at hopeful 用法见hopeful. frankness n. [U]: She spoke about her fears with complete frankness. 她对自己的恐惧直言不讳. frank / frANk; frANk/ v [Tn] put a mark or a stamp on (a letter, etc) to show that postage has been paid or does not need to be paid 在（信件等）上做记号、加印记（以示邮资己付或免费邮寄）. franking-machine n. device that automatically franks letters, etc and counts up the total postal charges 自动邮资盖印机. frankfurter / 5frANkf\:tE(r); `frANkf[tL/ (US wiener) n type of small smoked sausage 小熏肠. frankincense / 5frANkInsens; `frANkIn9sZns/ n [U] type of sweet-smelling gum from a tree, burnt as incense 乳香（有香味的树脂, 可作燃香）. frantic / 5frAntIk; `frAntIk/ adj 1 in an extreme state of emotion, esp fear or anxiety 情感的极度状 态（尤指恐惧或焦急）; 发狂的; 发疯的: The child's parents were frantic when she did not return home on time. 那孩子没有按时回家, 她父母都要急疯了. * frantic with worry, anger, grief, etc 愁 得要命、气得要死、悲痛欲绝. 2hurried and excited but disorganized; frenzied; desperate 慌乱不 安的; 狂乱的; 疯狂的; 令人绝望的; 不顾一切的: a frantic dash, rush, search, etc 疯狂的撞击、 冲击、搜查等* frantic activity 不顾一切的行动. frantically /-klI; -klI/ adv: shouting frantically for help 狂呼求救. fraternal / frE5t\:nl; frE`t[nl/ adj (esp rhet 尤作修辞) of a brother or brothers; brotherly or friendly 兄 弟的; 兄弟般的; 友好的: fraternal love 手足之情* fraternal greetings from fellow trade-unionists 同行业工会会员的友好问候. fraternally / -nElI; -nlI/ adv. fraternize, fraternise / 5frAtEnaIz; `frAtL9naIz/ v [I, Ipr] ~ (with sb) become friendly with enemy soldiers, or with civilians of a former enemy country （与敌军士兵、原敌国百姓）建立友谊: Soldiers who fraternize with the enemy will be punished. 亲敌的士兵将受到惩罚. * Army personnel are often forbidden to fraternize with the civilian population. 军职人员常被禁止与平民百姓友好往 来. fraternization, fraternisation / 9frAtEnaI5zeIFn; ?@ -nI5z-;9frAtLnI`zeFEn/ n [U]. fraternity / frE5t\:nEtI; frE`t[nEtI/ n 1 [U] brotherly feeling; brotherhood 兄弟般的感情; 手足之情: There is a strong spirit of fraternity among these isolated people. 这些与世隔绝的人之间有强烈的 兄弟般的情谊. 2 [CGp] group of people sharing the same profession or common interests or beliefs 有相同的职业、共同的爱好或信仰的群体; 同人; 同好: the medical, banking, teaching, etc fraternity 医务界、银行界、教育界等同人* the racing fraternity 赛马界同好* the religious fraternity of St Benedict 本笃会的教友. 3 [C] (US) group of male students at a university who form a social club 组成社团的大学男生群体. Cf 参看 sorority. fratricide / 5frAtrIsaId; `frAtrE9saId/ n (a) [U] crime ofkilling one's brother or sister 杀害兄弟或姐妹 罪. (b) [C]person who has done this 杀害兄弟或姐妹的人. fratricidal / 9frAtrI5saIdl; `frAtrI`saIdEl/ adj. fraud / frR:d; frRd/ n 1 [C, U] (act of) deceiving sb illegally in order to make money or obtain goods 欺骗（行为）; 诈骗: found guilty of fraud 被裁定诈骗罪成立* Thousands of frauds are committed every year. 每年有数以千计的诈骗案. 2 [C] person who deceives others by pretending to have abilities, skills, etc that he does not really have; impostor 骗子; 冒名顶替者: This woman is a fraud she has no medical qualifications at all. 这女人是个骗子--她根本没有行医的资格. fraudulent / 5frR:djUlEnt; ?@ -dVU-; `frRdVElEnt/ adj 1 deceitful or dishonest 欺骗的; 诈骗的; 不诚实的; 不老实的: a fraudulent display of sympathy 假惺惺的同情. 2 obtained or done by fraud; involving fraud 骗得的; 骗来的; 涉及欺骗的: fraudulent applications for shares (ie type of investment) in the new company 以欺骗手段申请新公司的股票. fraudulence / 5frR:djUlEns; ?@ -dVU-; `frRdVElEns/ n [U]. fraudulently / 5frR:djUlEntlI; ?@-dVU-; `frRdVElEntlI/ adv. fraught / frR:t; frRt/ adj 1 [pred 作表语] ~ with sth filled with sth; charged with sth 充满某事物; 注入某事物: a situation fraught with danger 充满危险的情况* a silence fraught with meaning 意 义无穷的沉默. 2 worried or anxious; worrying 担心的; 烦恼的; 焦虑的; 令人忧虑的: There's no need to look so fraught! 用不著那麽愁眉苦脸的. * Next week will be particularly fraught as we've just lost our secretary. 我们的秘书刚刚辞职, 下星期特别令人担心. fray / freI; fre/ n the fray [sing] (rhet or joc 修辞或谑) fight, contest or argument; lively or challenging action 打斗; 争吵; 争辩; 刺激的或挑战的行为: ready/eager for the fray 急欲争斗 * enter/join the fray, ie take part in a fight, quarrel, etc 参与打架、争吵等. fray / freI; fre/ v [I, Tn] 1 (cause sth to) become worn, so that there are loose threads, fibres or wires （使某物）磨损（致使线、纤维或丝松弛）: This cloth frays easily. 这布太不经磨. * Constant rubbing will fray even the thickest rope. 再粗的绳子也经不住总磨. * frayed shirt cuffs 磨破的衬衫 袖口. 2 (cause sth to) become strained and irritated （使某事物）变得令人紧张、急躁: Nerves/Tempers began to fray in the heat. 天热的时候人就容易神经紧张[脾气急躁]. * Relations between us have become frayed through a series of misunderstandings. 我们之间产生了一连串的误 解, 因而关系紧张了. frazzle / 5frAzl; `frAzl/ n (idm 习语) beaten, burnt, worn, etc to a `frazzle completely beaten, burnt, exhausted, etc 被打得一败涂地; 被烧成灰烬; 精疲力竭. freak / fri:k; frik/ n 1 (infml derog 口, 贬) person considered abnormal because of his behaviour, appearance, ideas, etc （因行为、相貌、思想等而被看作）不正常的人: People think she's a freak just because she's religious. 就因为她信教, 人们就把她当成怪人. 2 (infml 口) person with a specified interest or obsession; fan 有特别兴趣或著迷的人; 迷: health/health-food freaks 对健康 [保健食品]著迷的人* a jazz freak 爵士乐迷* an acid freak, ie sb addicted to the drug LSD 有迷 幻药瘾的人. 3 very unusual event or action 极不寻常的事或行为: By some freak (of chance) I was overpaid this month. 真稀奇, 这个月多给我钱了. * [attrib 作定语] a freak accident, storm, etc 反常的事故、暴风雨等. 4 (also ,freak of `nature) person, animal or plant that is abnormal in form 畸形的人、动物或植物. freakish adj. unusual or abnormal; strange 不寻常的; 不正常的; 反常的; 奇怪的; 奇异的: freakish weather 反常的天气* freakish behaviour 奇怪的行为. freakishly adv. freakishness n. [U]. freaky adj. unusual; weird; freakish 不寻常的; 不自然的; 怪诞的; 不正常的; 奇怪的; 奇异的. freak / fri:k; frik/ v (infml 口) 1 [I, Ip] ~ (out) have an extreme reaction to sth 对某事物有极端强 烈的反应: My parents (really) freaked (out) when they saw my purple hair, ie were shocked and angry. 我父母看见我的紫红头发, 大惊失色. * When they told me I'd won a car, I absolutely freaked, ie was extremely happy. 听说我赢得一辆小汽车, 简直欣喜若狂. 2 (phr v) freak out (a) temporarily lose control of oneself; go crazy; act abnormally, usu under the influence of drugs 暂时对自己失去控 制, 发疯, 行为异常（通常为毒品所致）: This ordinary quiet guy just freaked out and shot ten people. 这个平时温和的家伙简直发疯了, 开枪打死了十个人. * John's party was really wild everyone freaked out (on drugs), ie hallucinated. 约翰搞的聚会真够疯狂的--大家都（因吸食毒品）神魂颠倒 了. (b) adopt an unconventional style of life 采取不平常的生活方式. freak sb out make sb feel extreme pleasure or unease 使某人感到极度的欣喜或不安: Listening to a good stereo system always freaks me out. 我一听到好的立体声音乐就乐不可支. freak-out n. wild and extreme experience, esp one produced by drugs 疯狂、兴奋的感受（尤指因 毒品所致）. freckle / 5frekl; `frZkl/ n (usu pl 通常作复数) one of the small light-brown spots on the human skin 雀斑; 斑点: Ann's face and back are covered with freckles. 安的脸上和背上长满了雀斑. Cf 参看 mole1. freckle v. [I, Tn] (cause skin to) become covered with freckles （使皮肤）生产斑或斑点: Do you freckle easily? 你容易长雀斑吗? * the boy's freckled arms 那男孩子长了雀斑的手臂. free / fri:; fri/ adj (freer / fri:E(r); `friL/, freest / fri:Ist;`friIst/) 1 (a) (of a person) not a slave or prisoner; allowed to move where one wants; having physical freedom （指人）（非奴隶或囚犯）自 由的, 有人身自由的, 行动自由的: After ten years in prison, he was a free man again. 他坐了十年 监狱, 又成了自由人. * The convicts were pardoned and set free. 那些囚犯获赦释放. * The driver had to be cut free from the wreckage of his car. 破开了汽车残骸才把司机解救出来. (b) (of an animal) not kept in a cage or tied up; able to move at will （指动物）不关在笼子里的, 不被栓住的, 可任意行动的: In nature, all animals are wild and free. 在自然界, 一切动物都是野生的, 自由自在 的. * The dog was chained, so how did it get free? 狗拴著链子, 是怎麽挣脱开的呢? * An escaped tiger is roaming free in the town. 有一只老虎跑出, 正在城里东逃西窜. 2 not fixed or held down; loose 不固定的; 不受牵制的; 松弛的: the free end of the rope 绳索松著的一端* Let the rope run free. 把绳子放开. * One of the wheels of the cart has worked (itself) free. 马车的一个轮子松了. clear; not blocked; unrestricted 通畅的; 无阻碍的; 不受限制的; 不受约束的: Is the way/passage free? 道路[通道]畅通吗? * A free flow of water came from the pipe. 水从管道里通畅地流了出来. * The streets have been swept free of leaves. 街上的落叶已打扫乾净. 4 (of a country, its citizens and institutions) not controlled by a foreign government or the state itself （指国家及其公民和机关） 不受外国政府或本国控制的, 自主的, 自由的: This is a free country I can say what I like. 这是 个自由的国家--我爱说什麽就可以说什麽. * We might have a free press, but that doesn't mean all reporting is true and accurate. 我们即使有新闻自由, 也并不意味著一切报道都真实可信、准确无 误. 5 ~ (to do sth) not controlled or restricted (by rules or conventions); permitted to do sth 不受（规 章或习俗）控制的, 许可做某事物的: free movement of workers within the European Community 在欧洲共同体内部工人的自由流动* free access to secret information 对机密资料的自由接触 * You are free to come and go as you please. 你来去自便. * She's a free spirit, ie a person not hampered by convention. 她是个无拘无束的人. 6 [pred 作表语] ~ from/of sth (a) not harmed by sth dangerous; not spoilt by sth unpleasant 不受某危险事物伤害; 不受某不愉快事物影响: free from harm, prejudice, pain 不受伤害、无偏见、无痛苦* free of weeds, contamination, pollution, etc 无杂草、传染、污染等. (b) not subject to certain rules, etc; unrestricted by sth 不受某规章等 约束的; 不受某事物阻碍的: a holiday free from all responsibilities 摆脱一切责任的假期. 7 (a) costing nothing 免费的: free tickets for the theatre 免费的戏票* Admission is free. 免费入场. * a free sample 免费样品. (b) [pred 作表语] ~ (of sth) not including, or not requiring, a specified payment, usu of tax or duty 免税: a payment of 30000 free of tax 30000 英镑的免税付款 * Delivery is free (of charge) if goods are paid for in advance. 如预付货款就可免费送货. 8 (a) (of a place) not occupied or being used; (of a time) not engaged or booked （指地方或时间）未占用的, 空著的, 闲 著的: Is that seat free? 那座位有人吗? * The bathroom's free now. 洗澡间现在空著. * Is there a time when the conference room is free? 会议室有空著的时候吗? * Friday afternoons are left free for revision. 留出星期五下午的时间做复习. (b) (of a person) without engagements or things to do; not busy （指人）有空的, 闲著的: I'm usually free in the afternoon. 我通常下午有空. * Are you free for lunch? 你有空儿去吃午饭吗? 9 [pred 作表语] ~ with sth giving sth easily and readily; generous with sth 大方; 慷慨: He is very free with his time, ie gives it willingly. 他毫不吝惜自己的时间. * He's a bit too free with his compliments. 他有点太爱恭维人. 10 (derog 贬) uncontrolled, often to the point of rudeness; too familiar 不约束的; 放肆的; 过于亲密的: I don't like him he is too free in his language and manner. 我不喜欢他--他的言行太放肆. 11 (of a translation) expressing the meaning of the original loosely, not exactly （指译文）不拘泥原文的, 不确切的. Cf 参看 literal 1a. 12 (chemistry 化) not combined with another element 未与其他元素化合的; 游离的: free hydrogen 游离氢. 13 (idm 习语) feel free => feel1. (get sth) for `free without payment being required; for nothing 不要钱的; 白给的: I got this ticket for free from sb who didn't want it. 我这张票没花钱, 是别人不要的. free and `easy informal; relaxed 不拘束的; 不拘礼的; 轻松的: The atmosphere in the office is quite free and easy. 办公室的气氛很轻松. free on `board/`rail (of goods) without charge for delivery to a ship/train （指货物）船[火车]上交货（价格）. get, have, etc a free `hand get, have, etc permission or an opportunity to do what one chooses and make one's own decisions, esp in a job 有自主权（尤指工作上）: My boss has given me a free hand in deciding which outside contractor to use. 老板已经给了我自主权, 让我决定用哪家承包商. give, allow, etc free `play/`rein to sb/sth give, etc complete freedom of movement or expression to sb/sth 给予...某人[某事物]行动或表达上 的充分自由: In this picture the artist certainly allowed his imagination free rein. 艺术家在这幅画里 任其想像力尽情奔驰. have one's hands free/tied => hand1. make sb free of sth allow sb full use or enjoyment of sth 允许某人充分利用或享受某物; 随意使用: He kindly made me free of his library for my research. 他热情地让我随意使用他的书房做研究工作. of one's own free will without being ordered or forced 非强迫的; 自愿的: I came here of my own free will. 我是自愿到这里来的. free adv 1 without cost or payment; freely 无偿地; 免费地: Children under five usually travel free on trains. 五岁以下的儿童乘火车通常免费. 2 (idm 习语) make free with sb/sth treat sb/sth casually and without proper respect; use sth as if it belongs to oneself 对待某人[某事物]随便而不尊重; 任意 使用他人之物: He made free with all his girl-friend's money. 他随便花女朋友的钱. freely / 5fri:lI; `frilI/ adv 1 without any obstruction; in an unrestricted or uncontrolled manner 自由 地; 毫无妨碍地; 不受阻挡地; 不受控制地; 无拘无束地: Water flowed freely from the pipe. 水从 管道里通畅地流了出来. * drugs that are freely available 可随时买到的药物. 2 in an open and honest manner 开诚布公地; 坦诚地; 坦率地: It may require courage to speak freely. 要有勇气才 能直言不讳. 3 willingly; readily 心甘情愿地; 自愿地: I freely admit that I made a mistake. 我欣 然承认我犯了个错误. 4 in a generous and willing manner 大方地; 慷慨地; 爽快地: Millions of people gave freely in response to the famine appeal. 千百万人响应救灾呼吁而慷慨解囊. free agent someone able to act as he pleases, because he is not responsible to anyone 可以按自己意愿行事的人: I wish I were a free agent, but my contract binds me for three more years. 我要是不受约束就好了, 可是我的合同还要约束我三年. free association ( psychology 心) method of analysis in which a person says the first word that comes to his mind in response to one spoken by the analyst 自由联想. Free Church Church that does not follow the teaching or practices of established Churches such as the Roman Catholic or Anglican Church 独立教会. free enterprise operation of business and trade without government control 自由企业. free fall 1 movement through air or space under the force of gravity alone 自由降落. 2 part of a parachute jump before the parachute opens 降落伞张开前的降落. Freefone n. [U] (Brit) system in which the person making a telephone call does not pay for the cost of the call 免费通话（打电话者不必付费的通话方式）: Ring the operator and ask for Freefone 8921. 接通接线生, 然后要免费通话8921 号. free-for-all n. noisy fight or argument in which anyone present may join 在场者都可参加的争吵或 辩论. free-hand adj, adv (done) by hand, without the use of an instrument, eg a ruler or compass 徒手（做）（的）（不 使用仪器）: a free-hand sketch 手画的略图* sketched free-hand 徒手画略图. free-handed adj. generous, esp in spending or giving money 慷慨的（尤指花钱或给钱）; 出手大 方的. freehold n, adj (law 律) (having) complete ownership of property for an unlimited period of time 财产的完全 保有（的）. Cf 参看 leasehold (lease). freeholder n. person who owns land freehold 地产的完全保有者. free house ( Brit) public house or inn not controlled by a brewery and therefore able to sell more than one brand of beer, etc （不受酿酒厂约束的）出售多种啤酒等的酒馆. Cf 参看 tied house (tie2). free kick ( in football) kick taken without interference, as a penalty against the opposing team （足 球）罚任意球. free lance / lB:ns; ?@ lAns; `lAns/ (also freelancer) n independent artist, writer, etc who earns his living by selling work to several employers （靠出卖作品为生的）自由艺术家、作家等: [attrib 作 定语] free-lance journalism 自由新闻工作. free-lance v. [I]: I've free-lanced for several years. 我做自由撰稿人已有几年了. free-living adj. living for the pleasures of (esp) food and drink 沉溺于（尤指）吃喝享受的. free-liver n. free-load v. [I] (infml 口esp US) take advantage of free food and lodging, etc without giving anything in return; sponge 占便宜; 揩油. free-loader n. person who free-loads; sponger 爱占便宜的人; 揩油的人. free love ( dated 旧) agreed sexual relations without marriage 自由性爱. freeman n. 1 / -mAn; -mAn/ person who is not a slave 自由人（非奴隶）. 2 / -mEn; -mEn/ person who has been given the freedom(5) of a city 荣誉市民: made a freeman of the City of London 被授予伦敦荣誉市民称号. free port port open to all traders, with no restrictions, taxes or import duties 自由港. Freepost n. [U] (Brit) system in which postage costs are paid by the receiver (usu a business company) 免费邮递（由收信人, 通常为厂商, 付邮资的方式）: Reply to Publicity Department, FREEPOST, Oxford University Press, Oxford. 回信免费邮寄至牛津牛津大学出版社宣传部. free-range adj. [attrib 作定语] produced by hens that are kept in natural conditions rather than in a battery(4) 放养的母鸡产的: ,free-range `eggs 放养的母鸡产的蛋. free speech right to express (in public) opinions of any kind 言论自由. free-standing adj. not supported by or fixed to anything 无支撑物的; 不固于某物上的: a free-standing sculpture 独立的雕塑. free-style n. [U] 1 (a) swimming race in which any stroke may be used 自由泳比赛（可采用任何 姿势）. (b) type of swimming stroke, usu the crawl(n 2) 自由泳（通常指爬泳）. 2 type of wrestling with few restrictions on the holds permitted （摔角）自由式. free-thinker n. person who forms ideas independently of generally accepted religious teachings 自 由思想者. free-thinking adj. free trade ( system in which) trade is carried on between countries without import restrictions, eg tax and duty 自由贸易; 自由贸易制度. free verse poetry without a regular rhythm or rhyme 自由诗（无固定韵律的诗）. free vote vote in parliament in which members do not have to follow party policy 自由投票（议员无须遵循党 派的方针而进行的议会内投票）. freeway n. (US) = motorway (motor). =>Usage at road 用法见road. free wheel ( rear) wheel on a bicycle that continues to revolve when the pedals are not in use （自行 车的）飞轮. ,free-`wheel v [I] 1 travel, usu downhill, by riding a bicycle without pedalling or driving a car without using engine power （自行车或汽车）滑行. 2 move or act freely or irresponsibly 自 由地、不须负责地活动或行动: I think I'll just free-wheel this summer and see what happens. 我打 算今年夏天尽情放任一下再说. free will 1 ability to decide one's own course of action 决定个人行动方针的能力; 自觉自愿: I did it of my own free will, ie acting voluntarily. 那是我自愿做的. 2 (belief in the) power to decide a course of action independently of God or fate 自由意志（不依靠上帝或命运而采取行动的决断力）; 自由意 志论. free-will adj. voluntary 自愿的: a free-will offering 自愿的提供. free / fri:; fri/ v (pt, pp freed / fri:d; frid/) 1 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (from sth) make (sb/sth) free; release or liberate 使（某人[某物]）自由; 释放; 解放: free the prisoner 释放囚犯* free an animal from a trap 把动物从陷阱中放出来. 2 [Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth of/from sth take away sth unpleasant, unwanted, etc from sb/sth; rid sb/ sth of sth 使令人不快的、不需要的一类事物离开某人[某事物]; 使某人[某事 物]摆脱某事物: Relaxation exercises can free your body of tension. 放松运动可以松缓身体的紧张. * Try to free yourself from all prejudices. 尽量消除一切偏见. 3 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth (from sth)loosen sb/sth from sth that is preventing movement; disentangle or extricate sb/sth 使某人[某事 物]摆脱妨碍活动的事物; 摆脱或脱离某人[某事物]: It took hours to free the victims (from the collapsed building). 用了很长时间才把遇难者（从倒塌的建筑物中）解救出来. * Can you free the propeller from the weeds? 你能把螺旋桨上的草除掉吗? 4 [Tn.pr, Cn.t] ~ sb/sth for sth make sb/sth available for (a purpose or an activity) 使某人[某物]可用于（某一目的或活动）: The government intends to free more resources for educational purposes. 政府想把更多的资源用于教育Oxford Dictionary Translation memory software company ForeignDesk, Okapi Framework, OmegaT, Transolution, AidTransStudio, Cafetran, Déjà Vu (DVX), Heartsome Translation Suite, MemoQ, MetaTexis, Rainbow, SDLX, SDL, STAR Transit, Trados, SDL Trados, Wordfast, WordFisher, Similis, Open Language Tools http://www.transgood.com