TransGood-Translation memory software Trados, SDL, ForeignDesk, Wordfast, WordFisher, Déjà Vu (DVX), 译佳计算机辅助翻译软件, 雅信CAT TransGood, TransMemory, Translation Software Tools, Computer-assisted translation, computer-aided translation, CAT, machine-aided translation, Translation memory software, Terminology management software, Alignment software, Software localization tools, ?bersetzung Software, Logiciels de traduction, Software di traduzione, Traducción de Software, Mémoire de traduction, Tradu??o memória, Memoria de traducción, Memoria di traduzione, Перевод Software, ForeignDesk, Okapi Framework, OmegaT, Transolution, AidTransStudio, Cafetran, Déjà Vu (DVX), Heartsome Translation Suite, MemoQ, MetaTexis, Rainbow, SDLX, SDL, STAR Transit, Trados, SDL Trados, Wordfast, WordFisher, Similis, Open Language Tools, 翻訳ソフトウェア, 翻訳メモリ, 翻译软件 辅助翻译软件 计算机辅助翻译软件 人工智能翻译 翻译工具 专业翻译软件 翻译记忆软件 塔多思 Trados SDL WordFast 雅信CAT 翻译公司 牛津词典 Oxford Dictionary 似的人或事物: Shakespeare is the greatest English writer will there ever be such another? 莎士比 亚是最伟大的英国文豪--还能有这样的人物吗? ans abbr. 缩写 = answer. answer / 5B:nsE(r); ?@ 5AnsEr; `AnsL/ n ~ (to sb/sth) 1 thing said, written or done as a response or reaction; reply 回答; 应答; 答覆: The answer he gave was quite surprising. 他的回答出人意外. * Have you had an answer to your letter? 你那封信有回音了没有? * I rang the bell but there was no answer. 我按了铃, 却没有人应门. 2 solution to a problem, difficulty, etc （难题, 困难等的）解 决办法, 答案: This could be the answer to all our problems. 这或许就是我们全部问题的解决办法. * Who knows the answer to this question? 谁知道这个问题的答案? * The answer to 3 17 is 51. 3 17 的答案是51. 3 (idm 习语) a dusty answer => dusty. have/know all the answers (often derog 常 作贬义) know a great deal about sth 对某事物所知甚详: He thinks he knows all the answers. 他自 以为什么都懂. in answer (to sth) as a reply 作为回应: The doctor came at once in answer to my phone call. 医生一接到我的电话立刻就来了. answer / 5B:nsE(r); ?@ 5AnsEr; `AnsL/ v 1 [I, Tn, Tf, Dn.n] say, write or do sth in response to (sb/sth) 回答; 答覆: Think carefully before you answer. 先仔细想一想再回答. * answer the question, the teacher, the invitation 回答问题, 老师, 邀请* answer the door, ie open the door after sb has knocked or rung the bell 应门（有人敲门或按门铃后去开门）* answer the telephone, ie pick up the receiver and speak to the person who is calling 接电话; 听电话* My prayers have been answered, ie I have got what I wanted. 我的祈祷已经应验了（我已得偿所愿）. * Nobody answered my call for help. 没有人理会我的呼救. * (fml 文) How do you answer the charge? 你怎样答辩? * She answered that she preferred to eat alone. 她回答说她愿意独自吃. * Can you answer me this? 你 能回答我这一点吗? Cf 参看reply. 2 [Tn] be suitable for (sth); satisfy 适合, 符合（某事物）; 满 意: answer sb's purpose/needs/requirements 符合某人的目的[需要/要求]. 3 (idm 习语) answer to the description (of sb/sth) correspond to or match the description (of sb/sth) 与描述的（人或事物） 相符合: The photograph answers to the description of the wanted man. 这张照片与通缉人相符. answer to the name of sth (infml or joc 口或谑) (esp of a pet animal) have the name of sth; be called sth（尤指宠爱的动物）名叫, 叫作: My dog answers to the name of Spot. 我的狗的名字叫小花. 4 (phr v) answer back defend oneself against sth written or said about one 为自己辩护; 辩白: It's wrong of the press to publish articles attacking the Queen when she can't answer back. 新闻界发表文 章抨击女王是不对的, 因为她不能辩白. answer (sb) back speak rudely or cheekily (to sb), esp when being criticized oneself 反驳; 回嘴; 顶嘴; 还口: He's a rude little boy, always answering his mother back. 他是个没礼貌的孩子, 总和母亲顶嘴. answer for sb/sth (a) be responsible for or blamed for sth 对某事物负责; 为某事物受责: He has a lot to answer for. 他要负责很多事情. * You will have to answer for your crimes one day. 你总有一天要因为你的罪行而得到报应的. (b) speak on behalf of sb or in support of sth 代表某人或支持某事物而讲话: I agree but I can't answer for my colleagues. 我同意, 但是我不能代表我的同事们. * Knowing her well I can certainly answer for her honesty, ie can guarantee that she is honest. 我很了解她, 当然能担保她诚实. answer to sb (for sth) be responsible to sb 向某人负责; 对某人承担责任: Who do you answer to in your new job? 你做 的新工作要向谁负责? * You will answer to me for any damage to the car. 这辆汽车有任何损坏, 你要对我承担责任. answer to sth be controlled by sth 由某事物控制: The plane answered smoothly to the controls. 这架飞机操纵自如. answerable / 5B:nsErEbl; `AnsLEbl/ adj 1 that can be answered 可回答的; 可答覆的. 2 [pred 作表语] ~ to sb (for sth) responsible to sb 向某人承担责任; 向某人负责; 对某人承担后果: I am answerable to the company for the use of this equipment. 我要向公司承担使用这一设备的责任. answerphone / 5B:nsEfEUn; ?@ 5Ans-; `AnsL9fon/ n device that automatically answers telephone calls and records any message left by the caller 电话录音机. ant / Ant; Ant/ n 1 any of several types of very small insect that live in highly organized groups and work very hard 蚂蚁. 2 (idm 习语) have ants in one's pants (infml 口) be very restless or excited about sth 坐立不安. ant-eater n. any of various types of animal that feed on ants 食蚁兽. anthill n. mound of earth, etc formed by ants over their nest 蚁冢; 蚁丘. -ant, -ent suff 后缀1 (with vs forming adjs 与动词结合构成形容词) that is or does (sth) 处于... 状态的; 进 行...动作的: significant * different. 2 (with vs forming ns 与动词结合构成名词) person or thing that ...的人或事物: inhabitant * deterrent. antacid / Ant5AsId; Ant`AsId/ n [C, U], adj (substance) that prevents or reduces acidity in the stomach 解酸的（药剂）; 抗酸的（药剂）: I need an/some antacid to cure my indigestion. 我需要一种[一 些]解酸药医治消化不良. antagonize, antagonise / An5tAgEnaIz; An`tA-E9naIz/ v [Tn] arouse hostility in (sb); annoy 引起（某 人）的对抗; 骚扰: It would be dangerous to antagonize him. 招惹他可危险. antagonism / An5tAgEnIzEm; An`tA-E9nIzEm/ n[C, U] ~ (against/for/to/towards sb/sth); ~ (between A and B) (instance of) active opposition or hostility, esp between two people 对立, 对抗, 敌对（尤指 两人之间）: The antagonism he felt towards his old enemy was still very strong. 他对旧冤家的敌对 情绪仍然很大. * You could sense the antagonism between them. 你能觉察出他们之间有对立情绪. antagonist / An5tAgEnIst; An`tA-E9nIst/ n person who actively opposes sb/sth; adversary 对抗者; 对手; 敌手. antagonistic / An9tAgE5nIstIk; An9tA-E`nIstIk/ adj ~ (to/towards sb/sth) showing or feeling antagonism; hostile 对抗的; 敌对的: He's always antagonistic towards new ideas. 他总是抗拒新思 想. antagonistically / -klI; -klI/ adv. Antarctic / An5tB:ktIk; Ant`BrktIk/ adj of the regions around the South Pole 南极的. =>illus at globe 见globe 之插图. the Antarctic n. [sing] the regions around the South Pole 南极洲. the Antarctic Circle the line of latitude 66 30S. 南极圈（南半球66 30 的纬线所形成的圈）. =>illus at globe 见globe 之插图. ante / 5AntI; `AntI/ n stake in poker2, etc that a player must make before receiving new cards （打扑 克等再要牌前所下的）赌注: raise/up the ante, ie increase one's stake 加大赌注. ante v. 1 [Tn] make (sth) as an ante 下（赌注）. 2 (phr v) ante up (esp US) make a stake or payment 下赌注; 付款. ante- pref. 前缀(with ns, adjs and vs 加于名词, 形容词, 动词前) (of time or position) before; in front of （指时间或位置）在...之前; 在...的前面: ante-room * antenatal * antedate. Cf 参看 post-, pre-. ante-room / 5AntIrUm, -ru:m; `AntI9rum/ (also antechamber) n room leading into a larger or more important room; waiting-room （通入大厅或正室的）前厅, 前室, 接待室. antecedent / 9AntI5si:dnt; 9AntE`sidnt/ n 1 [C] (fml 文) thing or circumstance that is or comes before another 前事; 前情. 2 [C] (grammar) word or phrase to which a following word, esp a relative pronoun, refers 先行词: `Which proves I'm right' is not clear unless we know the antecedent of `which'. `Which proves I'm right' 意思不清楚, 必须要知道which 这一先行词所指为何才行. 3 antecedents [pl] person's ancestors or past life 祖先; 身世; 经历. antecedence n. [U] (fml 文) priority 居先; 在先. antecedent adj. ~ (to sb/sth) (fml 文) previous 先前的. antechamber / 5AntItFeImbE(r); `AntI9tFembL/ n (fml 文) = ante-room. antedate / 9AntI5deIt; `AntI9det/ (also pre-date) v [Tn] 1 put an earlier date on (a document, letter, etc) than the one at the time of writing （在文件, 信件等上面）写上比实际书写日期早的日期: an antedated cheque 填有比实际日期早的支票. 2 be before (sth/sb) in time 先于, 早于（某事物[某 人]）: This event antedates the discovery of America by several centuries. 这件事比发现美洲早几个 世纪. Cf 参看 post-date. antediluvian / 9AntIdI5lu:vIEn; 9AntIdI`luvIEn/ adj 1 of the time before Noah's Flood 挪亚洪水以 前的. 2 (infml or joc 口或谑) completely out of date; old-fashioned 完全过时的; 旧式的: His ideas are positively antediluvian! 他的思想是纯粹的老古董! antelope / 5AntIlEUp; `Antl9op/ n (pl unchanged or ~s 复数或不变或作antelopes) any of various types of animal resembling a deer, with thin legs and able to run very fast, found esp in Africa 羚羊. antenatal / 9AntI5neItl; 9AntI`netl/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] (a) existing or occurring before birth; pre-natal 出生前的; 胎儿期的: Antenatal complications can affect a baby's health. 胎儿期并发症能 影响婴儿的健康. (b) for pregnant women 为孕妇的: antenatal clinics 产前检查所. Cf 参看 postnatal. antenatal n. medical examination of a pregnant woman 产前检查. antenna / An5tenE; An`tZnE/ n 1 (pl -nae / -ni:; -ni/) either of a pair of flexible sensitive organs on the heads of insects, crustaceans, etc; feeler 触角; 触须. =>illus at butterfly 见butterfly 之插图. (pl ~s) (US) = aerial1 （无线电或电视的）天线. antepenultimate / 9AntIpI5nQltImEt; 9AntIpI`nQltEmEt/ adj third from last 倒数第三的: The main stress in `photography' falls on the antepenultimate syllable. photography 一字的主重音在倒数第三 个音节上. anterior / An5tIErIE(r); An`tIrIL/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] (fml 文) coming before in position or time; nearer the front 前面的; 先前的; 较靠近前方的. Cf 参看 posterior. anthem / 5AnWEm; `AnWEm/ n short musical composition, usu for a choir and an organ, to be sung in religious services, often with words taken from the Bible 圣歌（通常为短小的合唱曲, 用管风琴 伴奏, 于宗教礼拜时演唱, 歌词多取自《圣经》词句）. Cf 参看 motet. anther / 5AnWE(r); `AnWL/ n (botany 植) part of the stamen of a flower that contains the pollen 花 药（花的雄蕊上带花粉的部分）. anthology / An5WClEdVI; An`WBlEdVI/ n collection of poems or pieces of prose on the same subject or by the same writer （同一主题或同一作者的）诗集, 文集, 选集: an anthology of love poetry 情 诗集. anthologist / An5WClEdVIst; An`WBlEdVIst/ n person who compiles an anthology 选集的编选者. anthracite / 5AnWrEsaIt; `AnWrE9saIt/ n [U] very hard form of coal that burns with little smoke or flame 无烟煤. anthrax / 5AnWrks; `AnWrAks/ n [U] infectious, often fatal, disease of sheep and cattle that can be transmitted to people 炭疽（牛羊的传染病, 常可致命, 也可传给人）. anthrop(o)- : comb form 构词成分of human beings 人; 人类: anthropomorphic * anthropology. anthropoid / 5AnWrEpRId; `AnWrE9pRId/ adj man-like in form （形体）似人的: anthropoid ancestors of modern man 现代人的类人祖先. anthropoid n. any of a group of apes that have no tails and resemble man, eg the chimpanzee or the gorilla 类人猿（如黑猩猩或大猩猩）. anthropology / 9AnWrE5pClEdVI; 9AnWrE`pBlEdVI/ n [U] study of mankind, esp of its origins, development, customs and beliefs 人类学（对人类的研究, 尤指研究其起源, 发展, 风俗, 信仰）. Cf 参看 ethnology, sociology. anthropological / 9AnWrEpE5lCdVIkl; 9AnWrEpE`lBdVIkl/ adj. anthropologist / 9AnWrE5pClEdVIst; 9AnWrE`pBlEdVIst/ n student of or expert in anthropology 人类学者; 人类学家. anthropomorphic / 9AnWrEpE5mR:fIk; 9AnWrEpE`mRrfIk/ adj treating gods, animals, etc as human in form and personality 拟人化的（把神, 动物等看作具有人的形体及人格的）. anthropomorphism / 9nWrEpE5mR:fIzEm; 9AnWrEpE`mRrfIzEm/ n [U]. anti / 5AntI; `AntI/ prep in opposition to (sb/sth); against 反对（某人[某事物]）; 反: They're completely anti the new proposals. 他们完全反对新的提议. Cf 参看 pro1. anti- ( also ant-) pref 前缀(used widely with ns and adjs 可与很多名词和形容词结合) 1 opposed to; against 反对; 反: anti-aircraft * anti-personnel. Cf 参看 pro-. 2 opposite of ...的对立面: anti-hero * anticlimactic. 3 preventing 防止; 阻止; 抗: antiseptic * antifreeze * antacid. anti- NOTE ON USAGE 用法: Anti- and counter- both have the meaning of `opposed to'. *anti-和 counter-都有‘反...’之意. Anti- suggests an attitude of opposition *anti-指反对的态度: anti-war literature 反战文学 * the anti-nuclear campaign 反核子运动; while counter- refers to an action taken to prevent or respond to something *counter-指为防止某事物或针对某事物而采取的行动: counter-espionage activities 反间谍而进行的活动 * counter-revolution 反革命. anti-aircraft / 9AntI 5eEkrB:ft; ?@ -krft; 9AntI`Zr9krAft/ adj designed to destroy enemy aircraft 歼击 敌机的; 防空的: anti-aircraft guns, missiles, etc 高射炮, 对空导弹等. anti-depressant / 9AntIdI5presnt; 9AntIdI`prZsEnt/ n, adj (drug) that reduces depression (1) 抗抑郁的 （药物）: She's been taking/on anti-depressants since her baby died. 从她的婴儿死亡以后, 她就一 直服用抗抑郁药. anti-hero / 5AntI hIErEU; 9AntI`hIro/ n (pl ~es) central character in a story or drama who lacks the qualities usu associated with a hero, such as courage and dignity 反主角（小说或戏剧中缺乏主角通 常所具有的气质的主角, 如缺乏勇气与尊严）. anti-personnel / 9AntI 9p\:sE5nel; 9AntI9p[sE`nZl/ adj (of bombs, explosives, etc) designed to kill or injure people, not to destroy property, vehicles, etc （指炸弹, 炸药等）杀伤性的（旨在杀伤人而不 在摧毁物资, 车辆等）. anti-Semite / 9AntI 5si:maIt; ?@ 5sem-; 9AntI`sZmaIt/ n person who hates Jews 反对犹太人的人. anti-Semitic / 9AntI sI5mItIk; 9AntIsE`mItIk/ adj. anti-Semitism / 9AntI 5semItIzEm; 9AntI`sZmE9tIzEm/ n [U]. anti-tank / 9AntI5tNk; 9AntI`tANk/ adj [attrib 作定语] designed to destroy enemy tanks 反坦克的: anti-tank missiles 反坦克导弹. antiballistic missile / 9AntIbElIstIk 5mIsaIl; ?@ 5mIsl; 9AntIbE`lIstIk `mIsl/ rocket designed to destroy another in the air 反弹道导弹. antibiotic / 9AntIbaI5CtIk; 9AntIbaI`BtIk/ n, adj (substance, eg penicillin) that can destroy or prevent the growth of bacteria 抗菌素, 抗生素（如青霉素）; 抗菌的; 抗生的. antibody / 5AntIbCdI; `AntI9bBdI/ n substance formed in the blood in response to harmful bacteria, etc, which it then attacks and destroys 抗体（血液中形成的抵抗并杀死病菌的物质）: Our bodies produce antibodies to counteract disease. 我们的身体能产生抗体以抵抗疾病. antic / 5AntIk; `AntIk/ n (usu pl 通常作复数) absurd or exaggerated movement or behaviour intended to amuse people （为引起观众发笑而作出的）滑稽的或夸张的动作: laughing at the clown's silly antics 因小丑笨拙的动作而发笑. anticipate / An5tIsIpeIt; An`tIsE9pet/ v 1 [Tn, Tf, Tg, Tsg] expect (sth) 期望, 预料（某事物）: Do you anticipate (meeting) any trouble? 你预料会有麻烦吗? * We anticipate that demand is likely to increase. 我们预料需求可能增加. 2 [Tn, Tf, Tw] see (what is going to happen or what needs to be done) and act accordingly 预见到（要发生的事或需要做的事）而采取措施: She anticipates all her mother's needs. 她预见到母亲的一切需要而事先做好安排. * Anticipating that it would soon be dark, they all took torches. 他们预见到天快黑了, 就都带上了手电筒. * A good general can anticipate what the enemy will do. 善战的将领能预知敌军动向而作好战斗部署. 3 [Tn, Tsg] (fml 文) do (sth) before it can be done by sb else; forestall (sb/sth) 先（于别人而）做（某事）; 抢先于 （某人[某事物]）: When Scott reached the South Pole he found Amundsen had anticipated him. 当斯 科特抵达南极的时候, 发现阿蒙森比他到得更早. * Earlier explorers probably anticipated Columbus's discovery of America. 早期的探险家可能在哥伦布之前已发现美洲. * We anticipated their (making a) complaint by writing a full report. 我们没等他们（提出）投诉而抢先写好了一份 详尽的报告. 4 [Tn, Tsg] (fml 文) deal with or use (sth) before the right or natural time 预先处理 或提前使用（某事物）: anticipate one's income, ie spend money before receiving it 提前使用进款. anticipatory / An5tIsIpeItErI; An`tIsEpE9torI/ adj (fml 文): anticipatory precautions 预先的防范. anticlimax / 9AntI5klaImAks; 9AntI`klaImAks/ n disappointing end to a series of events which had seemed likely to become more interesting, exciting or impressive 令人扫兴的结局: The holiday itself was rather an anticlimax after all the excitement of planning it. 尽管计划度假时兴致勃勃, 而到头 来假日本身却颇为扫兴. anticlimactic / 9AntIklaI5mAktIk; 9AntIklaI`mAktIk/ adj (fml 文). anticlockwise / 9AntI5klCkwaIz; 9AntI`klBkwaIz/ (also esp US counter-clockwise) adv, adj in the direction opposite to the movements of the hands of a clock 逆时针方向（的）: Turn the key anti`clockwise/in an,anticlockwise di`rection. 逆时针方向转动钥匙. Cf 参看 clockwise (clock1). anticyclone / 9AntI5saIklEUn; 9AntI`saIklon/ n area in which atmospheric pressure is high, producing fine and settled weather, with an outward flow of air 反气旋; 高气压区. Cf 参看 depression. antidote / 5AntIdEUt; `AntI9dot/ n ~ (against/for/to sth) 1 substance that acts against the effects of a poison or disease 解毒药; 解毒剂: an antidote against snake-bites, malaria, food poisoning 蛇咬, 疟 疾, 食物中毒的解毒药. 2 (fig 比喻) anything that counteracts sth unpleasant 抵销不愉快事物的 任何事物: The holiday was a marvellous antidote to the pressures of office work. 那个假日是消除上 班工作压力的灵丹妙药. antifreeze / 5AntIfri:z; 9AntI`friz/ n [U] substance added to water to lower its freezing point, eg as used in the radiator of a motor vehicle 防冻剂, 抗凝剂（加于水中以降低其冰点, 如用于机动车辆 的散热器中者）. antigen / 5AntIdVEn; `AntEdVEn/ n [U] (medical 医) substance which, when it is put into the body, causes it to produce antibodies 抗原（进入机体后能诱发机体产生抗体的物质）. antihistamine / 9AntI5hIstEmi:n; 9AntI`hIstEmin/ n [C, U] (medical 医) any of a variety of drugs used to treat allergies 抗组胺剂, 抗组织胺药（用于医治变应性反应的多种药物）. antilogarithm / 9AntI5lCgErITEm; ?@ -5lR:g-; 9AntI`lR-E9rITEm/ (also antilog / 5ntIlCg; ?@ -lR:g; `AntIlR-/) n (mathematics 数) number to which a logarithm belongs 反对数; 逆对数: 1000, 100 and 10 are the antilogarithms of 3, 2 and 1. 1000, 100, 10 是3, 2, 1 的反对数. antiperspirant / 9AntI5p\:spErEnt; 9AntI`p[spErEnt/ n [C, U] substance that prevents or reduces perspiration, esp under the arms 防汗剂, 止汗剂（尤指对于腋下的汗）. antipodes / An5tIpEdi:z; An`tIpE9diz/ n [pl] 1 places on opposite sides of the earth to each other 对 趾地（地球两边正相反的地区）. 2 the Antipodes the Australasian regions in relation to Europe 澳 大拉西亚地区（与欧洲相反）. antiquarian / 9AntI5kweErIEn; 9AntI`kwZrIEn/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] of, for or concerning the study, collection or sale of antiques, esp old or rare books 研究, 搜集或出售古物的（尤指古籍或珍 本书）: an antiquarian bookseller 古籍商. antiquarian n. = antiquary. antiquary / 5AntIkwErI; ?@ 5AntIkwerI; `AntI9kwZrI/ (also antiquarian) n person who studies, collects or sells antiques 研究, 搜集或出售古物的人. antiquated / 5AntIkweItId; `AntE9kwetId/ adj 1 (usu derog 通常作贬义) (of things) out of date, obsolete （指事物）过时的, 废弃的. 2 (of people, ideas, etc) old-fashioned （指人, 思想等）旧 式的. antique / An5ti:k; An`tik/ adj 1 (a) belonging to the distant past 古时的. (b) existing since old times 自古就有的. 2 valuable because of age and rarity （因古老和稀少而）珍贵的. =>Usage at old 用 法见old. antique n. object, eg a piece of furniture or a work of art, that is old and valuable, esp one that is of interest to collectors 文物; 古董; 古玩: [attrib 作定语] an antique shop, ie one that sells antiques 古玩店. antiquity / An5tIkwEtI; An`tIkwEtI/ n 1 [U] ancient times, esp before the Middle Ages 古代（尤指 中世纪前）: the heroes of antiquity 古代的英雄. 2 [U] great age 久远的年代: Athens is a city of great antiquity. 雅典是一座古城. 3 [C usu pl 通常作复数] object that dates from ancient times 古 物; 古迹: a museum full of Greek and Roman antiquities, eg coins, pottery, sculptures 有很多希腊和 罗马古物的博物馆. antirrhinum / 9AntI5raInEm; 9AntI`raInEm/ (also snapdragon) n (botany 植) type of garden flower with bag-shaped petals which open when pressed 金鱼草（一种园圃花, 有袋形花瓣, 受压而张开, 俗称龙头花）. antiseptic / 9AntI5septIk; 9AntE`sZptIk/ n [C, U] substance that prevents a wound, etc from becoming septic, esp by destroying bacteria 防腐剂; 消毒剂; 抗菌剂: Have you got any antiseptic for this cut? 这个伤口你消毒了吗? > antiseptic adj 1 preventing infection by destroying bacteria 防腐的; 消毒 的; 抗菌的. 2 thoroughly clean and free from bacteria 消过毒的; 无菌的: an ,antiseptic `bandage 消毒绷带. antisocial / 9AntI5sEUFl; 9AntI`soFEl/ adj 1 opposed or harmful to the laws and customs of an organized community 反社会的（反对或妨害法律与风俗习惯的）: It is antisocial to leave one's litter in public places. 在公众场所遗弃杂物是妨害公众利益的. 2 avoiding the company of others; unsociable 避免社交的; 不合群的:,antisocial be`haviour 不爱交际的行为* It's rather antisocial of you not to come to the party. 你不参加这个聚会就有些不合群了. antithesis / An5tIWEsIs; An`tIWEsIs/ n (pl -ses / n5tIWEsi:z; n`tIWE9siz/) 1 (a) [C usu sing 通常 作单数] ~ (of/to sth/sb) direct opposite 正相反; 对立: Slavery is the antithesis of freedom. 奴役与 自由是对立的. (b) [U] ~ (of sth to sth); ~ (between A and B) contrast; opposition 对照; 相反: The style of his speech was in complete antithesis to mine. 他和我的讲话方式完全相反. 2 [C, U] contrast of ideas marked by the choice and arrangement of words 对语; 对句; 对偶; 对照: `Give me liberty, or give me death' is an example of antithesis. ‘不自由, 毋宁死’是对语的一个例子. antithetic / AntI5WetIk; AntI`WZtIk/, antithetical / -Ikl; -Ikl/ adjs. antithetically / -klI; -klI/ adv. antitoxin / 9AntI5tCksIn; 9AntI`tBksIn/ n [C, U] substance that acts against a poisonous substance and prevents it from having a harmful effect 抗毒素（抵抗有毒物质并防止其产生有害作用的物质）. antler / 5AntlE(r); `AntlL/ n branched horn of a stag or of some other deer 鹿角: a fine pair of antlers 一对完美的鹿角. =>illus at deer 见deer 之插图. antlered adj. antonym / 5AntEnIm; `AntE9nIm/ n word that is opposite in meaning to another 反义词: `Old' has two possible antonyms: `young' and `new'. `Old'有两个反义词榶`young' 和 `new'. Cf 参看 synonym. anus / 5eInEs; `enEs/ n (pl ~es) (anatomy 解) opening at the end of the alimentary canal, through which waste matter passes out of the body 肛门. =>illus at digestive system 见digestive system 之插 图. anal / 5eInl; `enl/ adj. anvil / 5AnvIl; `AnvIl/ n 1 iron block on which a smith shapes heated metal by hammering it 铁砧. 2 (anatomy 解) one of the bones in the ear 砧骨. =>illus at ear 见ear 之插图. anxiety / AN5zaIEtI; AN`zaIEtI/ n 1 (a) [U] troubled feeling in the mind caused by fear and uncertainty about the future 忧虑; 担心; 焦虑: We waited for news with a growing sense of anxiety. 我们等待著消息, 越来越焦急. * He caused his parents great anxiety by cycling long distances alone. 他独自骑自行车远行, 父母非常担心. (b) [C] instance of such a feeling 忧虑; 担心; 焦虑: The anxieties of the past week had left her exhausted. 上星期把她愁得没精打彩. * The doctor's report removed all their anxieties. 医生的报告消除了他们的一切忧虑. 2 [U] ~ for sth/to do sth strong desire or eagerness for sth/to do sth 渴望; 热望: anxiety to please 急于讨好. anxious / 5ANkFEs; `ANkFEs/ adj 1 ~ (about/for sb/sth) feeling anxiety; worried; uneasy 忧虑的; 担忧的; 不安的: an anxious mother 焦虑不安的母亲* I am very anxious about my son's health. 我非常担心儿子的健康. * He was anxious for his family, who were travelling abroad. 他担心在国 外旅行的家眷. 2 [attrib 作定语] causing anxiety 引起忧虑的; 令人担心的: We had a few anxious moments before landing safely. 我们在安全著陆以前, 感到阵阵忧虑. 3 ~ for sth/(for sb) to do sth/that... strongly wishing sth; eager for sth 渴望某事物; 急切想要某事物: anxious for their safety 悬望他们平安无事* anxious to meet you/for his brother to meet you 渴望见到你[他的弟弟 见到你] * They were anxious that aid should be sent promptly. 他们盼望援助物品迅速送到. anxiously adv. any / 5enI; `ZnI/ indef det 1 (used in negative sentences and in questions; after if/whether; after hardly, never, without, etc; and after such vs as prevent, ban, avoid, forbid 用于否定句及疑问句; 用 于if/whether 之后; 用于hardly never without 等之后; 用于prevent ban avoid forbid 一类动词之后) (a) (used with [U] ns 与不可数名词连用) an unspecified amount of 任何量的: I didn't eat any meat. 我一点儿肉都没吃. * Do you know any French? 你会法语吗? * There was hardly any free time. 简 直没有什么空闲时间. * We did the job without any difficulty. 我们毫不费力就做完了工作. * To avoid any delay please phone your order direct. 为免延误, 请直接打电话预订. * It didn't seem to be any distance (ie It seemed a very short distance) to the road. 那条路似乎没多远. (b) (used with plural [C] ns 与复数可数名词连用) an unspecified number of (people or things) 任何数目的（人或物）: I haven't read any books by Tolstoy. 我没看过托尔斯泰的书. * Are there any stamps in that drawer? 那抽屉有邮票吗? * I wonder whether Mr Black has any roses in his garden. 我不知道布莱克先 生的花园有没有玫瑰. * You can't go out without any shoes. 不穿鞋就不能出去. * They bought a dog to prevent any burglaries. 他们买了条狗以防盗贼. Cf 参看some1. 2 (a) (used with singular [C] ns 与单数可数名词连用) one out of a number, (the particular choice being unimportant) 任一（哪一个并不重要）: Take any book you like. 你喜欢哪本书就拿哪本. * Give me a pen any pen will do. 给我一枝钢笔--哪枝都行. * Phone me any day next week. 下星期的任何一天给我打 个电话. (b) (used with singular [C] ns in negative sentences or sentences implying doubt or negation; also used after if/whether 用于否定句或有疑问或否定含义的句中, 与单数可数名词连用; 亦用于 if/whether 之后) a; one 一个: Hasn't it got any tail? 它有尾巴吗? * I can't see any door in this room. 我看不到这房间有门. 3 every; no matter which 每一个; 无论哪个: Any fool could tell you that. 连傻瓜都知道. * You'll find me here at any hour of the day. 你可以看到我整天任何时候都在这. * Any train from this platform stops at Gatwick. 从这一月台开出的火车都在盖特威克停. * They want any money you can spare. 你有多少闲钱他们都要. 4 (used in negative sentences and after if/whether 用于否定句及if/whether 之后) a normal; an ordinary 平常的; 普通的; 一般的: This isn't any old bed it belonged to Shakespeare. 这可不是一般的旧床--是莎士比亚的. * If it were any ordinary paint you would need two coats. 若是普通颜料就要涂两层. * She isn't just any woman she's the Queen. 她并非寻常妇女--她是女王. any time whatever time you like 随便什么时候: Come round any time. 什么时候来都可以. any / 5enI; `ZnI/ indef pron 1 (used in negative sentences and in questions; after if/whether; and after hardly, never, without, etc 用于否定句及疑问句; 用于if/whether 之后; 用于hardly, never, without 等词之后) an unspecified amount or number 任何的数量. (a) (referring back 用以复指前文): I can't give you any. 我一点儿也不能给你. * Have you got any? 你有吗? (b) (referring forward 用以预指 后文): She didn't spend any of the money. 这钱她一点儿都没花. * If he had read any of those books he would have known the answer. 他假若看了这些书中的任何一本, 就知道答案了. * He returned home without any of the others. 没有任何人和他一起回家. 2 one single example 一例: If you recognize `any of the people in the photograph, tell us. 你若能认出照片中的任何人, 就告诉我们. Cf 参看some3. 3 (idm 习语) sb isn't `having any (infml 口) sb isn't interested or does not agree 某人不感兴趣或不同意: I tried to get her to talk about her divorce but she wasn't having any. 我想引 她谈谈她离婚的事, 但她不愿意说. any / 5enI; `ZnI/ indef adv (used with faster, slower, better, etc, in questions and after if/whether 用于 疑问句中, 与faster, slower, better 等连用; 用于if/whether 之后) to any degree; at all 在任何程度上; 丝毫: I can't run any faster. 我无法跑得更快了. * Is your father any better at all? 你父亲有些好转 吗? * If it were any further we wouldn't be able to get there. 假使再远一些, 我们就到不了了. * I can't afford to spend any more on food. 用在食物上的钱, 再多一点儿我也花不起了. * The children didn't behave any too well, ie They behaved rather badly. 孩子们的表现并未见好. any more (US anymore) any further; now, or any longer starting from now 再; 更; 还; 目前; 现在; 今后: She doesn't live here any more. 她已不在这里住了. anybody / 5enIbCdI; `ZnI9bBdI/ (also anyone) indef pron 1 any person 任何人: Did anybody see you? 有人看见你了吗? * Hardly anybody came. 几乎没有人来. * Anybody who saw the accident should phone the police. 见到这一事故的人应打电话通知警方. * He left without speaking to anyone else. 他未和任何人打招呼就离开了. 2 one person out of many (the choice being unimportant) 其中任何一人（是谁并不重要）: Anybody will tell you where the bus stop is. 谁都能 告诉你公共汽车站在哪 . * Ask anyone in your class. 问问你们同班的人. 3 (in negative sentences 用于否定句) any person of importance 任何重要的人: She wasn't anybody before she got that job. 她得到那份工作以前并非重要人物. anyhow / 5enIhaU; `ZnI9haJ/ indef adv 1 carelessly; unsystematically 随随便便地; 杂乱无章地: The books were lying on the shelves just/all anyhow. 书都乱放在书架上. * He made notes anyhow across the page. 他在那页上胡乱作了些笔记. 2 (also anyway) whatever the facts may be; in spite of this; at least 无论如何; 即使如此; 至少: It's too late now, anyhow. 无论如何现在已经太迟了. * Anyhow, you can try. 至少你可以试试. anyone / 5enIwQn; `ZnI9wQn/ indef pron = anybody. anyplace ( US) = anywhere. anything / 5enIWIN; `ZnI9WIN/ indef pron 1 any thing 任何事物: Did she tell you anything interesting? 她跟你说过什么有趣的事吗? * There's never anything worth watching on TV. 电视上 从来没有值得看的节目. * If you remember anything at all, please let us know. 你要是想起什么来, 就告诉我们. 2 any thing of importance 任何重要的事物: Is there anything (ie any truth) in these rumours? 这些谣传中有真事吗? 3 something (its exact nature being unimportant) 某事物（其确切 性质并不重要）: I'm very hungry I'll eat anything. 我饿极了--什么都能吃. * Anything will do to sleep on. 什么东西都可以, 只要能在上面睡觉就行. 4 (idm 习语) anything but definitely not 绝 对不: The hotel was anything but satisfactory. 这家旅馆太不让人满意了. anything like sb/sth (infml 口) in any way similar(ly) 有些像: He isn't anything like my first boss. 他一点也不像我第一 个老板. * The film wasn't anything like as good as ET. 这部电影一点都不如《外星人》那么好. like `anything (infml 口) very much; very quickly, loudly, successfully, etc 非常; 十分迅速, 响亮, 成功等: The thief ran like anything when he heard the alarm. 那贼听到警铃声就飞快逃走了. or anything (infml 口) (used to refer to similar examples 用以指相似的例子) or another thing similar to that mentioned （与所提到的）相似的另一事物: If you want to call a meeting or anything, put up a notice. 要想召集会议什么的, 就要出个通知. anyway / 5enIweI; `ZnI9we/ indef adv = anyhow 2. anywhere / 5enIweE(r); ?@ -hweEr; `ZnI9hwZr/ (US also anyplace) indef adv 1 in, at or to any place 在, 向或到任何地方: I can't see it anywhere. 我在什么地方都见不到它. * If you want to go anywhere else, let me know. 你要到别的地方去, 就要告诉我. 2 one place out of many (the choice being unimportant) 任何一处（何处并不重要）: Put the box down anywhere. 把箱子放在哪里都行. * We can go anywhere you like. 你喜欢去哪里我们都可以去. anywhere indef pron any place 任何地方: I haven't anywhere to stay. 我没有地方待. * Do you know anywhere (where) I can buy a second-hand typewriter? 你知道哪能买到旧打字机吗? aorta / eI5R:tE; e`RrtE/ n main artery through which blood is carried from the left side of the heart 主 动脉; 大动脉. apace / E5peIs; E`pes/ adv (dated or rhet 旧或修辞) quickly 飞快地; 迅速地: Work is proceeding apace. 工作进展迅速. apart / E5pB:t; E`pBrt/ adv 1 to or at a distance 相距; 相隔: The two houses stood 500 metres apart. 这两所房子相距500 米. * The employers and the unions are still miles apart, ie are far from agreement. 雇主与工会之间仍有很大距离（远不能取得一致意见）. 2 to or on one side; aside 向 一边; 在一边: She keeps herself apart from (ie does not mix with) other people. 她与别人保持距离 （不与别人混在一起）. 3 separate(ly) 分开; 分离: You never see them apart these days. 他们近 来形影不离. * He was standing with his feet wide apart. 他站在那儿, 两脚分开的距离很大. * These pages are stuck together I can't pull them apart. 这几页都粘在一起了--我揭不开. 4 into pieces 成碎片: I'm sorry, the cup just came/fell apart in my hands. 很遗憾, 这个杯子竟在我手上碎 了. 5 (idm 习语) be poles apart => pole1. joking apart=> joke. put/set sb/sth apart (from sb/sth) make sb/sth appear superior or unique 使某人[某事物]显得优越或独特: His use of language sets him apart from most other modern writers. 他对语言的运用在现代作家中别具一格. a race apart => race. take sb/sth apart criticize sb/sth severely 严厉批评某人[某事物]: He took my essay apart but I found his criticism helpful. 他把我的文章狠狠地批评了一顿, 但我认为他的批评有好处. take sth apart separate sth into pieces 拆开某物: John enjoys taking old clocks apart. 约翰喜欢拆卸 旧钟. tell/know A and B apart distinguish two people or things; recognize the difference between two people or things 能分辨两个人或两种事物; 能看出两个人或两种事物之间的区别. worlds apart => world. apart from ( also esp US aside from) prep 1 independently of (sth); except for 除了（某事物）以 外...都, 全, 没, 没有等; 除去: Apart from his nose (Cf 参看 His nose apart) he's quite good-looking. 他除了鼻子以外, 哪儿都很好看. 2 　?b in addition to (sth) 除了（某事物）以外... 也, 还, 只等; 不止: Apart from the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs. 他除了脸部和 双手受伤以外, 两条腿也断了. apartheid / E5pB:thaIt, -heIt; E`pBrtet/ n [U] (in S Africa)(official government policy of) racial segregation, separating Europeans and non-Europeans （南非）欧洲人与非欧洲人的种族隔离（的 政府政策）. apartment / E5pB:tmEnt; E`pBrtmEnt/ n (abbr 缩写apt) 1 (US) = flat1. 2 set of rooms, usu furnished and rented, esp for a holiday 一套房间（通常设有家具供出租, 尤指为度假用的）. (often pl 常作复数) single room in a house, esp a large or famous one 厅堂; 殿堂: You can visit the whole palace except for the private apartments. 整个宫殿都可以参观, 只有内殿不开放. apartment block ( Brit) (US a`partment house) block of flats 公寓. apathy / 5ApEWI; `ApEWI/ n [U] ~ (towards sb/sth) lack of interest, enthusiasm or concern; indifference 缺乏兴趣; 无积极性; 漠不关心; 无动于衷: Extreme poverty had reduced them to a state of apathy. 极端的贫困使他们万念俱灰. apathetic / 9ApE5WetIk; 9ApE`WZtIk/ adj showing or feeling apathy 缺乏兴趣的; 无积极性的; 漠不关心的; 无动于衷的. apathetically / -klI; -klI/ adv. ape / eIp; ep/ n 1 any of the four (usu tailless) primates (gorilla, chimpanzee, orang-utan, gibbon) most closely related to man 猿（通常指无尾猿, 即大猩猩, 黑猩猩, 猩猩或长臂猿）. =>illus 见插 图. 2 (idm 习语) go ape (sl 俚) start behaving crazily 变得狂热; 发疯似的. ape v. [Tn] imitate (sb/sth); mimic 学（某人[某事物]）的样; 模仿. ape-man n. extinct creature intermediate between ape and man 猿人. aperient / E5pIErIEnt; E`pIrIEnt/ n [C, U], adj (fml 文) (medicine that is) laxative 轻泻的（药）; 通 便的（药）. aperitif / E5perEtIf; ?@ E9perE5ti:f; E`pZrE9tif/ n alcoholic drink taken as an appetizer before a meal 开胃酒; 饭前酒. aperture / 5ApEtFE(r); `ApLtFL/ n 1 narrow opening 窄孔; 隙缝. 2 (size of an) adjustable opening for admitting light into a camera （照相机的）光圈孔径（大小）: What aperture are you using? 你使用多大的光圈? apex / 5eIpeks; `epZks/ n (pl ~es or apices / 5eIpIsi:z;`epI9siz/) top or highest point 顶点; 最高点: the apex of a triangle 三角形的顶点 * (fig 比喻) At 41 he'd reached the apex of his career. 他41 岁 时到达事业的顶峰. aphasia / E5feIzIE; ?@ -VE; E`feVE/ n [U] (medical 医) partial or total loss of ability to speak or understand spoken language, caused by damage to the brain 失语症（因脑部受损而部分或全部失去 口语表达或理解的能力）. aphasic n, adj (person) suffering from aphasia 患失语症的（人）. aphid / 5eIfId; `efId/ n = aphis. aphis / 5eIfIs; `efIs/ (also aphid) n (pl aphides / 5eIfIdi:z; `efE9diz/) very small insect, eg greenfly, that is harmful to plants 蚜虫. aphorism / 5AfErIzEm; `AfE9rIzEm/ n short wise saying; maxim 格言; 警句. aphoristic / 9fE5rIstIk; 9AfE`rIstIk/ adj. aphrodisiac / 9AfrE5dIzIk; 9AfrE`dIzI9Ak/ n [C, U], adj (substance or drug) arousing sexual desire 激发性欲的（药物）; 催欲剂; 春药. apiary / 5eIpIErI; ?@ -IerI; `epI9ZrI/ n place with a number of hives where bees are kept 养蜂场; 蜂 房. apiarist / 5eIpIErIst; `epIErIst/ n person who keeps bees 养蜂者. apiece / E5pi:s; E`pis/ adv to, for or by each one of a group 每个; 每人; 各: three cakes apiece 每人 三块蛋糕* costing 50p apiece 每个50 便士* We wrote it together, a page apiece. 我们一起写的, 每人一页. apish / 5eIpIF; `epIF/ adj (usu derog 通常作贬义) 1 of or like an ape; stupid 猿的; 像猿的; 愚蠢 的. 2 imitating sb in a foolish way 傻里傻气地模仿某人的: His apish devotion irritated her. 他那 惺惺作态的愚忠使她恼火. aplomb / E5plCm; E`plBm/ n [U] confidence and self-control; poise 自信; 沉著: She performs the duties of a princess with great aplomb. 她泰然自若地履行王妃的职责. apocalypse / E5pCkElIps; E`pBkE9lIps/ n 1 [C] revelation, esp about the future of the world （尤指 关于世界未来的）启示. 2 the Apocalypse [sing] the last book in the Bible, recording the revelation of St John about the end of the world 启示录（《圣经》中最后一卷, 记录圣约翰关于世界末日的启 示）. 3 [sing] event of great significance or violence similar to events in the Apocalypse 巨大事件 （具有重大意义的事件或大动乱, 类似《启示录》中者）. apocalyptic / E9pCkE5lIptIk; E9pBkE`lIptIk/ adj prophesying great and dramatic events like those in the Apocalypse （像《启示录》中一样, 对巨大事件）有启示的. apocalyptically / -klI; -klI/ adv. Apocrypha / E5pCkrIfE; E`pBkrEfE/ n [sing v] those books of the Old Testament that were not accepted by Jews as part of the Hebrew Scriptures and were not included in the Protestant Bible at the Reformation 伪经（《旧约全书》中犹太人不予承认为希伯来《圣经》的经籍, 在宗教改革运动 中也不予收入新教《圣经》中）. apocryphal / E5pCkrIfl; E`pBkrEfEl/ adj not likely to be genuine; untrue or invented 不足凭信的; 伪的; 虚构的: Most of the stories about his private life are probably apocryphal. 有关他私生活的事 可能大部分都是虚构的. apogee / 5ApEdVi:; `ApE9dVi/ n 1 (astronomy 天) position in the orbit of the moon, a planet or a satellite when it is at its greatest distance from the earth 远地点（月球, 行星或卫星轨道上距离地球 最远的点）. 2 (fig 比喻) highest or furthest point; climax 最高点; 最远点; 极点. apolitical / 9eIpE5lItIkl; 9epE`lItIkl/ adj not interested or involved in politics 不关心政治的; 不涉及 政治的. apologetic / E9pClE5dVetIk; E9pBlE`dVZtIk/ adj ~ (about/for sth) feeling or expressing regret; making an apology 表示歉意的; 道歉的: an apologetic letter, voice 道歉信, 语气* He was deeply apologetic about his late arrival. 他对迟到深表歉意. apologetically / -klI; -klI/ adv. apologetics n. [sing v] art or practice of defending ideas or beliefs (esp those of Christianity) by logical argument （尤指为捍卫基督教教义或信仰的）辩护; 护教学. Cf 参看 apology 2. apologize, apologise / E5pClEdVaIz; E`pBlE9dVaIz/ v [I, Ipr] ~ (to sb) (for sth) make an apology; say one is sorry 道歉; 赔不是: I must apologize for not being able to meet you. 我因为没能接你而向你 道歉. * Apologize to your sister! 给你姐姐赔个不是! apologist / E5pClEdVIst; E`pBlEdVIst/ n person who defends a doctrine by logical argument （为某 主义的）辩护者. apology / E5pClEdVI; E`pBlEdVI/ n 1 ~ (to sb) (for sth) statement to say one is sorry for having done wrong or hurt sb's feelings 道歉; 谢罪; 认错: offer/ make/ accept an apology 道歉[致歉/接受 道歉] * I made my apologies (to my host) and left early. 我（向主人）道过歉后提早离去. 2 (fml 文) explanation or defence (of beliefs, etc) （为信仰等的）辩解, 辩护. Cf 参看 apologetics (apologetic). 3 (idm 习语) an apology for sth inferior type of sth; poor replacement 低劣的某事物; 勉强的代用物: Please excuse this wretched apology for a meal. 请包涵这顿不像样的饭菜. apophthegm (also apothegm) / 5ApEWem; `ApE9WZm/ n short forceful saying expressing a general principle; maxim 格言; 箴言; 警句. apoplexy / 5ApEpleksI; `ApE9plZksI/ n [U] sudden inability to feel or move, caused by the blockage or rupture of an artery in the brain 中风, 卒中（由脑血管栓塞或破裂而引起的突然失去知觉或瘫 痪）. Cf 参看 stroke1 7. apoplectic / 9ApE5plektIk; 9ApE`plZktIk/ adj 1 of or suffering from apoplexy （患）中风的;（患） 卒中的: an apoplectic stroke/fit 中风的发作. 2 (infml 口) red in the face; easily made angry; very angry 脸红的; 易怒的; 大怒的: apoplectic with fury 勃然大怒. apostasy / E5pCstEsI; E`pBstEsI/ n (a) [U] abandoning one's religious beliefs, principles, political party, etc 放弃宗教信仰; 背教; 变节; 脱党. (b) [C] instance of this 背教; 变节; 脱党. apostate / E5pCsteIt; E`pBstet/ n person who renounces his former beliefs, etc 背教者; 变节者; 脱 党者. apostle / E5pCsl; E`pBsl/ n 1 (also Apostle) any of the twelve men sent out by Christ to spread his teaching 使徒（基督为宣传他的教导而派出的十二位门徒之一）. 2 leader or teacher of a new faith or movement （新信仰或运动的）倡导者, 导师. apostolic / 9ApE5stClIk; 9ApEs`tBlIk/ adj 1 of the Apostles or their teaching 使徒的; 使徒教导 的. 2 of the Pope 教皇的. ,apostolic suc`cession the passing of spiritual authority from the Apostles through successive popes and other bishops 使徒统绪（神权自使徒传至教皇及其他主教的一脉相 承）. apostrophe / E5pCstrEfI; E`pBstrEfI/ n sign (') used to show that one or more letters or numbers have been omitted (as in can't for cannot, I'm for I am, '76 for 1976, etc), the possessive form of nouns (as in the boy's/boys' meaning of the boy/boys), and the plural of letters (as in There are two l's in `bell') 撇 号（'）（可作省字符, 用以表示字母或数字的省略, 如can't 为cannot 之略, I'm 为I am 之略, '76 为1976 之略; 亦可作名词所有格符号, 如The boy's/boys'意为of the boy/boys; 也可用以构成字 母的复数形式, 如在there are two l's in `bell' 一句中的bell 一字有两个 l）. =>App 3 见附录3. apostrophe / E5pCstrEfI; E`pBstrEfI/ n (fml 文) passage in a public speech, poem, etc, addressed to a person (often dead or absent) or to a thing as if it were a person 呼语（在演说或诗歌等中对某人, 常 为死者或不在场者, 或对拟人的事物所说的话）. apostrophize, -ise / E5pCstrEfaIz; E`pBstrE9faIz/ v [Tn] (fml 文) make an apostrophe to (sb/sth) 对 （某人[某事物]）发出呼语. apothecary / E5pCWEkErI; ?@ -kerI; E`pBWE9kZrI/ n (arch 古) person who prepares and sells medicines and medical goods 药剂师; 药商. apothecaries' weight system of units formerly used in weighing drugs （旧时用于称量药物重量的）药衡制. apothegm = apophthegm. apotheosis / E9pCWI5EUsIs; E9pBWI`osIs/ n (pl -ses / -si:z; -siz/) 1 (of a human being) making or becoming a god or a saint （指人）封为神或尊为神, 神化: the apotheosis of a Roman Emperor 对 罗马皇帝的神化. 2 glorified ideal; highest development of sth 尊崇的理想; 某事物发展的顶峰: The legends of King Arthur represent the apotheosis of chivalry. 亚瑟王的传说代表骑士精神的顶 峰. appal (US also appall) / E5pR:l; E`pRl/ v (-ll-) [Tn] fill (sb) with horror or dismay; shock deeply 使 （某人）惊骇或沮丧; 使大吃一惊: The newspaper reports of starving children appalled me. 报纸对 饥饿儿童的报道使我大为震惊. * We were appalled at the prospect of having to miss our holiday. 我 们为失去这一假日而感到大失所望. appalling adj. (infml 口) shocking; extremely bad 骇人的; 极恶劣的: I've never seen such appalling behaviour. 我从来没见过这么恶劣的行为. * I find much modern architecture quite appalling. 我觉得很多现代建筑十分糟糕. appallingly adv: appallingly thin 极其薄的. apparatus / 9ApE5reItEs; ?@ -5rtEs; 9ApE`rAtEs/ n [U, C] (rare pl ~es 复数作apparatuses, 罕用) 1 (a) set of instruments, etc used esp in scientific experiments 仪器; 设备; 装置: laboratory apparatus 实验室设备. (b) equipment used for doing sth, esp in gymnastics 器械（尤指体操的）: The vaulting horse is a difficult piece of apparatus to master. 鞍马是很难掌握的器械. * Firemen needed breathing apparatus to enter the burning house. 消防队员需用呼吸器械才能进入燃烧著的房屋. =>Usage at machine 用法见machine. 2 complex structure of an organization 机构; 机关; 组织: the whole apparatus of government 整个政府机构. 3 system of bodily organs 器官: the respiratory apparatus 呼吸器官. apparel / E5pArEl; E`pArEl/ n [U] (dated or fml 旧或文) clothing; dress 衣服; 服装: lords and ladies in rich apparel 服饰华丽的王公贵妇. apparent / E5pArEnt; E`pArEnt/ adj 1 [pred 作表语] clearly seen or understood; obvious 清楚易见 或易懂; 明显; 显然: Certain problems were apparent from the outset. 有些问题从一开始就是显而 易见的. * It became apparent that she was going to die. 很明显她快要死了. * Their motives, as will soon become apparent (ie as you will soon see), are completely selfish. 他们的动机很快就能看出, 完全是自私自利. 2 seeming; unreal 表面上的; 假的: Her apparent indifference made him even more nervous. 她表面上若无其事反而使他更加紧张. * Their affluence is more apparent than real, ie They are not as rich as they seem to be. 他们的富有是虚有其表（并非像看上去的那么阔）. apparently adv according to appearances; as it seems 看来; 似乎: He had apparently escaped by bribing a guard. 他看来是贿赂了守卫而逃跑的. * Apparently (ie I have heard that) they're getting divorced. 看样子 （听说）他们要离婚了. apparition / 9ApE5rIFn; 9ApE`rIFEn/ n 1 (a) appearance, esp of sth startling, strange or unexpected 出现（尤指惊人的, 不寻常的或未料到的事物）. (b) person or thing that appears thus 突如其来的 人或事物: a weird apparition in fancy dress 身穿奇装异服而突然出现的古怪人物. 2 ghost or phantom 鬼怪; 幽灵: You look as though you've seen an apparition. 你好像撞见了鬼似的. appeal / E5pi:l; E`pil/ v 1 [Ipr, Dpr.t] ~ to sb (for sth); ~ for sth make an earnest request 恳求; 呼吁: I am appealing on behalf of the famine victims. 我代表饥民恳求援助. * The police appealed to the crowd not to panic. 警方向群众呼吁不要惊慌. 2 [I, Ipr] ~ (to sb) be attractive or interesting (to sb) （对某人）有吸引力; （使某人）感兴趣: The idea of camping has never appealed (to me). 对露营 这种想法（我）从来就不感兴趣. * Do these paintings appeal to you? 你对这些画感兴趣吗? * Her sense of humour appealed to him enormously. 她的幽默感把他强烈地吸引住了. 3 [I, Ipr] ~ (to sth) (against sth) (law 律) take a question to a higher court where it can be heard again and a new decision given （向上级法院）上诉: I've decided not to appeal. 我决定不上诉. * She appealed to the high court against her sentence. 她不服判决而向高等法院上诉. 4 [I, Ipr] ~ (to sb) (for/against sth) (in cricket) ask (the umpire) to declare a batsman out or to give some other decision （板球赛中）提请（裁 判员）宣布击球员出局或作出其它裁判: The whole side appealed for a catch. 全队提请裁判员判接 球得分. * The captain appealed against the light, ie said that the light was not good enough for the game to continue. 队长对光线提出异议（认为光线不好不宜继续比赛）. appeal n. 1 (a) [C] ~ (to sb) (for sth) earnest request 恳求; 呼吁: an appeal for help, food, extra staff 恳求援助, 食物, 增添职员 * a charity appeal 慈善募捐呼吁. (b) [U] request for help or sympathy 吁请援助或同情: Her eyes held a look of silent appeal. 她眼中流露著无声的求助神情. 2 [U] attractiveness; interest 吸引力; 兴趣: Does jazz hold any appeal for you? 你对爵士乐有兴趣 吗? * The new fashion soon lost its appeal. 那种新式样不久就失去了吸引力. 3 [C] (law 律) act of appealing (appeal 3) 上诉: lodge an appeal 提出上诉* have the right of appeal 有上诉权 * [attrib 作定语] an appeal court 上诉法庭. 4 [C] (in cricket) act of asking the umpire for a decision （板球赛中）提请裁判员裁判. appealing adj. 1 attractive; charming 动人的; 媚人的: I don't find small boys very appealing. 我 觉得小男孩儿不太讨人喜欢. * The idea of a holiday abroad is certainly appealing. 到外国度假的 主意肯定大受欢迎. 2 causing sb to feel pity or sympathy 令人怜悯或同情的: an appealing glance 惹人怜的眼神. appealingly adv. appear / E5pIE(r); E`pIr/ v 1 [I] (a) come into view; become visible 出现; 显现; 呈现: A ship appeared on the horizon. 船出现在水平线上. * A light appeared at the end of the tunnel. 隧道的尽 头露出了亮光. * A rash has appeared on his body. 他身上出现了丘疹. (b) arrive 来到: He promised to be here at four o'clock but didn't appear until six. 他答应四点钟来, 可是六点钟才到. 2[I] (a) present oneself publicly or formally 公开或正式露面: The tenor soloist is unable to appear tonight because of illness. 男高音独唱者因病今晚不能演出. * I have to appear in court on a charge of drunken driving. 我被控告醉酒驾驶而要出庭受审. (b) act as a counsel in a lawcourt （作为辩护 人）出庭: appear for the defendant/prosecution 为被告[原告]出庭辩护. 3 [I] (of a book or an article) be published or printed （指书或文章）发表或出版: His new book will be appearing in the spring. 他的新著将于春季问世. * The news appeared next day on the front page. 那则消息次日刊 登在头版上了. 4 [La, Ln, I, It] give the impression of being or doing sth; seem 显得; 好像; 似乎: The streets appeared deserted. 街上似乎行人绝迹. * Don't make him appear a fool. 别把他弄得像 个傻子似的. * She appears to have many friends. 她好像有很多朋友. * There appears to have been/It appears that there has been a mistake. 看来一直就有错. * You appear to have made/It appears that you have made a mistake. 似乎你弄错了. * `Has he been found guilty?' `It appears so/not.' ‘是 他被判有罪吗?’‘好像是[不是].’ 5 (idm 习语) it appears/appeared as if.../as though... the impression is/was given that... 看来; 似乎: It appears as if she's lost interest in her job. 看来她对自 己的工作已失去兴趣. appear NOTE ON USAGE 用法: The two pairs of synonyms appear/seem and happen/chance are intransitive verbs and are not generally used in the continuous tenses. *appear/seem 和happen/chance 这两对同义词都是不及物动词, 一般不用于进行时态. They are commonly used in these two patterns 这四个词通常用于以下两种句型: 1 It appears/seems that he's resigned. 好像他已经辞职 了. * It happened/chanced that she spoke fluent Swahili. 偏巧她很会说斯瓦希里语. 2 He appears/seems to have resigned. 他好像已经辞职了. * She happened/chanced to speak fluent Swahili. 她偏巧很会说斯瓦希里语. Chance is more formal than happen. *happen 比chance 更多用 于口语. Appear and seem are used in a variety of other patterns *appear 和seem 还可用于其它多种 句型: She appeared/seemed very confident. 她显得很自信. * `Are they reliable?' `It appears/seems not.' ‘他们可靠吗?’‘似乎不太可靠.’ * `It's going to rain.' `So it appears/seems.' ‘要下雨了.’ ‘看样子像. ’ So is often used for emphasis with happen/chance 为加强语气, so 常与 happen/chance 连用: It so happened/chanced that I'd met her a few years before. 碰巧我几年前见过 她. appearance / E5pIErEns; E`pIrEns/ n 1 [C] coming into view; arrival 出现; 来到: The sudden appearance of a policeman caused the thief to run away. 警察突然出现, 小偷就逃跑了. * They finally made their appearance (ie appeared, arrived) at 11.30. 他们终于在11 时30 分来到. 2 [C] act of appearing in public as a performer, etc 露面; 出场: His first appearance on stage was at the age of three. 他三岁时初次登台. 3 [C, U] that which shows; what sb/sth appears to be 外表; 外貌; 外观: Fine clothes added to his strikingly handsome appearance. 华丽的服装使他那极其英俊的外貌更为 增色. * She gave every appearance of being extremely rich. 她处处表现得极为阔气. * Don't judge by appearances appearances can be misleading. 勿以外貌取人--外貌不可靠. * The building was like a prison in appearance. 这座建筑的外观像监狱. 4 (idm 习语) ,keep up ap`pearances maintain an outward show, esp of prosperity, in order to hide what one does not want others to see 维持体面; 装门面; 虚饰外表: There's no point in keeping up appearances when everyone knows we're nearly bankrupt. 人家都知道我们快破产了, 何必还打肿脸充胖子. ,put in an ap`pearance show oneself at or attend a meeting, party, etc, esp for a short time 露一下面: I don't want to go to the party but I'd better put in an appearance, I suppose. 我不想参加那个聚会, 可是我最好还是要露一下面. to all ap`pearances so far as can be seen; outwardly 看来; 显然; 外表上: He was to all outward appearances dead. 他显然已经死了. appease / E5pi:z; E`piz/ v [Tn] make (sb/sth) quiet or calm, usu by making concessions or by satisfying demands 使（某人[某事物]）安静或平息（通常为作出让步或满足要求）: appease sb's anger/hunger/curiosity 平息某人的怒气[使某人充饥/满足某人的好奇心]. appeasement n. [U] act or policy of appeasing, esp by making concessions to a possible enemy in order to avoid war 平息的行动或政策（尤指为避免战争而对潜在的敌人作出让步）; 安抚; 姑息; 绥靖. appellant / E5pelEnt; E`pZlEnt/ adj (law 律) concerned with appeals 上诉的. appellant n. (law 律) person who appeals to a higher court 上诉人. appellation / 9ApE5leIFn; 9ApE`leFEn/ n (fml 文) name or title; system of naming 名称; 称呼; 称 号; 命名的编排. append / E5pend; E`pZnd/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (to sth) (fml 文) attach or add sth (esp in writing) 附加, 添上或增补某事物（尤指文字）: append one's signature to a document 在文件上加上署名 * append an extra clause to the contract 在合同上增加一项条款. appendage / E5pendIdV; E`pZndIdV/ n thing that is added to, or that forms a natural part of, sth larger 附加物; 附属物; 组成部分: The elephant's trunk is a unique form of appendage. 象的鼻子是一种 独特的附肢. appendectomy / 9Apen5dektEmI; 9ApZn`dZktEmI/ (also appendicectomy / E9pendI5sektEmI; E9pZndE`sZktEmI/) n (medical 医) surgical removal of the appendix(2) 阑尾切除术. appendicitis / E9pendI5saItIs; E9pZndE`saItIs/ n [U] inflammation of the appendix(2) 阑尾炎. appendix / E5pendIks; E`pZndIks/ n 1 (pl -dices / -dIsi:z; -dE9siz/) section that gives extra information at the end of a book or document 附录: This dictionary has several appendices, including one on irregular verbs. 这部词典有几项附录, 包括不规则动词附录. 2 (pl -dixes) (also ,vermiform ap`pendix) small tube-shaped bag of tissue attached to the intestine 阑尾. =>illus at digestive 见digestive system 之插图. appertain / 9ApE5teIn; 9ApL`ten/ v [Ipr] ~ to sb/sth (fml 文) belong or relate to sb/sth as a right; be appropriate to sb/sth （作为权利）属于或关于某人[某事物]; 适合于某人[某事物]: the duties and privileges appertaining to one's high office 居于高职位所具有的职责和特权. appetizer, appetiser / 5ApItaIzE(r); `ApE9taIzL/ n thing that is eaten or drunk before a meal to stimulate the appetite 正餐前的开胃食物或饮料; 开胃品: Small savoury biscuits provide a simple appetizer. 可口的小饼乾就是简单的开胃品. appetizing, appetising / 5ApItaIzIN; `ApE9taIzIN/ adj (of food, etc) stimulating the appetite （指食物 等）促进食欲的, 开胃的, 刺激欲望的: an appetizing smell from the kitchen 来自厨房的令人垂涎 的香味* The list of ingredients sounds very appetizing. 这张单子上列的配料听起来使人馋涎欲 滴. appetizingly, -isingly adv. appetite / 5ApItaIt; `ApE9taIt/ n 1 [U] physical desire, esp for food or pleasure 肉体的欲望（尤指 对食物或享乐）; 食欲; 胃口: When I was ill I completely lost my appetite. 我生病时完全没有食欲. * Don't spoil your appetite by eating sweets before meals. 饭前不要吃糖以免影响食欲. * (fig 比喻) He had no appetite for the fight. 他毫无斗志. 2 [C] instance of a natural desire for sth （对某事物 的）自然的欲望: The long walk has given me a good appetite. 走了长路使我食欲大振. * He has an amazing appetite for hard work. 他出奇地喜爱艰巨的工作. * a person of gross sexual appetites 性 欲旺盛的人. appetizer, appetiser / 5ApItaIzE(r); `ApE9taIzL/ n thing that is eaten or drunk before a meal to stimulate the appetite 正餐前的开胃食物或饮料; 开胃品: Small savoury biscuits provide a simple appetizer. 可口的小饼乾就是简单的开胃品. appetizing, appetising / 5ApItaIzIN; `ApE9taIzIN/ adj (of food, etc) stimulating the appetite （指食物 等）促进食欲的, 开胃的, 刺激欲望的: an appetizing smell from the kitchen 来自厨房的令人垂涎 的香味* The list of ingredients sounds very appetizing. 这张单子上列的配料听起来使人馋涎欲 滴. appetizingly, -isingly adv. applaud / E5plR:d; E`plRd/ v 1 [I, Tn] show approval of (sb/sth) by clapping the hands 向（某人[某 事物]）鼓掌表示欢迎或赞赏: The crowd applauded (him/the perfomance) for five minutes. 群众（为 他[演出]）鼓掌五分钟. 2 [Tn] praise (sb/sth); approve 称赞; 赞成: I applaud your decision. 我赞 成你的决定. applause / E5plR:z; E`plRz/ n [U] 1 approval expressed by clapping the hands 鼓掌欢迎: He sat down amid deafening applause. 他在震耳欲聋的掌声中就坐. 2 warm approval 热情称赞: Her new novel was greeted by reviewers with rapturous applause. 她的新小说备受书评家推崇. apple / 5Apl; `Apl/ n 1 (a) round fruit with firm juicy flesh and green, red or yellow skin when ripe 苹果: [attrib 作定语] an apple pie 苹果馅饼* apple sauce 苹果酱. =>illus at fruit 见fruit 之插图. (b) (also `apple tree) tree bearing this fruit 苹果树. 2 (idm 习语) an/the ,apple of `discord (fml 文) cause of an argument or a quarrel 争端; 祸根. the ,apple of sb's `eye person or thing that is loved more than any other 心爱的人或物; 掌上明珠: She is the apple of her father's eye. 她是父亲的掌 上明珠. in ,apple-pie `order very neatly arranged 井然有序. applecart n. (idm 习语) upset the/sb's applecart => upset. applejack n. [U] (US) strong alcoholic drink distilled from fermented cider 苹果白兰地（由发酵的 苹果汁蒸馏而成的烈性酒）. appliance / E5plaIEns; E`plaIEns/ n 1 instrument or device for a specific purpose 工具; 用具; 器 具; 器械: a kitchen full of electrical appliances, eg a washing-machine, dish washer, liquidizer, etc 有 各种电器用具的厨房（如洗衣机, 洗碗机, 果汁机等）. =>Usage at machine 用法见 machine. 2 = fire-engine (fire). applicable / 5AplIkEbl, also E5plIkEbl; `AplIkEbl, E`plIkEbl/ adj [pred 作表语] ~ (to sb/sth) that can be applied (apply 7); appropriate or suitable 可适用; 合适; 适当: This part of the form is not applicable (ie does not apply) to foreign students. 表格中的这一部分不适用于外国学生. applicability / 9plIkE5bIlEtI; 9AplIkE`bIlEtI/ n [U]. applicant / 5AplIkEnt; `AplEkEnt/ n ~ (for sth) person who applies, esp for a job, etc 申请人（尤指为 求职等）: As the wages were low, there were few applicants for the job. 因为工资低, 没有什么人申 请这份工作. application / 9AplI5keIFn; 9AplE`keFEn/ n 1 (a) [U] ~ (to sb) (for sth) formal request 申请; 请求: Keys are available on application to the principal. 向校长申请就可得到钥匙. (b) [C] instance of this 申请; 请求: We received 400 applications for the job. 对这份工作, 我们接到400 人的申请. * [attrib 作定语] an application form, ie a form on which to make an application 申请表. 2 (a) [U, C] ~ (of sth) (to sth) act of applying one thing to another 敷用; 施用: lotion for external application only, ie to be put on the skin, not swallowed 只限外用的敷剂（用于皮肤, 不可内服） * three applications per day 每日敷用三次. (b) [C] substance applied 敷用的物质: an application to relieve muscle pain 减轻肌肉疼痛的敷剂. 3 [U] making a rule, etc take effect （使规则等）生效; 实施: the strict application of the law 严明执法. 4 [U] concentrated effort; hard work 专心; 努力: Success as a writer demands great application. 要成为作家就得狠下功夫. 5 [U, C] ~ (to sth) act of putting a theory, discovery, etc to practical use 应用; 运用: a new invention that will have application/ a variety of applications in industry 工业上可应用的[有多种用途的]新发明. applicator / 5AplIkeItE(r); `AplI9ketL/ n thing used to apply (apply 2) sth 涂敷器: Use the applicator provided to spread the glue. 使用所附涂敷器涂用胶水. applied => apply. applique / 5Apli:keI; ?@ 9AplI5keI; 9AplI`ke/ n [U] decorative needlework in which pieces of one type of material are cut out and attached to another 缝饰; 镶饰; 贴花; 补花. applique v. (pt, pp appliqued) [Tn] decorate (sth) in this way 在（某物上）缝饰; 以补花镶饰（某 物）. apply / E5plaI; E`plaI/ v (pt, pp applied) 1 [I, Ipr] ~ (to sb) (for sth) make a formal request 申请; 请 求: You should apply immediately, in person or by letter. 你应该立即申请, 亲自去也好, 写信也好. * apply to the publishers for permission to reprint an extract 向出版者请求准予转印节录 * apply for a job, post, passport, visa 申请工作, 职位, 护照, 签证. 2 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (to sth) put or spread sth (onto sth) 贴; 敷; 涂; 搽: apply the ointment sparingly 涂搽少许油膏* apply the glue to both surfaces 两面都涂上胶水 * (fig 比喻) I'd never apply the word `readable' to any of his books. 我决不会把他的任何一本书称为是‘可以一读的’. 3 [Tn] make (a law, etc) operate or become effective 使（法律等）实施或生效; 应用; 运用: apply a law/rule/precept 执行法律[规则/ 规程] * apply economic sanctions 施行经济制裁. 4 [I, Ipr] ~ (to sb/sth) be relevant (to sb/sth); have an effect （与某人[某物]）有关; 有效; 适用: These rules don't always apply. 这些规则并非 总能行得通. * What I have said applies only to some of you. 我所说的只适用于你们当中的一部分 人. 5 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (to sth) cause (a force, etc) to affect sth 使用（力量等）对某事物起作用: apply force, pressure, heat, etc 用力, 压力, 热力等* apply the brakes hard 用力刹车. 6 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ oneself/sth (to sth/doing sth) concentrate one's thought and energy (on a task) 集中精力（做 事）; 专心: You will only pass your exams if you really apply yourself (to your work). 你只有真正专 心致志（用功）, 考试才能及格. * We must apply our minds to finding a solution. 我们要动动脑筋 找出解决的办法来. 7 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (to sth) make practical use of sth 运用, 应用某事物: The results of this research can be applied to new developments in technology. 这项研究成果能应用于新 的技术开发方面. applied / E5plaId; E`plaId/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] used in a practical way; not merely theoretical 应用的; 实用的: applied mathematics, eg as used in engineering 应用数学（如用于工 程学中者）* applied linguistics 应用语言学. Cf 参看 pure 5. appoint / E5pRInt; E`pRInt/ v 1 [Tn, Tn.pr, Cn.n, Cn.n/a, Cn.t] ~ sb (to sth); ~ sb (as sth) choose sb for a job or position of responsibility 挑选（某人）做某工作或任某职位; 任命; 委派: They have appointed Smith/a new manager. 他们已经任用了史密斯[一位新经理]. * He was appointed to the vacant post. 他被委派填补那空缺. * Who shall we appoint (as) chairperson? 我们选派谁担任主席 呢? * We must appoint sb to act as secretary. 我们得指定一个人当秘书. 2 [Tn] create (sth) by choosing members 挑选人员以组成（某事物）: appoint a committee 挑选人员组成委员会. 3 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (for sth) (fml 文) fix or decide on sth 确定或决定某事物: appoint a date to meet/for a meeting 约定一个日期见面[开会] * The time appointed for the meeting was 10.30. 规定开会的时 间是10 时30 分. appointee / EpRIn5ti:; E9pRIn`ti/ n person appointed to a job or position 被任命者; 被委派者; 被 指定者. appointment / E5pRIntmEnt; E`pRIntmEnt/ n 1 (a) [C, U] ~ (to sth) (act of) appointing a person to a job 任命; 任用; 委派: His promotion to manager was a popular appointment. 他升任经理是众望所 归的. (b) [C] job to which sb is appointed （被任用的）工作, 职位: I'm looking for a permanent appointment. 我正在寻找固定的工作. 2 [C, U] ~ (with sb) arrangement to meet or visit sb at a particular time 约会; 预约: make/fix an appointment with sb 与某人约会 * keep/break an appointment 践[失]约 * I have a dental appointment at 3 pm. 我下午3 时有个牙科的预约. * Interviews are by appointment only. 会晤需经预约. 3 appointments [pl] equipment; furniture 设备; 家具. apportion / E5pR:Fn; E`pRrFEn/ v [Tn, Tn.pr, Dn.n] ~ sth (among/to sb) give sth as a share; allot sth 分配某事物; 分派某事物: I don't wish to apportion blame among you/to any of you. 我不愿意怪罪 你们大家[你们任何人]. * He apportioned the members of the team their various tasks. 他已把各项 任务分配给队员们. Cf 参看 portion v. apportionment n. [U]. apposite / 5ApEzIt; `ApEzIt/ adj ~ (to sth) (of a remark, etc) very appropriate (for a purpose or an occasion) （指言辞等）适当的, 合适的, 恰当的: an apposite comment, illustration, example, etc 恰 当的评论, 说明, 例子等* I found his speech wholly apposite to the current debate. 我认为他的讲 话对当前的辩论是恰到好处的. appositely adv. appositeness n. [U]. apposition / 9ApE5zIFn; 9ApE`zIFEn/ n [U] (grammar) addition of one word or phrase to another word or phrase as an explanation 同位; 同格: In `Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mother' `the Queen Mother' is in apposition to `Queen Elizabeth'. 在`Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mother' 一语中`the Queen Mother' 是`Queen Elizabeth' 的同位语. appraise / E5preIz; E`prez/ v [Tn] assess the value or quality of (sb/sth) 评价; 估价; 鉴定; 评定: appraise a student's work 评定学生的作业 * an appraising glance 估量的眼光 * It would be unwise to buy the house before having it appraised. 买房子不事先估价是不明智的. appraisal / E5preIzl; E`prezl/ n [C, U] (act of) appraising sb/sth; valuation 评价; 估价; 鉴定; 评 定. appreciable / E5pri:FEbl; E`priFEbl/ adj that can be seen or felt; considerable 可察觉到的; 可观的: an appreciable drop in temperature 气温些微的下降* The increase in salary will be appreciable. 薪 水的增加将很可观. appreciably / -EblI; -EblI/ adv: He's looking appreciably thinner. 看得出来他消瘦了. appreciate / E5pri:FIeIt; E`priFI9et/ v 1 [Tn] understand and enjoy (sth); value highly 理解并欣赏 （某事物）; 赏识; 高度评价: You can't fully appreciate foreign literature in translation. 看翻译作品 很难欣赏到外国文学的精髓. * I really appreciate a good cup of tea. 有好茶一杯, 我就真乐在其中 了. * Your help was greatly appreciated, ie We were grateful for it. 非常感谢你的帮助. 2 [Tn, Tf, Tw] understand (sth) with sympathy 体恤, 体念, 体谅（某事物）: I appreciate your problem, but I don't think I can help you. 我理解你的困难, 但却爱莫能助. * I appreciate that you may have prior commitments. 我体谅你可能事先已另有承诺. * You don't seem to appreciate how busy I am. 你似 乎不能体念我多么忙. 3 [I] increase in value 增值; 涨价: Local property has appreciated (in value) since they built the motorway nearby. 自从附近修建了高速公路, 本地的地产（价值）已经增值. appreciative / E5pri:FIEItIv; E`priFI9etIv/ adj ~ (of sth) feeling or showing understanding or gratitude 有欣赏力的; 表示赏识的; 感激的: an appreciative letter, audience, look 感谢信, 表示欣 赏的观众（或听众）, 赏识的神情* I'm most appreciative of your generosity. 我对你的慷慨感激 之至. appreciatively adv. appreciation / E9pri:FI5eIFn; E9priFI`eFEn/ n 1 [U] understanding and enjoyment 欣赏: She shows little or no appreciation of good music. 她对于好音乐鲜有或没有欣赏的能力. 2 [U] grateful recognition of an action 感激; 感谢: Please accept this gift in appreciation of all you've done for us. 多蒙鼎力协助, 无任感谢. 谨备薄礼, 敬请哂纳. 3 [C] (fml 文) (esp written) statement of the qualities of a work of art, person's life, etc （尤指书面的）鉴定, 鉴别, 评价, 评论: an appreciation of the poet's work 对诗人作品的评论. 4 [U] increase in value 增值; 涨价: The pound's rapid appreciation is creating problems for exporters. 英镑急速升值给出口商造成困难. apprehend / 9AprI5hend; 9AprI`hZnd/ v 1 [Tn] (fml 文) seize (sb); arrest 逮捕; 拘押: The thief was apprehended (by the police) in the act of stealing a car. 窃贼在偷汽车时当场被（警察）抓住. 2 [Tn, Tf] (dated or rhet 旧或修辞) grasp the meaning of (sb/sth); understand 领悟; 理解: Do I apprehend you aright, ie Do you mean what I think you mean? 你的意思我领会得对吗? Cf 参看 comprehend. apprehension / 9AprI5henFn; 9AprI`hZnFEn/ n 1 [U, C] anxiety about the future; fear 忧虑; 担心; 恐惧: filled with apprehension 忧心忡忡 * I feel a certain apprehension about my interview tomorrow. 我对明天的面试感到有些担心. 2 [U] understanding 理解; 领悟. Cf 参看 comprehension3 [U] seizing; arrest 逮捕; 拘押: the apprehension of the robbers, escaped prisoners, etc 逮捕强盗, 逃犯等. apprehensive / 9AprI5hensIv; 9AprI`hZnsIv/ adj ~ (about/of sth); ~ (that.../for sb/sth) feeling anxiety; fearful; uneasy 忧虑的; 害怕的; 不安的: apprehensive about the results of the exams 为考试成绩 担忧* apprehensive that he would be beaten 害怕他会挨打* apprehensive for sb's safety 担心某 人的安全. apprehensively adv. apprentice / E5prentIs; E`prZntIs/ n 1 person who has agreed to work for a skilled employer for a fixed period in return for being taught his trade or craft 学徒; 徒弟: [attrib 作定语] an apprentice plumber 见习铅管工人. 2 beginner or novice 生手; 新手. apprentice v. [esp passive 尤用于被动语态: Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (to sb) make sb work as an apprentice (for sb) 使某人（给某人）当学徒. apprenticeship / -tIFIp; -tI9FIp/ n (time of) being an apprentice 学徒身分（的期限）: serve an/one's apprenticeship with a carpenter 跟木匠当学徒. apprise / E5praIz; E`praIz/ v [Tn.pr esp passive 尤用于被动语态] ~ sb of sth (fml 文) inform sb of sth 将某事通知某人: I was apprised of the committee's decision. 我已获悉委员会的决定. appro / 5AprEU; `Apro/ n (idm 习语) on appro (Brit infml 口) = on approval (approval). approach / E5prEUtF; E`protF/ v 1 [I, Tn] come near or nearer to (sb/sth) in space or time （在空间 或时间上）接近, 靠近（某人[某事物]）: The time is approaching when we must think about buying a new house. 我们要想一想买新房子的事了, 时机即将来临. * As you approach the town the first building you see is the church. 接近那座城镇的时候, 首先看到的就是教堂. 2 [Tn] be similar in quality or character to (sb/sth) （在性质或特点上）接近（某人[某事物]）: Few writers even begin to approach Shakespeare's greatness. 莎士比亚的伟大, 鲜有作家能望其项背. 3 [Tn] go to (sb) for help or support or in order to offer sth （为求助或提供某事物）接近（某人）: approach one's bank manager for a loan 找银行经理寻求贷款* approach a witness with a bribe 前去贿赂目击者 * I find him difficult to approach, ie not easy to talk to in a friendly way. 我觉得他很难接近（不好谈话）. 4 [Tn] begin to tackle (a task, problem, etc) 著手处理（事务, 难题等）: Before trying to solve the puzzle, let us consider the best way to approach it. 要想解决这一难题, 咱们先来考虑一下如何著 手方为上策. approach n. 1 [sing] act of approaching 接近: Heavy footsteps signalled the teacher's approach. 沉重的脚步声显示教师已经走近了. * At her approach the children ran off. 她走近的时候, 孩子们 都跑了. 2 [C] ~ to sth thing resembling sth in quality or character 性质或特点相似的事物: That's the nearest approach to a smile he ever makes. 那已算是他能做出的最近乎微笑的表示了. 3 [C] way leading to sth; path; road 通路; 进路; 道路: All the approaches to the palace were guarded by troops. 通往宫殿的所有道路都有部队把守. * [attrib 作定语] Police are patrolling the major approach roads to the stadium. 警察正在通往运动场的主要通路上巡逻. 4 [C] way of dealing with a person or thing 方法; 手段: a new approach to language teaching 语言教学的新方法. 5 [C] attempt to reach agreement or become friendly with sb （想与某人商议或亲近的）尝试, 意图: The club has made an approach to a local business firm for sponsorship. 俱乐部已试探向本地一家公司 寻求资助. * She resented his persistent approaches. 他一再地表示亲近使她很反感. 6 [C] final part of an aircraft's flight before landing 进场（飞机著陆前的最后飞行阶段）: the approach to the runway 进入跑道的进场飞行. 7 [C] (in golf) stroke from the fairway to the green （高尔夫球赛 中）从外野击向球穴区草地. 8 (idm 习语) easy/difficult of approach (fml 文) easy/difficult to talk to in a friendly way 平易近人的[难于接近的]. approachable adj. 1 (of people or things) that can be approached （指人或物）可接近的 : The village is only approachable from the south. 这个村子只有从南边才能到达. 2 friendly and easy to talk to 和蔼可亲的. approachability / E9prEUtFE5bIlEtI; E9protFE`bIlEtI/ n [U]. approbation / 9AprE5beIFn; 9AprE`beFEn/ n [U] (fml 文) approval; consent 认可; 批准: awaiting the approbation of the court 等候法院批淮. appropriate / E5prEUprIEt; E`proprIEt/ adj ~ (for/to sth) suitable; right and proper 适当的; 合适的; 正当的: Sports clothes are not appropriate for a formal wedding. 运动服用于正式婚礼中是不适当 的. * His formal style of speaking was appropriate to the occasion. 他郑重其事的讲话方式适合于那 个场合. * You will be informed of the details at the appropriate time. 在适当的时候将把详情告诉 你. appropriately adv. appropriateness n. [U]. appropriate / E5prEUprIeIt; E`proprI9et/ v 1 [Tn] take (sth) for one's own use, esp without permission or illegally 拿（某事物）为己所用（尤指未经获准或非法者）; 擅用; 挪用; 窃用: He was accused of appropriating club funds. 他被控告挪用俱乐部基金. 2 [Tn.pr] ~ sth for sth put (esp money) on one side for a special purpose 拨出（尤指款项）: 5000 has been appropriated for a new training scheme. 为新的训练计划已经拨款5000 英镑. appropriation / E9prEUprI5eIFn; E9proprI`eFEn/ n 1 (a) [U] appropriating or being appropriated 擅用; 挪用; 窃用; 拨款. (b) [C] instance of this 擅用; 挪用; 窃用; 拨款. 2 [C] thing, esp a sum of money, that is appropriated 擅用; 挪用; 窃用或拨用的物品（尤指款项）: make an appropriation of 20000 for payment of debts 挪用20000 英镑还债. * the US Senate Appropriations Committee, ie dealing with funds for defence, welfare, etc 美国参议院拨款委员会（负责国防, 福利等的拨款）. approval / E5pru:vl; E`pruvl/ n [U] 1 feeling or showing or saying that one thinks sth is good or acceptable or satisfactory 赞成; 认可; 满意; 同意: give one's approval 表示同意* Do the plans meet with your approval? 这些计划你赞成吗? * a nod of approval 首肯. 2 (idm 习语) on ap`proval (of goods) supplied to a customer on condition that they may be returned if they are not satisfactory （指货物）不满意可以退的. seal of approval => seal2. approve / E5pru:v; E`pruv/ v 1 [I, Ipr] ~ (of sb/sth) say, show or feel that sth is good or acceptable or satisfactory 赞成; 认可; 满意; 同意: She doesn't want to take her new boy-friend home in case her parents don't approve (of him). 她不愿把新男朋友带回家, 怕父母看不中（他）. * I approve of your trying to earn some money, but please don't neglect your studies. 我同意你去挣一些钱, 可是请不要 误了功课. 2 [Tn] confirm (sth); accept 批准（某事物）; 通过: The minutes of the last meeting were approved. 上次会议记录已获得通过. * The auditors approved the company's accounts. 审计员核准 了公司的帐目. approving adj: She received many approving glances. 很多赞许的目光向她投来. approvingly adv. approved school ( formerly) place for housing, training and educating young offenders （旧时）少 年感化院. Cf 参看 Borstal, reformatory. approx abbr. 缩写= approximate; approximately. approximate / E5prCksImEt; E`prBksEmEt/ adj almost correct or exact but not completely so 近乎正 确或精确的; 大约的; 大概的: an approximate price, figure, amount, etc 大约的价格, 数字, 数量 等* What is the approximate size of this room? 这间屋子大概有多大? approximately adv: It cost approximately 300 I can't remember exactly. 价钱大约是300 英镑--我记不清了. approximate / E5prCksImeIt; E`prBksE9met/ v [Ipr] ~ to sth be almost the same as sth 与某事物几乎 相同; 接近: Your story approximates to the facts we already know. 你所说的与我们已经了解的事 实很接近. approximation / E9prCksI5meIFn; E9prBksE`meFEn/ n 1 [C] amount or estimate that is not exactly right but nearly so 近乎准确的量或估计; 近似值: 3000 students each year would be an approximation. 每年3000 名学生, 这是个大约的数字. 2 [U] process of being or getting near (in number, quality, etc) 概算; 近似法. appurtenance / E5p\:tInEns; E`p[tnEns/ n (usu pl 通常作复数) (law 律) 1 minor piece of property; accessory 小片地产; 附属物. 2 privilege or right that goes with the ownership of property 附属于 财产所有权的特权或权利: He inherited the manor and all its appurtenances. 他继承了那片庄园及 其一切特权. Apr abbr. 缩写 = April: 14 Apr 1986 1986 年4 月14 日. apres-ski / 9ApreI 5ski:; 9Apre`ski/ n (French 法) time of leisure after a day's skiing in a resort （在度 假胜地滑雪一天后的）闲暇时间: I enjoyed the apres-ski more than the skiing itself. 我喜欢滑雪, Oxford Dictionary Translation memory software company ForeignDesk, Okapi Framework, OmegaT, Transolution, AidTransStudio, Cafetran, Déjà Vu (DVX), Heartsome Translation Suite, MemoQ, MetaTexis, Rainbow, SDLX, SDL, STAR Transit, Trados, SDL Trados, Wordfast, WordFisher, Similis, Open Language Tools http://www.transgood.com