TransGood-Translation memory software Trados, SDL, ForeignDesk, Wordfast, WordFisher, Déjà Vu (DVX), 译佳计算机辅助翻译软件, 雅信CAT TransGood, TransMemory, Translation Software Tools, Computer-assisted translation, computer-aided translation, CAT, machine-aided translation, Translation memory software, Terminology management software, Alignment software, Software localization tools, ?bersetzung Software, Logiciels de traduction, Software di traduzione, Traducción de Software, Mémoire de traduction, Tradu??o memória, Memoria de traducción, Memoria di traduzione, Перевод Software, ForeignDesk, Okapi Framework, OmegaT, Transolution, AidTransStudio, Cafetran, Déjà Vu (DVX), Heartsome Translation Suite, MemoQ, MetaTexis, Rainbow, SDLX, SDL, STAR Transit, Trados, SDL Trados, Wordfast, WordFisher, Similis, Open Language Tools, 翻訳ソフトウェア, 翻訳メモリ, 翻译软件 辅助翻译软件 计算机辅助翻译软件 人工智能翻译 翻译工具 专业翻译软件 翻译记忆软件 塔多思 Trados SDL WordFast 雅信CAT 翻译公司 牛津词典 Oxford Dictionary 兴趣的: an asexual relationship 没有性关系的关系. asexuality / eI9sekFU5lEtI; e9sZkFJ`AlEtI/ n [U]. ash / AF; AF/ n (a) [C] tree commonly found in forests, with silver-grey bark and hard close-grained wood,（即白蜡树）. =>illus at App 1 见附录1 之插图, page i. (b) [U] its wood, used for tool handles, etc, 木（用作工具的把柄等）. ash plant n. strong walking-stick made from the stem of a young ash tree 白蜡杆手杖. ash / AF; AF/ n [U] powder that remains after sth (esp tobacco, coal, etc) has burnt 灰末; 灰: cigarette ash 香烟灰* volcanic ash 火山灰* Coke is an economical fuel but it leaves a lot of ash. 焦炭是一种很经济的燃料, 可是燃烧后剩下很多灰. Cf 参看 ashes. ash blonde ( a) (of hair) very light greyish-blond in colour （指头发）略呈浅灰的金黄色. (b) woman with hair of this colour 有这种颜色头发的女子. ashpan n. tray (placed underneath a fireplace, stove, etc) into which the ashes drop from a fire （壁 炉, 火炉等下面的）炉灰盘. ashtray n. small dish or container into which smokers put tobacco ash, cigarette ends, etc 烟灰缸. Ash Wednesday first day of Lent 圣灰星期三（大斋首日）. Cf 参看 ashes ashes / 5AFIz; `AFIz/ n [pl] 1 powder that remains after sth has been destroyed by burning 灰烬: Ashes were all that remained of her books after the fire. 大火过后, 她的书已全部化为灰烬. * The house was burnt to ashes overnight. 那所房子一夜之间烧成灰烬. Cf 参看ash. 2 remains of a human body after cremation 骨灰: His ashes were buried next to those of his wife. 他的骨灰埋葬在 妻子骨灰的旁边. 3 the Ashes symbolic trophy won by the winning team after a series of cricket test matches between England and Australia （英国与澳大利亚板球决赛连续获胜队所赢得的象徵性 的）锦标. 4 (idm 习语) rake over old ashes => rake1. sackcloth and ashes => sack (sack1). ashamed / E5FeImd; E`Femd/ adj [pred 作表语] 1 ~ (of sth/sb/oneself); ~ (that...) feeling shame, embarrassment, etc about sth/sb or because of one's own actions 感到羞耻; 感到惭愧: ashamed of her behaviour at the party 对她在聚会上的行为而感到羞耻的* You should be ashamed of yourself for telling such lies. 你应该为说这些谎话而感到羞耻. * He felt ashamed of having done so little work. 他因只做了这么一点儿工作而感到惭愧. * I feel ashamed that I haven't written for so long. 我很久未曾写信, 甚为惭愧. 2 ~ to do sth reluctant to do sth because of shame or embarrassment 因为羞耻或惭愧而勉强作某事: I'm ashamed to say I haven't been to church for three years. 我真不 好意思说我已经三年没上教堂了. * He felt too ashamed to ask for help. 他不好意思请求帮助. * I'm ashamed to let you see my paintings. 让你看我的画, 很难为情. ashen / 5AFn; `AFEn/ adj like ashes in colour; very pale 灰色的; 苍白的: She listened to the tragic news ashen-faced. 她听到这一悲惨消息, 脸都白了. ashore / E5FR:(r); E`FRr/ adv to or on the shore or land 上岸; 上陆; 在岸上; 在陆上: We went ashore when the boat reached the port. 船一靠港我们就上岸了. * The ship was driven ashore (ie forced onto the shore) by the bad weather. 天气十分恶劣, 轮船被迫靠岸. ashy / 5AFI; `AFI/ adj of or like ashes; covered with ashes 灰的; 像灰的; 覆盖著灰的: His face was ashy grey. 他面如土色. Asian / 5eIFn; ?@ 5eIVn; `eVEn/ n (person descended from a) native or inhabitant of Asia 亚洲人. Asian adj. of Asia 亚洲的. Asiatic / 9eIFI5tIk; ?@ 9eIVI-; 9eVI`AtIk/ adj of Asia 亚洲的: the Asiatic plains 亚洲的平原. Asiatic n. (offensive 蔑) Asian person 亚洲人. aside / E5saId; E`saId/ adv 1 on or to one side of the main position, direction, etc 在一边; 向一边: pull the curtain aside 把帘子拉向一边* Stand aside and let these people pass. 靠边站, 让这些人 过去. * He took me aside to tell me of his wife's illness. 他把我拉到一边, 告诉我他妻子病的事. * (fig 比喻) You must put aside (ie out of your thoughts) any idea of a holiday this year. 你得把今年要 度假的想法撇开. 2 in reserve 留著: set aside some money for one's retirement 为退休而存些钱 * Please put this jumper aside (ie reserve it) for me. 请给我留著这件毛衣. aside n. 1 (in the theatre) words spoken by an actor on stage that are intended to be heard by the audience but not by the other characters on stage 旁白（戏剧角色背著台上其他剧中人对观众所说 的话）. 2 incidental remark 顺便说的话: I mention it only as an aside. 我只是顺便提及此事. aside from prep. (esp US) = apart from (apart). asinine / 5AsInaIn; `Asn9aIn/ adj stupid or stubborn 愚蠢的; 固执的: What an asinine thing to say! 说的话多蠢! ask / B:sk; Ask/ v 1 [I, Ipr, Tn, Tn.pr, Tw, Dn.n, Dn.w] ~ (sb) (about sb/sth); ~ sth of sb request information (about sb/sth) (from sb) 问; 询问: Ask (him) about the ring you lost he may have found it. 问问（他）你丢的戒指--也许他捡到了. * Don't be afraid of asking questions. 不要怕提问题. * Did you ask the price? 你问价钱了吗? * (fml 文) No questions were asked of us. 没有人问我们问 题. * He asked if I could drive. 他问我会不会开车. * She asked them their names. 她问他们的姓名. * I had to ask the teacher what to do next. 我得问问老师下一步做什么. 2 [Ipr, Tn, Tn.pr, Tw, Dn.w, Dn.t] ~ (sb) for sth; ~ sth (of sb) request that sb gives sth or does sth 要求某人给某事物或做某事物: Did you ask (your boss) for a pay increase? 你请求（老板）加薪了吗? * ask sb's advice, opinion, views, etc 徵询某人的高见, 意见, 看法等* If you want to camp in this field you must ask the farmer's permission. 在这块地上露营要徵求农民的许可. * May I ask a favour (of you)? 能不能 （请你）帮我一个忙? * It's asking rather a lot of you to have my whole family to stay. 我全家在此逗 留要打搅您, 未免有些过分了. * She asked (me) if I would drive her home. 她请求我开车送她回 家. * I asked James to buy some bread. 我叫詹姆斯去买些面包. 3 [Tw, Tt, Dn.w, Dn.t] request permission to do sth 请求准许做某事: ask to use the car 请求准许使用汽车* ask to speak to sb, eg on the phone 请求准许与某人谈话（如打电话时）* I asked (the doctor) whether/if I could get up. 我请求（医生）让我下床. * I must ask you to excuse me. 我得请你原谅. 4 [Tn.pr, Tn.p, Dn.t] ~ sb (to sth) invite sb 邀请, 请某人: ask them to dinner 请他们吃饭* He's asked me out several times already. 他已经几次邀请我外出. * Shall we ask the neighbours in/round (ie to our house)? 咱们把 邻居请（到咱家）来好吗? * She's asked him to come to the party. 她邀请他来参加聚会. 5 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (for sth) request sth as a price 要价; 讨价: You're asking too much. 你要价太高. * What are they asking for their house? 他们那所房子要多少钱? * He's asking 80 a month rent for that flat. 那套房间月租他要80 英镑. 6 (idm 习语) `ask for trouble/it (infml 口) behave in a way that is likely to result in trouble 自找麻烦; 自讨苦吃: Driving after drinking alcohol is asking for trouble. 酒后开车是自讨苦吃. for the `asking if one merely asks 只需开口; 只要索取: The job is yours for the asking, ie If you say you want it, it will be given to you. 你一开口就能得到那份工作. I `ask you (infml 口) (expressing disbelief, surprise, annoyance, etc 表示怀疑, 惊奇, 烦恼等): They're thinking of taxing textbooks I ask you, we'll have to pay to go to bed next! 教科书也快要上税了- 好家伙, 眼看连睡觉都得付钱了! if you ask `me if you would like to know my opinion 如果你想知 道我的看法; 恕我直言; 不瞒你说: If you ask me, he hasn't got long to live. 恕我直言, 他活不长 了. 7(phr v) ask after sb request information about sb's health 问候某人的健康; 问候; 问安: He always asks after you in his letters. 他每次来信都向你问候. ask for sb/sth say that one wants to see or speak to sb or to be given or directed to sth 要求见某人; 要求与某人谈话; 要某事物; 要求指点: ask for the manager, the tickets, the bar 要求见经理; 要票; 询问酒吧地点. asking price price at which sth is offered for sale 要价; 开价; 叫价: They refused to accept less than the asking price. 他们言无二价. ask NOTE ON USAGE 用法: When making a request for somebody to do something, ask is the most usual and informal word 若要某人做某事, ask 是最通俗, 最口语化的词: I asked her to shut the window. 我让她关上窗户. * He asked me for a light. 他向我借个火. The verb request is mainly used in formal speech and writing, often in public notices and commonly in the passive form *request 这一动词主要用于庄重的讲话和文字中, 常用于通告中, 多用于被动式: Dear Sir, I have been requested to inform you that... 敬启者: 兹通知阁下... * Passengers are kindly requested not to smoke at the buffet counter. 乘客请勿在自助餐附近吸烟. Beg suggests the asking of a great favour in a humble manner *beg 指以谦恭的姿态要求给予巨大的帮助: He knew he had hurt her and begged her to forgive him. 他自知伤了她的心而央求她原谅. Entreat, implore and beseech are stronger and more formal than beg *entreat, implore, beseech 三词均比beg 的词义强而文雅: He entreated/implored/beseeched her not to desert him. 他恳求她不要抛弃他. askance / E5skAns; E`skAns/ adv (idm 习语) look askance (at sb/sth) look (usu sideways) at sb/sth with distrust or disapproval （因怀疑或不满而）斜著眼睛看某人[某事 物]; 侧目而视; 瞟: look askance at the price 对那个价钱侧目而视 * She looked at me rather askance when I suggested a swim in the nude. 我提议裸体游泳, 她就瞟了我一眼. askew / E5skju:; E`skju/ adj [pred 作表语], adv not in a straight or level position; crooked(ly) 歪; 斜; 歪斜: The picture is hanging askew. 这张画挂歪了. * He's got his hat on askew. 他歪戴著帽子. * The line is drawn all askew. 这条线都画斜了. aslant / E5slB:nt; ?@ E5slnt; E`slAnt/ adv, prep in a slanting direction or obliquely (across) 斜; 倾斜 地（跨过）: The evening sunlight shone aslant through the window. 夕照斜穿入窗. * The wrecked train lay aslant the track. 失事的火车横在铁轨上. asleep / E5sli:p; E`slip/ adj [pred 作表语] 1 not awake; sleeping 睡著; 睡熟: Don't wake her up she's fast/sound asleep. 别吵醒她--她睡得很熟[很香]. * He fell asleep during the sermon. 他在听著 讲道时睡著了. 2 (of limbs) having no feeling; numb （指四肢）麻木, 发麻, 麻痹: I've been sitting on my leg and now it's asleep. 我把腿坐麻了. asp / sp; Asp/ n small poisonous snake found esp in N Africa （尤指北非产的）小毒蛇. asparagus / E5spArEgEs; E`spArE-Es/ n [U] (a) plant with feathery leaves whose young shoots are cooked and eaten as a vegetable 芦笋（石刁柏的通称, 也称龙须菜）. (b) these shoots 芦笋的嫩茎: have (some) asparagus for lunch 午饭有（些）芦笋 * [attrib 作定语] asparagus soup 芦笋汤. aspect / 5Aspekt; `AspZkt/ n 1 [C] particular part or feature of sth being considered 方面: look at every aspect of the problem 看这问题的各个方面. 2 [sing] (fml 文) (esp of people) appearance or look （尤指人）样子, 容貌, 神态: a man of enormous size and terrifying aspect 面目狰狞的彪形 大汉. 3 [C usu sing 通常作单数] side of a building that faces a particular direction （建筑物的） 方向, 方位: The house has a southern aspect. 这所房子朝南. 4 [C] (in astrology) relative position of stars and planets, thought to influence events on earth 星位（占星术中命星与行星间的相对位置, 认为可影响人间事物）. 5 [C] (grammar) range of meanings expressed by the verb forms have + past participle (eg has worked) or be + present participle (eg is working) 体（动词的语法范畴, 以 have+ 过去分词表示, 如 has worked, 或以be+现在分词表示, 如 is working）. aspectual / 5AspektFUEl; A`spZktFJEl/ adj (grammar) concerned with aspect(5) （动词）体的: There is an aspectual difference between `He crossed the road' and `He was crossing the road'. He crossed the road 和He was crossing the road 两句中动词的体是不同的. aspen / 5AspEn; `AspEn/ n tree of the poplar family with leaves that flutter even in the slightest wind 白杨. asperity / 5AsperEtI; As`pZrEtI/ n (fml 文) 1 [U] harshness or severity, esp of manner 粗暴, 粗鲁 （尤指态度, 举止）: reply with asperity 粗鲁地回答. 2 [C usu pl, U 作可数名词时通常作复数, 亦作不可数名词] (instance of) very cold or severe weather 严寒的天气: suffer the asperities of winter near the North Pole 遭受近北极严冬之苦. aspersions / E5sp\:Fnz; ?@ -Vnz; E`sp[VEnz/ n [pl] (fml or rhet 文或修辞) 1 damaging or derogatory remarks 诽谤; 诬蔑: I strongly resent such unwarranted aspersions. 我对这种莫须有的 诽谤深恶痛绝. 2 (idm 习语) cast aspersions => cast1. asphalt / 5Asflt; ?@ -fR:lt; `AsfRlt/ n [U] black sticky substance like coal tar, mixed with sand or gravel for making road surfaces, or used to make roofs, etc waterproof 沥青（通称柏油）. asphalt v. [Tn] cover (esp a road) with asphalt 以沥青铺（尤指道路）. asphyxia / Es5fIksIE; ?@ As5f-; As`fIksIE/ n [U] condition caused by lack of air in the lungs; suffocation 窒息. asphyxiate / Es5fIksIeIt; Es`fIksI9et/ v [Tn usu passive 通常用于被动语态] cause (sb) to become ill or to die by preventing enough air from reaching the lungs; suffocate 使（某人）窒息而病或死: asphyxiated by the smoke and poisonous fumes 被烟或毒气窒息. asphyxiation / Es9fIksI5eIFn; Es9fIksI`eFEn/ n [U]. aspic / 5AspIk; `AspIk/ n [U] clear meat jelly served with or around meat, fish, eggs, etc （肉类的） 冻子: chicken in aspic 鸡肉冻子. aspidistra / 9AspI5dIstrE; 9AspI`dIstrE/ n tall plant with broad pointed leaves, usu grown indoors 蜘 蛛抱蛋（一种高大植物, 叶宽而尖, 常为室内盆栽, 别称‘一叶’）. aspirant / E5spaIErEnt; E`spaIrEnt/ n ~ (to/after/for sth) (fml 文) person who is ambitious (for fame, promotion, success, etc) 有抱负的人; 有进取心的人: an aspirant to the presidency 争当总统的人. aspirate / 5AspErEt; `AspErEt/ n (phonetics 语音) sound of `h' or of a consonant containing it 送气 音; 吐气音: The word `hour' is pronounced without an initial aspirate. hour 一字的开头字母h 不发 送气音. aspirate / 5AspEreIt; `AspE9ret/ v [Tn] pronounce (sth) with an `h' sound 将（某字）发成送气音: The initial `h' in `hour' is not aspirated. hour 一字中起首的h 不发送气音. aspiration / 9AspE5reIFn; 9AspE`reFEn/ n 1 [U, C often pl 常作复数] ~ (for/after sth); ~ (to do sth) strong desire or ambition 渴望; 抱负; 志气: She was filled with the aspiration to succeed in life. 她 渴望有所成就. * He has serious aspirations to a career in politics. 他有从政的雄心壮志. 2 [U] aspirating 发送气音. aspire / E5spaIE(r); E`spaIr/ v [Ipr, It] ~ after/to sth desire strongly to achieve sth; have ambition for sth 渴望成就某事物; 对某事物有雄心或野心: aspire after knowledge 渴求知识 * aspire to become an author 热望成为作家* Aspiring musicians must practise many hours a day. 有抱负的音 乐家每天要练习很多小时. aspirin / 5AsprIn, 5spErIn; `AspErIn/ n (a) [U] medicine used to relieve pain and reduce fever 阿司匹 林（镇痛解热药）: Have you got any aspirin? 你有阿司匹林吗? (b) [C] tablet(2) of this 阿司匹林 药片: Take two aspirins for your headache. 你头疼吃两片阿司匹林吧. ass / As; As/ n 1 (also donkey) animal related to the horse, with long ears and a tuft at the end of its tail 驴. 2 (infml 口) stupid person 傻瓜; 笨蛋: Don't be such an ass! 别这么傻了! 3 (idm 习语) make an `ass of oneself behave stupidly so that one appears ridiculous 出洋相; 干傻事: I made a real ass of myself at the meeting standing up and then forgetting the question. 我在会上真出了洋相了- 一站起来就把问题忘了. ass / As; As/ n ( US sl 讳, 俚) 1 [C] = arse. 2 [U] sexual intercourse 性交. assail / E5seIl; E`sel/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (with sth) (fml 文) attack sb violently or repeatedly 猛击, 痛 打, 攻击某人: assailed with fierce blows to the head 殴打头部* assail sb with questions, insults, etc 对某人质问, 侮辱等* assailed by worries, doubts, fears, etc 饱受烦恼, 疑惑, 恐惧等折磨. assailant n. (fml 文) person who attacks 攻击者: He was unable to recognize his assailant in the dark. 他在黑暗中认不出殴打他的人. assassin / E5sAsIn; ?@ -sn; E`sAsn/ n killer, esp one who kills an important or famous person for money or for political reasons 暗杀者, 行刺者（尤指为金钱或政治目的而杀害要人或名人者）. assassinate / E5sAsIneIt; ?@ -sEn-; E`sAsn9et/ v [Tn] kill (esp an important or famous person) for money or for political reasons 暗杀, 行刺（尤指为金钱或政治目的而杀害要人或名人）. assassination / E9sAsI5neIFn; ?@ -sE5neIFn; E9sAsn`eFEn/ n (a) [U] murder of this kind 暗杀; 行 刺. (b) [C] instance of this 暗杀; 行刺. assault / E5sR:lt; E`sRlt/ n [C, U] ~ (on sth) sudden violent attack 突然而猛烈的攻击; 突袭; 突击: make an assault on the enemy lines 突袭敌军阵线* The roar of city traffic is a steady assault on one's nerves. 市区车辆的喧嚣声不停地刺激著神经. * an alarming increase in cases of indecent assault, eg rape 强奸猥亵案件惊人的增加. assault v. [Tn] make an assault on (sb) 突袭; 突击: He got two years' imprisonment for assaulting a police officer. 他因袭击警察而遭两年监禁. * Six women have been sexually assaulted in the area recently. 最近这一带有六个女子遭受强奸猥亵. assault and battery ( law 律) violent physical attack on sb 殴打. assault craft portable boat with an outboard motor, used for making attacks across rivers, etc 突击艇（发动机装于 船外的一种轻便船, 在渡河等突击时使用）. assay / E5seI; E`se/ n testing of esp metals for quality 试验, 测定, 鉴定（尤指对金属质量）: make an assay of an ore 对一矿石作试验鉴定. assay v. 1 [Tn] test the quality of (a metal); analyse (eg an ore) 测定（金属）的质量; 分析（如 矿石）. 2 [Tn, Tt] (arch 古) attempt (esp sth difficult) 尝试（尤指困难事物）. assegai / 5sEgaI; `AsE9-aI/ n light iron-tipped throwing-spear used by S African tribes （南非部族使 用的）铁尖轻标枪. assemblage / E5semblIdV; E`sZmblIdV/ n 1 [U] (fml 文) act of bringing or coming together; assembly 集合; 组合; 装配. 2 [C] (often joc 常作戏谑语) collection of things or people 聚集的 物或人: an odd assemblage of broken bits of furniture 一堆奇形怪状的破烂家具. assemble / E5sembl; E`sZmbl/ v 1 [I, Tn] (cause people or things to) come together; collect 集合; 聚集; 收集: The whole school (was) assembled in the main hall. 全校在大礼堂集合. * assemble evidence, material, equipment, a collection of objects 收集证据, 材料, 设备, 物品. 2 [Tn] fit together (the parts of sth) 装配; 安装: assemble the parts of a watch 装配表的零件 * The bookcase can easily be assembled with a screwdriver. 这书柜用一把螺丝刀就可以很容易地安装起来. assembly / E5semblI; E`sZmblI/ n 1 (a) [U] coming together of a group of people for a specific purpose 集合; 集会: Morning assembly is held in the school hall. 晨会在学校礼堂举行. * deny sb the right of assembly 不予某人集会的权利 * [attrib 作定语] assembly rooms 会议室. (b) [CGp] group of people in such a meeting 集合的人们; 参加集会的人们: The motion was put to the assembly. 这项动议已提交给大会了. * The national assembly has/have met to discuss the crisis. 国 民大会已对这一危机进行了讨论. * the legislative assemblies of the USA 美国各州的两院制议会. 2 (a) [U] act or process of fitting together the parts of sth 装配; 安装: The assembly of cars is often done by machines. 汽车常由机器装配. * Each component is carefully checked before assembly. 每 个零件在装配前都经过仔细检查. * [attrib 作定语] an assembly plant, eg in a factory 装配车间（如 工厂中者）. (b) [C] unit consisting of smaller manufactured parts that have been fitted together 装配 组件: the tail assembly of an aircraft 飞机的机尾装配组件. 3 [C] sound of a drum or bugle calling soldiers to assemble （军队的）集合鼓, 集合号. assembly line sequence of machines and workers along which a product moves as it is assembled in stages 装配线: He works on the assembly line at the local car factory. 他在本地汽车制造厂装配线上工作 assent / E5sent; E`sZnt/ n [U] ~ (to sth) (fml 文) agreement; approval 同意; 赞成: give one's assent to a proposal 对建议表示同意* by common assent, ie with everybody's agreement 一致同意 * The new bill passed by Parliament has received the royal assent, ie been approved by the monarch. 议 会所通过的新法案已获国王批准. assent v. [I, Ipr] ~ (to sth) express agreement; consent 同意; 赞成: I can never assent to such a request. 我决不能同意这种要求. assert / E5s\:t; E`s[t/ v 1 [Tn] (a) make others recognize (sth) by behaving firmly and confidently 坚 定而有信心地使别人认识到（某事物）; 坚持: assert one's authority, independence, rights 坚持自 己的权威性, 独立性, 权利. (b) ~ oneself behave in a confident manner that attracts attention and respect 表现出自信而受到注意和尊重: You're too timid you must try to assert yourself more. 你 太畏缩了--要尽量增强自信心. 2 [Tn, Tf] state (sth) clearly and forcefully as the truth 清楚而有力 地表明（某事物）为事实; 声称; 断言: She asserted her innocence/that she was innocent. 她坚称自 己很清白[她是无辜的]. assertion / E5s\:Fn; E`s[FEn/ n 1 [U] action of claiming or stating forcefully; insistence 有力的声言 或陈词; 坚持: assertion of one's authority 对自己权威的维护* an air of self-assertion 坚持己见的 姿态* speak with assertion 坚定地说. 2 [C] strong statement claiming the truth of sth （声称某事 物属实的）强硬陈词; 断言: I seriously question a number of your assertions. 对你所坚持的说法, 有几点我甚为怀疑. assertive / E5s\:tIv; E`s[tIv/ adj showing a strong and confident personality; asserting oneself 表现出 刚毅与自信性格的; 坚定而自信的: an assertive young man 有自信心的年轻人 * state one's opinions in an assertive tone of voice 以坚定自信的语气表达自己的意见. assertively adv. assertiveness n. [U]. assess / E5ses; E`sZs/ v 1 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (at sth) decide or fix the amount of sth 确定, 评定（某数 额）: assess sb's taxes/income 评定某人的税额[总收入] * assess the damage at 350 评定损害赔偿 金为350 英镑. 2 [Tn] decide or fix the value of (sth); evaluate 确定, 评定（某事物）的价值; 估 价: have a house assessed by a valuer 由估价者给房子估价. 3 [Tn, Cn.n/a] ~ sth (as sth) estimate the quality of sth 估计, 评定某事物的质量: It's difficult to assess the impact of the President's speech. 总统讲话的巨大影响很难估计. * I'd assess your chances as extremely low. 我估计你成功 的机会极微. assessment n. 1 (a) [U] action of assessing 确定; 评定: Continuous assessment is made of all students' work. 对全体学生的功课作出连贯性的评定. (b) [C] evaluation or opinion 评价; 看法: What is your assessment of the situation? 你对这一情况有什么看法? 2 [C] amount fixed for payment 核定的付款额: a tax assessment 税款核定额. assessor n. 1 person who assesses taxes or the value of property, etc （评定税款或财产价值等的） 评税员, 估价员. 2 person who advises a judge in court on technical matters 陪审法官（法庭技术 顾问）. asset / 5Aset; `AsZt/ n 1 ~ (to sb/sth) (a) valuable or useful quality or skill 有价值的或有用的特性 或技能: Good health is a great asset. 健康就是莫大的财富. (b) valuable or useful person 有价值的 或有用的人: He's an enormous asset to the team. 他是队的骨干. 2 (usu pl 通常作复数) thing, esp property, owned by a person, company, etc that has value and can be used or sold to pay debts （属 于个人或公司所有, 可用以抵偿债务或变卖后支付债务的）财产, 资产: His assets included shares in the company and a house in London. 他的财产包括公司的股票和位于伦敦的房子. Cf 参看 liability. asset-stripping n. [U] (commerce 商) practice of buying at a cheap price a company with financial difficulties and then selling its assets individually to make a profit 资产倒卖（廉价收买经济上有困 难的公司, 然后将其资产逐一变卖获利的做法）. asseverate / E5sevEreIt; E`sZvE9ret/ v [Tn, Tf] (fml 文) state (sth) firmly and solemnly （坚定而郑 重地）宣称, 陈词, 断言: asseverate one's innocence/that one is innocent 坚称自己很清白[自己是无 辜的]. asseveration / E9sevE5reIFn; E9sZvE`reFEn/ n [U, C]. assiduity / 9AsI5dju:EtI; ?@ -du:-; 9AsE`duEtI/ n [U] (fml 文) constant and careful attention to a task 专心致志; 勤勉: He shows great assiduity in all his work. 他对所有工作都兢兢业业. assiduous / E5sIdjUEs; ?@ -dVUEs; E`sIdVJEs/ adj (fml 文) showing constant and careful attention 专心致志的; 勤勉的: be assiduous in one's duties 认真执行任务* The book was the result of ten years' assiduous research. 那本书是十年苦心钻研的成果. assiduously adv. assign / E5saIn; E`saIn/ v 1 [Dn.n, Dn.pr] ~ sth to sb give sth to sb as a share of work to be done or of things to be used 分配给某人一部分工作去做或一份东西去使用: The teacher has assigned each of us a holiday task. 教师给我们每个人都分配了假日的工作. * The two large classrooms have been assigned to us. 这两间大教室已经分配给我们了. 2 [Tn.pr, Tnt] ~ sb to sth name sb for a task or position; appoint sb 指定某人做一工作或任一职务; 委派, 选派某人: They've assigned their best man to the job. 他们选派了最合适的人做那项工作. * One of the members was assigned to take the minutes. 其中的一个成员被指定作记录. 3 [Tn.pr, Cn.n/a] name or fix (a time, place, reason, etc for sth) 指定（时间, 地点）; 确定（原因）: Shall we assign Thursdays for our weekly meetings? 我们把每周例会定在星期四好吗? * It is impossible to assign an exact date to this building. 确定这 座建筑物的确切年代是不可能的. * Can we assign jealousy as the motive for the crime? 我们能否 确定这一犯罪动机是出于嫉妒? 4 [Tn.pr] ~ sth to sb (law 律) transfer (property, rights, etc) to sb 将（财产, 权利等）转让予某人; 过户予某人. assignable adj. that can be assigned 可指定的; 可委派的; 可归因的; 可转让的. assignment n. 1 [C] task or duty that is assigned to sb 指定给某人的任务或职责: Your next assignment will be to find these missing persons. 你的下一项任务是寻找这些失踪的人. * She was sent abroad on a difficult assignment. 她被派出国执行一项艰巨任务. 2 [U] act of assigning (esp property, rights, etc) 转让（尤指财产, 权利等）: a deed of assignment 转让契约. assignation / 9AsIg5neIFn; 9AsI-`neFEn/ n (fml or rhet 文或修辞) arrangement to meet sb, esp secretly or illicitly 约会, 幽会（尤指秘密的或不正当的）: an assignation with a lover 与情人的幽 会. assimilate / E5sImEleIt; E`sIml9et/ v 1 [I, Tn] (a) (cause sth to) become absorbed into the body after digestion （使某物）经消化而吸收: Some foods assimilate/ are assimilated more easily than others. 有些食物比另一些食物容易吸收. (b) (allow sb/sth to) become part of another social group or state （让某人[某事物]）同化: The USA has assimilated people from many different countries. 美国同化 了来自许多国家的人. 2 [Tn] absorb (ideas, knowledge, etc) in the mind 吸收（思想, 知识等）: Children in school are expected to assimilate what they have been taught. 希望在学的儿童能吸收教 给他们的知识. 3 [Tn.pr esp passive 尤用于被动语态] ~ sth to sth make sth similar to sth 使某事 物与另一事物相似. assimilation / E9sImE5leIFn; E9sIml`eFEn/ n [U] 1 process of assimilating or being assimilated （被）吸收或同化的过程. 2 (phonetics 语音) change in a speech sound when it becomes similar to another speech sound next to it 同化（一个语音受相邻语音影响而产生与之相同或相似的变化）. assist / E5sIst; E`sIst/ v 1 [I, Ipr, Tn, Tn.pr, Tnt] ~ (sb) in/with sth; ~ (sb) in doing sth (fml 文) help 帮助; 援助; 协助: The head teacher's deputy assists with many of his duties. 副校长帮助校长做很 多工作. * Two men are assisting the police in their enquiries, ie are answering questions which may lead to their arrest as suspected criminals or help the police find other suspects. 有两个人正在协助警 方进行对他们的询问（回答涉嫌犯罪的问题从而将之逮捕或协助警方追查其他疑犯）. * You will be required to assist Mrs Smith in preparing a report. 你将要协助史密斯夫人准备一份报告. 2 [Ipr] ~ at/in sth (fml 文) be present at or take part in sth 在某场合出席; 参加某事物: assist at the ceremony 参加仪式. assistance n. [U] (fml 文) help 帮助; 援助; 帮忙: Please call if you require assistance. 如果需要 帮忙, 请打电话. * Can I be of any assistance, sir? 我能帮点儿忙吗, 先生? * Despite his cries no one came to his assistance. 尽管他大声喊叫, 却没有人来帮助他. * I can't move this piano without assistance. 没有人帮忙, 我可挪不动这架钢琴. assistant n. 1 person who helps 助手; 助理: My assistant will operate the tape-recorder. 我的助 手将操纵录音机. 2 person who serves customers in a shop 店员. adj [attrib 作定语] (abbr 缩写 asst) helping, and ranking next below, a senior person 助理的: the assistant manager 协理; 襄理; 副 经理* a senior assistant master, ie in a school （男）高级助理教师. assize / E5saIz; E`saIz/ n [C usu pl, U 作可数名词时通常作复数, 亦作不可数名词] (formerly) lawcourt session held periodically in each county of England and Wales for trying civil and criminal cases 巡回审判（旧时英国高等法院在英格兰和威尔士各郡举行的定期庭审, 审理民事与刑事案 件）: courts of assize 巡回审判法庭. Assoc (also assoc) abbr. 缩写= associate(d); association. associate / E5sEUFIEt; E`soFIEt/ adj [attrib 作定语] 1 joined or allied with a profession or organization （与某职业或组织）联合的, 联盟的, 合伙的: an associate judge 陪审法官 * the associate producer of a film 联合制片人. 2 having a lower level of membership than full members 准的（会员）: Associate members do not have the right to vote. 准会员没有选举权. associate n. 1 partner; colleague; companion 合伙人; 同事; 伙伴: one's business associates 业 务合伙人* They are associates in crime. 他们是共犯. 2 associate member 准会员. associate / E5sEUFIeIt; E`soFI9et/ v 1 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth (with sb/sth) join (people or things) together; connect (ideas, etc) in one's mind 将（人或事物）联系起来; 在头脑中联想（主意等）: You wouldn't normally associate these two writers their styles are completely different. 通常不会把这两 位作家相提并论--他们两人的风格完全不同. * Whisky is usually associated with Scotland. 人们常 把威士忌同苏格兰联系起来. * I always associate him with fast cars. 我总是由他联想到高速汽车. 2 [Ipr] ~ with sb act together with or often deal with sb 与某人交往或常打交道: I don't like you associating with such people. 我不喜欢你和那些人混在一起. 3 [Tn.pr] ~ oneself with sth declare or show that one is in agreement with sth 声称或表示自己赞同某事物: I have never associated myself with political extremism. 我从来不赞同政治上的极端主义. association / E9sEUsI5eIFn; E9sosI`eFEn/ n 1 [U] (a) ~ (with sb/sth) action of associating or being associated 联合; 联系; 联盟; 合伙: His English improved enormously because of his association with British people. 因为他和英国人有来往, 所以他的英语突飞猛进. * There has always been a close association between these two schools. 这两所学校一向有密切联系. * We are working in association with a number of local companies to raise money for the homeless. 我们与本地一些公司 联合为无家可归的人筹款. (b) being in sb's company; friendship 与某人为伍; 友谊; 友情; 交往: She became famous through her association with several poets. 她通过与几位诗人的交往而出名了. 2 [C] mental connection between ideas 联想: What associations does the sea have for you? 你从大海 能联想到什么? 3 [C] group of people joined together for a common purpose; organization 社团; 协会; 学会: Do you belong to any professional associations? 你是哪个专业学会的? Association football (also football, soccer) form of football played by two teams of eleven players, using a round ball that must not be handled during play except by the goalkeeper （英式）足球. assonance / 5AsEnEns; `AsEnEns/ n [U] (rhyme that depends on the) similarity between the vowel sounds only or the consonant sounds only of two words or syllables, as in sharper and garter or killed and cold 半谐音（两个词或音节的元音类似或辅音类似, 如sharper 和garter 或killed 和 cold） assorted / E5sR:tId; E`sRrtId/ adj of different sorts; mixed 各种各样的; 混杂的; 什锦的: a tin of assorted biscuits 一罐什锦饼乾. assortment / E5sR:tmEnt; E`sRrtmEnt/ n collection of different things or of different types of the same thing; mixture 各类物品或同类各种物品的聚集; 混合物: a wide assortment of gifts to choose from 各式各样的礼品可供选择* wearing an odd assortment of clothes 穿著奇装异服 Asst (also asst) abbr. 缩写= assistant: Asst Sec 部长助理. assuage / E5sweIdV; E`swedV/ v [Tn] (fml 文) make (sth) less severe; soothe 减轻; 缓和; 平息: assuage one's hunger, thirst, grief, longing, etc 充饥, 解渴, 减轻悲痛, 抑制欲念. assume / E5sju:m; ?@ E5su:m; E`sum/ v 1 [Tn, Tf, Tnt] accept (sth) as true before there is proof 假 定; 假设; 设想; 以为: We cannot assume anything in this case. 在这种情形下我们无法作任何揣 测. * I am assuming that the present situation is going to continue. 我认为目前的情况将会继续下去. * We must assume him to be innocent until he is proved guilty. 尚未证实他有罪, 就得假定他是清 白的. * We can all leave together assuming (that) the others aren't late. 我们大家可以一起走--假定 其他人不耽搁的话. 2 [Tn] put on or display (sth) falsely; pretend 装作; 装出; 假装: assume ignorance, indifference, an air of concern, etc 假装不知情, 装作不在乎, 假意关心等* The look of innocence she assumed had us all fooled. 她装出清白无辜的样子把我们都愚弄了. 3 [Tn] begin to act in or exercise (sth); undertake; take on 开始从事; 承担; 担任; 呈: assume office 就职 * He assumes his new responsibilities next month. 他下月承担新任务. * The problem is beginning to assume massive proportions, ie become very great. 问题越来越大了. assumed adj. [attrib 作定语] pretended; false 假装的; 假的: living under an assumed name 使用 假名字活著. assumption / E5sQmpFn; E`sQmpFEn/ n 1 [C] thing accepted as true or as sure to happen, but not proved 假定; 假设; 设想: The theory is based on a series of wrong assumptions. 这一理论是以一 系列错误的设想为根据的. * We are working on the assumption that the rate of inflation will not increase next year. 我们在假定明年通货膨胀率不增加的情况下工作. 2 [U] ~ of sth act of displaying (insincere feelings, etc) 显示出（假情假意等）的行动; 假装: Their assumption of an air of confidence fooled nobody. 他们装出信心十足的样子却欺骗不了任何人. 3 [C] ~ ofsth act of taking on (a position, etc) 承担, 担任（职务等）: her assumption of supreme power 她掌大权. 4 the Assumption [sing] (a) the taking of the Virgin Mary into Heaven in bodily form 圣母升天. (b) festival on 15 August celebrating this 圣母升天节（8 月15 日）. assurance / E5FR:rEns; ?@ E5FUErEns; E`FJrEns/ n 1 (also self-assurance) [U] confident belief in one's own abilities and powers 自信; 把握: act with, display, possess assurance 有把握, 有信心, 胸 有成竹* She shows remarkable assurance on stage for one so young. 她小小年纪, 在台上却泰然 自若. 2 [C] statement expressing certainty about sth; promise 保证; 担保: He gave me an assurance that it would be ready by Friday. 他向我保证星期五一定准备好. * Despite repeated assurances he failed to repay the money he had borrowed. 他尽管再三保证, 但是借去的钱却始终 没还. 3 [U] (esp Brit) insurance, esp on sb's life 保险（尤指人寿）: a life assurance policy 人寿保 险单. assure / E5FR:(r); ?@ E5FUEr; E`FJr/ v 1 (a) [Dn.f] tell (sb) positively or confidently 明确地或有 信心地告诉（某人）; 向（某人）保证: I assure you they'll be perfectly safe with us. 我向你保证, 他 们和我们在一起十分安全. * They were assured that everything possible was being done. 已经向他 们保证, 凡是可能做的都做到了. (b) [Tn.pr, Dn.f] ~ sb/oneself (of sth) cause sb/oneself to be sure or feel certain about sth 使某人[自己]对某事物确信不疑或觉得肯定无误: They tried to assure him of their willingness to work. 他们尽力使他相信他们乐意工作. * She was able to assure herself that nothing had been taken from her purse. 她确信钱包什么东西都没被拿走. 2 [Tn] make (sth) certain; ensure 使（某事物）确定; 确保: Her success as an actress was now assured. 她当演员很成 功, 已毋庸置疑了. 3 [Tn] insure (sth), esp against sb's death 给（某事物）保险（尤指寿险）: What is the sum assured? 人寿保险额是多少? 4 (idm 习语) rest assured => rest1. assured (also self-assured) adj. confident 自信的; 有把握的: His public speaking manner is still not very assured. 他演讲的神态还显出有点缺乏自信. assuredly / E5FR:rIdlI; ?@ E5FUErEdlI; E`FJrIdlI/ adv (arch 古) certainly 确定地; 肯定地. the assured n. (pl unchanged 复数不变) person who has an assurance policy on his life 已保寿险 的人. AST / 9eI es 5ti:; 9e Zs `ti/ abbr 缩写= (in Canada) Atlantic Standard Time （用于加拿大）大西洋 标准时间. astatine / 5AstEti:n; `AstE9tin/ n [U] (chemistry 化) artificial radioactive element 刞（人工放射性元 素）. =>App 10 见附录10. aster / 5AstE(r); `AstL/ n garden plant similar to the daisy with flowers that have a yellow centre and white, pink or purple petals 紫菀（雏菊状园艺植物, 花中央呈黄色, 花瓣为白色, 粉红色或紫色）. asterisk / 5AstErIsk; `AstE9rIsk/ n star-shaped symbol (*) used in writing and printing to call attention to sth, eg a footnote, or to show that letters are omitted, as in Mr J*n*s for Mr Jones 星号（即 *, 用 于书写及印刷中以引起注意, 例如有脚注或有省略的字母, 如以Mr J*n*s 代表Mr Jones）. asterisk v. [Tn] mark (a word, phrase, etc) with an asterisk 用星号标出（词语等）: The asterisked questions may be omitted. 带星号的问题可以略去. astern / E5st\:n; E`st[n/ adv 1 in, at or towards the stern of a ship or the tail of an aircraft 在或向船 或飞行器的尾部. 2 (of a ship) backwards （指船）向后: Full speed astern! 全速后退! astern of prep. behind (another ship) 在（另一船）的后面: They fell astern of us, ie moved into position behind us. 他们落在我们船的后面. asteroid / 5AstErRId; `AstE9rRId/ n any of many small planets revolving round the sun, esp between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter （尤指火星和木星轨道间运行的）小行星. asthma / 5AsmE; ?@ 5AzmE; `AzmE/ n [U] chronic chest illness causing wheezing and difficulty in breathing 气喘; 哮喘. asthmatic / As5mtIk; ?@ Az-; Az`mAtIk/ adj of or suffering from asthma 气喘的; 患气喘病的: asthmatic pains 气喘疼痛* an asthmatic child 患气喘病的儿童. n person suffering from asthma 气喘病患者. astigmatism / E5stIgmEtIzEm; E`stI-mE9tIzEm/ n [U] defect in an eye or a lens that prevents correct focusing （眼睛）散光, 乱视; （透镜）像散性, 像散现象. astigmatic / 9AstIg5mAtIk; 9AstI-`mAtIk/ adj. astir / E5st\:(r); E`st[/ adv, adj [pred 作表语] 1 in a state of excited movement 处于激动状态: News of the Queen's visit set the whole town astir. 女王到访的消息轰动全城. 2 (dated 旧) out of bed 起床: He's never astir before 10 o'clock. 他从不在10 点钟以前起床. astonish / E5stCnIF; E`stBnIF/ v [Tn] surprise (sb) greatly 使（某人）惊讶, 吃惊, 震惊: The news astonished everyone. 这消息使大家感到惊讶. * It astonishes me that no one has thought of this before. 以前谁也没想到这一点, 使我感到惊讶. * He was astonished to hear he had got the job. 他 听到获得了那份工作而感到惊讶. astonished adj. [usu pred 通常作表语] very surprised 感到惊讶; 吃惊: She looked astonished when she heard the news. 她听到那消息显得很吃惊. astonishing adj. very surprising 使人惊讶的; 惊人的: I find it quite astonishing that none of you liked the play. 我感到惊讶的是你们谁都不喜欢那个剧. * There were an astonishing number of applicants for the job. 申请这份工作的人数多得惊人. astonishingly adv. astonishment n. [U] great surprise 惊讶; 惊奇: Imagine my astonishment when Peter walked in! 你 可以想像, 当彼得进来的时候, 我是多么惊奇. * To my astonishment it had completely disappeared. 使我惊讶的是, 它消失得无影无踪了. * He looked at me in astonishment. 他惊奇地看著我. astound / E5staUnd; E`staJnd/ v [Tn usu passive 通常用于被动语态] overcome (sb) with surprise or shock; amaze 使震惊; 使大吃一惊; 使惊奇: We were astounded to read your letter. 我们看了你的 信大吃一惊. astounding adj. amazing 使人震惊的: The figures revealed by the report are astounding. 这份报告 透露的数字使人震惊. astrakhan / 9AstrE5kn; ?@ 5AstrEkEn; `AstrEkEn/ n [U] (a) skin of young lambs with tightly-curled wool 阿斯特拉罕羔皮; 俄国羔皮 (b) material imitating this 仿羔皮的织物: [attrib 作定语] an astrakhan hat 阿斯特拉罕羔皮帽. astral / 5AstrEl; `AstrEl/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] of or from the stars 星的; 从星球来的: an astral body 星星* astral beams 星光. astray / E5streI; E`stre/ adv 1 away from the right path or direction 歧途; 迷路: The misleading sign led me astray. 那个标志误人使我迷了路. * (fig 比喻) He had been led astray by undesirable friends. 他被损友引入歧途. 2 (idm 习语) go a`stray become mislaid 误置; 被放错地方: Have you seen my book? It seems to have gone astray. 你看见我的书了吗? 不知道搁哪儿了. astride / E5straId; E`straId/ adv 1 with one leg on each side 跨著地; 骑著地: Ladies ride horses by sitting astride or side-saddle. 女子骑马可以跨骑也可以坐横鞍. 2 with legs wide apart 双腿劈得 很大. astride prep. with one leg on each side of (sth) 跨著; 骑著: sitting astride a horse, a gate, sb's knee 骑在马上, 大门上, 某人的膝上. astringent / E5strIndVEnt; E`strIndVEnt/ n substance, used medically or in cosmetics, that makes skin or body tissue contract and so stops bleeding 收敛剂; 止血药. astringent adj. 1 of or having the effect of an astringent; styptic 收敛的; 止血的. 2 (fig 比喻) harsh; severe 严厉的; 严酷的: astringent criticism 严厉的批评. astringency / E5strIndVEnsI; E`strIndVEnsI/ n [U]. astro- : comb form 构词成分of the stars or outer space 星的; 外太空的: astronaut * astrology. astrolabe / 5AstrEleIb; `AstrE9leb/ n (formerly) instrument used for measuring the altitude of the sun, stars, etc 星盘（旧时用以测量太阳, 星星等的高度的仪器）. astrology / E5strClEdVI; E`strBlEdVI/ n [U] study of the positions of the stars and movements of the planets in the belief that they influence human affairs 占星术（对命星位置和行星运行的研究, 认为 可影响人类事务）. Cf 参看 horoscope, zodiac. astrologer / -EdVE(r); -EdVL/ n person who is an expert in astrology 占星家. astrological / 9AstrE5lCdVIkl; 9AstrE`lBdVIkl/ adj. astronaut / 5AstrEnR:t; `AstrE9nRt/ n person who travels in a spacecraft 宇航员; 航天员; 太空人: a rocket manned by trained astronauts 载有受过训练的宇航员的火箭. astronautics / 9AstrE5nR:tIks; 9AstrE`nRtIks/ n [sing v] science and technology of space travel 航 天学; 太空飞行学. astronomy / E5strCnEmI; E`strBnEmI/ n [U] scientific study of the sun, moon, stars, planets, etc 天文 学. astronomer / -nEmE(r); -nEmL/ n person who studies or is an expert in astronomy 天文学者; 天文 学家. astronomical / 9AstrE5nCmIkl; 9AstrE`nBmIkl/ adj 1 of astronomy 天文学的. 2 (infml 口) very large in amount, size, etc 极大的; 庞大的: He's been offered an astronomical salary. 有人出巨 额薪水聘请他. astrophysics / 9AstrEU5fIzIks; 9Astro`fIzIks/ n [sing v] branch of astronomy dealing with the physics and chemistry of the stars, planets, etc 天体物理学. astute / E5stju:t; ?@ E5stu:t; E`stut/ adj clever and quick at seeing how to gain an advantage; shrewd 精明的; 机敏的; 狡诈的: an astute lawyer, businessman, judge of character, etc 干练的律师, 精明 的商人, 知人之明* It was an astute move to sell just before prices went down. 正好在价格下跌前 脱手, 真是精明之举. astutely adv. astuteness n. [U]. asunder / E5sQndE(r); E`sQndL/ adv (dated or fml 旧或文) into pieces; apart 碎; 散: families torn asunder by the revolution 被革命拆散的家庭* The house was ripped asunder by the explosion. 房 子被炸得粉碎. asylum / E5saIlEm; E`saIlEm/ n 1 (a) [U] safety; refuge 安全; 庇护: ask for/be granted political asylum, ie protection given to a political refugee by a foreign country 请求[准予]政治避难（外国给 予政治难民的保护）. (b) [C] place of safety or refuge 庇护所; 避难所. 2 [C] (dated 旧) hospital for the care of mentally ill or destitute people 精神病院; 收容所. asymmetric / 9eIsI5metrIk; 9esI`mZtrIk/ (also asymmetrical / -Ikl; -Ikl/) adj not having parts that correspond to each other in size, shape, etc; lacking symmetry 不对称的: Most people's faces are asymmetrical. 多数人的脸并不对称. at / Et; Et; strong form 强读式t; At/ prep 1 (a) (indicating a point in space 指空间的某一点): at the end of the runway 在跑道的尽头* at the corner of the street 在街道的拐角* go in at the side door 从旁门进入* change at Didcot 在迪德考特转换* arrive at the airport 到达飞机场 * At the roundabout take the third exit. 在环状交叉路口从第三条出路驶出. * I'll be at home (ie not at work, school, church, etc) all morning. 我一上午都在家. (b) (used with the name of a building, esp with reference to the activities going on inside 与建筑物名称连用, 尤指其中进行的活动): She's at the theatre, cinema, etc, ie watching a play, film, etc. 她在戏院,, 电影院里等（看戏, 看电影等） * She works at the hospital. 她在医院工作. * He's at (ie staying at) the Grand Hotel. 他住在格兰德大旅馆. (c) among those who attend 在参加者中: at a concert, conference, match, etc 参加音乐会, 会议, 比赛等. (d) (used with the name of a person + 's to refer to that person's home or place of work 与人 名+'s 连用, 指其家或工作处): They're at Keith's. 他们在基思家. * I was at my father's. 我先前在 我父亲处. * They didn't have any bread at the baker's. 面包店那时没有面包. (e) (indicating place of employment or study 指受雇的或学习的处所): He's been at the bank longer than anyone else. 他 在银行工作时期比别人都长. * I'm at the head office. 我在总公司工作. * her three years at Oxford 她在牛津三年求学期间 (Cf 参看spend three days in Oxford as a tourist). 2 (a) (indicating a point in time 指时间的某一点): start, meet, leave, etc at 2 o'clock 在2 时开始, 会见, 离开等 * at 3.15/a quarter past 3 在3 点15 分[3 时1 刻] * He is to be shot at dawn. 定于黎明将他枪决. * I didn't know he was dead at the time of speaking, ie when I spoke. 我讲话时不知道他已死亡. * At the moment you called I was in the garden shed. 你来电话时我正在花园的小屋. * at the end of the holiday 假日的终结. (b) (indicating a period of time 指一段时间): At night you can see the stars. 夜晚可以看到星星. * What are you doing at (US on) the weekend? 你在周末做什么? * take a few days' holiday at Christmas, Easter, Whitsun, etc 在圣诞节, 复活节, 圣灵降临节等休几天假. (c) (used to indicate the age at which sb does sth 用以指某人做某事时的年龄): She got married at 55. 她55 岁时结婚. * You can retire at 60. 60 岁时可以退休. * He left school at (the age of) 16. 他16 （岁）时中学毕业. =>Usage at time1 用法见time1. 3 (a) in the direction of or towards (sb/sth) 向 或朝（某人[某物]）的方向: aim the ball at the hole 将球对准那个洞* direct one's advertising at a wider audience 将宣传面向范围更大的群众* smile, grin, stare, wave, etc at sb 对著某人微笑, 咧 著嘴笑, 凝视, 挥手等* A man with a gun was shooting at the crowd. 有一持枪男子向人群射击. * The dog rushed at me, wagging its tail. 那狗摇晃著尾巴朝我奔来. * She shouted at me but I couldn't hear. 她冲著我喊叫, 可是我并没听见. * throw stones at the can in the water, ie trying to hit it 用石块向水中的罐扔去（想打中它）. (b) (used to show that sb tries to do sth but does not succeed or complete it 用以表示某人尽力做某事物却未做成或未做完): clutch at a rope 去抓绳索 * guess at the meaning 猜测意思* She nibbled at a sandwich, ie ate only tiny portions. 她咬了几口三明治. 4 (indicating the distance away from sth 指离某事物的距离): Can you read a car number-plate at fifty metres? 你能在离汽车五十米远处看清车牌号码吗? * hold sth at arm's length 伸直胳膊握住 某物. 5 (indicating a state, condition or continuous activity 指某状态, 情形或持续的活动): at war with their neighbours 与他们的邻国交战* stand at ease, ie in a relaxed position 稍息（休息的姿 势）* put sb at risk 置某人于危险地位* children at play 玩耍著的儿童* She's at work in the garden. 她正在花园, 干活儿. 6 (a) (indicating a rate, price, speed, etc 指比率, 价格, 速度等): House prices are rising at a higher rate than inflation. 房价比通货膨胀上涨的比率高. * I bought this coat at half-price/at 50% discount. 我用半价[5 折]买的这件外衣. * driving at 70 mph 以每小时70 英里的速度驾驶. (b) (indicating order or frequency 指顺序或频率): at the first attempt 初次尝试 * at two-minute intervals, ie once every two minutes 每隔两分钟. 7 in response to (sth) 对（某事物） 回应: attend the dinner at the chairman's invitation 应主席之邀赴宴* at the king's command 奉国 王之命. 8 (used with his, her, our, etc and a superlative adj 与 his, her, our 等及形容词的最高级连 用): This was Torvill and Dean at their best. 这是托维尔和迪安的最佳表现. * The garden's at its most beautiful in June. 花园在六月份最美丽. * an example of British craftsmanship at its finest 英 国手工艺的瑰宝. 9 (used after many adjs and ns 用于许多形容词和名词之后): good, clever, skilled, etc at restoring furniture, etc 善于, 精于, 长于翻修家具等* hopeless at (playing) chess 对 （下）国际象棋不堪造就* She's a genius at doing crossword puzzles. 她做纵横填字游戏是一绝. * busy at their homework 都在忙著做功课* impatient at the delay 因耽搁而不耐烦* amused at the cartoons 对著连环画乐不可支* delighted at the result 对结果满心欢喜 * puzzled at her silence 对她的缄默大惑不解* his anger at being beaten 他被击败时的气恼. 10 (idm 习 语) ,where it's `at (infml 口) place or activity that is very popular or fashionable 热闹的或时髦的场 所或活动: Judging by the crowds waiting to get in this seems to be where it's at. 　?i 从争先恐后等 待进去的人群来看, 这似乎是个热闹去处. (For idioms such as at hand, at once, at a low ebb, etc see entries at hand1, once, low1, etc. at hand, at once, at a low ebb 等习语, 见hand1, once, low1.) at-home / Et 5hEUm; Et`hom/ n (dated 旧) informal party in sb's home, to which guests may come at any time within certain hours 家庭招待会（在家庭内举行的非正式的聚会, 客人可在规定的若干 小时内随时光临）. atavism / 5AtEvIzEm; `AtE9vIzEm/ n [U] reappearance in a person of a characteristic or quality that has not been seen in his family for many generations 返祖现象. Cf 参看 throw-back (throw 1). atavistic / 9tE5vIstIk; 9AtE`vIstIk/ adj: an atavistic urge 返祖倾向. ate pt of eat. -ate suff 后缀1 (with ns forming adjs 与名词结合构成形容词) full of or showing a specified quality 富于或显示某性质: affectionate * passionate * Italianate. 2 (forming ns 用以构成名词) (a) (group of people with a) status or function （有某种）身分或职务（的团体）: electorate * doctorate. (b) (chemistry 化) salt formed by the action of a particular acid 由某种酸的作用而形成的盐: sulphate * nitrate. 3 (with ns and adjs forming vs 与名词和形容词结合构成动词) give (to sth) the specified thing or quality 给予（某事物）某物或某性质: hyphenate * chlorinate * activate. -ately ( forming advs 用以构成副词): affectionately. atelier / E5telIeI; ?@ 9Atl5jeI; `Atl9je/ n artist's studio or workshop （艺术家的）工作室或制作室. atheism / 5eIWIIzEm; `eWI9IzEm/ n [U] belief that there is no God 无神论. atheist / 5eIWIIst; `eWIIst/ n person who believes that there is no God 无神论者. Cf 参看 heathen, pagan. atheistic / 9eIWI5IstIk; 9eWI`IstIk/ adj. athlete / 5AWli:t; `AWlit/ n 1 person who trains to compete in physical exercises and sports, esp running and jumping 运动员, 体育家（尤指跑和跳项目）. 2 person who has the strength and skill to perform well at sports 在运动方面有体力和技巧的人; 健儿: Most first-class footballers are natural athletes. 多数一流的足球运动员都是天生的健将. athlete's foot ( infml 口) fungous disease of the feet 脚癣. athletic / AW5letIk; AW`lZtIk/ adj 1 [attrib 作定语] of athletes or athletics 运动员的; 运动的: an athletic club 运动员俱乐部* athletic sports 体育运动. 2 physically strong, healthy and active 体 格健壮而活跃的: an athletic figure 健壮的体格* She looks very athletic. 她看起来很健美. athletics / AW5letIks; AW`lZtIks/ n [sing v] physical exercises and competitive sports, esp running and jumping 体育运动（尤指跑和跳）: [attrib 作定语] an athletics meeting 运动会. =>App 4 见附录 4. athwart / E5WwR:t; E`WwRrt/ adv, prep (esp nautical 尤用于航海) obliquely across (sth); from one side to the other side (of) 横跨著; 横穿过; 从一边到另一边: The ship was anchored athwart the harbour mouth. 轮船横著停泊在港口 . -ation => -ion. atishoo / E5tIFu:; E`tIFu/ interj (indicating the sound made by sb sneezing) 阿嚏（打喷嚏的声音）. -ative suff 后缀(with vs forming adjs 与动词结合构成形容词) doing or tending to do (sth) 与做（某事 物）有...关系的; 有...倾向的; 有...性质的: illustrative * imitative * talkative. -atively ( forming advs 用以构成副词): quantitatively. atlas / 5AtlEs; `AtlEs/ n book of maps 地图集; 地图册. atmosphere / 5AtmEsfIE(r); `AtmEs9fIr/ n 1 (a) the atmosphere [sing] the mixture of gases that surrounds the earth 大气, 大气层（包围地球的气体）. (b) [C] mixture of gases that surrounds any planet or star 包围任何星球的气体: the moon's atmosphere 月球周围的气体* an atmosphere that supports life 可以维持生命的气体. 2 [sing] air in or around a place 某一地方的空气: The atmosphere is very stuffy in here can we open a window? 这的空气很闷--咱们能把窗户打开吗? 3 [sing] feeling in the mind that is created by a group of people or a place; mood 气氛; 情绪: An atmosphere of tension filled the room. 屋子笼罩著紧张的气氛. * The atmosphere changed as soon as she walked in. 她一进来气氛就变了. * The atmosphere over dinner was warm and friendly. 用餐 时洋溢著热情友好的气氛. atmospheric / 9AtmEs5ferIk; 9AtmEs`fZrIk/ adj 1 of or related to the atmosphere 大气的; 大气层 的: unusual atmospheric conditions 异常的大气状态. 2 creating an atmosphere(3) 制造气氛的: atmospheric lighting 制造气氛的灯光. atmospherics n. [pl] (a) electrical disturbances in the atmosphere 天电. (b) interference or crackling sounds on radios, etc caused by these 天电干扰（由天电造成的对无线电等的干扰或杂音）. atmospheric pressure pressure at a point due to the weight of the column of air above it 大气压力. atoll / 5AtCl; `AtBl/ n ring-shaped coral reef enclosing a lagoon 环状珊瑚岛; 环礁. atom / 5AtEm; `AtEm/ n 1 (a) [C] smallest part of an element that can exist chemically 原子: Two atoms of hydrogen combine with one atom of oxygen to form a molecule of water. 两个氢原子和一 个氧原子结合而形成一个水分子. (b) [sing] this as a source of energy 原子能: the power of the atom 原子动力 * [attrib 作定语] an atom scientist 原子能专家. 2 [C] very small quantity or thing 极微小的量或事物: The tower was blown to atoms by the force of the explosion. 爆炸的力量把塔 炸得粉碎. * There isn't an atom of truth in the rumour. 谣言中没有丝毫的真实性. atom bomb = atomic bomb (atomic). atomic / E5tCmIk; E`tBmIk/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] of an atom or atoms 原子的: atomic physics 原子物理学* atomic warfare, ie using atomic bombs 原子战争（即使用原子弹的）. atomic bomb (also A-bomb, atom bomb) bomb whose explosive power comes from the rapid release of nuclear energy 原子弹. atomic energy energy obtained as the result of nuclear fission 原子能. atomic number number of protons in the nucleus of an atom 原子序数. atomic pile early type of nuclear reactor 原子反应堆. atomic weight (also relative atomic mass) ratio between the mass of one atom of an element and one-twelfth of the weight of an atom of carbon 12 原子量（某元素的一个原子的质量与十二分之一的碳12 原子量的比值）. atomize, atomise / 5AtEmaIz; `AtEm9aIz/ v [Tn] reduce (sth) to atoms or fine particles 使（某物）分 裂成原子或微粒; 使雾化. atomizer, -iser n. device for producing a fine spray from a liquid, eg perfume 喷雾器（如喷香水的 器具）. atonal / eI5tEUnl; e`tonl/ adj (music 音) not written in any key or system of scales (scale2 6) 无调的; 不成调的. atonality / 9eItEU5nAlEtI; 9eto`nAlEtI/ n [U]. atone / E5tEUn; E`ton/ v [I, Ipr] ~ (for sth) (fml 文) act in a way that compensates for a previous wrong, error, etc 补（过）; 赎（罪）: atone for a crime, a sin, one's mistakes, one's bad behaviour, etc 抵罪, 赎罪, 弥补过错, 补救不良行为等* I have treated you unkindly how can I atone (for it)? 我一向待你很刻薄--我怎么才能赔罪呢? atonement n. 1 [C, U] (fml 文) act of atoning 补偿（过失）; 赔礼; 赔罪; 谢罪: He sent her some flowers in atonement for his earlier rudeness. 他因自己先前的粗鲁而向她献花赔罪. 2 the Atonement [sing] the suffering and death of Christ to atone for the sins of mankind 耶稣为替世人赎 罪而承受的苦难及其死亡. atop / E5tCp; E`tBp/ prep (dated or rhet 旧或修辞) at or on the top of (sth) 在...顶上: a seagull perched atop the mast 停歇在桅杆顶上的海鸥. -ator suff 后缀(with vs forming ns 与动词结合构成名词) person or thing that performs the specified action 做某动作的人或事物: creator * percolator. atrocious / E5trEUFEs; E`troFEs/ adj 1 very wicked, cruel or shocking 恶毒的; 残忍的; 残暴的: atrocious crimes, injuries, acts of brutality, etc 残暴的罪行, 伤害, 兽行等. 2 (infml 口) very bad or unpleasant 恶劣的; 讨厌的: speak English with an atrocious accent 用难听的口音说英语 * Isn't the weather atrocious? 天气真糟透了, 是吧? atrociously adv. atrociousness n. [U]. atrocity / E5trCsEtI; E`trBsEtI/ n (a) [U] great wickedness or cruelty 恶毒; 残忍; 残暴: I am shocked by the atrocity of this man's crimes. 这个人行凶手段残忍狠毒使我震惊. (b) [C esp pl 尤 作复数] very wicked or cruel act 暴行: Many atrocities are committed on innocent people in wartime. 战争期间无辜百姓横遭蹂躏. atrophy / 5AtrEfI; `AtrEfI/ n [U] wasting away of the body or part of it through lack of nourishment or use （身体或身体某部因缺乏营养或不常使用而）萎缩: (fig 比喻) The cultural life of the country will sink into atrophy unless more writers and artists emerge. 除非能多涌现出一些作家和艺术家, 否则这个国家的文化生活将枯萎衰退. atrophy v. (pt, pp -ied) [I, Tn] (cause sth to) suffer atrophy （使某事物）萎缩: atrophied limbs, muscles 萎缩的肢体, 肌肉. attach / E5tAtF; E`tAtF/ v 1 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (to sth) fasten or join sth (to sth) 将某物系在, 缚在 或附在（另一物）上: a house with a garage attached 带有车房的房子* attach a label to each piece of luggage 每件行李上都加上标签* a document attached to a letter (with a pin) 信中（用别针）附 一文件* Attached (ie Attached to this letter) you will find.... 随信附上.... Cf 参看 detach 1. 2 [Tn.pr] (a) ~ oneself to sb/sth join sb/sth as a (sometimes unwelcome or uninvited) companion or member （有时指不受欢迎或未受邀请而）依附某人[参加某事]: A young man attached himself to me at the party and I couldn't get rid of him. 聚会中有个小青年总缠著我, 我也甩不开他. * I attached myself to a group of tourists entering the museum. 我随著一队游客混入了博物馆. (b) ~ sb to sb/sth (esp passive 尤用于被动语态) assign sb to (a person or group) for special duties 将某人派 给（一人或一组织）去执行某任务; 使隶属于: You'll be attached to this department until the end of the year. 你在年底前将暂属于这一部门. 3 (a) [Tn.pr] ~ sth to sth connect sth with sth; attribute sth to sth 将某事物与另一事物相联系; 将某事物归于另一事物: Do you attach any importance to what he said? 你认为他说的话重要吗? (b) [Ipr] ~ to sb (fml 文) be connected with or attributable to sb 与某人相关联; 归于某人: No blame attaches to you in this affair. 这件事不怪你. 4[Tn] (law 律) take or seize (sb or sb's property) by legal authority 逮捕（某人）; 扣押, 查封（某人的财物）. 5 (idm 习语) no strings attached/without strings => string1. attached adj. [pred 作表语] ~ (to sb/sth) full of affection for sb/sth 依恋, 爱慕, 留恋某人[某事 物]: I've never seen two people so attached (to each other). 我从没见过两个人（彼此）这样如胶似 漆. * We've grown very attached to this house and would hate to move. 我们十分留恋这所房子, 真 舍不得搬家. attachment n. 1 [U] action of attaching; being attached 附著; 附属; 附带: She's on attachment to (ie temporarily working in) the Ministry of Defence. 她暂时隶属于国防部. 2 [C] thing that is or can be attached 附属物; 附件: an electric drill with a range of different attachments 带有各种配件 的电钻. 3 [U] ~ (to/for sb/sth) affection; devotion 依恋; 眷恋; 留恋: feel a strong attachment to one's family 十分恋家. 4 [U] (law 律) seizing sb's property, etc with legal authority 扣押或查封 某人的财物. attache / E5tAFeI; ?@ 9AtE5FeI; 9AtE`Fe/ n person attached to an ambassador's staff with a particular responsibility 使馆随员; 使馆职员: the naval/military/air/press attache 海军武官[陆军武官/空军武 官/新闻参事]. attache case small rectangular case for carrying documents, etc 公文包. attack / E5tAk; E`tAk/ n 1 [C, U] ~ (on sb/sth) violent attempt to hurt, overcome or defeat sb/sth 伤 害; 攻击; 进攻; 攻打: make an attack on the enemy, bridge, town 向敌人, 桥梁, 城镇进攻 * the victim of a terrorist attack 恐怖分子攻击的受害者* Our troops are now on the attack. 我们的部队 正在进攻. * The patrol came under attack from all sides. 巡逻队遭到来自四面八方的攻击. * (saying 谚) Attack is the best form of defence. 进攻是最好的防御. 2 [C, U] ~ (on sb/sth) strong criticism in speech or writing 抨击; 非难: an attack on the Government's policies 对政府政策的抨 击. 3 [C] ~ (on sth) vigorous attempt to deal with sth 对某事物奋力著手处理; 动手: an all-out attack on poverty, unemployment, etc 全力著手解决贫困, 失业等问题. 4 [C] sudden start of an illness, etc （疾病等突然的）侵袭, 发作: an attack of asthma, flu, malaria, hiccups, nerves, etc 气喘, 流感, 疟疾, 呃逆, 神经质等发作 * a `heart attack 心脏病发作 * (fig 比喻) an attack of the giggles 一阵咯咯的傻笑. 5 [U] (esp vigorous) way of beginning sth （尤指强有力的）开始某事 物: This piece of music needs to be played with more attack. 这段乐曲的开始部分要演奏得更加雄 壮有力. 6 [C usu sing 通常作单数] (sport 体) (players who are in the) position of trying to score in a game, eg of football or cricket （在如足球或板球比赛中处于可得分的）进攻位置（的运动员）: England's attack has been weakened by the injury of certain key players. 英格兰队某些主力运动员 受伤而使攻球削弱. * We must move more players into the attack. 我们要多调配运动员到攻球区. attack v. 1 [I, Tn] make an attack on (sb/sth) 攻击; 进攻; 袭击: They decided to attack at night. 他们决定夜晚进攻. * attack a neighbouring country 攻击邻国* A woman was attacked and robbed by a gang of youths. 有一妇女遭到一群青年的袭击和抢劫. 2 [Tn] criticize (sb/sth) severely 抨击: a newspaper article attacking the Prime Minister 报纸上抨击首相的文章. 3 [Tn] begin to deal with (sth) vigorously; tackle 奋力著手处理（某事物）; 对付: The Government is making no attempt to attack unemployment. 政府无意解决失业问题. * Shall we attack the washing-up? 咱们动手洗碗碟 好吗? * They attacked their meal with gusto. 他们大吃大喝. 4 [Tn] act harmfully on (sth/sb) 侵袭, 腐蚀（某事物[某人]）: a disease that attacks the brain 侵袭大脑的疾病* Rust attacks metals. 锈能 腐蚀金属. attacker n person who attacks 攻击者; 进攻者; 抨击者. attain / E5teIn; E`ten/ v 1 [Tn] succeed in getting (sth); achieve 获得（某事物）; 达到; 实现: attain a position of power 获得权位* attain one's goal, objective, ambition, etc 实现目的, 目标, 抱负等 * attain our target of50000 达到我们的50000 英镑的目标. 2 [Ipr, Tn] ~ (to) sth (usu fml 通常作 文雅语) reach or arrive at sth, esp with effort 达到, 到达某事物（尤指经过努力）: He attained the age of 25 before marrying. 他年届廿五始完婚. attainable adj. that can be attained 可获得; 可达到的; 可实现的: These objectives are certainly attainable. 这些目标一定可以达到. attainment n. 1 [U] success in reaching 达到; 到达: The attainment of her ambitions was still a dream. 她要实现抱负仍是一种梦想. 2 [C usu pl 通常作复数] thing attained, esp skill or knowledge 成就; 造诣: a scholar of the highest attainments 造诣极高的学者. attar / 5AtE(r); `AtL/ n [U] fragrant oil obtained from flowers 香精: attar of roses 玫瑰油. attempt / E5tempt; E`tZmpt/ v [Tn, Tt] make an effort to accomplish (sth); try (to do sth) 尝试; 努力; 试图: The prisoners attempted an escape/to escape, but failed. 囚犯企图逃跑, 但是失败了. * Don't attempt the impossible. 不要试图做不可能的事. * He was charged with attempted robbery. 他被控 以意图抢劫罪. * All candidates must attempt Questions 1-5. 所有考生均须回答第15 题. * They are attempting (to climb) the steepest part of the mountain. 他们努力攀登这座山的最陡的部分. * She will attempt to beat the world record. 她决心要打破世界纪录. attempt n. 1 ~ (to do sth/at doing sth) act of attempting sth 试图; 企图; 尝试: They made no attempt to escape/at escaping. 他们并未图谋逃跑. * My early attempts at learning to drive were unsuccessful. 我曾经几次打算学开车, 却都没有学成. * They failed in all their attempts to climb the mountain. 他们攀登那座山的一切尝试都失败了. 2 ~ (at sth) thing produced by sb trying to do or make sth 试图做某事物而得到的产物: My first attempt at a chocolate cake tasted horrible. 我首 次试做的巧克力蛋糕难吃极了. 3 ~ (on sth) effort to improve on or end sth; attack 对改进或结束 某事物所做的努力; 攻击; 袭击: the latest attempt on the world land speed record 为创造世界陆上 速度纪录所做的最新尝试* An attempt was made on the Pope's life. 有人策划杀害教皇. attend / E5tend; E`tZnd/ v 1 [I, Ipr] ~ (to sb/sth) apply one's mind steadily; give careful thought 专 心; 仔细考虑: Why weren't you attending when I explained before? 我以前解释的时候, 你怎么不 注意听呢? * Attend to your work and stop talking. 专心工作, 不要说话. 2 [Ipr] ~ to sb/sth give practical consideration to sb/sth 照顾, 关照某人[某事物]: A nurse attends to his needs. 有个护士照 顾他. * Are you being attended to (eg said by an assistant to a customer in a shop)? 有人接待您吗 （如店员问顾客）? * Could you attend to (ie deal with) this matter immediately? 你能不能立刻处理 这件事? 3 [Tn] take care of (sb); look after 照看（某人）; 照料; 看护: Dr Smith attended her in hospital. 史密斯医生在医院中给她治病. 4 [Tn] go regularly to (a place); be present at 照例去（某 处）; 出席: attend school, church, etc 上学, 上教堂等* They had a quiet wedding only a few friends attended (it). 他们的婚礼静悄悄的--只有几个朋友参加. * The meeting was well attended, ie Many people were there. 有很多人出席会议. 5 [Tn] (fml 文) be with (sb/sth); accompany 伴随 （某人[某事物]）; 陪伴: The Queen was attended by her ladies-in-waiting. 女王由宫廷女侍陪伴. * (fig 比喻) May good fortune attend you! 祝你红运当头! attender n. person who attends (attend 4) 参加者; 出席者: She's a regular attender at evening classes. 她上夜校一贯按时出席. attendance / E5tendEns; E`tZndEns/ n 1 [U, C] action or time of being present 出席; 到场; 参加: Attendance at evening prayers is not compulsory. 参加晚祷并非硬性规定. * You have missed several attendances this term. 这学期你有几次缺席. 2 [C] number of people present 出席人数: They're expecting a large attendance at the meeting. 他们希望有很多人出席这次会议. * Attendances have increased since we reduced the price of tickets. 我们降低了票价, 到场的人就多 起来了. 3 (idm 习语) dance attendance on sb => dance2. in attendance (on sb) present in order to look after, protect or serve sb 护理; 卫护; 服侍: A nurse was in constant attendance. 有个护士随时 护理. * The President always has six bodyguards in close attendance. 总统有六名警卫员时时刻刻 在左右保卫. attendance allowance ( Brit) money paid by the state to sb who cares for a severely disabled relative, etc （国家付给因护理严重伤残的亲友的）护理津贴. attendance centre ( Brit) place where young offenders must go regularly for supervision, as an alternative to being sent to prison 少年教导所. attendant / E5tendEnt; E`tZndEnt/ n 1 person whose job is to provide a service in a public place 服 务员; 侍者: a cloakroom, swimming-pool, museum, etc attendant 衣帽间, 游泳池, 博物馆等处的 服务员. 2 (esp pl 尤作复数) servant or companion 随员; 陪侍: the queen's attendants 女王的侍 从. attendant adj. [attrib 作定语] accompanying 伴随的; 陪从的: an attendant nurse 专责护士 * attendant circumstances 附带情况* famine and its attendant diseases 饥荒及随之而来的疾病. attention / E5tenFn; E`tZnFEn/ n 1 [U] action of applying one's mind to sth/sb or noticing sth/sb 注 意; 专心; 留心: call sb's attention to sth 叫[引起]某人注意某事* Please pay attention (ie listen carefully) (to what I am saying). 请注意（我说的话）. * She turned her attention to a new problem. 她把注意力转移到一个新问题上. * Our attention was held throughout his long talk. 我们始终专心 听著他的长篇大论. * You must give your full attention to what you are doing. 你必须全神贯注地做 你所做的事. * I keep trying to attract the waiter's attention. 我不断示意招呼服务员. * It has been brought to my attention (ie I have been informed) that.... 我已获悉.... 2 [U] special care or action; practical consideration 特别的照顾或处理; 实际的考虑: He gives all his attention to his car. 他十 分关心他的汽车. * This letter is for the attention of the manager. 这封信是要经理亲自处理的. * The roof needs attention, ie to be repaired. 屋顶需要修理了. 3 [C usu pl 通常作复数] (fml 文) kind or thoughtful act 厚待; 殷勤: He showed his concern for his sick mother by his many little attentions. 他对病中的母亲表现了无微不至的关心. 4 [U] soldier's drill position, standing upright with feet together and arms stretched downwards (used esp in the expressions shown) 立正的姿势 （尤用于以下示例）: come to/stand at attention 立正. Cf 参看ease1 2. 5 (idm 习语) catch sb's attention/eye => catch1. draw attention to sth => draw2. give one's undivided attention; get/have sb's undivided attention => undivided. snap to attention => snap. > attention interj 1 (calling people to listen to an announcement, etc 招唤人们注意听通告等): Attention, please! The bus will leave in ten minutes. 请注意! 公共汽车十分钟后开. * Attention all shipping, motorists, housewives.... 所有船 舶, 机动车驾驶员, 家庭主妇请注意.... 2 (also infml 口语亦作 shun / FQn; FQn/) (ordering soldiers to come to attention(4) 命令士兵立正.) attentive / E5tentIv; E`tZntIv/ adj ~ (to sb/sth) giving attention (to sb/sth); alert and watchful （对某人 [某事物]）注意的; 留心的; 警惕的: an attentive audience 聚精会神的听众[观众] * A good hostess is always attentive to the needs of her guests. 好客的女主人能随时留心客人的需要. > attentively adv: listening attentively to the speaker 专心地听著演讲人的话. attenuate / E5tenjUeIt; E`tZnjJ9et/ v [Tn] (fml 文) 1 make (sth/sb) thin or slender 使（某事物[某 人]）变细或变瘦: attenuated limbs 枯瘦如柴的四肢. 2 (esp law 尤用于法律) reduce the force or value of (sth); weaken 减弱（某事物）的力量; 降低（某事物）的价值; 弱化: attenuating circumstances, ie facts that weaken the strength of an argument 情有可原的情形（可使辩论的强度 减轻的事实）. attenuation / E9tenjU5eIFn; E9tZnjJ`eFEn/ n [U]. attest / E5test; E`tZst/ v (fml 文) 1 [Ipr, Tn] ~ (to) sth be or give clear proof of sth 作为或提供某事 物的明证: His handling of the crisis attested to his strength of character. 他对危机的处理证明了他 性格坚强. * Her outstanding abilities were attested by her rapid promotion. 她杰出的才干已经由她 获得迅速提升而得到证明. * These papers attest the fact that.... 这些文件证明了这一事实.... 2 [Tn] declare (sth) to be true or genuine; be a witness to (sth) 声称（某事物）属实或是真的; 作为（某 事物）的见证: attest a signature 对签字作见证. attestation / 9te5steIFn; 9AtZs`teFEn/ n [U, C]. attested adj. (Brit) certified to be free from disease, esp tuberculosis 证明无病的（尤指结核病）: attested cattle/milk 证明无病的牛[不含病菌的奶]. attic / 5AtIk; `AtIk/ n space or room immediately below the roof of a house 阁楼; 顶楼: furniture stored in the attic 在阁楼存放的家具 * [attrib 作定语] an attic bedroom 顶楼卧室. Cf 参看 garret. attire / E5taIE(r); E`taIr/ n [U] (dated or fml 旧或文) clothes; dress 衣服; 服装: wearing formal attire 穿著礼服. attire v. [Tn usu passive 通常用于被动语态] (dated 旧) dress (sb) 穿著: attired in robes of silk and fur 穿著丝织的和毛皮的长袍. attitude / 5AtItju:d; ?@ -tu:d; `AtE9tud/ n 1 ~ (to/towards sb/sth) way of thinking or behaving 看法; 态度: What is your attitude to abortion? 你对堕胎有什么看法? * She shows a very positive attitude to her work. 她工作态度非常积极. * Don't take that attitude with me, young man! 别用这种态度对 我, 小伙子! 2 (fml 文) way of positioning the body 姿势: The photographer has caught him in the attitude of prayer, eg kneeling. 摄影者捕捉住他祈祷的姿势（如跪著）. 3 (idm 习语) strike an attitude/a pose => strike2. attitudinize, -ise / 9AtI5tju:dInaIz; ?@ -5tu:dEn-;9AtE`tudn9aIz/ v [I] speak, write or behave in an affected way in order to impress others （在说话, 书写或行动中）装腔作势. attn abbr. 缩写 = (commerce 商) (for the) attention of: Publicity Dept, attn Mr C Biggs 宣传部, 送交西·比格兹先生. attorney / E5t\:nI; E`t[nI/ n 1 person appointed to act for another in business or legal matters （业务 或法律事务上的）代理人: power of attorney, ie authority to act as attorney 代理权* a letter of attorney, ie one giving sb this authority 授权书. 2 (US) lawyer, esp one qualified to act for clients in court 律师（尤指有资格代表当事人出庭者）: a district attorney, ie the public prosecutor for a particular region 地方检查官. Attorney-General n. (abbr 缩写Atty-Gen) (in certain countries) chief legal officer, appointed by the Government （某些国家的）司法部长. Cf 参看 Solicitor-General (solicitor). attract / E5trAkt; E`trAkt/ v [Tn] 1 pull (sth) towards itself/oneself by unseen force 吸引: A magnet attracts steel. 磁石能吸钢铁. 2 (a) arouse interest or pleasure in (sb/sth) 引起（某人[某事物]的兴 趣或快感; 激发; 引诱: The light attracted a lot of insects. 亮光招引了很多昆虫. * The dog was attracted by the smell of the meat. 狗受到肉味的引诱. * Babies are attracted to bright colours. 婴儿 喜欢鲜艳的颜色. * Do any of these designs attract you? 这些设计中有使你感兴趣的吗? * I'm very attracted to her, ie I feel I would like to become more friendly with her. 我对她产生了好感. (b) arouse (sth); prompt 引起; 激起: attract sb's attention, interest, etc 引起某人的注意, 兴趣等 * The new play has attracted a good deal of criticism. 这出新剧招致很多批评. attraction / E5trAkFn; E`trAkFEn/ n 1 [U] action or power of attracting 吸引; 吸引力: I can't see the attraction of sitting on the beach all day. 我看不出整天坐在沙滩上有什么意思. * She felt an immediate attraction to him. 她对他一见锺情. * The television has little attraction for me. 电视对我 没有什么吸引力. 2 [C] thing that attracts (attract 2a) 有吸引力的事物: One of the main attractions of the job is the high salary. 这份工作最吸引人的是薪水高. * City life holds few attractions for me. 城市生活中没有什么吸引我的东西. Cf 参看 repulsion. attractive / E5trAktIv; E`trAktIv/ adj having the power to attract(2a); pleasing or interesting 有吸引力 的; 诱人的; 使人愉快的; 引起兴趣的: I don't find him at all attractive. 我觉得他一点儿也不讨人 喜欢. * Your proposal sounds very attractive. 你的建议很动听. * goods for sale at attractive prices 价钱低廉诱人的货物. =>Usage at beautiful 用法见 beautiful. > attractively adv: attractively arranged, displayed, presented, etc 诱人地摆著, 陈列著, 展示著等. attractiveness n. [U]. attribute / E5trIbju:t; E`trIbjJt/ v [Tn.pr] ~ sth to sb/sth regard sth as belonging to, caused by or produced by sb/sth 认为某事物属于某人[某事物]; 认为某事物由某人[某事物]引起或产生: This play is usually attributed to Shakespeare. 这个剧本通常认为是莎士比亚作的. * She attributes her success to hard work and a bit of luck. 她认为她的成功是由于勤奋加上一点儿运气而得来的. attributable / E5trIbjUtEbl; E`trIbjJtEbl/ adj [pred 作表语] ~ to sb/sth that can be attributed to sb/sth 可归属或归因于某人[某事物]: Is this painting attributable to Michelangelo? 这幅画是米开朗琪罗 画的吗? attribution / 9AtrI5bju:Fn; 9AtrE`bjuFEn/ n 1 [U] attributing sth to sb/sth 将某事物归属或归因 于某人[某事物]. 2 [C] thing or quality attributed to sb/sth 所归属或归因于某人[某事物]的事物 或特性. attribute / 5AtrIbju:t; `AtrE9bjut/ n 1 quality regarded as a natural or typical part of sb/sth 属性; 特 质; 性质: Her greatest attribute was her kindness. 她最大的特点是为人厚道. * Patience is one of the most important attributes in a teacher. 当教师最重要的一个品性就是要有耐心. 2 object recognized as a symbol of a person or his position 人物或其职位的标志; 象徵: The sceptre is an attribute of kingly power. 节杖是国王权力的象徵. attributive / E5trIbjUtIv; E`trIbjEtIv/ adj (grammar) (of adjectives or nouns) used directly before a noun, to describe it （指形容词或名词）定语的. Cf 参看 predicative. attributively adv. attrition / E5trIFn; E`trIFEn/ n [U] 1 process of gradually weakening sb's strength and confidence by continuous harassment (used esp in the expression shown) 消耗, 消损（尤用于以下示例）: a war of attrition 消耗战. 2 wearing sth away by rubbing; friction 磨损; 摩擦. attune / E5tju:n; ?@ E5tu:n; E`tun/ v [Tn.pr usu passive 通常用于被动语态] ~ sth/sb to sth bring sth/sb into harmony or agreement with sth; make sth/sb familiar with sth 使某事物[某人]与另一事物 调合或一致; 使某事物[某人]熟悉另一事物: We/Our ears are becoming attuned to the noise of the new factory nearby. 我们[我们的耳朵]逐渐适应了附近新工厂的噪声. Atty-Gen abbr. 缩写= (esp US) Attorney-General. atypical / 9eI5tIpIkl; e`tIpIkl/ adj not representative or characteristic of its type; not typical 不具代表 性或同类特性的; 非典型的: a creature that is atypical of its species 没有其同类特性的生物. atypically / -klI; -klI/ adv. au fait / 9EU 5feI; o`fe/ adj [pred 作表语] (French 法) ~ (with sth) fully acquainted (with sth) （对某Oxford Dictionary Translation memory software company ForeignDesk, Okapi Framework, OmegaT, Transolution, AidTransStudio, Cafetran, Déjà Vu (DVX), Heartsome Translation Suite, MemoQ, MetaTexis, Rainbow, SDLX, SDL, STAR Transit, Trados, SDL Trados, Wordfast, WordFisher, Similis, Open Language Tools http://www.transgood.com